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Nature metaphors are used as important tools in expressing the inner worlds, emotional states and social events of the characters in the novel and many events in the novels. Knowing the typologies of nature metaphors used in a novel and determining their meaning fields can play a key role in analyzing the semantic universe of the text and concretizing the level of representation of events and facts in human thought. The current study focuses on the typological and semantic analysis of nature metaphors in Ahmet Altan's novel Hayat Hanım. In the study, the place of the concept of metaphor in the human thought system is discussed within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson's "conceptual metaphor theory". In the study, 18 original nature metaphors out of 44 nature metaphors detected in the novel were selected using the Monographic Sampling Method. The identified metaphors were analyzed in terms of typology and semantics. In the example of the novel Hayat Hanım, the role of nature metaphors in increasing the literary depth in literary texts and the functionality of these metaphors in the "special" communication that the author tries to establish with the reader were determined. It is thought that the findings of the study will contribute to the holistic interpretation of the metaphor map in Ahmet Altan's works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nesir: Journal of Literary Studies / Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Nesir: Journal of Literary Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The word “home” is one of the oldest and most used lexemes in the Russian language, embodying the concepts of family, security and historical transformations of society. The present study aims to trace the semantic history of this lexeme, paying attention to lexicographical and cultural-historical aspects in order to understand its evolution and meaning in Russian more deeply. A number of steps are taken in order to achieve the set goal. Firstly, attention is paid to etymological dictionaries, which reveal the roots of the word and its connection with other languages. This allows us to see the historical context and the development of the meaning of the word “house”. Secondly, the meanings indicated in explanatory dictionaries are identified. The main nominative meanings reflecting the designation of physical structure serving as a dwelling are analysed. Attention is also paid to expressive-synonymous meanings, where the word “house” acquires an emotional-evaluative character, especially in the context of children’s games. Thirdly, with the help of historical dictionaries the dynamics of the use of the word “house” over time is determined. The evolution of the semantics of the word from antiquity to the present day is considered, and changes in the context of use associated with socio-cultural and historical processes are revealed. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the semantics of the lexeme “house” in the Russian language. It covers the period from antiquity to the present, allowing a deeper understanding of the evolution of the meaning of this word in the context of its lexicographical development and cultural history. The study allows us to see how the word “house” has undergone changes in its perception: from the original designation of a residential structure to more abstract concepts such as “family” or “community”. This process reflects not only linguistic but also cultural transformations, noting the influence of historical events and socio-cultural changes on the perception of the term. Thus, the study of the word “home” is of interest for understanding its meanings in different historical and cultural contexts, as well as for analysing its role in the linguistic development of the Russian language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Iranian Studies / İran Çalışmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Iranian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Türkçede çok anlamlılık sözcüğüyle karşılanan iştirâk kavramına ilk olarak, 2./8. yy.’da yaşayan Arap dilbilimcisi Sîbeveyhi’nin (ö. 180/796), el-Kitâb isimli eserinde lafızlarla ilgili yapmış olduğu üçlü taksimde rastlanmaktadır. Buna göre lafızlar lafız ve anlamları farklı kelimeler; lafızları farklı, anlamları bir olan kelimeler ve lafızları bir, anlamları farklı kelimeler olarak kendini göstermektedir. O, her ne kadar terim olarak adından bahsetmese de iştirâkı; lafızları bir, anlamları farklı kelimeler şeklinde açıklamıştır. Ondan sonra gelen dil bilginleri de genel olarak bu taksimi esas almış, söz konusu kavramın tanımında bir farklılık kaydedilmemiş ve bu konuda yapılan açıklamalar, verilen örnekler çok az bir değişiklik yapılarak aktarılmıştır. Modern döneme gelindiğinde ise iştirâk kavramıyla ilgili yapılan açıklamaların yine ilk dönemlerde olduğu gibi herhangi bir şart ve kayıt ortaya konulmadan genel olarak ifade edildiği görülür. Yalnız Müneccid bu kavramı, “Mürekkeb (bileşik) değil de müfred (basit) olup hareke ve harf düzenin bir değişikliğe uğramadığı, tek bir çevrede ve aynı zaman dilimi içerisinde özel bir delâletle delâlet eden, yine aralarında herhangi bir mana ve belâgat cihetiyle bir bağın olmadığı lafızlardır” şeklinde tarif ederek ortaya bir çerçeve koymaya çalışmıştır. Öte yandan iştirâkın varlığı meselesi eskiden beri tartışılan bir konudur. Kimileri her lafzın bir anlam için vaz’ edildiğini, bir sözcüğün iki farklı veya birbirine zıt anlamlar için konulmasının dilin açık olması bir tarafa anlam bulanıklığına neden olduğunu, dilin fesâhatını bozduğunu gerekçe göstererek onun varlığını inkâr ederken, kimileri de Arap dilinin zenginliklerinden biri kabul etmişlerdir. Nitekim bu olgu sayesinde sınırlı kelimelerle sınırsız nesne anlatılarak dile bir esneklik kazandırılmaktadır. Ayrıca dilde anlamlar sınırsız, lafızlar ise sınırlı olduğundan müşterek lafızlara olan ihtiyaç kaçınılmazdır. Diğer taraftan iştirâkın bütün dillerdeki yaygınlığına bakıldığında onun evrensel bir tarafının olduğu görülebilir. Müşterek lafızların anlam karışıklığı ve belirsizliğine neden olduğu düşüncesi yerinde olmayıp bu olumsuzlukların bertaraf edilip anlamın tayin edilebilmesi için bağlamın dikkate alınması yeterli olacaktır. Yine müşterek lafızların dilin fesâhatini bozduğu düşüncesi isabetli olmayıp bunlar sözün beliğ ve edebî olmasını sağlamaktadır. Kimileri “bir lafzın iki zıt anlamı ihtiva etmesi” anlamına gelen ezdâd kavramını, “birden çok anlamı taşıması” hakikatinden yola çıkarak iştirâk içerisinde değerlendirmiş, kimileri de müşterek lafızların anlamları arasında (zıtlık vb.) herhangi bir bağın olmaması şartını ileri sürerek Arap diline has müstakil bir kavram olarak nitelemiştir. Yine bazıları eş adlılığı iştirâk/çok anlamlılık kapsamında değerlendirirken bazıları da aralarında anlam ilişkisi olmadığı için eş adlılığın müşterek lafızlardan farklı olduğunu savunmuştur. Bu çalışmada Arap dili kavramlarından biri olan iştirâkın geçmişten günümüze kadar devam eden bir ıstılah olma yolundaki tarihsel seyri irdelenmiş, semantik analize tabi tutularak delâlet gelişimi ve kavramsal çerçevesi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Kavramsal değişimin gösterilebilmesi için doküman analizi yönteminden faydalanılmış ve klasik- modern kaynaklar kronolojik olarak taranarak dönemler arası karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır.

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Theology is the property of Journal of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Books are one of the written elements that are extremely important in the transfer of knowledge. Book covers, can be specified as a visual starting point for a book that affects the first impressions of the reader. The field of human resources management, on the other hand, can be expressed as a branch of science or discipline in which employee-employer relations are analyzed, analyzed and tried to be developed in depth, especially at the organizational level. Of course, various contributions are made in the academic field to the field of HRM. Some of these contributions state to the production of knowledge in a technical sense. Others are related to the intellectual background of the field. Unlike the aforementionet studies, in this study, 12 book covers on human resources management, selected by typical case sampling from the universe of all the books on human resources management sold in Turkey, were tried to be analyzed by making use of semiotic analysis, which is a qualitative research method. Thus, it is aimed to examine the relationship between the books written in the field of human resources management and the content of the books and the field. For analysis, a model arranged according to Roland Barthes' concepts of form-content, denotationconnotation was used. The findings obtained as a result of the analysis were shared and the evaluations related to the analysis were included in the conclusion title. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dil, insanın varoluşundan beri kullanageldiği en önemli iletişim aracıdır. İnsan duygu ve düşüncelerini dil ile ifade etmekte, diğer insanlarla dil vasıtasıyla anlaşabilmektedir. Dil, doğası gereği değişime ve dönüşüme açık toplumsal bir olgudur. İnsanlık tarihi içerisinde toplumların kullandıkları dildeki kelime hazneleri savaş, göç, devrim, ticari olaylar, sosyal ve kültürel faktörler gibi çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı sürekli bir hareketlilik içerisinde olmuştur. Kimi sözcükler anlam genişlemesine, kimisi anlam daralmasına, kimisi anlam iyileşmesine, kimisi anlam kötüleşmesine, kimisi de anlamın tamamen değişimine uğramıştır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak anlambilimin önemli konuları arasında yer alan anlam değişmelerinin genel düzeyde hangi yollarla meydana geldiğine değinilmiş, daha sonra Arap dili özelinde anlam değişmesine sebep olan faktörler örnekler ışığında tespit edilerek açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu sebeplerden en yaygın olarak görülen dilsel, tarihsel, sosyal, kültürel, siyasi, psikolojik, yabancı dillerin etkisi, sözcüğün yaygın olarak kullanımı ve isim koyma zarureti gibi faktörler ele alınmıştır. Söz konusu değişimler izah edilirken anlambilimle ilişki içerisinde bulunan bilim dallarına başvurulmuştur.

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the literature, verbs have been classified in various ways according to some morphological, syntactic and semantic features. Mental verbs are a classification of verbs that combine around thought, such as perception, reason, emotion, and will, according to the semantic features of the verbs. Perception verbs are a subtype of mental verbs. The basis of perception is the physical stimulation of the sense organs. For this reason, the verbs of perception have been examined in the literature as seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and touching according to the five basic sense organs. Visual perception verbs are the most used perception verbs. For this reason, the number of visual perception verbs and the variety of meanings are higher. Various opinions have been put forward on the polysemy of the verbs of perception. The most prominent view is the emergence of connotations related to the basic meaning through the different features of the visual perception verbs in their basic meanings based on physical perception. Apart from this, many explanations such as morphology, metaphorization, syntactic environment, frequency of use have been made for the formation of polysemy. In this study, visual perception verbs in Tuvan, one of the Southern Siberian Turkic languages, are discussed in terms of polysemy. In this context, the verbs kör-, bakıla- and karakta- were determined from Tuvan dictionaries and the meaning diversity of these verbs has been revealed thanks to the classification of visual perception verbs accepted in the literature and the meanings encountered in Tuvan texts. Thus, it has been seen in which meanings Tuvan visual perception verbs can be used in context together with their primary meanings in dictionaries. Thus, it has been seen in which meanings Tuvan visual perception verbs can be used in context together with their primary meanings in dictionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Yer adları; bir bölgenin tarih, coğrafya, kültür, toplumsal yapı ve daha birçok alanda bilgi birikimini barındıran kültürel bir bellektir. Yer adları diğer özel adlar gibi genellikle belirli nedenlerle verilmekte olup birçok yer adının çeşitli hikâyesi bulunmaktadır. Su, bitki, hayvan, yer bilimleri gibi fiziki nedenler ile kişi adı, tarihî olaylar, toplumsal meseleler gibi beşeri nedenler yer adlarının belirleyicisi konumunda olmakla birlikte kimi yer adlarının verilişi tesadüfi veya belirsizdir. Türkiye; coğrafi konumu, fiziki koşullarıyla yüzyıllardır medeniyetler beşiği konumunda olup birden fazla etnik yapıyı bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Mardin’in Nusaybin ilçesi, Türkiye’deki bu renkliliğin minyatürü ve taşıyıcısı olup çok kültürlü ve çok dilli bir yapıya sahiptir. Nusaybin; tarihî dokusu, jeopolitik konumu, farklı medeniyetlere yapmış olduğu ev sahipliğiyle bölgenin en eski yerleşim yerlerinden birisidir. Bu zenginlik ve farklılıklar Nusaybin’in yer adlarına da tezahür etmiştir. Yer adları asırlar boyunca hüküm süren medeniyetlerin dil ve kültürlerine göre değişiklik göstermiş kimi zaman belirli ses değişiklikleriyle evrilmiş, bazen de hiçbir değişiklik göstermeden günümüze kadar gelmeyi başarmıştır. Bu çalışmada Mardin ilinin Nusaybin ilçesine bağlı 84 mahallenin adı anlambilimsel olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada mahalle adları fiziki ve beşeri kaynaklı olarak başlıklandırılmış; Nusaybin yer adlarının veriliş nedenleri anlambilimsel bir bakış açısıyla tasnif edilmiştir. Yer adlarının; yerin yapısı ve konumu, su kaynakları, maden ve taş, bitki, hayvan gibi doğa ve fiziksel koşullar ile kişi, millet, boy adları, duyular, din ve inanış, ekonomik faaliyetler gibi toplumsal koşullara dayandığı tespit edilmiştir. Yer adlarının kalıcılığı, uzun müddet korunabilmesi, konumunun kültürel dokusuyla ilişkili olabilmesi bölgenin tarihi, etnik kökeni, coğrafyası, dili, inanışı, ekonomisi hakkında ipuçları vermektedir. Bu minvalde Nusaybin ile birlikte yer adlarının kültürel miras olması gerekliliği pekiştirilecektir.

The explanations about the definition of the concept of ishtirāq, which is understood as polysemy in Turkish, are found first in the triple classification regarding the expressions made by the Arab linguist Sībawayh (d. 180/796), who lived in the 2nd/8th century, in his book named “al-Kitāb” Accordingly, the expressions appear as words with different forms and meanings, words with different forms but the same meaning, and words with the same form but different meanings. Although he did not mention it by name as a term, he described the ishtirāq as words with the same form but different meanings. The linguists who came after him generally followed this classification, no difference was recorded in the definition of this concept and the explanations and examples given were transmitted with very little change. In the modern period, it is observed that the explanations made regarding the concept of ishtirāq are generally presented without any specific condition or limitation, as in the early periods. However, al-Munajjid tried to put a framework by defining this concept as “Words that are not compound but simple, in which the movement and letter order do not undergo any change, and which signify with a special signification in a single environment and within the same period of time, and in which there is no connection between them in terms of meaning and eloquence.” The issue of the existence of ishtirāq has been debated; some deny its existence by arguing that each word is coined for a single meaning, and putting two different or opposite meanings into a single word creates ambiguity and uncertainty, which ruins the eloquence of language. Others, however, accept it as a reality of language and consider it a richness of the language. Indeed, thanks to this phenomenon, unlimited objects can be described with limited words, which provides flexibility to the language. Moreover, since meanings in language are limitless but words are limited, the need for common words is inevitable. On the other hand, when we consider the prevalence of ishtirāq in all languages, its universal aspect cannot be ignored. The notion that common words cause confusion and uncertainty in meaning is not correct. Rather, to eliminate these negatives and determine the meaning, it is sufficient to consider the context. Furthermore, the notion that common words damage the eloquence of language is not correct. On the contrary, they ensure that speech is clear and literary. Some have interpreted the concept of "aḍdād" which means "the presence of two opposite meanings in a single word," as part of ishtirāq based on the fact that a word can have multiple meanings. Others have referred to it as a separate concept unique to the Arabic language, arguing that there is no connection between the meanings of the common words, including opposites. Some argue that synonymy should be considered within the scope of polysemy/ multiple meanings, while others claim that because there is no relationship between the meanings, homonymy is different from polysemy. In this study, the historical development of ishtirāq, one of the concepts in the Arabic language, which has been an ongoing term from the past to the present, has been examined, and its semantic analysis has been conducted to reveal its referential development and conceptual framework. Document analysis method was used to demonstrate conceptual change, and classical and modern sources were chronologically reviewed and compared between periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Linguistic Research / Dilbilim Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Bogazici University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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إنَّ هناك فروقًا مهمَّة بين التَّعبيرين: التَّعبير بالجملة الاسميَّة، والتَّعبير بالجملة الفعليَّة، فالكثيرون من اللُّغويين لا يذكرون هنا إلا الجانب الشَّكلي للكلمة المتقدّمة دون الإشارة إلى ما وراء هذا الشَّكل من جوانب دلاليَّة؛ وهذه الفروق تعتمد على المسند إليه أاسم هو أم فعل؟ فإذا كان المسند إليه اسمًا فإنَّ دلالته تختلف عن كونه فعلاً، والجملة تبنى عليه لأنَّه أساسها، وبالتَّالي فإنَّ دلالة الجملة كلّها تتغيّر؛ فالجملة الاسميَّة إذا تكوَّنت من اسمين مرفوعين دلَّت على الدَّوام والاستمرار بخلاف الجملة الفعليَّة؛ فالاسميَّة تدلُّ على الثُّبوت وذلك إذا كانت اسميَّة محضة- أي خالية من فعل- فإنْ كانت غير محضة- وهي الَّتي يكون فيها الخبر جملة فعليَّة- فإنَّها تفيد مع الثُّبوت التَّجدّد، وقد تفيد الاستمرار التَّجدّدي، أمَّا الجملة الفعليَّة فإنَّها بخلاف هذا؛ حيث تدلُّ على التَّغير والتَّبدل في الأمر. الجملة الاسميَّة أكثر لواحق؛ حيث إنَّها قد تتركب من اسم وفعل، فكلُّ ما يكون الفعل في جملتها من لواحق تحمله معه، وبجانب هذه اللَّواحق للخبر في الجملة الاسميَّة توجد لواحق أحيانًا للاسم الأوَّل المرفوع فيها، وبذلك يتَّضح أنَّ لواحق الجملة الاسميَّة تتعدّد تعدّدًا واسعًا، ممَّا يجعلها أكثر اتِّساعًا للمعاني. كما أنَّ التَّقدّم للاسم أو الفعل مرتبط بأهمية المتقدِّم بالنِّسبة للعناصر أو الأطراف المشاركة في الموقف اللُّغوي؛ فدلالة هذا التَّقدّم ترتد إلى محاولة المتكلِّم تلبية احتياجات الظُّروف المؤثِّرة في الموقف اللُّغويِّ. وتجدر الإشارة إلى أنَّ البحث متوَّج بإطار تطبيقي في آيات القرآن الكريم للاستدلال من خلال على بيان أهمِّ الفروق الدِّلاليَّة بين الجملتين- الاسميَّة والفعليَّة- وذلك من خلال الاستعانة بآراء اللُّغويين والمفسِّرين لإيضاح الفكرة وتأكيدها.

Turning from sign analysis to text, from text to culture analysis, semiotics tends to examine cultural phenomena and their appearance in different societies. Using the data of cultural semiotics, semantics tries to comprehend the semantic focus particularly by making use of the theoretical data of François Rastier under the title of interpretive semantics. Parallel to the semantic analysis studies carried out by Algirdas Julien Greimas under the heading of structural semantics, interpretive semantics texts then, reveal methodological data that will be used to analyze the cultures of societies. Inspired by the pioneering analysis of Iouri Lotman and Boris Ouspenski in their Sémiotique de la Culture Russe (Semiotics of Russian Culture), and regarded as being among the representatives of such an approach in France, Greimas and Rastier, consider culture as a factor dissolved in the text. According to this point of view, the understanding that semiotic forms are meaningful forms is adopted. For Greimas, cultural facts are embedded in the text in the form of conceptual and ideological models. François Rastier, who develops the definitions of Greimas, offers ways of analysis for the semiotics of cultures as a domain of knowledge, which is established by linguists such as Saussure and Hjelmslev, under the title of semantics of the text and connects the features of languages to the characteristics of what is called "symbolic forms" by Cassirer and their cultural formations. Bringing his semantic theory together with culture science, Rastier goes beyond Greimas's approach that reduces meaning to lexicographic units and brings together the semantics of text with cultural semiotics in an interpretative phenomenon, and suggests some criteria for a cultural semiotics: for example, scripting and interpretive analysis of texts are among the criteria. This step, which is based on analyzing the semantics considering the context, is based on determining the distinctive features of the text in question. It also describes the values in the text without suggesting value judgments in the description phase. In the determination of meaning, it takes both the elements with semantic features and images into consideration. While doing these, he adheres to a comparative and differential attitude, thinking that culture can only be understood as an intercultural phenomenon. Within these criteria, it should not be forgotten that words as semantic units employ an effective function together with their cultural background that is beyond being simple indicators of textuality. Such semantic units, which are seen as cultural words (fr. lexiculture), can be evaluated from a cultural semantic perspective. We will use this approach, which makes use of the stereotypical data of semiotics, in Öcal Oğuz's book called Gelişi Güzel Kelimeler (Random Words). We will focus on a number of semantic extremes without using all the criteria of cultural semantics in the context of a writing. Our aim is to put into practice the data used in the cultural semantics perspective to a certain extent and to present an analysis proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Anlam değişimi, anlam değişimine yol açan faktörler ve anlam değişiminin mahiyeti anlambili-min konuları arasındadır. Anlam değişiminin ele alındığı çalışmalar artsüremli/ diakronik nitelik-tedir ve bu tarz çalışmalarda bir sözcüğün anlamsal gelişimi belli bir zaman aralığında ele alınır. Bir sözcüğün, kavramın anlamsal serüveni bir nevi onu kullanan topluluğun fikirsel dönüşümüne ışık tutar, bu nedenle bu tür anlambilim çalışmaları birçok sosyal bilim dalı için de önem arz etmektedir ve bu çalışmalarda çeşitli bilim dallarının içiçeliği ve iş birliği görülür.Bir sözcüğün terim olma süreci, özel bir alanın literatürüne girmesiyle sözlük anlamının yanı sıra o alana has anlam veya anlamlar kazanmasını ifade eder. İslami terminolojide yer alan sözcükler de artık sözlük anlamlarının yanı sıra İslam literatürüyle bağlantılı anlamlar kazanmıştır ve bu anlamlarla o fikir dünyasının bir parçası haline gelmişlerdir. Sözcük, İslam öncesi dönemdeki içerdiği anlamlardan biriyle İslami bir terim haline gelse de hiçbir anlamsal değişim yaşamadığını söylemek güçtür. Zira artık yeni bir kavramlar dünyasının yani İslam olgusunun gölgesine girmiş-tir ve ondan etkilenmiştir. İslam dini ortaya çıkışının ardından kendi terminolojisini oluşturmuş ve bu sürece en yardımcı olan kaynak kutsal kitabı Kur’an olmuştur. Bu çalışmada İslami bir terim olan “şehit” kelimesi anlamsal açıdan incelenmiştir. “Şehit” kelimesi anlamsal olarak itikadi, askeri, hukuki ve siyasi çağrışımlar içeren bir terimdir. Bu çalışmada bu anlamların hangisinin önceden var olduğu hangisinin daha sonra kazanıldığı üzerinde durulmuştur.Bir İslami terimin anlamsal dönüşümünü izleyebilmek için onu İslam öncesi yani Cahiliye dönemi ve İslam sonrası dönemde ele almak gerekmektedir. Tabi ki daha sonraki dönemlerde Kur’an’la birlikte edindiği anlamlarda da dönüşüm yaşamış olma ihtimali vardır. Nitekim yaşanan her türlü gelişme bu terimin anlamsal dönüşümüne neden olabilir. Fakat bu çalışmada şehit teriminin Cahiliye Şiirleri ile Kur’an metni arasındaki anlamsal serüveni incelenmiştir. Çalışmada betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmış, şehit kelimesinin yer aldığı bağlamlar içerisinde ifade ettiği anlamlar incelenmiştir. Çalışmada yapılan tüm sözlük, şiir ve ayet incelemelerinde her ne kadar şehit çekimi üzerine yoğunlaşılmış olsa da kelimeyle yakın bağlantılı olan kelimenin fiil formu şe-hi-de fiili, isim formu şehadet kelimesi ve çoğul formu şüheda kelimesi vb. diğer müştaklara da gerekli gö-rüldüğü miktarda değinilmiştir.Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında “şehit” kelimesi Arap Dilinin farklı dönemlere ait yedi tane klasik söz-lükte taranmış ve etimolojik açıdan incelenmiştir. Sözlük incelemesi sonucunda ş-h-d kökünün görmek, bilmek, bulunmak anlamlarını; şehit kelimesinin gören, bilen, bulunan, şahit, Allah yolunda öldürülen anlamlarını; şehadet kelimesinin ise kesin haber ve şahitlik etmek anlamlarını içerdiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Sözlüklerde Allah yolunda öldürülen kişiye neden şehit denildiği ile alakalı birçok rivayete rastlanmış, bunlara çalışmada detaylı bir şekilde yer verilmiştir. Bu sebepler şu şekilde özetlenebilir: Allah yolunda öldürülen kişi hakka şahitlik etmiştir, savaşa tanıklık etmiş-tir ve o, Allah katında canlı ve hazırdır. Allah ve melekleri, düştüğü yer, üzerindeki kanı da onun hakka şehadetine şahitlik etmişlerdir. Ayrıca onun imanına şahitlik edilmiştir. Bu yorumlar ince-lendiğinde kelimenin bulunduğu faîl vezninin hem fâil hem ism-i mef’ûl anlamı taşımasının izleri görülmektedir.Çalışmanın bir sonraki aşamasında şehit terimi bir kısım Cahiliye şiiri kaynaklarında taranmıştır ve aynı kökten türeyen diğer kelimelerle bağlantılı olarak Cahiliye dönemindeki kullanımı araştırıl-mıştır. Cahiliye şiirlerinin güvenilirliği bazı araştırmacılar tarafından tartışılsa da bu şiirler Arap dilinin gelişimiyle alakalı dilbilimsel çalışmalarda başvuru kaynağı olmayı sürdürmektedir. İnce-lenen kaynaklarda şehit terimine bir beyitte rastlanmış ve burada “bir savaşa, saldırıya tanıklık eden, katılan anlamlarında kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmasının son aşamasında ise şehit ve şüheda kelimelerinin geçtiği bazı âyetler; Taberî, İbni Kesîr ve Zemahşerî tefsirlerinde taranmıştır. Çalışmada incelenecek âyetler Diyanet İşleri Başkanlı-ğı’nın sitesinden alınan verilere göre belirlenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda şehit teriminin; Allah’ı, Hz. Muhammed’i, İsa peygamberi, diğer peygamberleri ve Muhammed ümmetini nitele-mek amacıyla kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Şehit, Allah’ın sıfatı olarak her şeyi bilen, gören ve hiçbir şey ondan gaip ve gizli olmayan anlamına gelmektedir. Hz. Muhammed’in sıfatı olarak ise öne çıkan anlam; Hz. Muhammed’in Müslümanlara, yapıp ettiklerine ve onların, kendisine ve kendisi-nin tebliğ ettiği dine imanlarına şahit olduğu anlamı taşımaktadır. Muhammed ümmetinin ise diğer ümmetlere şahitlik edeceğinden bahsedilmektedir. İsa peygamberin ise Kıyamet günü kendisinin Allah’ın dinini tebliğ ettiğine dair şahit olacağı yorumlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca her peygamberin kendi ümmetinin şehidi olduğu ve Allah’ın katından kendilerine verilenleri tebliğ ettiklerine şahitlik edecekleri bildirilmektedir.İncelenen tefsirlerde Kur’an’da şehit kelimesinin melek yerine kullanıldığı, hukuki bir terim olarak şahit, borç hususunda şahit ve Allah yolunda savaşırken ölen anlamlarında kullanıldığı yorumla-rına da ulaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla şehit kelimesi Cahiliye döneminde; görmek, tanık olmak, bulun-mak anlamından hareketle savaşa katılan anlamında kullanılmıştır. Kur’an metninde ise anlamın kutsiyet kazandığı, kutsal bir dava uğrunda ölen anlamına evrildiği görülmüştür. Buna ek olarak şehit kelimesinin içerdiği şahit olma eylemi sıradan bir şahitlikten öte hakka şahitlik etme anlamı kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada şehit teriminin İslam dininin literatürüne girerken yaşadığı dönüşüm ele alınmıştır. Bundan sonra daha ileriki dönemlerde yani İslami terim olduktan sonraki yaşadığı dönüşümün inceleneceği çalışmalar kelimenin İslam literatürü içindeki anlam seyrine ışık tuta-caktır.

ÖZ: Düşüncenin ifade edilme aracı olan dilin işleyişini ve insan zihninde oluşturduğu soyut dizgeyi çözümlemek dile yönelik araştırmalara temel oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, dil nesnesi biçimci ve işlevci düzlemlerde farklı kuramlar çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Sözgelimi, biçimci ve işlevci düzlemler kapsamında ele alınan kuramlar birbirinden farklı sunuluş gösterdiği için dilin bileşenlerine ve bu bileşenlerin oluşturduğu arakesitlere ilişkin kuramlar da biçimci ve işlevci düzlemler çerçevesinde birbirlerinden farklı yöntemler izleyerek dil dizgesini açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Dil dizgesini betimleme ve açıklamaya ilişkin biçimci düzlemde yapılan incelemeler sezdirimsel bir biçimde sadece dilin kendi içyapısını temel alırken işlevci düzlemde yapılan incelemeler dil kullanımının gerçekleştiği bağlamı da dikkate alarak dilin iletişim boyutunu temel almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, dil dizgesini oluşturan dilbilgisinin temel bileşenleri ile ilgili açıklamalar yaparak söz konusu bileşenlerin oluşturduğu dilbilimsel arakesitleri biçimci yaklaşımlar doğrultusunda tartışmak ve örnekler üzerinden değerlendirmektir; dolayısıyla, sesbilim, biçimbilim, sözdizim, anlambilim ve edimbilim (bilgi yapısı) alanlarına ilişkin bilgilerin sunulması ve biçimci düzlemler temel alınarak sesbilim-biçimbilim arakesiti, biçimbilim-sözdizim arakesiti, sesbilim-sözdizim arakesiti, sesbilim-anlambilim arakesiti, biçimbilim-anlambilim arakesiti, sözdizim-anlambilim arakesiti, sözdizim-edimbilim arakesiti ve sesbilim-biçimbilim-anlambilim-sözdizim arakesitine ilişkin kuramların tanıtılıp hangi düzeylerde ve nasıl sunuluş sergilediklerinin incelenmesi bu araştırma kapsamında konu edilecektir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, çalışmada sözü edilen arakesitler ile ilgili kuram, varsayım ve savların dilbilim alanyazınında disiplinlerarası yapılacak olan çalışmalara kuramsal çerçeve oluşturarak kaynak olması hedeflenmektedir. ABSTRACT: Investigating the functioning of the language, a means of expression of thought and the abstract system created in the human mind, constitutes the basis for researches about language. In this regard, the object of language is examined within the framework of different theories in formalist and functionalist approaches. Since the theories discussed within the scope of formalist and functionalist approaches show different representations, theories about the components of language and the interfaces formed by these components try to explain the language system by employing different methods. While the formalist analysis is based on the internal structure of the language in an intuitive manner, functional analysis is based on the communication dimension of the language, taking into account the context in which the language used. The aim of this study is to discuss the basic components of the grammar that constitute the language system, the linguistic interfaces formed by these components in accordance with the formalist approaches and to evaluate them through examples. Therefore, on the basis of formalist approaches, the representation of information about the fields including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics (information structure) in addition to presenting theories about the phonology-morphology interface, morphology-syntax interface, phonology-syntax interface, phonology-semantics interface, morphology-semantics interface, syntax-semantics interface, syntax-pragmatics interface and phonology-morphology-semantics-syntax interface will be discussed in terms of their representations. To this end, it is aimed that the theories, assumptions and arguments related to the interfaces mentioned in the study will be the source by creating a theoretical framework for the interdisciplinary studies in linguistics literature.

Bu makalede, değinilen konular ve ele alınan başlıklar açısından modern dilbilim kitaplarına benzer şekilde hazırlanmış olan üç kitapta, sözdizim ve anlamsal yorum konusu araştırılacaktır. Çağdaş sayılabilecek üç dilcinin yazmış olduğu bu kitaplar: İbn Fâris’in (ö. 395/1004) es-Sâhibî fi fıkhi’l-luğati’l-ʽArabiyye ve aüneni’l-ʽArabi fî kelâmihâ adlı eseri, İbn Cinnî’nin (ö. 392/1002) el-Hasâis ve es-Seâlibî’nin (ö. 429/1038) Fıkhu’l-luğa ve Sırru’l-ʽArabiyye adlı eseridir. Arapça cümlelerdeki sözdizim değişikliği anlamsal yorumu nasıl etkiler? Görünüşte aynı anlama gelen fakat farklı cümle yapılarından oluşan cümlelerdeki anlam incelikleri nelerdir? soruları, çalışmamızın temel problematiğini teşkil etmektedir. İlk bakışta bu kitaplarda, takdim-tehir, müennesin müzekker anlamında; müzekkerin müennes anlamında kullanılması; ceminin müfred, müfredin cemi olarak kullanılması gibi bazı ipuçları göze çarpmaktadır. Buralardan hareketle her üç kitapta da sözdizim ve anlamsal yoruma konu olabilecek veriler tespit edilecektir.

This article is a diachronic study of the lexico-semantic sphere. The semantic field is the words that derive from the same root, belong to the same semantic field, and are formed as a result of the development of a certain root in various ways in the language system. In the study, the root words as (meal), köz (eye) and kör- (to see) and the words derived from them have been analyzed structurally. In the Kazakh language, examples of such words are the verbs 'kör-egen-dik' etc. 'Astık, közde, köregen' and similar words in Kazakh Turkish are some of the words derived from these roots. Many of the lexemes of this class are capable of forming verbs, nouns, etc. by adding various affixes. Thus, emphasising common Turkic roots for the Kazakh language or other grounds, we can determine the derived words of the same root. In this study, the common and different meanings of the above-mentioned words in Turkic languages were determined, and the words derived from these roots and their usage areas in Turkic languages are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not possible for people to derive a new word for every concept. Actually, while words in language are limited, objects, events, facts and concepts that need to be named are unlimited. This requires some of the new concepts to be explained in existing words. In this way, variations in the meanings of words occur. Different uses of words, forms of language in various dimensions, and new meanings they have gained over time provides important data in terms of semantics. The fact that all of the meanings given in the Turkish Dictionary for the word dik are included as adjective emphasizes the descriptive aspect of the word. The word, which basically means located in the direction of gravity with respect to a horizontal plane, not leaning, has gained different uses and new semantic dimensions with various meanings over time. It is interesting that some of these meanings are negative and some have affirmative qualities. It is also seen that terms related to the fields of geometry, astronomy, zoology, calligraphy and music are also derived from the word dik. In this article, it will be focused on in which contexts the word dik is used in Turkish, how it diversifies in terms of meaning and expression, and which meaning dimensions the word gains with this variation. For this purpose, compound words, verbs and idioms formed with the word dik will be examined; dictionary units with negative and positive meanings will be determined. Since it is a simultaneous study based on Standard Turkey Turkish, historical and contemporary dialects of Turkish, Anatolian dialects and special languages such as slang are excluded from the scope of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semantics is based on defining a word in at least two axes: the syntactic axis and the serial axis. The first is based on "examining the units of language in terms of following each other in a chain of words"; the second focuses on the "vertical relationship established between units that can replace each other and are connected on the same level". In the first stage, a syntactic analysis is made, the relationships between words are revealed. In the second step, while choosing the words, a choice is made according to their meanings. At this stage, the semantic associations of the words are defined by their relationships to synonyms, antonyms, and poly-meanings. Other types of affiliation forms, such as inclusive, explicit, implicit and part-and-all relationships may also be added to this. The way to grasp the meaning, that is what is meant in a proverb (or proverbs in general), depends primarily on considering such relationships. Cultural background complements such a linguistic structuring. Another question concerns the repetition of the established motifs of a proverb in other contexts. So, to begin with syntax, making sense of a proverb, a way of thinking (common sense; the main object of a folklore study is to reveal the peculiarity of common sense) is to determine the "condition of reality" related to it. After revealing the linguistic and discursive uniqueness of a proverb in terms of its syntax and seriality, the process of semantic questioning is naturally focused on the context, thus the subject's (proverb) reality conditions (culture, value, intellectual accumulation, context) are examined. On the pragmatic plane, the relationship between proverbs and their users (a person, a society) is viewed as a system of signs. In this way, the effects of proverbs as linguistic acts are questioned. Undoubtedly, it is not possible to describe all these elements of inquiry regarding proverbs in a short article or to determine their functions. Therefore, we have to put a limit on the study. We will be content with making some brief determinations on the syntactic, discursive and narrative dimensions of the proverbs, parallel to the analysis stages in the semantic (structural / semiotic) analysis model that Yves-Marie Visetti and Pierre Cadiot suggested while doing the semantic questioning of the proverbs. The aim of such an approach is to identify some starting points that will make a methodological contribution to the semantic analysis of proverbs that are positioned under short forms, by using the data of structural semantics, and reifying the data via a short application, thus giving some clues about the discursive functioning of proverbs as products of common sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The fact that language is a social phenomenon highlights the significance of society in general, and individuals in particular. The mind that is shaped with social and individual experiences is expressed through language. The meaning that is put forward because of selection of language units within a certain context is also a product of mind. Language is an agreement system. Individuals create their discourse within such a system based on what they experience. While doing so, they might use various discourse markers or instead, make use of implications by moving the focus to the background without using any markers. Negativity in such a pragmatist process that creates the discourse is fundamentally the meaning the speaker or the reader adds to the proposition. The speaker makes use of implication for the negativity by making a reference, comparison, or word associations while creating the boundaries of the discourse. Rather than presenting the negativity literature, this study aims at showing that negativity is a pragmatic and a linguistic category, not a grammatical one. For this purpose, a limited number of discoursive negativity examples from the Book of Dede Korkut have been used. Results of discourse analysis of negativity language units in the Book of Dede Korkut prove that negativity can be reflected thanks to negativity strategies without using standard negativity markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotion researches has gained momentum in many fields of social sciences with the rise of social constructivist perspective which claims emotions are not only biological impulses but also socio-cultural constructs. One of these disciplines, "the history of emotions", focuses on changes of emotions over time, and their differences in various cultures, with reference to historical texts and literary works to list emotional vocabulary of the language it focuses. In this regard, detecting emotional vocabulary of Turkish language would yield useful results not only for Turkish literature researches but also to track histories of emotions in Turkish. In this respect, it is important to detect the emotion words belonging to another cultural sphere, of which Turkish language in Western field starts to interact from 13th century. This lexicon search tries to identify Arabic and Persian originated "emotion nouns" of Ottoman Turkish from 13th to 19th centuries. For this purpose, Ottoman Turkish - Modern Turkish Dictionary of Ferit Devellioğlu, which is the most extended dictionary of Ottoman Turkish from 13th to 19th centuries, has been looked up item by item, and three hundred and ninety five words which express an emotion or an affect have been found. Afterwords, the vocabulary found in Devellioğlu Sözlük, searched in Kamus-ı Türkî, the most reliable dictionary of Ottoman Turkish for 19th century, to understand whether they still exit or is there any semantic changes. In this process it is aimed to determine the emotional lexicon which is borrowed from Arabic and Persian of Ottoman Turkish from 13th centuries to 19th centuries, and their situations especially in 19th century in which new genres of Turkish literatures emerged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linguistic methods of analysis that allow a categorial classification on the basis of morphological, syntactic and semantic criteria are used for the determination of the count-/mass-noun distinction and collective nouns. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether such categorial assignments are also possible for the German and Turkish language. In the first part of the paper, explanations of some terms ("count nouns", "mass nouns" and "collective nouns") are given. Following up, a categorial classsification of German and Turkish nouns is attempted within the context of the enlisted linguistic methods of analysis (morphological criterion ("quantity plural"T1, "element affinity" T2); syntactic criterion (“use in numeral or measurement constructions" T3, "count nouns not without determinator in NP function (or [_] NP context" T4, "element attribute” or “genitive attribute" T5, "element specification apposition" T6); semantic criterion ("sortal plural" T7) (cf. Kuhn, 1982, s. 84-97). As the basis of the categorical assignments, the differentiations in German are taken into consideration and compared with the corresponding phenomena in Turkish. Unlike German, the Turkish language, however, has a special feature that "reflects a different morphosyntactic implementation of 'multiplicity' in the use of plural forms" (cf. Johanson und Rehbein, 1999, s. vii-xx und translated by N. D.). This peculiarity of the Turkish language is assigned to the linguistic phenomenon "transnumerality". In the languages of the world, there is, besides the marking of the grammatical category number, also a pattern according to which there is no number agreement within the noun phrase. Accordingly, German belongs to the first type of number use, in that it has multiple markings for the plural forms, whereas Turkish can be assigned to the second type. The overarching principle in the grammatical expressions of the Turkish language seems to be the concept of economy, according to which morphological economy is ranked higher than semantic transparency (cf. Ortmann, 2002).

Gülseli İnal (1947), who is a part of Turkish poetry after 1980, was based on a closed style and imaginary expression in her poems. Gülseli İnal, who also decorates her poems with modern paintings, has used mythological elements and stories many times in her poems. This situation also affected the use of images by Gülseli İnal. Therefore, the concept of image will be examined in the light of semantics in Gülseli İnal’s poem. While doing this examination, the imagination of mythological elements will be emphasized. An experimental answer will be sought for the question of how much the boundaries of the image can expand, based on Gülseli İnal’s poems, and it will be looked at whether the image can or cannot use any mythological element in its own world. The relationship between myth and image will be explained in Güleli İnal’s poem. Thus, the main focus of this study will be to get to know Gülseli Inal’s poem and to examine the limits of the image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Language & Literature is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Divinity of Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Whether the words of the language are quoted or not, in the construction of the semantic structure of that language it is important. As words are used, meanings are established and differentiation can occur with the stages of words in the society. In some cases, depending on the frequency of use, the meanings of words, metaphor meanings become more used than the basic meaning of the same word. Depending on the language use of the society, meanings falling away from the surface structure are loaded into the deep structure of certain indicators. In this study, it will be focused on the words of so, just as, pot and table, which are dragged with popular culture, entered into the use of television, especially the young generation, and added new meanings to its deep structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Buca Faculty of Education Journal / Buca Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Buca Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)