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The article highlights the problem of historical aspects of the emergence of private international law through the prism of a comparative analysis of the ancient and medieval periods of its development. Factors that influenced the emergence and historical development of international private law at this time are analyzed in detail. We have analyzed the circumstances and consequences of the birth of international private law in the ancient period of historical development. The process of legal development of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome was accompanied by intensive political-diplomatic, socio-economic and civilizational contacts within the entire Mediterranean region, as well as a number of other regions. The flourishing of the cultural, political and economic life of Ancient Greece in the 5th century. to n. gave rise to rapid progress in the legal indicators of the ancient Greek political system. In turn, Ancient Rome continued to unite the Mediterranean region into a single entity from the point of view of the communication system, large-scale trade operations, and cultural influence. The author defends the opinion, developing the available historiographical assessments, about the justified nature of the point of view regarding the existence of historical origins of international private law not in the Middle Ages, but specifically in the period of antiquity. Additional confirmation of this point of view can be served by the fact that it was in the period of antiquity that the so-called Latin formulas «binding» became already known. This is manifested, among other things, in the concept of «conflict of laws», as well as a number of other legal formulas. The trend of the further development of private international law against the background of the decline and subsequent disintegration of the Roman Empire is followed. The gradual spread of Roman law took place in all Italian states, which led to the further development of elements of private international law. The emergence of legal conflicts in the process of the collision of Italian legal realities with Roman legal realities led to the process of adapting the corpus juris civilis to Italian legal practice. Conclusions are made about the emergence of the main indicators of private international law precisely in the era of antiquity, that the medieval stage of the development of private international law borrowed ancient traditions and adapted them to the realities of the development of its time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unravelling of the human genome created new perceptions of the origin and evolution of diseases, and for cancer in particular, it established the notion that neoplasia has been a companion of life since its appearance on Earth. It is not surprising that neoplasms, in various forms, develop in numerous species of animals and even in plants. Unmistakable accounts of cancer with clinical features as are understood today begin in the 5th c. B.C. The principles and practice of the Hippocratic and Galenic tradition dominated cancer care virtually into the 20th century. Advanced sequencing technologies at the dawn of the 21st century generated new therapeutic opportunities with immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy, and gene transfer, with the latter especially being used in cases of hereditary cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In antiquity, apologetic defences often included appeals to an ancient past. Fundamental to the ancient mind was a notion that favoured primitive wisdom over contemporary culture, antiquity over novel discoveries. In the ongoing clashes between cultures and ethnicities which signified the Hellenistic era, this notion was often combined with a competitive search for communal recognition and validity. This article offers a survey of Jewish authors in Hellenistic times, who engaged in this battle for old age. The article shows how various Jewish writers employed the antiquity argument through comparative historiography, in which they traced the roots of civilization to ancient heroes of Israel. The article ends with a discussion on the logic, structure, and purpose of the antiquity argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simulation was and still is a way to hide the real will of the parties. This mechanism can, in most cases, have an illicit purpose consisting of defrauding creditors or heirs or even tax evasion, but it can also have a noble purpose. This institution has been known since antiquity, embodying the Roman legal genius. Romanian private law evolved as the needs of society imposed changes, the Romanians being a very, thorough people in terms of analyzing the aspects brought up in practice, an analysis that led to the perfection of the legal system. In ancient Roman law, numerous cases of simulating a reality were distinguished, among which the claim action granted to peregrines, adoption, in iure cesio and fictitious actions will be mentioned. In the Roman province Dacia, there was also the fiction of ius italicum, and in the Romanian Countries the institution of simulation appears in the "Legal Manual" of Andronache Donici, a concept taken over and supplemented by the Callimachus Code. The present study includes two parts, the first in which simulation applications and the evolution of this institution over time are presented, and the second part in which simulation is analyzed from the point of view of contemporary legislation and the implications arising from the simulation of certain acts. Emphasis is also placed on doctrinal solutions, following the case study on the current situation and resulting conclusions. Among the qualitative legal scientific research methods used in this study are the logical method, the comparative method and the historical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the diagnostic and treatment methods used in ancient sources for urinary tract infections and to discuss some ancient practices that are reminiscent of the methods used by modern medicine with an analogy-based approach. As remains of ancient soft tissue diseases have not survived until the present day, our knowledge on this topic is limited primarily to knowledge conveyed by ancient authors being interested in community health, namely by Hippocrates (460-370 BC), Celsus (25 BC-50 AD), Pliny the Elder (23-65 AD), Dioscorides (MS 40-90), Rufus (1st-2nd century AD), Aretaeus (2nd century AD), and Galenos (129-216 AD). The study used the document analysis method, which involved analyzing original traditional medical texts, literary and historical works, and modern sources documenting the treatment of patients with urinary system disorders. It has been concluded that conservative treatments for urinary system diseases in antiquity resemble certain approaches found in the modern medical literature. The evaluations reveal that diagnosis and treatment information on urinary system disease have ancient Mesopotamia roots and findings pointing to a correlation between the kidneys and heart in ancient Egyptian civilization. Similarly, it was established that kidney disease and Diabetes Mellitus were considered interconnected in the Greek and Roman periods. Again, data regarding diagnosis and prognosis reminiscent of disorders defined as alkaptonuria, proteinuria, and urinary retention in modern medicine were encountered.

The article discusses the basic semantic and compositional principles of the location of ancient-themed mascarons in the space of the Russian architecture of the 19th — early 20th centuries on the example of buildings in Moscow and St Petersburg. They have appeared in the focus of the search for artistic expression by Russian sculptors and architects. Nevertheless, mascarons have never been the subject of specialized scientific research. The accents they bring to the figurative concept of structures are very instructive for understanding the system of meanings of some works of Russian architecture. All this determines the relevance of addressing this issue. The study uses formal stylistic and comparative methods of analysis.

The repair of ancient ceramics has become a topic of growing interest to scholars of Greek and Roman ceramics. This study focuses on the ancient ceramic repairs uncovered at the city of Myra in the Lycian region. An analysis is presented regarding the repairs made to the Roman and Byzantine pithos, amphorae and green glazed bowl uncovered in the Myros Valley, the Acropolis and the Agora. The reasons for the ceramic repair in Myra are also discussed.

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Çankırı Karatekin University Journal of the Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Cankiri Karatekin University, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Middle East Journal for Humanities & Cultural Studies is the property of Manar Elsharq for Studies & Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This publication presents the first Ukrainian translation of the fourteenth chapter of the first section of the fundamental Sanskrit treatise on Ayurveda (traditional Indian medicine) Charaka Samhita. (For previous chapters, see 2017 issues of The World of the Orient and No. 2 for this year.) As it exists today, this text is thought to have arisen in the 1st century CE. The translation is of great importance for acquaintance of the Ukrainian readers with medical conceptions and life of Ancient India. The fourteenth chapter is devoted to such an Ayurvedic procedure as fomentation (svedana, from Sanskrit sveda or sweat), which means various types of therapeutic warming: warming the whole body or its individual parts; dry heat, steam heat, hot tub; warming up with or without preliminary anointing а patient's body with oil. At the beginning of the chapter, the usefulness of fomentation is justified by an analogy "Even dry poles bend by means of oleation and fomentation, then how living human beings [can not be benefited]?" The chapter insists on coordinating a power of fomentation with a season and a patient's condition. Indications and contraindications for fomentation are listed. Instructions on behavior before, during, and after a fomentation are given. A list of medicine added to the boiling water (to generate steam) is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Water & Landscape (WAL) / Agua & Territorio (AYT) is the property of Editorial de la Universidad de Jaen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents a state-of-the-field assessment of the use of digital resources and tools in ancient Mediterranean studies teaching. 1 This includes a presentation of the results of a recent survey focusing on pedagogical practices and multimedia use among ancient Mediterranean studies professionals and an overview of the benefits and challenges of incorporating rich-format media and digital resources into learner-centered curricula. The article also provides a summary of methodological approaches that can enhance learning retention and promote authentic and deep learning, with the goal of empowering students to think critically about the ancient past and their modern world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To consider the process of formation of the pedagogical foundations of humor in the philosophical thought of Ancient times of the VIII century BC – V century AD. Methods. In the course of the study, the methods of historical and pedagogical research were used: retrospective, historical-structural, historiographical, historical-genetic, comparative, comparative, historical periodization method, which together allowed for a systematic analysis of the transformation of changes in attitude to humor from a phenomenon of the surrounding reality to an element of the educational process. Results. The process of formation of philosophical thought in relation to humor as a means of educational influence is summarized by demonstrating the development of the literature of Antiquity. The main literary genres containing elements of comedy and bearing an educational component are listed. The main concepts of the perception of humor (Aristophanes, Plato, Aristotle, Demetrius, Cicero) formed during this period are considered. A look at the Socratic dialogue system is given as one of the first humorous techniques in pedagogy. Practical implications. The obtained results can be applied in the creation of a unified overview of historical and pedagogical work devoted to the formation and development of humor as a special means of influence in pedagogy, as well as in solving applied didactic tasks in secondary and higher schools. The research materials can form the basis of lectures and seminars on the discipline «History of pedagogy and education» for students of pedagogical specialties and higher educational institutions.

Review of: Gregory Claeys, Utopianism for a Dying Planet. Life after Consumerism, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2022

The article presents a study of sacred dances in ancient culture. The origins of dance and their connection with the mysteries are considered. The approach to dance as a language born in the infancy of mankind and closely related to myth allows identifying the semantic units of dance which express the mythological foundations of the creation of the universe and the birth of order from chaos. The procedure of understanding mythological meanings is based on the identification of symmetry structures. The authors of the article analyse the forms of dance compositions as systems of non‐verbal semantic constructs and study the image of the Labyrinth in the choreographic ancient tradition as a symbol of mastering and accumulating experience with subsequent transformation and comprehension of a new development stage of the soul.

Antik Çağ bebek ve çocuk ölüm oranları yüksek oranda tespit edilmiştir. Arkeolojik buluntu olarak Anadolu’da ortaya çıkartılan mezarların ise sayı olarak çok fazla olmadığı bilinmektedir. Bu durumun etkenleri arasında bebek ve çocuk mezarlarının daha hassas olması ve çoğunlukla da tahrip edilmiş olmaları yer almaktadır. Buluntularda kronolojik bir sürekliliğin sağlanamaması ve sayının az olması konu üzerine yapılan değerlendirmeleri sınırlı bırakmaktadır. Bu sebeple bebek ve çocuk mezarlarının, gömü özellikleri ve buluntuları bakımından kültürlerarası karşılaştırmalarının yapılabilmesi daha olası sonuçların elde edilmesini sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada Anadolu’da ele geçirilmiş bebek ve çocuk mezar buluntuları arasında dikkat çeken bazı örnekler üzerinden değerlendirmeler yapılmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu buluntulardan biri olan horoz figüründen yola çıkılarak mekansal bağlamda benzerlikler ya da farklılıklara dikkat çekilmek istenilmiştir. 2013-2023 yılları arası Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı verilerinden yararlanılarak yapılan değerlendirmelerde, arkeolojik malzemenin yetersiz kaldığı yerde antik ve modern kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır.

The paper focuses on the identification and study of the features of cognitive metaphors of the past and related concepts in the Greek linguistic picture of the world. The analysis considers the nominations: ιστορία (history), κληρονομιά (heritage), παρελθόν (past) and αρχαιότητα (antiquity). The research sets main cognitive structures in the source domain that are inherent to all analyzed concepts. Metaphorization predominantly takes place around the image-scheme of the path (“sourcepath-goal”), personification and perception of the concepts in the target domain as objects. The path has a structure-shaping role: both linear and labyrinthine path models are registered, while the movement mostly occurs in the opposite direction with the focus on the starting point of the journey (the source). Ethno-specific feature includes orientational metaphor, which suggests that the past is up. The broad scope has personification (first of all, with social and professional roles), as well as objectification, based mostly on visibility or concealment of the objects, as well as on their physical characteristics. A distinctive feature is the perception of antiquities as neighbors that exist side by side with the modern population, and antiquity, on the contrary, as a poet communicating with poems. One can also highlight the perception of the past and heritage as exhibits – something that is exposed to the public and is source of pride. Besides, natural phenomena and the construction are the common source of metaphorization for the past, history, heritage and antiquity in the Greek linguistic picture of the world.

The article is part of a series of publications [1, 2, etc.] dedicated to examining the cultural heritage embodied by archaeological sites within the Northwest Black Sea region. These sites constitute anthropogenic components and serve as cultural, touristic, and scientific resources within the modern coastal, partially terrestrial, partially estuarine geoecosystems. Drawing on findings from underwater and terrestrial geoarchecological studies, the article presents a preliminary reconstruction of the dynamics of the boundaries between the paleogeoecosystems of the Bug and Dnipro estuaries during ancient times. It explores the characteristics and typology of underwater sections of archaeological sites representing ancient cultural heritage, as well as significant antique archaeological sites as well as the most significant ancient archaeological sites. Today, remnants of these sites can be found in the southern border region of the terrestrial geoecosystem, situated between the right bank of the Dnipro and the left bank of the Bug estuaries. The article also reconstructs the historical development of the research area in antiquity, shedding light on the role of natural factors in this process.

It is believed that the origin of translation activities in Islamic thought dates back to the Umayyad period. These activities were first carried out during the reign of Khalid b. Yazīd (d. 85/704 [?]). In particular, the Greek texts of antiquity (antiquity) began to be translated. Initially, translations were made in the fields of medicine and chemistry. Later on, during the Abbasid period, the translation process, which was continued by the Caliph Abū Ja'far al-Mansūr (d. 158/775), eventually expanded the field of research with the establishment of the Bayt al-Hikma. Thus, translation activities continued systematically in the fields of philosophy, ethics, politics, physics, metaphysics, botany and zoology. As a result, the Greek heritage of antiquity was inherited by Islamic civilisation, and many translated texts were received by Islamic thinkers, which paved the way for discussions on them. This situation facilitated a better analysis and understanding of Greek texts and provided an opportunity to compare them with the views of Islamic thought. One of the areas translated was zoology. In this context, one of the thinkers who was influenced by zoological texts and included Greek zoology in his works was Amr b. Bahr al-Jāhiz (d. 255/869), a Muʿtazilite scholar and naturalist from Basra. In fact, al-Jāhiz included many animals and their characteristics in his seven-volume Kitāb al-Hayawān, which can be regarded as the zoologicalzoographic literature. He also mentioned animals from time to time in his other works. All his knowledge about living creatures is based on the Qur'an, hadiths, idioms, proverbs, poems of the Jahiliyya period, and experiences of Bedouins, animal trainers, dogs, pigeon and rooster owners, sailors and hunters. On the other hand, he makes many references to Greek zoology, especially to Aristotle (384-322 BC), whom he calls “Ṣāḥib al-Mantiq”. In Aristotle's Kitāb al-Hayawān, he mentions Aristotle's views on the vital processes of many species, such as pigs, birds, fish, elephants, snakes, insects, their status in their habitats, feeding methods and reproduction. Although al-Jāhiz accepted Aristotle as an authority in the field of zoology, he investigated the information he received from him. He consulted Bedouins, sailors and hunters who had experience with animals and tried to confirm the accuracy of Aristotle's ideas. He even tested Aristotle's ideas by conducting experiments and observations himself. This situation shows that sometimes al-Jāhiz did not take the information he received directly, but researched its accuracy and included it in his own work. In addition, al-Jāhiz also included the ideas of Greek thinkers such as Galen (d. 200 [?]) and Polemon (Aflimun) (d. 314 BC) about animals in his work. From this point of view, he was influenced by Galen's experiments on the digestive system of animals; he provided information on the digestive system of animals and how they digest food. In this regard, he mentioned the experiments of his teacher, Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Nazzām (d. 231/845) on animals. Examples include observations such as feeding stones to ostriches, the resistance of animals such as dogs, wolves, lions and horses to digesting food and bones or measuring the endurance of some animals by giving them a drink. He also mentioned Polemon's views on pigeons and how their living conditions should be. He emphasised what a good and beautiful pigeon should look like and where it can best live out its life, such as in the field. It can be concluded from this that al-Jāhiz consulted Polemon’s ideas because of his interest in pigeons and their ubiquitous use in his time. The knowledge he acquired from his own culture, from many different sources, and the information he received from Greek thinkers enabled him to accumulate a deep and wide zoological knowledge. Thus, his accumulation of knowledge influenced many people after him. In fact, the knowledge he transmitted, especially from Greek zoology, was included in the works of Kamāluddin al-Damīrī (d. 808/1405) Hayāt al-hayawān and Zakariyyyā al-Qazwīnī (d. 682/1283) ʿAjāʾib al-makhlūqāt wa gharāʾib al-mawjūdāt. Like al-Jāhiz, they called Aristotle “Ṣāḥib al-Mantiq” and referred to his views. This situation shows that al-Jāhiz served as a bridge to transfer Greek zoology to later periods. This study attempts to determine how al-Jāhiz received the Greek zoological heritage and how he incorporated it into his own work. It will also discuss the extent to which he was influenced by Aristotle and whether or not he accepted his views as they were. As a result of the study, it will be understood that al-Jāhiz transmitted the information he received, sometimes directly, sometimes by testing its accuracy, and even by resorting to experimentation and observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prohistoria is the property of Prohistoria Ediciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Medicinal and aromatic plants are a consistent component of the biodiversity heritage in numerous countries worldwide. Origanum dictamnus L. (Lamiaceae family), also known as Dittany, an endemic plant of the Greek island of Crete, has been widely used as traditional medicine since antiquity, all over Europe. The aim of the present review is to provide a thorough and detailed account of Dittany in antiquity, the plant's physical characteristics and ecology, and its cultivation methods, as well as its chemical components, biological properties, and pharmacological studies. The information is presented and analyzed in a critical manner. A total of 86 research studies were systematically reviewed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The findings indicate that Dittany is one of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants, with many uses not only in pharmacology but also in gastronomy. While a large body of literature exists regarding the application of essential oils, the number of publications concerning the plant's cultivation is rather small. Therefore, the main focus of this review is on the cultivation methods and the significance of cultivating and employing Dittany in Greece and the wider Mediterranean region in the future. Further research on this plant species is warranted since it has significant medicinal, economic, and environmental value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a newly discovered hydrocarbon seep deposit from the Eocene bathyal flysch, exposed in the town of Buje in Istria, Croatia. Molecular fossils of methane‐oxidizing prokaryotes and abundant banded botryoidal cements indicate strong fluid flux at this site. We systematically describe the fauna of this and another seep deposit previously reported from Buje. The faunal assemblages are composed of eight species, these being an unidentified solemyid protobranch bivalve, the nuculid Nucula bowerbanki?, the nuculanid Nuculana? sp., the mytilid Brachidontes? amanoi sp. nov., the two thyasirids Channelaxinus dinaricus sp. nov. and Thyasira histriaensis sp. nov., the lucinid bivalve Amanocina bujensis sp. nov., and a possible provannid gastropod. The two assemblages are of low diversity (4 and 5 species, respectively), and are dominated by chemosymbiotic species whose occurrence is largely restricted to seeps. Despite their spatial and stratigraphic proximity, the two deposits share only a single species, Channelaxinus dinaricus, probably due to different fluid flux regimes at both seeps. The Buje seep assemblages are among the very few Late Cretaceous to Palaeogene chemosynthesis‐based faunal assemblages from the Tethys Ocean (the others being Late Cretaceous vent assemblages from Cyprus). From an evolutionary perspective, the Buje seep communities consist of genera with Mesozoic origins but lack Cenozoic novelties such as bathymodiolin mussels and vesicomyid clams, which are known from coeval deposits from the Pacific and dominate vents and seeps today. Thus, the Buje seep fauna support previous assertions that the Eocene Tethyan seep faunas preserved an ancient aspect, whereas evolutionary novelties arose in the Pacific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This publication presents the first Ukrainian translation of the thirteenth chapter of the first part of the fundamental Sanskrit treatise on Ayurveda (traditional Indian medicine) Charaka Samhita. (For previous chapters, see 2017 issues of The World of the Orient). As it exists today, this text is thought to have arisen in the 1st century CE. The translation is of great importance for acquaintance of the Ukrainian readers not only with medical conceptions and life of Ancient India, but also with respective religious and philosophical doctrines. The subject of the thirteenth chapter is such Ayurvedic procedure as snehana or oleation, which means anointing the body with fatty substances or taking them orally. Both oils and animal fats are used and both are applied in their pure form or with vegetable or mineral additives. The chapter begins with questions asked by the student Agnivesha to the teacher Atreya. It is noteworthy that the last was sitting with adepts of Sankhya or one of the six "orthodox schools of Indian philosophy". This is evidence of respect of the author (or ancient editors) of Charaka Sam- hita for this branch of ancient Indian science. Agnivesha's questions actually form the scheme of the chapter. The chapter outlines indications and contraindications for oleation therapy and lists substances for oleation. A description of their properties and seasonal indications for different types of unctuous substances and contra-indications is given. Significant attention is paid to the dosage and the regimen that a patient may follow. Side reactions of oleation are named and their managements are advised. It is noted that oleation should precede fomentation therapy to which the next chapter is devoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slagmark is the property of Aarhus University, Department of Philosophy & History of Ideas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Theme: Motherhood and Mothering. Ill. ©Stina Wirsén The Fox Hunter and the Mother of Pearl: Motherhood and Biology in the Works of Kitty Crowther This article examines the biological aspect of motherhood in Kitty Crowther’s writing, in particular L’enfant racine (2003; The Root Child) and Mère Méduse (2014; Mother Medusa). By paying attention to the intertextual relations and the metaphorical aspects ​​of the images, the analysis demonstrates how Crowther’s iconotext relates to a conflict-filled discourse about mothering and biology. The two works in focus activate dissimilar intertexts, which share references to fertility and pregnancy. L’enfant racine is based on folklore, such as the Czech fairy tale “Otesánek” and Queen Mab. In Mère Méduse the story of Poseidon’s/Neptune’s rape of Medusa in Roman-Greek mythology constitutes an implicit prehistory to the narrative. The two books build up different kinds of symbolism, where a common point is the depiction of parenthood as a more or less organic relationship. In L’enfant racine, it is a hen-chasing fox who lures the soon-to-be adoptive mother into a mysterious forest, and once she finds the child Root, he is literally bereft of his roots. In Mère Méduse, the central symbol is the mother’s living hair, forging an organic bond with the child. Added to this is a play with literal and figurative representations based on the properties of the jellyfish and the mussel’s defence against pebbles through the creation and enclosing of a pearl – in mother of pearl. Crowther’s iconotexts transform conventional symbolism, thus calling for a reflection on the words and images which are used in our culture to speak of motherhood.

ABSTRACT Background Lifestyle has become a major and well‐recognized aspect of modern healthcare, but there is little awareness of the origins of lifestyle medicine. Results This paper shows that a major contribution to lifestyle medicine was made by Greco‐Roman physicians. Ancient Greek and Roman doctors placed considerable emphasis on the role lifestyle played in determining the state of their patients’ health.

Statistical analysis of relevant resources reveals the expansion of the Yugoslav and Czech Sokol Movements from 1919 to 1924, a period after World War I marked by a cultural and economic crisis. The ideological orientation of the Balkan Sokol movement towards strengthening integral Yugoslavism and realizing ideas of cosmopolitanism coincides with the two main domestic and foreign political tendencies of the newly founded Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. This paper aims at defining the ancient Greek legacy inherent in the socio-political role of Sokolski glasnik [Sokol Gazette] in the early postwar period. The Sokol national movement, a sports and political organization based on 1919 foundations, lasted almost continuously until the beginning of World War II.

Background: Lifestyle has become a major and well‐recognized aspect of modern healthcare, but there is little awareness of the origins of lifestyle medicine. Results: This paper shows that a major contribution to lifestyle medicine was made by Greco‐Roman physicians. Ancient Greek and Roman doctors placed considerable emphasis on the role lifestyle played in determining the state of their patients' health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unravelling of the human genome created new perceptions of the origin and evolution of diseases, and for cancer in particular, it established the notion that neoplasia has been a companion of life since its appearance on Earth. It is not surprising that neoplasms, in various forms, develop in numerous species of animals and even in plants. Unmistakable accounts of cancer with clinical features as are understood today begin in the 5th c. B.C. The principles and practice of the Hippocratic and Galenic tradition dominated cancer care virtually into the 20th century. Advanced sequencing technologies at the dawn of the 21st century generated new therapeutic opportunities with immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy, and gene transfer, with the latter especially being used in cases of hereditary cancer.

The article analyzes the scope and limits of Hegel as an interpreter and interlocutor of the history of ancient philosophy. The importance of reading and understanding Hegelian interpretations of the classics is highlighted, as well as the hermeneutical criteria used by Hegel. Although Hegel has had a significant impact on philosophy, doubts are raised about his role as a historian and the possibility of distorting classical thought to adapt it to his own philosophical system. The text talks about the writer Johann Joachim Winckelmann and his study of the Greek language to read works by authors such as Sophocles, Euripides, Livy, Cicero, Longinus, and Epictetus. Additionally, it is mentioned that Hegel fully expressed his late philosophy in his Principles of the Philosophy of Right. Hegel's Lectures on the History of Philosophy are considered an important source for understanding his thought and address topics such as the philosophy of art and the philosophy of religion. The text discusses the importance of the philosophical tradition and progress in the history of philosophy from Hegel's perspective. In this text, the idea that one cannot go back to the past and adopt ancient philosophies as one's own in the present is discussed. Hegel defends private property, the importance of the family, and individual freedom in civil society. The article analyzes the scope and limits of Hegel as an interpreter and interlocutor of classical thought. It is emphasized that Hegel considers Greek and Latin thinkers as living and valuable references, unlike many modern thinkers who dismiss them. Additionally, Hegel was the first modern philosopher to be a detailed historian of ancient philosophy, although his approach is not as rigorous as contemporary scholarship. The author suggests that Hegel's Lectures may be confusing for inexperienced readers, but they are valuable for those familiar with classical sources and Hegelian thought. [Extracted from the article]

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Christian feminist movements, including the Chilean group Mujeres Iglesia (MI), have tried to answer the question of the role of women in the ecclesial community, in search of greater equity and justice. To this end, MI proposes to seek sources of inspiration in biblical texts. This article analyzes the characteristics of the Chilean Christian feminist movement and the roles played by one of the women members of the first assemblies of Jesus' followers: Prisca. To do so, we study the dynamic role of women in Christianity and society, from the characterization offered by the New Testament texts (Paul's letters and the book of Acts). This hermeneutical proposal allows us to affirm that Prisca is an illuminative figure for the understanding of women's leadership in the church, given the multifaceted character of her authority, mainly as a collaborator, that is, a woman leader of the Early Christian communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexandria, which was conquered by Alexander the Great in 332 BC and then gained importance as the capital of Egypt under the rule of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, became a remarkable center in terms of culture, science, trade and education. One of the remarkable developments of this period is the establishment of the Alexandria School, which is known with this city. The Alexandria School, which emerged as a reflection of the rich cultural and scientific atmosphere of the city of Alexandria, became a common cultural value of almost all segments living in the city and gained the characteristic of being an institution serving different circles of thought. It is stated that various ethnic, religious and philosophical groups in the city contributed to the development of the Alexandria School, but these influences varied. This study focuses on Alexandria, which became a remarkable cultural, scientific and educational center after Alexander the Great, and on Ancient Egyptian Religion and Hermeticism as the main movements that shaped the intellectual structure of the Alexandria School founded in this city. It is a matter of curiosity how these two, movements, with the contributions of Alexandria’s various ethnic, religious and philosophical groups, played a decisive role in the school’s thought structure and how the school’s connection with Hellenistic thought was strengthened. It is believed that Ancient Egyptian Religion, which had a significant impact on the Alexandria School, and Hermeticism, which had a significant influence on the fields of philosophy, science and literature, formed the basis of the unique character of the school over the centuries. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the intellectual heritage of the school and to evaluate the cultural and philosophical interactions in the history of the ancient world from a broad perspective by addressing how and in what ways Ancient Egyptian Religion and Hermeticism contributed to the Alexandrian School. The relationship between the Ancient Egyptian Religion and Hermetic texts with the polytheistic structure of the Alexandria School and Hellenism enabled it to be taken as a model by various communities in ancient times, in accordance with the religious, ethnic and cultural diversity in Alexandria. Adopting the Alexandrian School as an example, Christian thinkers are thought to have mastered the pagan beliefs of Ancient Egypt and Hermetic texts in the early periods. This provides critically important clues in the interpretation of early Christian theology. In this context, the relationship between Ancient Egypt’s pagan beliefs and Hermetic texts with the polytheist structure of the Alexandrian School and Hellenism, as well as their effects on Christian doctrines, will be examined. This is important because the school plays a central role in the fields of science, philosophy and literature, as well as revealing the interactions between beliefs and philosophical movements. In this context, our research will include the idea that Ancient Egyptian Religion and Hermeticism not only shaped the intellectual structure of the Alexandria School, but also nourished the Alexandrian Christians intellectually. However, the main problem here is how and by what means this interaction occurs. Therefore, the study will especially focus on how Hermetic texts and the religious teachings of Ancient Egypt played a role in the shaping of Christian thought in Alexandria, how they influenced Christian doctrines, and how the dynamics of this process worked. The study aims to provide a perspective on how and in what ways these interactions took place and aims to provide a better understanding of these processes. In this study, descriptive and analytical methods were tried to be used in a functional way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Byzantine author Agathias (sixth century CE) states that the Alamanni are not yet Christians but venerate nature instead. In scholarship, this passage is used as evidence of 'nature worship' in the late paganism of this Germanic tribe. However, in-depth analysis suggests a more nuanced picture. On the one hand, nature worship is a classical topos for the religion of barbaric peoples. On the other hand, archaeological and other textual sources give the impression that the Alamanni of Agathias' day may already have been partially Christianized and might, in fact, have been in a phase of syncretism leaning toward Christianity rather than being 'staunchly heathen', as they are often portrayed. Agathias' claim of a pagan Alamannic nature worship therefore should be seen as a stereotypical projection by this Byzantine author rather than a reflection of genuine Alamannic religious attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ar ticle seeks to expose the main features of the conception of antiquity contained in the Introduction à l'histoire universelle created by Jules Michelet in the 19th century, for which an analytical methodology applied to the text is mainly used, complemented by a systemic one that It allows us to place it in the context of the time in which it was written. The search for that objective made it possible for the following pages to be divided into two parts dedicated, the first, to establishing the basic aspects of the author and his work; and the second, to point out three issues: first, the notion of ancient history contained in that work of the French scholar; second, the way in which he developed his ideas about each people treated along his lines about antiquity; and third, the frequent allusions to events of this time contained in his explanation of the later stages of universal history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practice of reproducing and imitating antiquities during the Qing period (1644–1911) has attracted the attention of many scholars, especially those specialised in Qing imperial art production, who have delved into such practice initiated particularly under the Kangxi (r. 1662–1722) and Qianlong (r. 1736–95) emperors. The Yongzheng reign (1723–35), however, appears relatively overlooked in the ongoing discussion. This article aims to fill this research gap by examining the reproduction and imitation of archaic ceramics under the Yongzheng emperor. Both two-dimensional pictures and three-dimensional objects produced after archaic ceramics will be examined together with relevant imperial archival records in order to penetrate how antiquities would take on new forms, functions, and meanings and speak to an imagined, multi-layered past constructed at the court. Building upon this, the article will re-examine the definition of 'antiquities' in the Yongzheng context and unveil the pattern of thinking behind the illusionistic archaising practice in relation to Emperor Yongzheng's dual identity as the Manchu ruler and a cultivated literatus engaged with Han Chinese traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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