296 results on '"auriculotemporal nerve"'
Search Results
2. AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE AND FREY'S SYNDROME
- Author
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Yanko Yankov
- Subjects
auriculotemporal nerve ,auriculotemporal syndrome ,facial sweating ,frey's syndrome ,mandibular nerve ,parotidectomy ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: The auriculotemporal nerve is one of the main branches of the mandibular nerve. It provides sensory innervation to the auricle, the scalp in the temporal region, the temporomandibular joint and part of the dura mater, the parasympathetic innervation of the parotid salivary gland, as well as the external surface of the tympanic membrane, and the sympathetic innervation of the sweat glands and of the blood vessels passing through the parotid gland. Its interruption during surgical interventions or trauma can results in its most common disease - Frey's syndrome. This article is an overview and is based on 23 foreign scientific works - articles published in refereed and renowned scientific publications and anatomy atlases by world-renowned and proven specialists in their field. Review Results: The auriculotemporal nerve is a sensory nerve which includes secretory parasympathetic vasomotor sympathetic fibers coming from the otic ganglion. It is a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3). Its five terminal nerve branches are front auricular branches, branches for the external auditory canal, branches for the temporomandibular joint, branches for the parotid gland and superficial temporal branches. Frey's syndrome occurs when the auriculotemporal nerve is cut or injured proximal to the site of separation of the branches for the parotid gland or are severed themselves. The clinical picture characteristic of Frey's syndrome includes redness, sweating, warmth and itching in the area of innervation of the nerve and less often pain. Conclusion: Knowledge of the anatomy of the auriculotemporal nerve and Frey's syndrome are essential for understanding its nature and stand on the basis of its prevention.
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- 2023
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3. A rare case of the auriculotemporal and inferior alveolar nerves communication.
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Tsakiris, Eli, Kitagawa, Norio, Fukino, Keiko, Shekhawat, Devendra, Iwanaga, Joe, and Tubbs, R. Shane
- Subjects
- *
MANDIBULAR nerve , *LINGUAL nerve , *TRIGEMINAL nerve , *OPERATIVE dentistry , *ORAL surgery , *PULMONARY alveolar proteinosis - Abstract
This case study describes anatomical variations in the branching pattern of the posterior division of the trigeminal nerve and its clinical implications for dental and craniofacial surgery. The study presents two uncommon variations observed in an elderly male cadaver. A communicating branch connecting one of three roots of the auriculotemporal nerve and inferior alveolar nerve just before entering the mandibular foramen on the right side, and three communicating branches between the IAN and lingual nerve on the left side. The presence of such variations may complicate anesthesia associated with oral surgery procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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4. An infant with a unilateral facial flush
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Michelle Shi, Orli Wargon, and Artiene Tatian
- Subjects
auriculotemporal nerve ,Frey syndrome ,infant ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Published
- 2023
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5. Pulsed Radiofrequency of the Auriculotemporal Nerve to Reduce the Intensity of Tinnitus.
- Author
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Koning, Henk M.
- Subjects
TINNITUS treatment ,NECK pain ,RADIO frequency therapy ,VAGUS nerve ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,MANDIBULAR nerve ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,TRIGEMINAL nerve ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,NEURAL stimulation - Abstract
Introduction: Stimulation of the nonauditory nervous systems via the trigeminal nerve pathways can be a promising intervention for patients with tinnitus refractory to medical, conservative, and other treatment options. Therapy of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve through the auriculotemporal nerve has been reported as useful for patients with tinnitus. Objectives: The objective of our study was to study the long-term effects of pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve in a large group of tinnitus sufferers and to find predictors for a prosperous result. Design: A monocenter backward-looking group study. Results: In a two-year period, 67 tinnitus patients had pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve. Twenty- three (35%) reported reduced tinnitus loudness at the 7-week post-treatment follow-up. These patients valued the improvements as: 61% good, 22% moderate, and 17% slight. In 3% of patients, tinnitus magnified after the treatment. The odds of permanent tinnitus relief after successful pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve are 68% at 1 year postoperative. In tinnitus patients without cervical pain 62% had an improvement following pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve compared to 28% in those not fulfilling this criterion (p=0.024). Conclusions: Neuromodulation of the auriculotemporal nerve is an uncomplicated remedy for tinnitus. In a select group of tinnitus patients this treatment can a good relief of their tinnitus for a long period. Especially, tinnitus sufferers without cervical pain will benefit of this therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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6. Frey syndrome
- Author
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Audrey C. Brumback
- Subjects
auriculotemporal nerve ,auriculotemporal syndrome ,differential diagnosis ,trigeminal nerve ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Published
- 2023
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7. The Auriculotemporal Nerve and TMJ region: anatomy and function.
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POERIO, MARIA GRAZIA, ANASTASI, MICHELE RUNCI, VERMIGLIO, GIOVANNA, CENTOFANTI, ANTONIO, and CASCONE, PIERO
- Abstract
The studies on the auriculotemporal nerve in humans are limited. However, we considered crucial to investigate the topographic relation between the auriculotemporal nerve and the TMJ region that can explain some of the symptoms in TMDs. The results derived from our experience in the anatomic dissection on 16 adult cadaveric heads were compared with what literature describes from 1971 to 2023. The results confirm the existence of a particular anatomic position of the ATN within the infratemporal fossa in direct contact with the lateral pterygoid muscle and the TMJ capsular region. Therefore, there is evidence of a potential entrapment mechanism involving the ATN caused by an internal derangement of TMJ or a spastic condition of the lateral pterygoid muscle. Through a detailed anatomical description of the ATN the present study aims to offer an explanation to the main sensory and otological symptoms that patients with TMJ disorders often complaint, from facial pain and paresthesias to external ear pruritus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Nerve Blocks for the Trigeminal Nerve and Branches
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Cui, Chen, Poliak-Tunis, Michelle, and Abd-Elsayed, Alaa, editor
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- 2021
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9. Anatomy of the External Ear
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Niekrash, Christine E., Ferneini, Elie M., editor, Goupil, Michael T., editor, McNulty, Margaret A., editor, and Niekrash, Christine E., editor
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- 2021
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10. Surgical Anatomy of Craniofacial Nerves Regarding Migraine Surgery
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Konschake, Marko and Raposio, Edoardo, editor
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- 2020
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11. Deactivation of Temporal Trigger Sites
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Bertozzi, Nicolò, Lago, GianLuigi, Raposio, Edoardo, and Raposio, Edoardo, editor
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- 2020
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12. Surgical Treatment of the Auriculotemporal Nerve
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Peled, Ziv M., Janis, Jeffrey E., Afifi, Ahmed M., editor, Peled, Ziv M., editor, and Janis, Jeffrey E., editor
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- 2020
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13. Frey's syndrome: A review of the physiology and possible role of neurotrophic factors
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Sarah M. Hignett and Owen Judd
- Subjects
auriculotemporal nerve ,Frey's syndrome ,neurology ,neurotrophic factor ,neurturin ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives Frey's syndrome (FS) describes the phenomenon of gustatory sweating and is a cause of significant social embarrassment for sufferers. It has been attributed to aberrant growth of parasympathetic salivatory fibers in the auriculotemporal nerve toward overlying sweat glands. However, the exact mechanism behind this growth is unknown. This review aims to expand and elucidate the theory of aberrant regeneration in FS. Methods A review of the recent literature on nerve regeneration was conducted in order develop further insights into the etiology of both adult onset and pediatric FS. Results Neurturin, a neurotrophic factor released by both salivary and sweat glands, was identified as a possible key player in the etiology of FS. Conclusion Further research into the role of neurturin could help to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the condition and might reveal neurturin to be a potential target for pharmacological intervention. Level of Evidence NA (Basic Science Review).
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- 2021
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14. Frey syndrome
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Dominika Magdalena Egierska, Michał Perszke, Aleksy Grzelewski, Kamil Cieślak, Miłosz Berliński, Witold Świenc, and Oskar Tokarczuk
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Frey syndrome ,auriculotemporal nerve ,tympanic nerve ,greater auricular nerve ,parotidectomy ,Education ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 ,Medicine - Abstract
Frey syndrome is a condition of gustatory sweating and hyperemia related to damage of the auriculotemporal nerve. It affects around 80% of patients after parotidectomy. Syndrome may be easily diagnosed with an iodine-starch test, even in patients without symptoms, which are about 20% depending on studies. Authors searched PubMed and Google Scholar using searchterms Frey syndrome, auriculotemporal nerve, greater auricular nerve, tympanic nerve, parotidectomy. We manually searched the references of selected articles for additional relevant articles. We selected articles relevant to a general medicine readership and prioritized systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines and cases. The literature contains the latest reports on Frey syndrome. Symptoms of Frey syndrome are: redding of the skin due to vasodilatation, excessive sweating or tingling and burning sensation of the cheek skin. Clinicians should pay attention to frey syndrome in patients after parotid gland surgery. Treatment includes botulinum toxin type A most commonly, topical injection of alcohol, scopolamine, glycopyrrolate and less common surgical treatment including transection of auriculotemporal nerve. Frey syndrome is not such a rare disease and should be always considered by clinicians because it may worsen the quality of patients' life.
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- 2022
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15. TMJ (Temporomandibular Joint): Denervation
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Dellon, A. Lee and Dellon, A. Lee
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- 2019
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16. Temple Surgery
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Muehlberger, Thomas and Muehlberger, Thomas
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- 2018
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17. Frey's syndrome: A review of the physiology and possible role of neurotrophic factors.
- Author
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Hignett, Sarah M. and Judd, Owen
- Subjects
NERVOUS system regeneration ,SWEAT glands ,PHYSIOLOGY ,ADULTS ,SYNDROMES ,SALIVARY glands - Abstract
Objectives: Frey's syndrome (FS) describes the phenomenon of gustatory sweating and is a cause of significant social embarrassment for sufferers. It has been attributed to aberrant growth of parasympathetic salivatory fibers in the auriculotemporal nerve toward overlying sweat glands. However, the exact mechanism behind this growth is unknown. This review aims to expand and elucidate the theory of aberrant regeneration in FS. Methods: A review of the recent literature on nerve regeneration was conducted in order develop further insights into the etiology of both adult onset and pediatric FS. Results: Neurturin, a neurotrophic factor released by both salivary and sweat glands, was identified as a possible key player in the etiology of FS. Conclusion: Further research into the role of neurturin could help to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the condition and might reveal neurturin to be a potential target for pharmacological intervention. Level of Evidence: NA (Basic Science Review). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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18. Migraine Surgery, Zone 1 (Frontal), Zone 2 (Zygomaticotemporal), and Zone 5 (Auriculotemporal)
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Saba, Salim C., Amirlak, Bardia, Anh Tran, Tuan, editor, Panthaki, Zubin J., editor, Hoballah, Jamal J., editor, and Thaller, Seth R., editor
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- 2017
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19. Anatomical Variation of the Auriculotemporal Nerve in Thai Cadavers.
- Author
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Chanasong, Rachanee, Kiti-ngoen, Keerati, Khaodaeng, Chalit, Sakulsak, Natthiya, and Choompoo, Narawadee
- Subjects
- *
ANATOMICAL variation , *DEAD , *THAI people , *TEMPOROMANDIBULAR joint , *NERVES - Abstract
The auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) is an important structure lying within a limited area of an infratemporal region (ITR). The ATN is originated from the posterior branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3). The ATN conveys somatosensory, secretomotor, and parasympathetic fibres of the V3 and gustatory nerve (CN IX). In literature, the most common pattern of the ATN is composed of 2 roots that encloses the middle meningeal artery (MMA). However, in many studies, it has been reported that there are many variations in ATN pattern formation. To study the variation of ATN pattern formation in Thai cadavers, 73 hemifaces from 39 Thai embalmed cadavers were dissected and the relations of the ATN to the MMA were recorded. This study concluded that there were 4 patterns observed in Thai cadavers. The common pattern is 2 roots (67.1 %), 3 roots (15.1 %), 1 root (9.6 %), and 4 roots (8.2 %). Knowledge of this variation in the ATN may be useful in understanding the symptoms of temporo-orofacial pain, paresthesia of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), possible side effects from the TMJ surgery and the efficiency of auriculotemporal nerve block for regional anesthesia of the temporomandibular joint in Thai people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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20. Auriculotemporal Nerve Entrapment
- Author
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Trescot, Andrea M., Rawner, Esther, and Trescot, Andrea M., editor
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- 2016
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21. A previously unreported variant of the auriculotemporal nerve
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Joe Iwanaga, Aaron S. Dumont, M.R. Cesarek, Łukasz Olewnik, and R.S. Tubbs
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Unusual case ,business.industry ,Superficial Temporal Vein ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Fascia ,Anatomy ,Superficial temporal artery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cadaver ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Fenestration ,business - Abstract
Venous fenestrations are rare and when present often are not pierced by regional nerves. Herein, we report an unusual case of a fenestrated superficial temporal vein (STV). Anterior to the external ear, where the STV and superficial temporal artery normally travel with the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN), the nerve was found to pierce the STV. The fenestration within the STV was approximately 0.35mm in diameter, and there was no sign of compression of the ATN as it traversed this vessel. Following the site of penetration of the STV by the ATN, the nerve had a normal course into the skin and surrounding fascia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a fenestrated STV being pierced by the ATN. Such an anatomical variation might be considered by clinicians who treat patients with pathology of this region.
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- 2022
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22. Auriculotemporal nerve syndrome (Frey's syndrome): A literature review and case report
- Author
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Roy Petel
- Subjects
auriculotemporal nerve ,erythema ,gustatory sweating ,unilateral or bilateral flushing ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Frey's syndrome in children is rare and often erroneously attributed to food allergy. A description of a case of Frey's syndrome in a child and a review of the literature is provided. Awareness of this condition is important for the pediatric dentist to avoid unnecessary medical procedures and provide reassurance to the dental team in the setting of this benign condition.
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- 2019
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23. 耳颞神经阻滞(ANB)在ROSA 机器人辅助下颅 内电极植入术后镇痛中的应用.
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付君祚, 张蕊, 王军, 周君, and 谢致
- Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of selective auriculotemporal nerve block(ANB)on postoperative analgesia after the operation of ROSA robot assisted intracranial electrode implantation. Methods Sixty patients with the application of ROSA robot assisted intracranial electrode implantation, aged 13-65 years old,16
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- 2020
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24. Malignant tumor of the peripheral nerve sheaths in the parotid gland - a case report.
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Movila, Andrei, Didora, Viktoriya, Zagacki, Dawid, Braun, Marcin, Morawiec-Sztandera, Alina, and Kaczmarczyk, Dariusz
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PAROTID gland tumors ,CANCER relapse ,METASTASIS ,SCHWANNOMAS ,IMMUNOSTAINING - Abstract
Copyright of Polish Otorhinolaryngological Review / Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny (Index Copernicus) is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2020
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25. Long-term efficacy of superficial temporal artery ligation and auriculotemporal nerve transection for temporal cluster headache in adolescent.
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Chang, Bowen, Zhu, Wanchun, Zhu, Jin, and Li, Shiting
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CLUSTER headache , *TEMPORAL arteries , *PRIMARY headache disorders , *NERVES , *VISUAL analog scale - Abstract
Objectives: Cluster headache is a primary headache disorder, which has affected up to 0.1% population. Superficial temporal artery ligation combined with auriculotemporal nerve transection (SLAT) is one of the surgical alternatives to treat the drug-resistant temporal cluster headache (TCH). The current work aimed to assess the effect of SLAT on TCH patients based on the very long-term clinical follow-up. Methods: The current retrospective study had enrolled 20 adolescent TCH patients undergoing SLAT between December 2016 and January 2018. The headache diaries as well as the pain severity questionnaire of the visual analog scale (VAS) had been collected to measure the pain severity before and after surgery. Results: The pain-free rates 3 days, as well as 1, 6, and 12 months, after SLAT surgery were 2.00%, 10.00%, 25.00%, and 70.00%, respectively. The frequency of TCH attack daily was found to be markedly reduced on the whole; besides, the pain degree was also remarkably decreased. Conclusions: Results in this study indicate that the sustained headache can be relieved after SLAT in adolescent patients with intractable TCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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26. Posttraumatic Gustatory Neuralgia: A Clinical Model of Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain.
- Author
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Scrivani, Steven J., Keith, David A., Kulich, Ronald, Mehta, Noshir, and Maciewicz, Raymond J.
- Subjects
FACE diseases ,FACIAL pain ,OROFACIAL pain ,FACIAL neuralgia ,FACIAL bones ,MANDIBULAR condyle ,SALIVARY proteins ,TRIGEMINAL neuralgia ,NEURALGIA - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Orofacial Pain is the property of Quintessence Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 1998
27. Auricle
- Author
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Thomaidis, Vasilios K. and Thomaidis, Vasilios K.
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- 2014
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28. Pulsed Radiofrequency of the Auriculotemporal Nerve to Reduce the Intensity of Tinnitus.
- Author
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Koning HM
- Subjects
- Humans, Neck Pain, Treatment Outcome, Mandibular Nerve, Tinnitus therapy, Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment
- Abstract
Introduction: Stimulation of the nonauditory nervous systems via the trigeminal nerve pathways can be a promising intervention for patients with tinnitus refractory to medical, conservative, and other treatment options. Therapy of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve through the auriculotemporal nerve has been reported as useful for patients with tinnitus., Objectives: The objective of our study was to study the long-term effects of pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve in a large group of tinnitus sufferers and to find predictors for a prosperous result., Design: A monocenter backward-looking group study., Results: In a two-year period, 67 tinnitus patients had pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve. Twentythree (35%) reported reduced tinnitus loudness at the 7-week post-treatment follow-up. These patients valued the improvements as: 61% good, 22% moderate, and 17% slight. In 3% of patients, tinnitus magnified after the treatment. The odds of permanent tinnitus relief after successful pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve are 68% at 1 year postoperative. In tinnitus patients without cervical pain 62% had an improvement following pulsed radiofrequency of the auriculotemporal nerve compared to 28% in those not fulfilling this criterion (p=0.024)., Conclusions: Neuromodulation of the auriculotemporal nerve is an uncomplicated remedy for tinnitus. In a select group of tinnitus patients this treatment can a good relief of their tinnitus for a long period. Especially, tinnitus sufferers without cervical pain will benefit of this therapy.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Síndrome Frey en la consulta de alergología.
- Author
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Andrea Ospina-Cantillo, July, Helena Ramírez-Giraldo, Ruth, Yansa Castelblanco-Arango, Iris, and Cardona, Ricardo
- Abstract
Background: Frey's syndrome is a group of symptoms that include unilateral sweating with malar region and external ear reddening after eating or drinking some food. It is a lesion of the auriculotemporal nerve that is secondary to surgery, parotid gland infection or facial trauma. Clinical cases: Three children between 4 and two and a half years of age: two girls and one boy. They had self-limiting unilateral erythematous facial macules that reached the external ear, without rash, itching, angioedema and gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms; its onset was associated with the consumption of acid and some sweet foods. Symptom reproduction of was observed in the path of the auriculotemporal nerve. Their histories included cesarean section delivery owing to cephalopelvic disproportion (case 1), birth by operative vaginal delivery with forceps (case 2) and cesarean delivery owing to preeclampsia (case 3). Conclusions: Frey's syndrome is often mistaken with food allergy, leading to unnecessary dietary restrictions. Sweating is often absent in children owing to possible eccrine glands immaturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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30. A Proposal for Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Into the Temporal Region in Chronic Migraine Headache
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Young-gun Kim, Jung-Hee Bae, Hyeyun Kim, Shuu-Jiun Wang, and Seong Taek Kim
- Subjects
chronic migraine ,auriculotemporal nerve ,Botulinum toxin injection ,Medicine - Abstract
Botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) injection for treating chronic migraine (CM) has developed into a new technique covering distinct injection points in the head and neck regions. The postulated analgesic mechanism implies that the injection should be administered to sensory nerves rather than to muscles. This study aimed to determine the topographical site of the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) and to propose the effective injection points for treating CM. ATNs were investigated on 36 sides of 25 Korean cadavers. The anatomical structures of the ATN were investigated focusing on the temporal region. A right-angle ruler was positioned based on two clearly identifiable orthogonal reference lines based on the canthus and tragus as landmarks, and photographs were taken. The ATN appeared superficially in the anterosuperior region of the tragus. The nerve is located deeper than the superficial temporal artery. And it runs between the artery and the superficial temporal vein. In the superficial layer, it is divided into anterior and posterior divisions. The anterior division runs in a superior direction, while the posterior division runs in front of the ear and the several branches are distributed to the skin. We suggest that the optimal BTX-A injection points for CM are in the temporal region. The first point is about 2 cm anterior and 3 cm superior to two orthogonal reference lines defined based on the tragus and canthus, and the second point is about 4 cm superior to the first point. The third and fourth points are recommended about 2 cm superior to the first point, but respectively 1 cm anterior and posterior to it.
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- 2020
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31. Injectate spread in ultrasound-guided inferior alveolar nerve block: a cadaveric study
- Author
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Mineko Fujimiya, Michiaki Yamakage, Atsushi Sawada, Akihiro Miyazaki, Daisuke Oiwa, Koyo Nishiyama, Hironari Dehari, Takaaki Tokura, and Sho Kumita
- Subjects
Local anesthetic ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Mandibular Nerve ,Mandibular nerve ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Nerve Block ,Anatomy ,Inferior alveolar nerve ,Pterygomandibular space ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Anesthesia, Conduction ,Anesthesia ,Cadaver ,medicine ,Humans ,Buccal nerve ,Cadaveric spasm ,business ,Ultrasonography, Interventional ,medicine.cranial_nerve ,Lingual nerve - Abstract
Ultrasound-guided inferior alveolar nerve block (UGIANB) is a mandibular analgesic procedure in which local anesthetic is injected into the pterygomandibular space (PMS). Several studies have reported the clinical efficacy of UGIANB for mandibular surgeries; however, its effective range has never been investigated. We performed a cadaveric study to investigate the success rate of UGIANB injections and to determine whether injected dye could stain the mandibular nerve (MN) trunk and its branches. We performed UGIANB on the bilateral faces of 4 Thiel-embalmed cadavers. A needle was advanced to the PMS under ultrasound guidance and 5 mL of dye was injected. The cadaver was dissected and inspected for the presence of dye in the PMS; the range of dye spread to any of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), lingual nerve (LN), buccal nerve (BN), mandibular nerve (MN), auriculotemporal nerve (ATN), or facial nerves; and for the presence of intravascular dye. We performed eight UGIANB procedures on four cadavers. Dye was observed in the PMS in 7/8 injections. Staining was observed in all IAN, LN, and BNs that could be identified at dissection. No MN or auriculotemporal nerves (ATNs) were stained in any injections. No intravascular dye was observed in any injections. UGIANB can administer anesthetic into the PMS with high accuracy. UGIANB injections reached the IAN, LN, and BNs, but did not reach the MN or ATNs located outside the PMS. The findings of this cadaveric study indicate that UGIANB can provide sufficient analgesia for mandibular surgeries.
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- 2021
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32. Auriculotemporal Nerve Block
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Tolba, Reda, Pope, Jason E., editor, and Deer, Timothy R, editor
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- 2017
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33. Antegrade Auriculotemporal-Inferior Alveolar Nerve Communication in the Infratemporal Fossa.
- Author
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Tritsch T, Shoja MM, and Tubbs RS
- Abstract
Communications between cranial nerves or their branches have been described previously. The exact functional significance of some of these neural communications remains to be fully understood. This paper reports a unique communication between the auriculotemporal and inferior alveolar nerves within the infratemporal fossa. The histological examination indicates an antegrade connection from the inferior alveolar nerve to the auriculotemporal nerve, which could potentially be implicated in referred pain from the anatomical territory of one nerve to the other., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Tritsch et al.)
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- 2023
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34. Auriculotemporal nerve syndrome (Frey's syndrome): A literature review and case report.
- Author
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Petel, Roy
- Subjects
NERVES ,FOOD allergy ,SYNDROMES ,DENTAL emergencies ,FREY'S syndrome - Abstract
Frey's syndrome in children is rare and often erroneously attributed to food allergy. A description of a case of Frey's syndrome in a child and a review of the literature is provided. Awareness of this condition is important for the pediatric dentist to avoid unnecessary medical procedures and provide reassurance to the dental team in the setting of this benign condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Application of auriculotemporal nerve block and dextrose prolotherapy in exercise therapy of TMJ closed lock in adolescents and young adults
- Author
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Ping Liu, Hongzhi Zhou, and Yang Xue
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,lcsh:Specialties of internal medicine ,Mandibular Nerve ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Joint Dislocations ,Short Report ,Exercise therapy ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy ,Condyle ,Temporomandibular joint ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,lcsh:RC581-951 ,medicine ,Humans ,Closed lock ,Disc displacement without reduction ,Range of Motion, Articular ,General Dentistry ,Mastication ,Retrospective Studies ,Orthodontics ,business.industry ,Prolotherapy ,030206 dentistry ,stomatognathic diseases ,Glucose ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Oral and maxillofacial surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Range of motion ,Degenerative joint disease ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ‘closed lock’ is a clinical condition causing TMJ pain and limited mouth opening (painful locking). Recent studies suggest an increasing prevalence of degenerative joint disease associated with the onset of TMJ closed lock in adolescents and young adults. Early interventions are recommended, but the curative effect of standard therapies remains controversial. In this retrospective study, an alternative method of non-surgical treatment of TMJ closed lock is presented, and its long-term efficacy has been observed. Methods Forty adolescents and young adults, aged 16 to 30 years old, with distinct combination of symptoms of TMJ closed lock, were enrolled. Patients received anesthetic blockages of the auriculotemporal nerve, then performed mandibular condylar movement exercise for 10 min, and subsequently received hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy in retro-discal area of TMJ. Clinical assessments at baseline and at follow-up (2 weeks, 2 months, 6 months, and 5 years) included intensity and frequency of TMJ pain, mandibular range of motion, TMJ sounds, and impairment of chewing. Results Cone beam CT images of the TMJs revealed joint space changes in all patients and degenerative bone changes in 20% (8/40) of the patients. The patients were diagnosed as having disc displacement without reduction with limited opening. Successful reduction of displaced disc had been achieved in the treatment. And pain at rest and pain on mastication had substantially decreased in all patients and mandibular function and mouth opening had significantly improved since 2 weeks’ follow-up. The overall success rate kept at a high level of 97.5% (39/40) at 6 months and 5 years’ follow-up. Conclusions The technique combining mandibular condylar movement exercise with auriculotemporal nerve block and dextrose prolotherapy is straightforward to perform, inexpensive and satisfactory to young patients with TMJ closed lock.
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- 2021
36. Auriculotemporal Nerve – A Study on its Roots
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Quadros LS, Jaison J, Bhat N, Prasanna LC, Bhat KMR, and Kalthur SG
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Auriculotemporal nerve ,infra temporal fossa ,mandibular nerve ,middle meningeal artery ,Medicine - Abstract
Auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) is a branch of the posterior division of mandibular nerve. It presents two roots at its origin, which encircle the middle meningeal artery. In the present study of thirty hemi-sections of head and neck the roots of the ATN and its relation with middle meningeal artery (MMA) were observed and photographed. The number of roots in these thirty specimens were as follows: Single root – was observed in four specimens, two roots – were observed in twenty two specimens, three roots – were observed in three specimens and five roots – were observed in a single specimen. Since the infratemporal region is filled with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the muscles of mastication, important blood vessels and nerves, the variations described in the present study, may enlighten the surgeon towards the possible entrapment of the nerve roots due to the pressure exerted due to dislocation of TMJ or due to hypertrophic masticatory muscles.
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- 2016
37. Defining a Preauricular Safe Zone: A Cadaveric Study of the Frontotemporal Branch of the Facial Nerve
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Ibrahim Vargel, Arda Kucukguven, Mehmet Deniz Demiryurek, Meric Bilgic Kucukguven, and Mehmet Ulkir
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Aging ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,030230 surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cadaver ,medicine ,Humans ,Parotid Gland ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Zygoma ,Palsy ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Facial nerve ,Facial paralysis ,Facial Nerve ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Surgery ,Zygomatic arch ,Danger zone ,Cadaveric spasm ,business - Abstract
Background In the preauricular region, the frontotemporal branch of the facial nerve is vulnerable to injury, which can result in facial palsy and poor cosmesis after surgical interventions. Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe variations in the branching patterns of the frontotemporal branch of the facial nerve and the relation between this branch and the surrounding anatomic landmarks. Based on our findings, we propose a Danger Zone and Safe Zones for preauricular interventions to avoid frontal branch injury. Methods Twenty cadaveric half-heads, 10 freshly frozen and 10 embalmed, were dissected. The anatomy of the auriculotemporal nerve, facial nerve, and variations of its branching pattern in the preauricular region were investigated. Results The mean [standard deviation] number of frontotemporal branches crossing the zygomatic arch was 2.05 [0.6]. Beginning from the X point at the apex of the intertragal notch, frontal branches ran over the zygomatic arch at a distance extending from 10 to 31 mm anterior to the tragus, which can be defined as the Danger Zone for frontal branches. Safe Zones A and B are triangular regions located behind and in front of the Danger Zone, respectively. Conclusions Mapping of these Safety and Danger Zones is a reliable and simple approach in preauricular interventions to avoid frontal branch injury because the facial nerve typically has multiple frontal branches. This approach provides practical information for surgeons rather than estimating the trajectory of a single frontal branch from Pitanuy's line.
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- 2020
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38. The underappreciated role of auriculotemporal nerve involvement in local failure following parotidectomy for cancer
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Adam Luginbuhl, Neeta K. Rao, Richard A. Goldman, Brian Swendseid, William M. Keane, Joseph Curry, David Cognetti, and Ramez Philips
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Weakness ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mandibular Nerve ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Malignancy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Parotid Gland ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Parotidectomy ,medicine.disease ,Facial nerve ,Parotid Neoplasms ,Facial Nerve ,Skull ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiology ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Locoregional recurrence rates following parotidectomy for cancer remain as high as 20-30%. The auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) may allow parotid cancers to spread from the facial nerve (FN) toward the skull base, causing local recurrence. METHODS Retrospective review of 173 parotidectomies for malignancy. Preoperative and post-recurrence imaging were reviewed by a neuroradiologist for signs of tumor adjacent to the ATN. RESULTS Clinical and imaging signs of possible ATN involvement correlated with FN weakness and sacrifice. Eight patients had pathologically confirmed tumor from the ATN or V3. Forty-four percent of local recurrences had post-recurrence imaging showing tumor along the course of the ATN. Locoregional failure along the ATN was also associated with preoperative FN weakness, intraoperative FN sacrifice, and failure to complete recommended adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS Parotid cancers may invade the FN and spread to the skull base via the ATN. If not appropriately managed, this may lead to local recurrence.
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- 2020
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39. COURSE OF THE MAXILLARY ARTERY THROUGH THE LOOP OF THE AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE. Recorrido de la arteria maxilar a través del bucle del nervio aurículotemporal
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Kavya Bhat, Sampath Madhyastha, and Balakrishnan R
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Auriculotemporal nerve ,maxillary artery ,variations ,Nervio aurículotemporal ,arteria maxilar ,variaciones ,Medicine ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Las variaciones en el curso de la arteria maxilar se describen a menudo, con sus relaciones con el músculo pterigoideo lateral. En el presente caso informamos una variación exclusiva en el curso de la arteria maxilar que no fue publicada antes. En un cadáver masculino de 75 años arteria maxilar derecho estaba pasando por el bucle del nervio auriculo-temporal. La arteria meníngea media provenía de la arteria maxilar con un bucle del nervio auriculo-temporal. La arteria maxilar pasaba profunda con respecto al nervio dentario inferior pero superficial al nervio lingual. El conocimiento de estas variaciones es importante para el cirujano y también serviría para explicar la posible participación de estas variaciones en la etiología del dolor mandibular. Variations in the course of the maxillary artery are often described with its relations to the lateral pterygoid muscle. In the present case we report a unique variation in the course of the maxillary artery which was not reported before. In a 75 years old male cadaver the right maxillary artery passed through the loop of the auriculotemporal nerve. The middle meningeal artery was arising from the maxillary artery within the nerve loop of auriculotemporal nerve. Further the maxillary artery passed deep to the inferior alveolar nerve but superficial to the lingual nerve. The knowledge of these variations is important for surgeons and it would also explain the possible involvement of these variations in etiology of the craniomandibular pain.
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- 2016
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40. Anatomical study of the superficial temporal branches of the auriculotemporal nerve: Application to surgery and other invasive treatments to the temporal region.
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Iwanaga, Joe, Watanabe, Koichi, Saga, Tsuyoshi, Fisahn, Christian, Oskouian, Rod J., and Tubbs, R. Shane
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Summary Background and aim The auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) is one of the branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, which gives rise to many branches to the retromandibular and temporal regions. Of these, the superficial temporal branch can occasionally be the cause of migraine headaches and auriculotemporal neuralgia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the anatomy of the superficial temporal branch, which has never been described in detail. Methods A total of 14 sides of cadaveric heads were used for this study. The number of superficial temporal branch was counted, and the horizontal and vertical distances from the middle of the tragus to the branching point were measured. Results Three of 14 sides had two main trunks, and 11 sides had one main trunk. Each of the duplicated ATN had already branches into two main trunks as they left the retromandibular space. The number of superficial temporal branches ranged from two to seven. The vertical and horizontal distances from the middle of the tragus to the branching point of the superficial temporal branch ranged from 6.19 to 25.65 mm and from 3.45 to 11.88 mm, respectively. The communicating branches occasionally formed a loop or so-called “ansa,” and a double ansa was identified in one case. Conclusions These data can provide surgeons a better view of the course of these distant branches, so that skin incisions can be better planned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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41. Auriculotemporal Neuralgia: Eight New Cases Report.
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Ruiz, M., Porta-Etessam, J., Garcia-Ptacek, S., de la Cruz, C., Cuadrado, M. L., and Guerrero, A. L.
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FACIAL neuralgia , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *LONGITUDINAL method , *NERVE block , *VISUAL analog scale , *DATA analysis software , *GABAPENTIN , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Background. Auriculotemporal neuralgia (ATN) is an infrequent syndrome consisting in strictly unilateral pain in the temporal region associated with nerve tenderness, which can be successfully treated with anesthetic blockade. We analysed clinical characteristics and treatment response in a series of eight patients. Methods. Series of consecutive patients diagnosed with ATN at Headache Clinics of two university hospitals in Spain. Data on demographic and pain characteristics, as well as response to treatment are presented. Results. Eight patients (seven women). Mean age at onset was 52.8614.3 years. Pain was strictly unilateral (left-sided in five cases, right-sided in three), and triggered by pressing the preauricular area. Four patients presented background pain, mostly dull in quality, with an intensity of 5.7561.2 on the verbal analogical scale (VAS). In six, burning exacerbations occurred, ranging from 2 seconds to 30 minutes, with intensity 7.361.5 on VAS. Complete relief was achieved with gabapentin in three cases, anaesthetic blockade in three and spontaneously in two. Conclusion. ATN is uncommon in headache units. Gabapentin is a good alternative therapeutic option to anesthetic blockade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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42. Injection techniques for auricular nerve blocks in the rabbit cadaver
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Grayson A. Doss, Cristina de Miguel Garcia, Denise I. Radkey, and Scott Hetzel
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040301 veterinary sciences ,Mandibular nerve ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Stain ,Injections ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Cadaver ,Animals ,Medicine ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,Nerve Block ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Single injection ,Anatomy ,Staining ,Anesthesia ,Rabbits ,Cadaveric spasm ,business ,Ear Auricle - Abstract
Objective To describe the landmarks for localization and to determine the methodology and volume of methylene blue dye to adequately stain the auricular nerves in rabbit cadavers. Study design Prospective, randomized, cadaveric study. Animals A total of 26 rabbit cadavers (Dutch-Belted and New Zealand White breeds). Methods Part I: anatomical dissections were performed to identify the sensory auricular nerves and to establish the ideal injection approach and volume of dye required for nerve staining. Part II: a single injection technique using 0.1 mL kg–1 dye was evaluated for staining the greater auricular nerve and two techniques (perpendicular and angled needle approaches) using 0.075 mL kg–1 dye were evaluated for the auriculotemporal nerve. Dye spread was evaluated through cadaveric dissections and nerve staining graded using a 0–2 point scale. Injections were considered successful if the nerve was stained circumferentially. Cadavers were assessed for staining of the mandibular nerve owing to the close proximity to the auriculotemporal nerve. Fisher’s exact test and mixed effects logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results The greater auricular nerve was stained in 24/27 (88.9%) injections. The auriculotemporal nerve was stained in 7/12 injections (58.3%) with the perpendicular needle approach; staining success increased to 80% (12/15 injections) with the angled needle approach; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.228). Mandibular nerve staining occurred on seven auriculotemporal injections with no statistically significant difference in the incidence of nerve staining between techniques. Conclusions and clinical relevance Results suggest that the auricular nerves in rabbit cadavers can be successfully located and stained using anatomic landmarks and the described injection techniques.
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- 2020
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43. Evidence Suggesting that the Buccal and Zygomatic Branches of the Facial Nerve May Contain Parasympathetic Secretomotor Fibers to the Parotid Gland by Means of Communications from the Auriculotemporal Nerve.
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Tansatit, Tanvaa, Apinuntrum, Prawit, and Phetudom, Thavorn
- Abstract
Background: The auriculotemporal nerve is one of the peripheral nerves that communicates with the facial nerve. However, the function of these communications is poorly understood. Details of how these communications form and connect with each other are still unclear. In addition, a reliable anatomical landmark for locating these communications during surgery has not been sufficiently described. Methods: Microdissection was performed on 20 lateral hemifaces of 10 soft-embalmed cadavers to investigate facial-auriculotemporal nerve communications with emphasis on determining their function. The auriculotemporal nerve was identified in the retromandibular space and traced towards its terminations. The communicating branches were followed and the anatomical relationships to surrounding structures observed. Results: The auriculotemporal nerve is suspended above the maxillary artery in the dense retromandibular fascia behind the mandibular ramus. It forms a knot and fans out, providing multiple branches in all directions in the sagittal plane. Inferiorly, it connects the maxillary periarterial plexus, while minute branches supply the temporomandibular joint anteriorly. The larger branches mainly communicate with the branches of the temporofacial division of the facial nerve, and the auricular branches enter the fascia of the auricular cartilage posteriorly. The temporal branches and occasionally the zygomatic branches arise superiorly to distribute within the temporoparietal fascia. The auriculotemporal nerve forms the parotid retromandibular plexus through two types of communication. It sends one to three branches to join the zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve at the branching area of the temporofacial division. It also communicates with the periarterial plexus of the superficial temporal and maxillary arteries. This plexus continues anteriorly along the branches of the facial nerve and the periarterial plexus of the transverse facial artery as the parotid periductal autonomic plexus, supplying the branches of the parotid duct within the loop of the two main divisions of the parotid gland. Conclusion: A single cutaneous zygomatic branch arising from the auriculotemporal nerve in some specimens, the intraparotid communications with the zygomatic and the buccal trunks of the facial nerve, the retromandibular communications with the superficial temporal-maxillary periarterial plexuses, and the periductal autonomic plexus between the loop of the two main facial divisions lead to the suggestion that these communications of the auriculotemporal nerve convey the secretomotor to the zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve. No Level Assigned: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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44. The origin of the auriculotemporal nerve and its relationship to the middle meningeal artery.
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Dias, George, Koh, Joshua, and Cornwall, Jon
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MORPHOLOGY , *MENINGEAL artery , *MANDIBULAR nerve , *TEMPOROMANDIBULAR joint , *HYPERESTHESIA - Abstract
Knowledge of the anatomy of the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) and middle meningeal artery (MMA) in the infratemporal fossa is necessary for assisting concise medical diagnosis and intervention. Current textbook descriptions describe a relationship between these structures that is not reported in previous studies. In addition, no previous studies have reported on symmetry or ethnicity affecting the relationship between these structures. This study aims to provide information on the relationship between the ATN and the meningeal artery in a specific ethnic group to further our understanding of normal morphology in this region. The infratemporal fossae of 19 Caucasian cadaveric heads were dissected bilaterally and the relationship between the ATN and MMA scrutinised. Twenty-five samples were included for analysis, including 6 bilateral (12 sides, 8 female) and 13 unilateral (9 female) specimens. Nerve root contributions to the ATN from the mandibular and inferior alveolar nerve included 8 specimens with 1 root, 12 with 2, 5 with 3, and 1 with 4. Three of six bilaterally dissected specimens had asymmetrical numbers of nerve roots. Two specimens were found with a 'button hole' arrangement of the ATN; these did not enclose the MMA. Variation was found both between and within specimens in relation to the relationship between the ATN and MMA. None of the specimens examined demonstrated a morphology that was consistent with common anatomical texts. Findings suggest modern texts require revision in order to accurately describe the relationship between these structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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45. Anatomical features and clinical importance of preauricular region
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Kaygın, Emre, İkiz, Z. Aslı, and Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı
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Nervus Auriculotemporalis ,Vena Temporalis Superficialis ,Arteria Temporalis Superficialis ,Superficial Temporal Artery ,Auriculotemporal Nerve ,Preauricular Region ,Superficial Temporal Vein ,Preauriküler Bölge - Abstract
Amaç: Preauriküler bölgede bulunan damar ve sinirlerin yüzde belirlediğimiz bazı noktalara mesafe ölçümlerini yaparak bu ölçümlerin birbiri ile ilişkilerini inceledik. Preauriküler bölgenin anatomik özelliklerini bu ölçümlerle destekleyerek anlattık ve bu anatomik özelliklerin klinikte uygulanacak tedavilerde hekimlere ve araştırmacılara yol gösterici olmasını amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplamda 20 adet sağ ve sol taraf preauriküler bölgede diseksiyon çalışmaları yapıldı. A. temporalis superficialis (ATS), v. temporalis superficialis (VTS) ve n. auriculotemporalis (NAT) preauriküler bölgede diseke edildi. Bu yapıların yüzde yüzeyelleştiği noktaya İngilizce'deki "cuten point" teriminden faydalanarak CP kısaltması yapıldı. Arterin yüzeyelleştiği noktanın (ACP), venin yüzeyelleştiği noktanın (VCP) ve sinirin yüzeyelleştiği noktanın (NCP) commissura labiorum'a (CL), commissura palpebralis lateralis'e (CPL) ve tragus'a (T) olan mesafeleri ölçüldü. Bu mesafelerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri istatistiksel olarak incelendi. Bulgular: ACP - CL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 87,42 mm, sol tarafta 89,98 mm; ACP - CPL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 70,73 mm, sol tarafta 71,02 mm; ACP - T mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 15,98 mm, sol tarafta 15,55 mm bulundu. VCP - CL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 86,99 mm, sol tarafta 90,88 mm; VCP - CPL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 70,56 mm, sol tarafta 71,03 mm; VCP - T mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 16,39 mm, sol tarafta 14,77 mm bulundu. NCP - CL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 88,38 mm, sol tarafta 90,48 mm; NCP - CPL mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 71,37 mm, sol tarafta 71,07 mm; NCP - T mesafesi ortalaması sağ tarafta 17,27 mm, sol tarafta 16,27 mm bulundu. Sadece VCP - CL mesafesinin sağ ve sol taraf ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulundu ( p=0,038; p0,8). ACP - T, VCP - T ve NCP - T sağ ve sol taraf mesafe ölçümleri arasında ise pozitif yönde düşük korelasyonlar bulundu (0,380,05). Sonuç: Hesaplanan istatistiksel ilişkiler preauriküler bölgede yapılacak insizyon, enjeksiyon, botoks ve flep gibi işlemlerde rehber niteliği taşıyacak ve bu ilişkilere bağlı asimetri durumları estetik cerrahi ve antropolojik çalışmalar için yol gösterici olacaktır., Objectives: The distances between vessels and nerves in the preauricular region and some landmarks on the face were measured. The relationship between this measurements were analyzed. The anatomical features of the preauricular region by supporting these measurements were explained. The aim of present study was to be a guide for surgical approaches in this region. Methods: In total 20 right and left sides preauricular region and superficial temporal artery (ATS), superficial temporal vein (VTS) and auriculotemporal nerve (NAT) were dissected. The point were these structures surface was named cuten point (CP). Distances from the point where artery is superficial, the point where vein is superficial and the point where nerve is superficial to commissura labiorum, commissura palpebralis lateralis and tragus were measured. The relationships of these distances with each other were analyzed statistically. Results: The avarage distances ACP - CL was 87.42 mm on the right side, was 89.98 mm on the left side; ACP - CPL was 70.73 mm on the right side, was 71.02 mm on the left side; ACP - T was 15.98 mm on the right side, was 15.55 mm on the left side. VCP - CL was 86.99 mm on the right side, was 90.88 mm on the left side; VCP - CPL was 56 mm on the right side, was 71.03 mm on the left side; VCP - T was 16.39 mm on the right side and was 14.77 mm on the left side. NCP - CL was 88.38 mm on the right side, was 90.48 mm on the left side; NCP - CPL was 71.37 mm on the right side, was 71.07 mm on the left side; NCP - T was 17.27 mm on the right side, was 16.27 mm on the left side. Statistically significant difference was found only between the averages of the right and left sides of the VCP - CL distance (p = 0.038; p 0.8). Low positive correlations were found between ACP - T, VCP - T and NCP - T right and left side distance measurements (0.380.05). Conclusion: The statistical relationships calculated will serve as a guide for procedures such as incision, injection, botox and flap in the preauricular region, and the asymmetry situations related to these relationships will be guiding for aesthetic surgery and anthropological studies.
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- 2021
46. Trigger areas nerve decompression for refractory chronic migraine
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Andrade-Barazarte Hugo, Zhitao Peng, Chen Jian-liang, Phusoongnern Woralux, Hernesniemi Juha, Hengxing You, Ting Xu, Li Yuan, Xiaowen Lian, Bin Lou, Yuanqiang Zhong, and Guiwen Chen
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Greater occipital nerve ,Decompression ,Migraine Disorders ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chronic Migraine ,medicine ,Humans ,Local anesthesia ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Trigger Points ,General Medicine ,Supraorbital nerve ,Middle Aged ,Decompression, Surgical ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Scalp ,Chronic Disease ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Headaches ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Chronic migraine refractory to medical treatment represents a common debilitating primary neurovascular disorder associated with great disability, high financial costs, reduced rates of productivity and impaired health-related quality of life. Objective To demonstrate the feasibility of scalp (trigger areas) nerve decompression as a treatment alternative in the management of refractory CM patients Methods From January 2005 to January 2020, we retrospectively collected data of 154 patients diagnosed with chronic migraine that underwent trigger site nerve decompression. These trigger areas were divided according the nerve compromise as frontal (supraorbital nerve), temporal (auriculotemporal nerve), occipital (greater occipital nerve). Following extensive clinical evaluation, the surgical treatment was performed after under local anesthesia and required the release of the affected nerve from surrounding connective tissue adhesions, and vascular conflicts. Results Of the total amount of patients, 91 (59.09%) patients underwent auriculotemporal nerve decompression, 27 (13.63%) cases supraorbital nerve decompression, 15 (9.74%) patients greater occipital nerve decompression, and the remaining 21 (13.63%) patients had more than one procedure of nerve decompression. At 1-year follow or latest follow-up, 96 (62.2%) patients were considered as cured, 29 cases (18.83%) reported improvement of their symptoms, 21 (13.64%) patients considered only a partial symptomatic remission and 5 (3.25%) patients reported no change or failed surgical treatment. Conclusion Nerve decompression of trigger site areas (frontal, temporal, occipital) by removal of tissue, muscles and vessels in patients with medically refractory CM is a feasible alternative treatment modality with a high success of up to 80.5%
- Published
- 2020
47. Anatomical Variation of the Auriculotemporal Nerve in Thai Cadavers
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Chalit Khaodaeng, Natthiya Sakulsak, Narawadee Choompoo, Keerati Kiti-ngoen, and Rachanee Chanasong
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stomatognathic diseases ,Thai cadaver ,Inferior alveolar nerve ,Variation ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Middle meningeal artery ,Anatomy - Abstract
SUMMARY: The auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) is an important structure lying within a limited area of an infratemporal region (ITR). The ATN is originated from the posterior branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3). The ATN conveys somatosensory, secretomotor, and parasympathetic fibres of the V3 and gustatory nerve (CN IX). In literature, the most common pattern of the ATN is composed of 2 roots that encloses the middle meningeal artery (MMA). However, in many studies, it has been reported that there are many variations in ATN pattern formation. To study the variation of ATN pattern formation in Thai cadavers, 73 hemifaces from 39 Thai embalmed cadavers were dissected and the relations of the ATN to the MMA were recorded. This study concluded that there were 4 patterns observed in Thai cadavers. The common pattern is 2 roots (67.1 %), 3 roots (15.1 %), 1 root (9.6 %), and 4 roots (8.2 %). Knowledge of this variation in the ATN may be useful in understanding the symptoms of temporo-orofacial pain, paresthesia of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), possible side effects from the TMJ surgery and the efficiency of auriculotemporal nerve block for regional anesthesia of the temporomandibular joint in Thai people.
- Published
- 2020
48. Case Report. Anomalous Bilateral Communication between the Inferior Alveolar Nerve and the Auriculotemporal Nerve: A Rare Variation.
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BHARDWAJ, Nikha, SAHNI, Priya, SINGHVI, Abhishek, NAYAK, Meghanand, and TIWARI, Vineeta
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MANDIBULAR nerve , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *DEAD , *TRIGEMINAL nerve , *ANATOMY - Abstract
Branches of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve show various anomalous communications in the infratemporal region. Understanding such communication has relevance in the management of neuropathies and surgical procedures in this region. This study was conducted to explore such communicating branches, anticipating that they might provide information of clinical significance. A total of 15 human cadavers (30 infratemporal regions) were studied to explore such communicating branches in infratemporal region. The branches of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve were carefully dissected, and these branches were studied and analysed for any abnormal course. In one case, a rare type of bilateral communication between the auriculotemporal nerve and the inferior alveolar nerve, forming a loop with no association with any structure, was observed. It is possible that such communicating branches may be associated with delayed regression of the first arch vessels. The clinical implications of these anomalous communications require further detailed study for improved management of neuropathies and surgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
49. The prevention and management of Frey's syndrome and a step by step guide through the nonsurgical treatment with Botulinum toxin
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Lukas Fiedler
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Neck dissection ,medicine.disease ,Botulinum toxin ,Nonsurgical treatment ,Surgery ,Masticatory force ,Acetylcholine secretion ,medicine ,Frey's syndrome ,business ,Mastication ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Firstly described by Lucy Frey in 1923 the “Frey’s syndrome” is characterized by sweating and flushing in direct response to mastication. The mechanism is aberrant regeneration of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons from the auriculotemporal nerve and Acetylcholine secretion by a masticatory stimulus. This entity occurs in up to 65% following lateral parotid resections and less commonly after neck dissection or facelift procedures. This article aims to list possible surgical and non-surgical treatment options of this iatrogenic entity but should focus on the treatment with botulinum toxin A and provide a step by step guide from the Lugol-Iodine-Starch test to the botulinum toxin A (BoNTA-ONA) injection within the affected area.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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50. Auriculotemporal Nerve Involvement in Parotid Bed Malignancy
- Author
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Aaron M. Wieland, Gregory D. Avey, Tiffany A. Glazer, Gregory K. Hartig, Timothy M. McCulloch, Paul M. Harari, and James D. Thompson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma ,Mandibular Nerve ,Auriculotemporal nerve ,Malignancy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Retrospective Studies ,Retrospective review ,Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ,business.industry ,Head and neck cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,humanities ,Parotid Neoplasms ,Carcinoma, Ductal ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Radiology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
To identify and evaluate patients with parotid bed malignancy demonstrating radiographic findings of auriculotemporal (AT) nerve involvement.A retrospective review of patients with parotid bed malignancy was performed to identify patients with imaging findings of AT nerve involvement and record associated clinical findings, symptoms, and pathology information. Independent, blinded review of radiographic images by a senior neuroradiologist was performed to identify imaging characteristics and categorize patients into highly likely or possible involvement groups.Of 547 patients identified with parotid bed malignancy, 23 patients exhibited radiographic findings suggestive of AT nerve involvement. Thirteen patients met criteria for highly likely involvement, and 10 patients met criteria for possible involvement. Cutaneous malignancy with metastasis to the parotid bed accounted for 11 of 23 patients, and the most common histology was squamous cell carcinoma (9 patients). Primary parotid malignancy accounted for 12 of 23 patients, and the most common histology was salivary ductal carcinoma (3 patients). All 13 highly likely patients reported periauricular pain, and 11 of 13 demonstrated facial weakness. Features suggesting advanced disease included radiographic findings of intracranial involvement (10/23 patients), nonsurgical primary treatment (13/23 patients), and positive margins on pathology report (7/10 patients).AT nerve involvement is an uncommon but important phenomenon that often occurs in the setting of advanced disease and is commonly associated with periauricular pain and coexisting facial weakness. Awareness of the associated clinical features and imaging patterns can allow for appropriate identification of this pattern of spread and help to optimize treatment planning.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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