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How can we remain attentive to the scale of the environmental damage caused in traditional Maroon territories by the effects of the Plantationocene and the material vestiges of colonial and racial violence left by capitalism? Dwelling on conversations held with Maroon Cottica Ndyuka women living in Moengo, a small town established on the Cottica River in Eastern Suriname to support a bauxite industrial plant in the early twentieth century, this text seeks to illuminate what Maria Puig de la Bellacasa (2021) calls "elemental affinities," relationships in which humans and more-than-humans interact in composing body and earth through refractive and diffractive effects. The paper observes how the women mixed and modeled clay, turning it into sculpted balls known as pemba or pemba doti , frequently used as a therapeutical and spiritual substance, and as food. In so doing, the text deals with processes such as creating, composing, undoing, decomposing, and perishing once the earth—as soil—takes part in and renders possible the existence of diverse creatures. This is a contribution toward an ethnography of (de)compositions of the earth that sets out from the affinities between earth and bodies, attentive to certain metamorphic possibilities, the multiplicities of relations in which soils act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential to subsidize the development of areas furnished with ores is essential for producing supplies, services, and infrastructure that get a better social life quality. Bauxite mining is the foremost open-cast mining and bauxite is the only material for manufacturing aluminum metals and is used as a prominent industrial raw material. Demand for bauxite has grown enormously because of increased population and economic growth as it is required for the production of many other metals. A huge amount of bauxite residues are produced during aluminum production from bauxite ore which tremendously influences the environment and public health. Production of waste residues from bauxite ore leads to diminishing soil productivity and influences farming food yields. Soil and water are also contaminated by the addition of heavy metals, iron oxide, and aluminum hydroxide, which can prejudice public health. Microorganisms degrade and detoxify the pollutants into a nontoxic organic form that is helpful to the environment. Bioremediation has been a promising method to remove contaminants by using microorganisms. This enables the adsorption, accumulation, degradation, and utilization of emerging contaminants as nutrient resources by microbial communities for their sustenance. Sustainable management of bauxite mining and recovery of metals from wastes are mainly indispensable in this high time. This review article evaluates the effect of bauxite waste residues on the environment and its consequences on human health; it also emphasizes the biological remediation strategy for the remediation of contaminated mining areas and focuses on the sustainable management of bauxite waste residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of grasses in the structure and functioning of tropical grasslands, there is still a lack of efficient and economically viable techniques to produce and introduce grasses in restoration projects. Here, we evaluated the sod and plug‐plant production and planting of a native grass from Brazilian rupestrian grasslands, Sporobolus metallicolus, in a post‐bauxite mining. To produce the sod, we used post‐mining substrate and its mixture with commercial substrate. Then, we sowed 270 seeds of S. metallicolus on a 4‐cm layer of substrate in 144‐cm2 trays. Eighty days after sowing, we subdivided the contents of each tray (substrate + plant) into 4 × 3–cm plug‐plants. Plug‐plants were planted in the degraded area with and without the incorporation of litter from an adjacent conserved rupestrian grassland. We also evaluated the cost of production of each plug‐plant. The mixture of substrates provided greater plant growth and rooting, obtaining plug‐plants with an average of 13 individuals, dry mass of 270 mg, and estimated cost of US$ 0.0045. In the degraded area, the addition of litter increased shoot biomass gain. Plant survival was 100% with and without litter addition and the plants started seed dispersal at 7 months after planting. The production of S. metallicolus plugs with the mixed substrate and the growth of plants in the post‐mined area showed promising results and reduced costs, indicating technical and financial feasibility. The presented techniques can be an option for introducing grasses in degraded areas and optimize the use of seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bauxite mining, catalyzed by the escalating global demand for aluminum, leads to serious environmental repercussions, necessitating the development of efficient land rehabilitation techniques. This study presents a sustainable solution for post-bauxite mining land rehabilitation by leveraging red mud waste and cow manure fertilizer. Applied in PT Antam, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan, this research examines the potential of these ameliorants to restore ecological functions and promote the growth of Albizia falcata plants. Our findings reveal a remarkable enhancement in soil pH levels and nutrient availability (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na) when applying a blend of 10% red mud and 20% cow manure fertilizer. Consequently, a significant improvement in the growth of Albizia falcata plants by factors ranging from 8 to 13 times was recorded. These results, alongside potential economic benefits, highlight the promise of this approach not to only confront the challenges posed by bauxite mining but also to contribute to global land rehabilitation strategies. While this study provides substantial insights, it recommends further exploration of this method involving diverse plant species, treatments with different ameliorants, and a broader range of observed variables. The study underscores the critical role of government intervention through stringent regulations and the need for a more comprehensive environmental and cost-benefit analysis to foster sustainable mining practices and responsible land rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining activities modify both aboveground and belowground ecological communities, presenting substantial challenges for restoration. The soil microbiome is one of these impacted communities and performs important ecosystem functions but receives limited focus in restoration. Sequencing soil DNA enables accurate and cost‐effective assessment of soil microbiota, allowing for comparisons across land use, environmental, and temporal gradients. We used amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16s rRNA gene extracted from soil samples across a 28‐year post‐mining rehabilitation chronosequence to assess soil bacterial composition and diversity following rehabilitation at a bauxite mine in Western Australia's jarrah forest. We show that while bacterial alpha diversity did not differ between reference and rehabilitated sites, bacterial community composition changed dramatically across the chronosequence, suggesting strong impacts by mining and rehabilitation activities. Bacterial communities generally became increasingly similar to unmined reference sites with time since rehabilitation. Soil from sites rehabilitated as recently as 14 years ago did not have significantly different communities to reference sites. Overall, our study provides evidence indicating the recovery of soil bacterial communities toward reference states following rehabilitation. Including several ecological reference sites revealed substantial natural variability in bacterial communities from within a single mine site. We urge future restoration chronosequence studies to sample reference sites that geographically span the restored sites and/or are spatially paired with restored sites to ensure this variability is captured and to improve any inferences on recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ghanaian government aims to develop an integrated bauxite–aluminium industry and seeks to further bauxite extraction at several sites across the country. This vision is embedded within the political agenda "Ghana Beyond Aid," introduced by the country's president, Nana Akufo‐Addo. One possible mining area is Atewa Forest, one of the few remaining intact upland evergreen rainforests in Ghana. This study highlights the important narratives local NGOs use to mobilise against bauxite mining at Atewa Forest: (a) the case of environmental justice with a strong focus on clean water and (b) the foreign Chinese influence. Both narratives have gained national as well as international attention. However, the government avoids direct discussion and legitimises extraction through the newly created political agenda Ghana Beyond Aid. The latter is better understood as a future‐making practice, a practice creating a single development path that only needs to be managed. At the same time, revenue from refined bauxite finances huge infrastructure projects that are the foundation of this political agenda. In addition, this legitimation to extract bauxite appears to be powerful because it is linked to broader global narratives about modernisation and economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metals contamination in soil is one of the global issues, posing a threat not just to the environment but also to human health. Identifying the source and distribution of heavy metal pollutants around mining areas can provide a scientific basis for future environmental control. Distributions of the heavy metals (Cd, Cr, As, and Ni) in this study were evaluated using descriptive and multivariate statistics and further described using a geostatistical approach and pollution indices. The total content of Cr, Cd, and Ni in surface soil was observed with a higher concentration level according to the Dutch target values and the 95% Investigation Levels determined for Malaysia soil. Statistical analyses, geostatistics, and GIS mapping suggested that Cd, Cr, and Ni were derived mainly from anthropogenic sources, including mining and agricultural activities, while As could be derived from lithogenic and anthropogenic sources. Geoaccumulation index analysis demonstrated that the contamination that occurred with Cd posed the greatest risk of contamination, followed by Cr, Ni, and As. A spatial interpolated map showed a higher concentration of heavy metals in the vicinity of the mining area. These findings highlight the effectiveness of principal component analysis, geostatistics, and geospatial analyses in evaluating heavy metal contents in the study area. The obtained results could be used by authorities to identify areas requiring remediation management and establish scientific baseline data related to soil quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atewa Forest Reserve in the Eastern Region of Ghana represents one of only two reserves with upland evergreen forests in Ghana but is also a possible site for bauxite mining. The Government of Ghana deployed an infrastructure in anticipation for a refined bauxite agreement with China. Ghana's Government seeks to develop an integrated Bauxite-Aluminum Industry; however, several NGOs try to protect the Atewa Forest and propose that the area should be upgraded to a National Park. In this study, this conservation-exploitation conflict is analyzed from a political ecology perspective elaborating on who are the involved key actors, their relations and what strategies are used. Political ecology is about recognizing the power that actors have at the moment of deciding what, how, and where to conserve nature. Based on interviews done during fieldtrips in 2018, 2019 and 2020 complemented by an analysis of political documents, the identified strategies the NGOs are using in this conflict, can be described as demonstration and upscaling. The aim of this paper is to draw attention on the politicization of nature, in particular Atewa forest reserve and its bauxite resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining activity is essential for the Brazilian economy, representing 21% of exports in 2018, but it causes several environmental impacts, including deforestation. To minimize these impacts, replanting techniques are applied for environmental recovery and regulatory compliance. In this context, this study aims to monitor vegetation recovery in decommissioned bauxite mining areas located in the Amazon rainforest. The case study was carried out in the municipality of Paragominas (state of Pará). The monitoring used the series of a newly defined spectral index, called Biomass Composite Index (BCI), and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), both from Landsat images between 1986 and 2017. The analysis was complemented by interpretation of false-color images and by in situ photographs. The method was applied for periods before mining, during exploitation, and after decommissioning, when the traditional planting technique was implemented. BCI demonstrated greater sensitivity to forest disturbance in areas affected by forest degradation and less influence of canopy homogeneity where the forest was substituted by more open formations. The height homogeneity of recovered areas also affected the EVI data more than the BCI data, since these areas presented higher values of EVI, and some areas had index values close to those detected before mine operation. The analysis could have benefited from sampling intensification, with more images analyzed per year, to overcome the presence of clouds, which block the acquisition of surface data by the sensor. Nevertheless, the method proved to be very promising and can improve the evaluation of forest recomposition even in remote areas, besides facilitating large-scale monitoring of recovered forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Brazil, as in the world, the mining sector is expanding steadily. Currently, the sector accounts for 11.5% of Brazil's GDP, and the country is the world's fifth-largest producer of mining products. The environmental impacts of mining and other activities that compete for land use need to be evaluated. The objective of this work was to assess vegetation recomposition in an area where bauxite extraction occurred, using analysis of a vegetation index calculated from satellite images. The method was applied at a bauxite mine in Paragominas, Pará, Brazil. The evaluations covered the steps of opening the area, mining operations, and replanting, considering three types of replanting: natural regeneration, traditional planting, and nucleation, for the period between 2013 and 2019, using 2006 as the base situation for the secondary forest. The results showed that the replanting method directly influences the vegetation index according to satellite images. Several factors affected the values obtained, such as operational factors and topsoil used. The natural regeneration method was found to produce the best results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific and public debates concerning the management and utilization of karst-water in the Transdanubian Mountains have been amongst the significant environmental controversies in Hungary. The karst water issue culminated in the so-called Hévíz-Nyirád debate, which also became a catalyst for political transition, mostly on the local level. The aim of this study is twofold: firstly, to analyze contemporary scientific debates from the point of view of the history of science and sociology, and to illustrate the different approaches and strategies of the participants in the debates; and secondly, to discuss how it was debated in public forums. The two discussions have one thing in common: water played a key role in each. In the context of the urgent environmental problems of the 21st century, it is instructive to rethink our relationship with water and the environment, as a rethinking of older issues can help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The reclamation of bauxite‐mined areas can be favored by the application of organic and/or chemical fertilization to restore the vegetation. Otherwise, the impact of fertilizations on soil microbiota or plant–microbe interactions as land reclamation progresses is less understood. To address this issue, we evaluated the impact of organic and chemical fertilization on plants and soil microbial community within the first 36 months of land reclamation in a bauxite‐mined site. The experiment was set up according to a split‐plot design in which the main plots received fertilizations [non‐fertilized control (NF), chemical fertilization (CF; NPK and rock phosphate), organic fertilization (OF; poultry litter), and CF+OF combined], and the subplots received cover crops [no cover crops (NC), grass (B; Brachiaria), legume (S, Stylosanthes), and B+S combined]. Cover crops biomass yield was assessed annually with five field campaigns per year. We used phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) to infer the impacts of mining and restoration practices on actinobacteria, Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and fungi. Accordingly, PLFAs were determined before bauxite mining (pre‐mining), six months after topsoil reconfiguration (post‐mining), and after 14 and 36 months following the application of the fertilizations and cover crops. PLFAs results indicated that in post‐mining, the living microbiota was significantly lower than in pre‐mining. Cover crops biomass yield was highest for B and B+S fertilized with CF+OF at 14 and 36 months. Both parametric and non‐parametric statistics showed a temporal variation in the response of living microbes to the treatments applied. After 14 months, living microbes showed greatest response to OF, while at 36 months their response was strongest in the treatments with highest plant biomass production (B and B+S). These results suggest that in the early stages of land reclamation, living microbial biomass benefit the most from organic fertilizers. As this initial boost decline, living microbes are more likely to thrive in areas undergoing reclamation where they can develop synergistic interactions with plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mining of bauxite ore in Kuantan, Pahang has been going since early 2013. Bauxite ore contains radionuclides and heavy metals by which uncontrolled bauxite mining, can pollute waterways. These can pose great threat to environment and human health. The study objectives were to determine and compare the concentrations of selected heavy metals; aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in water as well as to evaluate the risk of drinking such water. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in residential area of Felda Bukit Goh (FBG), Jalan Besar Bukit Goh (JBBG) and Kuantan Port Flat (KPF). A total of 162 respondents were interviewed using self-construct questionnaire. Seventy-nine samples of drinking water and 6 samples of water from water treatment plant were collected and analysed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kuantan on 162 randomly selected respondents in three residential areas; FBG, JBBG and KPC. Questionnaires were used to obtain the sociodemographic background information and health symptoms. Result: Results indicated that there were significant differences in Al, Ni and Cr concentrations between rivers near the bauxite mining activities in Kuantan. The health risk assessment for all heavy metals from drinking water indicated that there was no significant risk of non-carcinogenic adverse health effect for both adults and children. Meanwhile, the lifetime cancer risk (LCR) for carcinogenic heavy metals from drinking the water for adults and children were also within the acceptable limit. Conclusion: The presence of heavy metals levels in drinking and river water at the beginning of the year, 2016 posed no health risk to the communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource estimation of mineral deposits requires spatial modelling of orebody boundaries based on a set of exploration borehole data. Given lateritic bauxite deposits, the spacing between the boreholes is often determined based on the grade continuity. As a result, the selected drill spacing might not capture the underlying (true) lateral variability apparent in the orebody boundaries. The purpose of this study is to investigate and address the limitations imposed by such problems in lateritic metal deposits through multiple-point statistics (MPS) framework. Rather than relying on a semivariogram model, we obtain the required structural information from the footwall topographies exposed after previous mining operations. The investigation utilising the MPS was carried out using the Direct Sampling (DS) MPS algorithm. Two historical mine areas along with their mined-out surfaces and ground penetrating radar surveys were incorporated as a bivariate training image to perform the MPS simulations. In addition, geostatistical simulations using the Turning Bands method were also performed to make the comparison against the MPS results. The performances were assessed using several statistical indicators including higher-order spatial cumulants. The results have shown that the DS can satisfactorily simulate the orebody boundaries by using prior information from the previously mined-out areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geological contacts in lateritic metal deposits (footwall topographies) often delineate the orebody boundaries. Spatial variations seen in such contacts are frequently higher than those for the metal grades of the deposit. Therefore, borehole spacing chosen based on the grade variations cannot adequately capture the geological contact variability. Consequently, models created using such boreholes cause high volumetric uncertainties in the actual and targeted ore extraction volumes, which, in turn, lead to high unplanned dilution and ore losses. In this paper, a method to design optimum ore/mining boundaries for lateritic metal deposits is presented. The proposed approach minimizes the dilution/ore losses and comprises two main steps. First, the uncertainty on the orebody boundary is represented using a set of stochastic realizations generated with a multiple-point statistics algorithm. Then, the optimal orebody boundary is determined using an optimization technique inspired by a model calibration method called Pilot Points. The pilot points represent synthetic elevation values, and they are used to construct smooth mining boundaries using the multilevel B-spline technique. The performance of a generated surface is evaluated using the expected sum of losses in each of the stochastic realizations. The simulated annealing algorithm is used to iteratively determine the pilot point values which minimize the expected losses. The results show a significant reduction in the dilution volume as compared to those obtained from the actual mining operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the litterfall deposition, the decomposition rate (KL) and the water holding capacity (WHC) of litter stored in the soil in two areas degraded by mining submitted to different methods of forest restoration: induction of natural regeneration (NR) and planting seedlings of native forest species (PS) with a forest fragment (FF) used as reference. The litterfall deposition was collected monthly over 12 months in collectors of 0.25 m². The KL was estimated by the relation between annual litter production and litter stock in the soil surface. WHC was determined in the rainy and dry period. The litterfall deposition was lower in PS with values of 6.61 ± 0.20, 10.75 ± 0.52 and 11.83 ± 0.72 Mg ha-1 yr-1 for PS, NR and FF respectively. The KL and WHC were significantly lower in PS when compared to NR and FF, and WHC decreased significantly from the rainy season to the dry season. The induction of natural regeneration was the more effective restoration method for degraded areas regarding litterfall deposition, decomposition and water retention capacity, surpassing planting native tree species and approaching a native forest fragment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Bauxite mining requires the removal of the vegetation and topsoil, thus causing considerable impacts on both natural and managed ecosystems. This is typically the case of agricultural activities across Minas Gerais, South‐eastern Brazil, where bauxite mining often displaces pastures and coffee plantations. In this study, our objective was to assess the effects of chemical and organic fertilizations combined with cover crops on the re‐establishment of coffee plantations following bauxite mining. The experiment consisted of a split‐plot design which main plot received 4 types of fertilization: no fertilization, chemical fertilization (CF), poultry litter (PL), and CF + PL. In subplots, 4 cover crops were cultivated in between the rows of the coffee plantation, including: no cover crops, grass (Brachiaria brizantha [B]), legume (Stylosanthes spp. [S]), and B + S. We had 4 blocks as replicates. Organic and chemical fertilization (PL + CF) combined with cover crops (B + S) led to significant recovery of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic nitrogen (SON), and KMnO4‐oxidizable SOC. PL + CF and B + S also led to SOC increments of 14.5 g kg−1 soil (0–10‐cm depth). Based on isotopic data (13C), both cover crops, isolated or combined, contributed to the recovery of SOC. Over 3 consecutive harvests, coffee bean yield was consistently above 1,800 kg ha−1 under PL or PL + CF, except when B was the only cover crop. Managing fertilization and cover crops can determine the recovery of SOC, SON and the capacity of soil to sustain the re‐establishment of coffee plantations following bauxite mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the perspective of recent bauxite mining in Malaysia, this review aims to identify the potential environmental and health impacts on miners and surrounding communities. The environmental issues of bauxite mining include, air, water and soil pollution due to bauxite dust; leaching of bauxite into water sources resulting in reduced soil fertility as well as affecting agricultural food products and aquatic life. Bauxite occupational exposure affects the health of miners, and has negative consequences on the health of surrounding communities, such as increased respiratory symptoms, contamination of drinking water, other potential health risks from ingestion of bauxite and heavy metals, including noise-induced hearing loss and mental stress. This review discusses the processes of bauxite mining, its constituents and residual trace elements, and their impact on the environment and health of exposed workers and communities. It also explores the Malaysian legal requirements and standards of occupational exposure to bauxite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explains the methods for counting the energy and material flows in the economy, and gives the main results of the Material Flows for the economy of India between 1961 and 2008 as researched by Simron Singh et al (2012). Drawing on work done in the EJOLT project, some illustrations are given of the links between the changing social metabolism and ecological distribution conflicts, looking at responses in Odisha to bauxite mining, at conflicts on sand mining, at disputes on waste management options in Delhi and at ship dismantling in Alang, Gujarat. The aim is to show how a history of social metabolism, of socio-environmental conflicts, and of the changing valuation languages deployed by various social actors in such conflicts, could be written in a common framework.

This article identifies the two dominant discourses that attempt to explain socioenvironmental change from bauxite mining in Eastern India and compares them to empirical material from three proposed mining locations. The anti-mining “life-giving hills” discourse understands the bauxite-bearing hills as an essential part of a wider ecosystem that supports sustainable, indigenous communities. The pro-mining “treasure chest” discourse, on the other hand, sees barren, uninhabited hilltops with rich ore deposits possible to extract for the benefit of the nation without harming nearby forests or communities. It is found that both discourses hold universalizing aspirations not backed up by available evidence. The technical rationality of mining proponents create sweeping generalizations resulting in unmitigated socio-environmental change, while the eco-romanticist opposition fails to see how communities and environments are differentially affected by mining. Two untenable discourses at present underpin seemingly intractable conflict without addressing wider resource politics dominated by political and business elites. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the National Forest of Saracá-Taquera, Para State, the bauxite mining is made in open pits. The mining operations involve since the complete removal of the tropical rain forest to the land restoration by heterogeneous reforestation where are employed on average 80 species. The objective of this paper is to provide an index of horizontal phytosociology dummy (IHP), calculated through the same variables used to obtain the importance value index (IVI), by ranking tree species sampled in the inventories of the tropical rain forest in ecologic categories of high, medium and low priorities. Thephytosociological inventories done in the Saracá plateau recorded 23,166 individuals, summing 796 species and 58 families. The adequacy of the factor analysis was determined by the tests of Bartlett, which evaluated the overall significance of the correlation matrix and shows that the correlations are significant to the 1% probability level, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), which shows that the variables are correlated and that the factor model has a good fitness to the data set. The statistical tests validated the data set for use of multivariate analysis technique, and therefore for the construction of the IHP, which selected 65 key species for use in forest restoration purposes, against only six indicated by the IVI.

Avaliou-se a ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) em tanques contendo resíduo da mineração de bauxita cultivados com espécies arbóreas inoculadas com Glomus clarum Nicol. & Schenck e Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall na fase de viveiro. Acacia holosericea A. Cunn. ex G. Don juntamente com Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. ou uma mistura de várias espécies foram transplantadas em tanques contendo resíduo de bauxita. Coletaram-se amostras de resíduos em agosto/1998 (estação seca) e abril/1999 (estação chuvosa), extraíram e identificaram-se os esporos de FMAs. Determinaram-se a densidade dos esporos de FMAs, a densidade relativa, a freqüência de ocorrência de cada espécie por período de amostragem e o índice de abundância e freqüência (IAF). A densidade dos esporos e a diversidade das espécies de FMAs foram baixas sob ambas as coberturas. Um maior número de esporos de Glomus clarum, e alto IAF, foram detectados no substrato cultivado com Acacia holosericea e Sesbania virgata na época seca. Isto também ocorreu em ambas as áreas na época chuvosa. Não foram encontrados esporos de Gigaspora margarita em ambas as áreas, nas duas épocas. Independentemente da inoculação, verificaram-se esporos de Archeospora leptoticha (Schenck & Smith) Morton & Redecker, Entrophospora colombiana Spain & Schenck, Acaulospora mellea Spain & Schenck e Glomus macrocarpum Tulasne & Tulasne em abundância.The establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was evaluated in two areas of bauxite mining residue planted to tree species inoculated with Glomus clarum Nicol. & Schenck and Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall in the nursery phase. Acacia holosericea A. Cunn. ex G. Don and Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. and a mixture of several tree species were transplanted to deposits of containing bauxite mining residue. In August, 1998 (dry season) and April, 1999 (rainy season) residue samples were collected and AMF spores extracted and identified. AMF spore density, relative density, frequency of occurrence of each AMF species per sampling period and abundance and frequency index (AFI) were estimated. Spore density and AMF diversity were low in both areas. A greater number of Glomus clarum spores and high AFI were found in bauxite residue grown to A. holosericea and S. virgata in the dry season. This was also detected in both areas in the rainy season. Spores of Gigaspora margarita were not detected in both areas and sampling periods. Independent of AMF inoculation, a large number of spores of Archeospora leptoticha (Schenck & Smith) Morton & Redecker, Entrophospora colombiana Spain & Schenck, Acaulospora mellea Spain & Schenck and Glomus macrocarpum Tulasne & Tulasne was detected.