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17 results on '"beam: background"'

1. Beam background study for the Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector

Author: H. Aihara, S. Watanuki, T. Aziz, W. Ostrowicz, B. Gobbo, K. Lalwani, T. Lueck, G. Casarosa, T. Czank, Surajit Maity, H. B. Jeon, H. Park, L. Lanceri, H. Nakayama, F. Buchsteiner, T. Zhang, Takeo Higuchi, G. Dujany, Rajeev Kumar, L. Corona, Yonghu Chen, Markus Friedl, T. Tsuboyama, S. Hazra, S. E. Vahsen, Prafulla Kumar Behera, H. Tanigawa, J. Wiechczynski, A. B. Kaliyar, Y. Onuki, A. Bozek, Keigo Hara, L. Santelj, P. Kodyš, K. Nakamura, Z. Natkaniec, Y. Uematsu, J. Suzuki, N. Dash, Jakub Kandra, G. Batignani, N. Rout, J. A. Mora Grimaldo, Christoph Schwanda, Satoshi Tanaka, John Webb, Z. Doležal, L. Vitale, K. Wan, P. Kapusta, I. Ripp-Baudot, M. Kumar, F. Forti, K. K. Rao, O. Verbycka, C. La Licata, Shih-Chang Lee, J. Libby, S. Halder, T. Morii, T. Bilka, D. Červenkov, S. Bettarini, Christian Irmler, E. Ganiev, A. Ishikawa, A. Paladino, Peter Kvasnicka, M. Kaleta, R. Thalmeier, K. Adamczyk, H. Yin, E. Paoloni, N. Sato, G. B. Mohanty, S. N. Mayekar, K. H. Kang, G. de Marino, G. Rizzo, S. Das, J. Baudot, S. Bacher, T. Kohriki, C. W. Joo, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, L. Zani, Y. B. Li, S. Bahinipati, Tanigawa, H., Adamczyk, K., Aihara, H., Aziz, T., Bacher, S., Bahinipati, S., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Behera, P. K., Bettarini, S., Bilka, T., Bozek, A., Buchsteiner, F., Casarosa, G., Cervenkov, D., Chen, Y. Q., Corona, L., Czank, T., Das, S. B., Dash, N., de Marino, G., Dolezal, Z., Dujany, G., Forti, F., Friedl, M., Ganiev, E., Gobbo, B., Halder, S., Hara, K., Hazra, S., Higuchi, T., Irmler, C., Ishikawa, A., Jeon, H. B., Joo, C., Kaleta, M., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kapusta, P., Kodys, P., Kohriki, T., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kvasnicka, P., Licata, C. L., Lalwani, K., Lanceri, L., Lee, S. C., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lueck, T., Maity, S., Mayekar, S. N., Mohanty, G. B., Grimaldo, J. A. M., Morii, T., Nakamura, K. R., Nakayama, H., Natkaniec, Z., Onuki, Y., Ostrowicz, W., Paladino, A., Paoloni, E., Park, H., Rao, K. K., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Rout, N., Sahoo, D., Santelj, L., Sato, N., Schwanda, C., Suzuki, J., Tanaka, S., Thalmeier, R., Tsuboyama, T., Uematsu, Y., Vahsen, S. E., Verbycka, O., Vitale, L., Wan, K., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wiechczynski, J., Yin, H., Zani, L., Zhang, T., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Belle-II SVD
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, Silicon, vertex detector, chemistry.chemical_element, BELLE, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Beam background, Nuclear physics, Belle II, Silicon vertex detector, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Collider, Instrumentation, Physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, beam: background, chemistry, semiconductor detector, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, performance, Energy (signal processing), Beam (structure)
Abstract: The Belle II experiment aims to accumulate 50 ab−1 of e + e − collision data at the SuperKEKB asymmetric energy collider (Tsukuba, Japan). The first physics data using all Belle II detectors were taken in spring 2019. In the vast physics program of the Belle II experiment, the vertex detector plays a crucial role for the determination of the B -meson decay vertices. It consists of two inner layers of pixelated silicon detectors and four outer layers of double-sided silicon strip detectors (SVD). To achieve a design luminosity of 8 × 1 0 35 cm − 2 s − 1 , 40 times higher than the recorded luminosity of its predecessor, the SuperKEKB collider squeezes the beams to a vertical size of 50 nm (“nano-beam scheme”) and doubles the beam currents. Therefore, the detectors are required to tolerate intense beam induced background due to the very high luminosity. During the 2019 spring run we measured the occupancy rate in the SVD to estimate the level of the beam induced background. With the low initial luminosity, the observed beam induced background mostly originated from Touschek processes and beam-gas scattering within individual beams. Since these different background contributions depend differently on accelerator conditions, such as the beam current, beam size and pressure, they can be disentangled. We estimate the background rate of each contribution and compare them with simulated ones. The results enable us to predict the background levels at increased beam currents and luminosity in the coming years. They also hint at background mitigation measures for running at higher luminosity. In this proceeding we present the results of our study of the beam induced background in the SVD and the prospects for future operation.
Published: 2020

2. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at ${E_{\textrm {beam}}}$ = 4 TeV

Author: Aaboud, Morad, Aad, Georges, Abbott, Brad, Abdinov, Ovsat, Abeloos, Baptiste, Abidi, Syed Haider, Abouzeid, Ossama, Abraham, Nicola, Abramowicz, Halina, Abreu, Henso, Abulaiti, Yiming, Acharya, Bobby Samir, Adachi, Shunsuke, Adamczyk, Leszek, Adelman, Jahred, Adersberger, Michael, Adiguzel, Aytul, Adye, Tim, Affolder, Tony, Afik, Yoav, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio, Ahmadov, Faig, Aielli, Giulio, Akatsuka, Shunichi, Akesson, Torsten Paul Ake, Akilli, Ece, Akimov, Andrei, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Albert, Justin, Albicocco, Pietro, Alconada Verzini, Maria Josefina, Alderweireldt, Sara Caroline, Aleksa, Martin, Aleksandrov, Igor, Alexa, Calin, Alexander, Gideon, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alhroob, Muhammad, Ali, Babar, Alimonti, Gianluca, Alison, John, Alkire, Steven Patrick, Allaire, Corentin, Allbrooke, Benedict, Allen, Benjamin William, Allport, Phillip, Aloisio, Alberto, Alonso, Alejandro, Alonso, Francisco, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Alshehri, Azzah Aziz, Alstaty, Mahmoud, Alvarez Gonzalez, Barbara, Alvarez Piqueras, Damian, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Amadio, Brian Thomas, Amaral Coutinho, Yara, Ambroz, Luca, Amelung, Christoph, Amidei, Dante Eric, Amor Dos Santos, Susana Patricia, Amoroso, Simone, Amrouche, Cherifa Sabrina, Anastopoulos, Christos, Ancu, Lucian Stefan, Andari, Nansi, Andeen, Timothy, Anders, Christoph Falk, Anders, John Kenneth, Anderson, Kelby, Andreazza, Attilio, Andrei, George Victor, Angelidakis, Stylianos, Angelozzi, Ivan, Angerami, Aaron, Anisenkov, Alexey, Annovi, Alberto, Antel, Claire, Anthony, Matthew Thomas, Antonelli, Mario, Antrim, Daniel Joseph, Anulli, Fabio, Aoki, Masato, Aperio Bella, Ludovica, Arabidze, Giorgi, Arai, Yasuo, Araque Espinosa, Juan Pedro, Araujo Ferraz, Victor, Araujo Pereira, Rodrigo, Arce, Ayana, Ardell, Rose Elisabeth, Arduh, Francisco Anuar, Arguin, Jean-Francois, Argyropoulos, Spyridon, Armbruster, Aaron James, Armitage, Lewis James, Arnaez, Olivier, Arnold, Hannah, Arratia, Miguel, Arslan, Ozan, Artamonov, Andrei, Artoni, Giacomo, Artz, Sebastian, Asai, Shoji, Asbah, Nedaa, Ashkenazi, Adi, Asimakopoulou, Eleni Myrto, Asquith, Lily, Assamagan, Ketevi, Astalos, Robert, Atkin, Ryan Justin, Atkinson, Markus, Atlay, Naim Bora, Augsten, Kamil, Avolio, Giuseppe, Avramidou, Rachel Maria, Axen, Bradley, Ayoub, Mohamad Kassem, Azuelos, Georges, Baas, Alessandra, Baca, Matthew John, Bachacou, Henri, Bachas, Konstantinos, Backes, Moritz, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bahmani, Marzieh, Baluch Bahrasemani, Sina, Bailey, Adam, Baines, John, Bajic, Milena, Baker, Keith, Bakker, Pepijn Johannes, Bakshi Gupta, Debottam, Baldin, Evgenii, Balek, Petr, Balli, Fabrice, Balunas, William Keaton, Banas, Elzbieta, Bandyopadhyay, Anjishnu, Banerjee, Swagato, Bannoura, Arwa, Barak, Liron, Barbe, William Mickael, Barberio, Elisabetta Luigia, Barberis, Dario, Barbero, Marlon, Barillari, Teresa, Barisits, Martin-Stefan, Barkeloo, Jason Tylor Colt, Barklow, Timothy, Barlow, Nick, Barnea, Rotem, Barnes, Sarah Louise, Barnett, Bruce, Barnett, Michael, Blenessy, Zuzana, Baroncelli, Antonio, Barone, Gaetano, Barr, Alan, Barranco Navarro, Laura, Barreiro, Fernando, Barreiro Guimaraes Da Costa, Joao, Bartoldus, Rainer, Barton, Adam Edward, Bartos, Pavol, Basalaev, Artem, Bassalat, Ahmed, Bates, Richard, Batista, Santiago Juan, Batlamous, Souad, Batley, Richard, Battaglia, Marco, Bauce, Matteo, Bauer, Florian, Bauer, Kevin Thomas, Bawa, Harinder Singh, Beacham, James Baker, Beattie, Michael David, Beau, Tristan, Beauchemin, Pierre-Hugues, Bechtle, Philip, Beck, Helge Christoph, Beck, Hans Peter, Becker, Anne Kathrin, Becker, Maurice, Becot, Cyril, Beddall, Ayda, Beddall, Andrew, Bednyakov, Vadim, Bedognetti, Matteo, Bee, Christopher, Beermann, Thomas Alfons, Begalli, Marcia, Begel, Michael, Behera, Arabinda, Behr, Katharina, Bell, Andrew Stuart, Bella, Gideon, Bellagamba, Lorenzo, Bellerive, Alain, Bellomo, Massimiliano, Belotskiy, Konstantin, Belyaev, Nikita, Benary, Odette, Benchekroun, Driss, 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Black, James, Black, Kevin, Blair, Robert, Blazek, Tomas, Bloch, Ingo, Blocker, Craig, Blue, Andrew, Blumenschein, Ulrike, Blunier, Sylvain, Bobbink, Gerjan, Bobrovnikov, Victor, Bocchetta, Simona Serena, Bocci, Andrea, Boerner, Daniela, Bogavac, Danijela, Bogdanchikov, Alexander, Bohm, Christian, Boisvert, Veronique, Bokan, Petar, Bold, Tomasz, Boldyrev, Alexey, Bolz, Arthur Eugen, Bomben, Marco, Bona, Marcella, Bonilla, Johan Sebastian, Boonekamp, Maarten, Borisov, Anatoly, Borissov, Guennadi, Bortfeldt, Jonathan, Bortoletto, Daniela, Bortolotto, Valerio, Boscherini, Davide, Bosman, Martine, Bossio Sola, Jonathan David, Boudreau, Joseph, Bouhova-Thacker, Evelina Vassileva, Boumediene, Djamel Eddine, Bourdarios, Claire, Boutle, Sarah Kate, Boveia, Antonio, Boyd, James, Boyko, Igor, Bozson, Adam James, Bracinik, Juraj, Brahimi, Nihal, Brandt, Andrew, Brandt, Gerhard, Brandt, Oleg, Braren, Frued, Bratzler, Uwe, Brau, Benjamin, Brau, James, Breaden Madden, William Dmitri, Brendlinger, Kurt, Brennan, Amelia Jean, Brenner, Lydia, Brenner, Richard, Bressler, Shikma, Brickwedde, Bernard, Briglin, Daniel Lawrence, Britton, Dave, Britzger, Daniel Andreas, Brock, Ian, Brock, Raymond, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooks, Timothy, Brooks, William, Brost, Elizabeth, Broughton, James, Bruce, Roderik, Bruckman De Renstrom, Pawel, Bruncko, Dusan, Bruni, Alessia, Bruni, Graziano, Bruni, Lucrezia Stella, Bruno, Salvatore, Brunt, Benjamin Hylton, Bruschi, Marco, Bruscino, Nello, Bryant, Patrick, Bryngemark, Lene, Buanes, Trygve, Buat, Quentin, Buchholz, Peter, Buckley, Andrew, Budagov, Ioulian, Bugge, Magnar Kopangen, Buehrer, Felix, Bulekov, Oleg, Bullock, Daniel, Burch, Tyler James, Burdin, Sergey, Burgard, Carsten Daniel, Burger, Angela Maria, Burghgrave, Blake, Burka, Klaudia, Burke, Stephen, Burmeister, Ingo, Burr, Jonathan Thomas, Buescher, Daniel, Buescher, Volker, Buschmann, Eric, Bussey, Peter, Butler, John, Buttar, Craig, Butterworth, Jonathan, Butti, Pierfrancesco, Buttinger, William, Buzatu, Adrian, Buzykaev, Aleksey, Cabras, Grazia, Cabrera Urban, Susana, Caforio, Davide, Cai, Huacheng, Cairo, Valentina Maria, Cakir, Orhan, Calace, Noemi, Calafiura, Paolo, Calandri, Alessandro, Calderini, Giovanni, Calfayan, Philippe, Callea, Giuseppe, Caloba, Luiz, Calvente Lopez, Sergio, Calvet, David, Calvet, Samuel, Calvet, Thomas Philippe, Calvetti, Milene, Camacho Toro, Reina, Camarda, Stefano, Camarri, Paolo, Cameron, David, Caminal Armadans, Roger, Camincher, Clement, Campana, Simone, Campanelli, Mario, Camplani, Alessandra, Campoverde, Angel, Canale, Vincenzo, Cano Bret, Marc, Cantero, Josu, Cao, Tingting, Cao, Yumeng, Capeans Garrido, Maria Del Mar, Caprini, Irinel, Caprini, Mihai, Capua, Marcella, Carbone, Ryne Michael, Cardarelli, Roberto, Cardillo, Fabio, Carli, Ina, Carli, Tancredi, Carlino, Gianpaolo, Carlson, Benjamin Taylor, Carminati, Leonardo, Carney, Rebecca, Caron, Sascha, Carquin, Edson, Carra, Sonia, Carrillo Montoya, German David, Casadei, Diego, Casado, Maria Pilar, Casha, Albert Francis, Casolino, Mirkoantonio, Casper, David William, Castelijn, Remco, Castillo Gimenez, Victoria, Castro, Nuno Filipe, Catinaccio, Andrea, Catmore, James, Cattai, Ariella, Caudron, Julien, Cavaliere, Viviana, Cavallaro, Emanuele, Cavalli, Donatella, Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo, Cavasinni, Vincenzo, Celebi, Emre, Ceradini, Filippo, Cerda Alberich, Leonor, Santiago Cerqueira, Augusto, Cerri, Alessandro, Cerrito, Lucio, Cerutti, Fabio, Cervelli, Alberto, Cetin, Serkant Ali, Chafaq, Aziz, Chakraborty, Dhiman, Chan, Stephen Kam-Wah, Chan, Wing Sheung, Chan, Yat Long, Chang, Philip, Chapman, John Derek, Charlton, Dave, Chau, Chav Chhiv, Chavez Barajas, Carlos Alberto, Che, Siinn, Chegwidden, Andrew, Chekanov, Sergei, Chekulaev, Sergey, Chelkov, Gueorgui, Chelstowska, Magda Anna, Chen, Cheng, Chen, Chunhui, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Jing, Chen, Jue, Chen, Shion, Chen, Shenjian, Chen, Xin, Chen, Ye, Chen, Yu-Heng, Cheng, Hok Chuen, Cheng, Huajie, Cheplakov, Alexander, Cheremushkina, Evgenia, Cherkaoui El Moursli, Rajaa, Cheu, Elliott, Cheung, Kingman, Chevalier, Laurent, Chiarella, Vitaliano, Chiarelli, Giorgio, Chiodini, Gabriele, Chisholm, Andrew, Chitan, Adrian, Chiu, I-Huan, Chiu, Yu Him Justin, Chizhov, Mihail, Choi, Kyungeon, Chomont, Arthur Rene, Chouridou, Sofia, Chow, Yun Sang, Christodoulou, Valentinos, Chu, Ming Chung, Chudoba, Jiri, Chuinard, Annabelle Julia, Chwastowski, Janusz, Chytka, Ladislav, Cinca, Diane, Cindro, Vladimir, Cioara, Irina Antonela, Ciocio, Alessandra, Cirotto, Francesco, Citron, Zvi Hirsh, Citterio, Mauro, Clark, Allan G, Clark, Michael Ryan, Clark, Philip James, Clement, Christophe, Coadou, Yann, Cobal, Marina, Coccaro, Andrea, Cochran, James H, Coimbra, Artur Cardoso, Colasurdo, Luca, Cole, Brian, Colijn, Auke-Pieter, Collot, Johann, Conde Muino, Patricia, Coniavitis, Elias, Connell, Simon Henry, Connelly, Ian, Constantinescu, Serban, Conventi, Francesco, Cooper-Sarkar, Amanda, Cormier, Felix, Cormier, Kyle James Read, Corradi, Massimo, Corrigan, Eric Edward, Corriveau, Francois, Cortes-Gonzalez, Arely, Costa, Maria Jose, Costanzo, Davide, Cottin, Giovanna, Cowan, Glen, Cox, Brian, Crane, Jonathan, Cranmer, Kyle, Crawley, Samuel Joseph, Creager, Rachael Ann, Cree, Graham, Crépé-Renaudin, Sabine, Crescioli, Francesco, Cristinziani, Markus, Croft, Vincent, Crosetti, Giovanni, Cueto Gomez, Ana Rosario, Cuhadar Donszelmann, Tulay, Cukierman, Aviv Ruben, Curatolo, Maria, Cuth, Jakub, Czekierda, Sabina, Czodrowski, Patrick, Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, Mario Jose, Da Via, Cinzia, Dabrowski, Wladyslaw, Dado, Tomas, Dahbi, Salah-Eddine, Dai, Tiesheng, Dallaire, Frederick, Dallapiccola, Carlo, Dam, Mogens, D'amen, Gabriele, Dandoy, Jeffrey Rogers, Daneri, Maria Florencia, Dang, Nguyen Phuong, Dann, Nicholas Stuart, Danninger, Matthias, Dao, Valerio, Darbo, Giovanni, Darmora, Smita, Dartsi, Olympia, Dattagupta, Aparajita, Daubney, Thomas, D'Auria, Saverio, Davey, Will, David, Claire, Davidek, Tomas, Davis, Douglas, Dawe, Edmund, Dawson, Ian, De, Kaushik, De Asmundis, Riccardo, De Benedetti, Abraham, De Castro, Stefano, De Cecco, Sandro, De Groot, Nicolo, De Jong, Paul, De La Torre, Hector, De Lorenzi, Francesco, De Maria, Antonio, De Pedis, Daniele, De Salvo, Alessandro, De Sanctis, Umberto, De Santo, Antonella, De Vasconcelos Corga, Kevin, De Vivie De Regie, Jean-Baptiste, Debenedetti, Chiara, Dedovich, Dmitri, Dehghanian, Nooshin, Del Gaudio, Michela, Del Peso, Jose, Delgove, David, Deliot, Frederic, Delitzsch, Chris Malena, Della Pietra, Massimo, Della Volpe, Domenico, Dell'Acqua, Andrea, Dell'Asta, Lidia, Delmastro, Marco, Delporte, Charles, Delsart, Pierre-Antoine, Demarco, David, Demers, Sarah, Demichev, Mikhail, Denisov, Sergey, Denysiuk, Denys, D'eramo, Louis, Derendarz, Dominik, Derkaoui, Jamal Eddine, Derue, Frederic, Dervan, Paul, Desch, Klaus Kurt, Deterre, Cecile, Dette, Karola, Devesa, Maria Roberta, Deviveiros, Pier-Olivier, Dewhurst, Alastair, Dhaliwal, Saminder, Di Bello, Francesco Armando, Di Ciaccio, Anna, Di Ciaccio, Lucia, Di Clemente, William Kennedy, Di Donato, Camilla, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Micco, Biagio, Di Nardo, Roberto, Di Petrillo, Karri Folan, Di Simone, Andrea, Di Sipio, Riccardo, Di Valentino, David, Diaconu, Cristinel, Diamond, Miriam, De Almeida Dias, Flavia, Dias DO Vale, Tiago, Diaz, Marco Aurelio, Dickinson, Jennet, Diehl, Edward, Dietrich, Janet, Díez Cornell, Sergio, Dimitrievska, Aleksandra, Dingfelder, Jochen, Dittus, Fido, Djama, Fares, Djobava, Tamar, Djuvsland, Julia Isabell, Barros Do Vale, Maria Aline, Dobre, Monica, Dodsworth, David, Doglioni, Caterina, Dolejsi, Jiri, Dolezal, Zdenek, Donadelli, Marisilvia, Donini, Julien, D'onofrio, Adelina, D'Onofrio, Monica, Dopke, Jens, Doria, Alessandra, Dova, Maria-Teresa, Doyle, Tony, Drechsler, Eric, Dreyer, Etienne, Dreyer, Timo, Dris, Manolis, Du, Yanyan, Duarte Campderros, Jorge, Dubinin, Filipp, Dubreuil, Arnaud, Duchovni, Ehud, Duckeck, Guenter, Ducourthial, Audrey, Ducu, Otilia Anamaria, Duda, Dominik, Dudarev, Alexey, Dudder, Andreas Christian, Duffield, Emily Marie, Duflot, Laurent, Duehrssen, Michael, Dulsen, Carsten, Dumancic, Mirta, Dumitriu, Ana Elena, Duncan, Anna Kathryn, Dunford, Monica, Duperrin, Arnaud, Duran Yildiz, Hatice, Dueren, Michael, Durglishvili, Archil, Duschinger, Dirk, Dutta, Baishali, Duvnjak, Damir, Dyndal, Mateusz, Dziedzic, Bartosz Sebastian, Eckardt, Christoph, Ecker, Katharina Maria, Edgar, Ryan Christopher, Eifert, Till, Eigen, Gerald, Einsweiler, Kevin, Ekelof, Tord, El Kacimi, Mohamed, El Kosseifi, Rima, Ellajosyula, Venugopal, Ellert, Mattias, Ellinghaus, Frank, Elliot, Alison, Ellis, Nicolas, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elsing, Markus, Emeliyanov, Dmitry, Enari, Yuji, Ennis, Joseph Stanford, Epland, Matthew Berg, Erdmann, Johannes, Ereditato, Antonio, Errede, Steven, Escalier, Marc, Escobar, Carlos, Esposito, Bellisario, Estrada Pastor, Oscar, Etienvre, Anne-Isabelle, Etzion, Erez, Evans, Hal, Ezhilov, Alexey, Ezzi, Mohammed, Fabbri, Federica, Fabbri, Laura, Fabiani, Veronica, Facini, Gabriel John, Faisca Rodrigues Pereira, Rui Miguel, Fakhrutdinov, Rinat, Falciano, Speranza, Falke, Peter Johannes, Falke, Saskia, Faltova, Jana, Fang, Yaquan, Fanti, Marcello, Farbin, Amir, Farilla, Addolorata, Farina, Edoardo Maria, Farooque, Trisha, FARRELL, Steven, Farrington, Sinead, Farthouat, Philippe, Fassi, Farida, Fassnacht, Patrick, Fassouliotis, Dimitrios, Faucci Giannelli, Michele, Favareto, Andrea, Fawcett, William James, Fayard, Louis, Fedin, Oleg, Fedorko, Woiciech, Feickert, Matthew, Feigl, Simon, Feligioni, Lorenzo, Feng, Cunfeng, Feng, Eric, Feng, Minyu, Fenton, Michael James, Fenyuk, Alexander, Feremenga, Last, Ferrando, James, Ferrari, Arnaud, Ferrari, Pamela, Ferrari, Roberto, Ferreira De Lima, Danilo Enoque, Ferrer, Antonio, Ferrere, Didier, Ferretti, Claudio, Fiedler, Frank, Filipcic, Andrej, Filthaut, Frank, Fincke-Keeler, Margret, Finelli, Kevin Daniel, Fiolhais, Miguel, Fiorini, Luca, Fischer, Cora, Fisher, Wade Cameron, Flaschel, Nils, Fleck, Ivor, Fleischmann, Philipp, Fletcher, Rob Roy Mac Gregor, Flick, Tobias, Flierl, Bernhard Matthias, Flores, Lucas Macrorie, Flores Castillo, Luis, Fomin, Nikolai, Forcolin, Giulio Tiziano, Formica, Andrea, Foerster, Fabian Alexander, Forti, Alessandra, Foster, Andrew Geoffrey, Fournier, Daniel, Fox, Harald, Fracchia, Silvia, Francavilla, Paolo, Franchini, Matteo, Franchino, Silvia, Francis, David, Franconi, Laura, Franklin, Melissa, Frate, Meghan, Fraternali, Marco, Freeborn, David, Fressard-Batraneanu, Silvia Maria, Freund, Benjamin, Spolidoro Freund, Werner, Froidevaux, Daniel, Frost, James, Fukunaga, Chikara, Fusayasu, Takahiro, Fuster, Juan, Gabizon, Ofir, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Gabrielli, Andrea, Gach, Grzegorz Pawel, Gadatsch, Stefan, Gadow, Paul Philipp, Gagliardi, Guido, Gagnon, Louis Guillaume, Galea, Cristina, Galhardo, Bruno, Gallas, Elizabeth, Gallop, Bruce, Gallus, Petr, Galster, Gorm Aske Gram, Gamboa Goni, Rodrigo, Gan, KK, Ganguly, Sanmay, Gao, Yanyan, Gao, Yongsheng, Garcia, Carmen, García Navarro, José Enrique, Garcia Pascual, Juan Antonio, Garcia-Sciveres, Maurice, Gardner, Robert, Garelli, Nicoletta, Garonne, Vincent, Gasnikova, Ksenia, Gaudiello, Andrea, Gaudio, Gabriella, Gavrilenko, Igor, Gavrilyuk, Alexander, Gay, Colin, Gaycken, Goetz, Gazis, Evangelos, Gee, Norman, Geisen, Jannik, Geisen, Marc, Geisler, Manuel Patrice, Gellerstedt, Karl, Gemme, Claudia, Genest, Marie-Helene, Geng, Cong, Gentile, Simonetta, Gentsos, Christos, George, Simon, Gerbaudo, Davide, Gessner, Gregor, Ghasemi, Sara, Ghneimat, Mazuza, Giacobbe, Benedetto, Giagu, Stefano, Giangiacomi, Nico, Giannetti, Paola, Gibson, Stephen, Gignac, Matthew, Gillberg, Dag Ingemar, Gilles, Geoffrey, Gingrich, Douglas, Giordani, MarioPaolo, Giorgi, Filippo Maria, Giraud, Pierre-Francois, Giromini, Paolo, Giugliarelli, Gilberto, Giugni, Danilo, Giuli, Francesco, Giulini, Maddalena, Gkaitatzis, Stamatios, 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Nemethy, Peter, Nessi, Marzio, Neubauer, Mark, Neumann, Manuel, Newman, Paul, Ng, Tsz Yu, Ng, Yan Wing, Nguyen, Hoang Dai Nghia, Nguyen Manh, Tuan, Nibigira, Emery, Nickerson, Richard, Nicolaidou, Rosy, Nielsen, Jason, Nikiforou, Nikiforos, Nikolaenko, Vladimir, Nikolic-Audit, Irena, Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos, Nilsson, Paul, Ninomiya, Yoichi, Nisati, Aleandro, Nishu, Nishu, Nisius, Richard, Nitsche, Isabel, Nitta, Tatsumi, Nobe, Takuya, Noguchi, Yohei, Nomachi, Masaharu, Nomidis, Ioannis, Nomura, Marcelo Ayumu, Nooney, Tamsin, Nordberg, Markus, BIN NORJOHARUDDEEN, Nurfikri, Novak, Tadej, Novgorodova, Olga, Novotny, Radek, Nozaki, Mitsuaki, Nozka, Libor, Ntekas, Konstantinos, Nurse, Emily, Nuti, Francesco, Oakham, Gerald, Oberlack, Horst, Obermann, Theresa, Ocariz, Jose, Ochi, Atsuhiko, Abreu Juliao Ochoa De Castro, Maria Ines, Ochoa, Jean-Pierre, O'Connor, Kelsey, Oda, Susumu, Odaka, Shigeru, Oh, Alexander, Oh, Seog, Ohm, Christian, Oide, Hideyuki, Okawa, Hideki, Okazaki, Yuta, 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Zeitnitz, Christian, Zemaityte, Gabija, Zeng, Jian Cong, Zeng, Qi, Zenin, Oleg, Zerwas, Dirk, Zgubic, Miha, Zhang, Dengfeng, Zhang, Dongliang, Zhang, Fangzhou, Zhang, Guangyi, Zhang, Huijun, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Liqing, Zhang, Matt, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Ruiqi, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Zhiqing, Zhao, Xiandong, Zhao, Yongke, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Chen, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Maosen, Zhou, Mingliang, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, You, Zhu, Cheng Guang, Zhu, Heling, Zhu, Hongbo, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Yingchun, Zhuang, Xuai, Zhukov, Konstantin, Zhulanov, Vladimir, Zibell, Andre, Zieminska, Daria, Zimine, Nikolai, Zimmermann, Stephanie, Zinonos, Zinonas, Zinser, Markus, Ziolkowski, Michael, Zobernig, Georg, Zoccoli, Antonio, Zoch, Knut, Zorbas, Theodoros Georgio, Zou, Rui, Zur Nedden, Martin, and Zwalinski, Lukasz
Subjects: FLUKA, CERN LHC Coll, beam: background, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, scattering, gas: pressure, ATLAS, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo
Abstract: Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed and implemented in the simulation chain based on the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation package, are described. The interaction rates are determined from the residual gas pressure distribution in the LHC ring in order to set an absolute scale on the predicted rates of BIB so that they can be compared quantitatively with data. Through these comparisons the origins of the BIB leading to different observables in the ATLAS detectors are analysed. The level of agreement between simulation results and BIB measurements by ATLAS in 2012 demonstrates that a good understanding of the origin of BIB has been reached.
Published: 2018
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3. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at ${E_{\textrm {beam}}}$ = 4 TeV

Author: Aaboud, Morad, Aad, Georges, Abbott, Brad, Abdinov, Ovsat, Abeloos, Baptiste, Abidi, Syed Haider, Abouzeid, Ossama, Abraham, Nicola, Abramowicz, Halina, Abreu, Henso, Abulaiti, Yiming, Acharya, Bobby Samir, Adachi, Shunsuke, Adamczyk, Leszek, Adelman, Jahred, Adersberger, Michael, Adiguzel, Aytul, Adye, Tim, Affolder, Tony, Afik, Yoav, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio, Ahmadov, Faig, Aielli, Giulio, Akatsuka, Shunichi, Akesson, Torsten Paul Ake, Akilli, Ece, Akimov, Andrei, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Albert, Justin, Albicocco, Pietro, Alconada Verzini, Maria Josefina, Alderweireldt, Sara Caroline, Aleksa, Martin, Aleksandrov, Igor, Alexa, Calin, Alexander, Gideon, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alhroob, Muhammad, Ali, Babar, Alimonti, Gianluca, Alison, John, Alkire, Steven Patrick, Allaire, Corentin, Allbrooke, Benedict, Allen, Benjamin William, Allport, Phillip, Aloisio, Alberto, Alonso, Alejandro, Alonso, Francisco, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Alshehri, Azzah Aziz, Alstaty, Mahmoud, Alvarez Gonzalez, Barbara, Alvarez Piqueras, Damian, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Amadio, Brian Thomas, Amaral Coutinho, Yara, Ambroz, Luca, Amelung, Christoph, Amidei, Dante Eric, Amor Dos Santos, Susana Patricia, Amoroso, Simone, Amrouche, Cherifa Sabrina, Anastopoulos, Christos, Ancu, Lucian Stefan, Andari, Nansi, Andeen, Timothy, Anders, Christoph Falk, Anders, John Kenneth, Anderson, Kelby, Andreazza, Attilio, Andrei, George Victor, Angelidakis, Stylianos, Angelozzi, Ivan, Angerami, Aaron, Anisenkov, Alexey, Annovi, Alberto, Antel, Claire, Anthony, Matthew Thomas, Antonelli, Mario, Antrim, Daniel Joseph, Anulli, Fabio, Aoki, Masato, Aperio Bella, Ludovica, Arabidze, Giorgi, Arai, Yasuo, Araque Espinosa, Juan Pedro, Araujo Ferraz, Victor, Araujo Pereira, Rodrigo, Arce, Ayana, Ardell, Rose Elisabeth, Arduh, Francisco Anuar, Arguin, Jean-Francois, Argyropoulos, Spyridon, Armbruster, Aaron James, Armitage, Lewis James, Arnaez, Olivier, Arnold, Hannah, Arratia, Miguel, Arslan, Ozan, Artamonov, Andrei, Artoni, Giacomo, Artz, Sebastian, Asai, Shoji, Asbah, Nedaa, Ashkenazi, Adi, Asimakopoulou, Eleni Myrto, Asquith, Lily, Assamagan, Ketevi, Astalos, Robert, Atkin, Ryan Justin, Atkinson, Markus, Atlay, Naim Bora, Augsten, Kamil, Avolio, Giuseppe, Avramidou, Rachel Maria, Axen, Bradley, Ayoub, Mohamad Kassem, Azuelos, Georges, Baas, Alessandra, Baca, Matthew John, Bachacou, Henri, Bachas, Konstantinos, Backes, Moritz, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bahmani, Marzieh, Baluch Bahrasemani, Sina, Bailey, Adam, Baines, John, Bajic, Milena, Baker, Keith, Bakker, Pepijn Johannes, Bakshi Gupta, Debottam, Baldin, Evgenii, Balek, Petr, Balli, Fabrice, Balunas, William Keaton, Banas, Elzbieta, Bandyopadhyay, Anjishnu, Banerjee, Swagato, Bannoura, Arwa, Barak, Liron, Barbe, William Mickael, Barberio, Elisabetta Luigia, Barberis, Dario, Barbero, Marlon, Barillari, Teresa, Barisits, Martin-Stefan, Barkeloo, Jason Tylor Colt, Barklow, Timothy, Barlow, Nick, Barnea, Rotem, Barnes, Sarah 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Zeitnitz, Christian, Zemaityte, Gabija, Zeng, Jian Cong, Zeng, Qi, Zenin, Oleg, Zerwas, Dirk, Zgubic, Miha, Zhang, Dengfeng, Zhang, Dongliang, Zhang, Fangzhou, Zhang, Guangyi, Zhang, Huijun, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Liqing, Zhang, Matt, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Ruiqi, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Zhiqing, Zhao, Xiandong, Zhao, Yongke, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Chen, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Maosen, Zhou, Mingliang, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, You, Zhu, Cheng Guang, Zhu, Heling, Zhu, Hongbo, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Yingchun, Zhuang, Xuai, Zhukov, Konstantin, Zhulanov, Vladimir, Zibell, Andre, Zieminska, Daria, Zimine, Nikolai, Zimmermann, Stephanie, Zinonos, Zinonas, Zinser, Markus, Ziolkowski, Michael, Zobernig, Georg, Zoccoli, Antonio, Zoch, Knut, Zorbas, Theodoros Georgio, Zou, Rui, Zur Nedden, Martin, and Zwalinski, Lukasz
Subjects: FLUKA, p p: scattering, CERN LHC Coll, beam: background, background: induced, correlation, gas: pressure, ATLAS, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, ghost, p p: colliding beams, experimental results
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 13(12), P12006 (2018). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/12/P12006, Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed and implemented in the simulation chain based on the $F\small{LUKA}$ Monte Carlo simulation package, are described. The interaction rates are determined from the residual gas pressure distribution in the LHC ring in order to set an absolute scale on the predicted rates of BIB so that they can be compared quantitatively with data. Through these comparisons the origins of the BIB leading to different observables in the ATLAS detectors are analysed. The level of agreement between simulation results and BIB measurements by ATLAS in 2012 demonstrates that a good understanding of the origin of BIB has been reached., Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2018
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4. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at E beam =4 TeV

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Huston, Souad Batlamous, Vanja Morisbak, Chrysostomos Valderanis, Yohei Yamaguchi, Ivan Lopez Paz, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, Bruno Galhardo, Jan Schaeffer, Peter Tornambe, Tomoe Kishimoto, Andrej Filipcic, Qi Zeng, Lydia Roos, Kazuya Mochizuki, Peter Love, David Dodsworth, Yan Benhammou, Santiago Juan Batista, Regina Kwee-Hinzmann, Kayla Dawn McLean, Kota Kasahara, Elvira Rossi, Evangelos Gazis, Natascha Schuh, Adomas Jelinskas, Kazuki Motohashi, Alessandro Gabrielli, Andrea Sciandra, Peter Jenni, Graziano Bruni, Tomio Kobayashi, Yoshio Arai, Claude Guyot, Sinead Farrington, Georg Zobernig, Francesco Lo Sterzo, Yoji Hasegawa, Yanping Huang, Declan Andrew Millar, Xiandong Zhao, Syed Haider Abidi, Akanksha Vishwakarma, Philippe Schune, Brian Cole, Davide Caforio, Yona Oren, Jesse Liu, Ketevi Assamagan, Chihiro Kozakai, Mario Jose Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, Alan James Taylor, Alessandro Cerri, Philip Bechtle, Attilio Picazio, Fairouz Malek, Thorsten Wengler, Konstantinos Ntekas, Alexey Talyshev, Vladimir Cindro, Pierre-Hugues Beauchemin, Aaron James Armbruster, Hyungsuk Son, Giuseppe Iacobucci, Theodoros Georgio Zorbas, Robert Richter, Gorm Aske Gram Krohn Galster, Thomas Koffas, Christian Gumpert, Benjamin Trocmé, Michael Begel, Minoru Hirose, Zara Jane Grout, P. Chang, Viktor Kramarenko, Abhishek Sharma, Antonio Sbrizzi, Daniel Isaac Narrias Villar, Kelby Anderson, Eloi Le Quilleuc, Arabinda Behera, Troels Petersen, Eric Buschmann, Ziyu Guo, Marc-Andre Pleier, Nikolaos Rompotis, Ghita Rahal, Ruth Poettgen, William Kennedy Di Clemente, Mark Andrew Pickering, Aine Kobayashi, Simon Feigl, Paolo Bagnaia, Christian Oliver Sander, Ruo-yu Shang, Shunichi Akatsuka, Attila Krasznahorkay, Fabio Cardillo, Julius Hrivnac, Fakülteler, Fen - Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ATLAS, Universidade do Minho, Aaboud, M., Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abdinov, O., Abeloos, B., Abidi, S. H., Abouzeid, O. S., Abraham, N. L., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Adachi, S., Adamczyk, L., Adelman, J., Adersberger, M., Adiguzel, A., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agheorghiesei, C., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Ahmadov, F., Aielli, G., Akatsuka, S., Åkesson, T. P. A., Akilli, E., Akimov, A. V., Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Albicocco, P., Verzini, M. J. Alconada, Alderweireldt, S., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexander, G., Alexopoulos, T., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Alimonti, G., Alison, J., Alkire, S. P., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allen, B. W., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Alshehri, A. A., Alstaty, M. I., Gonzalez, B. Alvarez, Piqueras, D. Álvarez, Alviggi, M. G., Amadio, B. T., Coutinho, Y. Amaral, Ambroz, L., Amelung, C., Amidei, D., Santos, S. P. Amor Do, Amoroso, S., Amrouche, C. S., Anastopoulos, C., Ancu, L. S., Andari, N., Andeen, T., Anders, C. F., Anders, J. K., Anderson, K. 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Zur, Zwalinski, L., Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Canale, Vincenzo, Della Pietra, Massimo, Merola, Leonardo, Conventi, Francesco, Rossi, Elvira, Carlino, Giampaolo, de Asmundis, Riccardo, Di Donato, Camilla, Doria, Alessandra, Iengo, Paolo, Izzo, Vincenzo, Perrella, Sabrina, Sekhniaidze, Givi, Cirotto, Francesco, Atlas, Collaboration, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Współautorami artykułu są członkowie ATLAS Collaboration w liczbie 2891, Aaboud, M, Chiodini, G, Gorini, E, Longo, L, Mirto, A, Primavera, M, Reale, M, Schioppa, E, Spagnolo, S, Ventura, A, ATLAS Collaboration, And, TOBB ETU, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science & Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB ETÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü, and Sultansoy, Saleh F.
Subjects: background [beam], background: induced, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Ciencias Físicas, Monte Carlo method, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), beam losses, Subatomic Physics, scattering [p p], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], and programs, Instrumentation, QC, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Radiation calculations, Atlas (topology), Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics, single-particle dynamics), Detector, ATLAS experiment, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Simulation methods and program, Beams (radiation), Simulation methods, DETECTOR, SEARCH, Observable, Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamic, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], ATLAS, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Accelerator modelling and simulations, CERN LHC Coll, collimators, beam: background, colliding beams [p p], numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Particle Physics - Experiment, p p: scattering, Simulation methods and programs, 530 Physics, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Físicas, Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais], FOS: Physical sciences, Física de Partículas y Campos, Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, Nuclear physics, FLUKA, ATLAS, LHC, High Energy Physics, HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:610, 010306 general physics, Absolute scale, pressure [gas], Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, hep-ex, Radiation calculation, scattering, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], ghost, correlation, induced [background], Experimental High Energy Physics, gas: pressure, p p: colliding beams, experimental results
Abstract: Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed and implemented in the simulation chain based on the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation package, are described. The interaction rates are determined from the residual gas pressure distribution in the LHC ring in order to set an absolute scale on the predicted rates of BIB so that they can be compared quantitatively with data. Through these comparisons the origins of the BIB leading to different observables in the ATLAS detectors are analysed. The level of agreement between simulation results and BIB measurements by ATLAS in 2012 demonstrates that a good understanding of the origin of BIB has been reached., We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COL-CIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d' Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF(Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in ref. [35]., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2018
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5. New Fast Beam Conditions Monitoring (BCM1F) system for CMS

Author: Krzysztof T. Pozniak, D. Przyborowski, Wolfgang Lange, Wolfgang Lohmann, M. Penno, Anne Dabrowski, Arkady Lokhovitskiy, D. Stickland, Roberval Walsh, M. Miraglia, Agnieszka Zagozdzinska, Olena Karacheban, H. Henschel, A. J. Bell, Vladimir Ryjov, J. Leonard, and Maria Hempel
Subjects: beam monitoring, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, background [beam], External beam radiation, beam: radiation, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Optics, diamond [solid-state counter], 0103 physical sciences, ddc:610, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CMS, Bandwidth (signal processing), Electrical engineering, Monitoring system, radiation [beam], upgrade [detector], detector: upgrade, Upgrade, beam: background, Measuring instrument, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, solid-state counter: diamond, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 11(01), C01088 (2016). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/01/C01088, The CMS Beam Radiation Instrumentation and Luminosity (BRIL) project is composed of several systems providing the experiment protection from adverse beam conditions while also measuring the online luminosity and beam background. Although the readout bandwidth of the Fast Beam Conditions Monitoring system (BCM1F—one of the faster monitoring systems of the CMS BRIL), was sufficient for the initial LHC conditions, the foreseen enhancement of the beams parameters after the LHC Long Shutdown-1 (LS1) imposed the upgrade of the system. This paper presents the new BCM1F, which is designed to provide real-time fast diagnosis of beam conditions and instantaneous luminosity with readout able to resolve the 25 ns bunch structure., Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2016

6. Beam dynamic aspects of the target operation at HERA-B

Author: Funcke, Michael
Subjects: beam dynamics: nonlinear, storage ring [electron p], internal [target], background [beam], thesis, target: internal, bibliography, nonlinear [beam dynamics], HERA-B, DESY HERA Stor, beam: background, target: wire, p synchrotron, beam-beam [scattering], scattering: beam-beam, electron p: storage ring, wire [target]
Abstract: Universität Hamburg, Diss., 2003; 230 pp., (2003). doi:10.3204/DESY-THESIS-2003-049, Published by Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Published: 2003

7. Simulation of Dark Current Transport Through the TESLA Test Facility Linac

Author: Schlarb, Holger
Subjects: Paris 2002/06/03 [talk], background [beam], electron positron: linear collider, DESY TESLA Linac, proposed [linear collider], emission [electron], beam: background, talk: Paris 2002/06/03, absorption [beam], electron: emission, beam: absorption, numerical calculations, linear collider: proposed, linear collider [electron positron]
Abstract: The 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference, EPAC2002, Paris, France, 3 Jun 2002 - 7 Jun 2002; 1190-1192 (2002)., The transported dark current in a high-duty cycle accelerator as the TESLA Test Facility linac (TTF) could significately contribute to radiation damages of components along the beamline. In the past high dark currents emitted from the laser driven rf gun have been observed duringsubstantial time of linac operation. For a better understanding of the dark current transported through and lost in the entire linac, particularly in undulator magnets, numerical simulations are compared with experimental observations. In order to identify possible locations for collimators to remove the dark current, the beam and its halo have been investigated. The operation of an absorber recently installed in the dispersive section of TTF magnetic bunch compressor and its impact on the downstream collimator section is discussed.
Published: 2002
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8. Expansion of the Fast Linac Protection System for High Duty Cycle Operation at the TESLA Test Facility

Author: Schlarb, Holger, Staack, Martin, Wittenburg, K., Pugachov, D., Chernousko, Yu., Krupchenkov, I., Ivanov, A., Makonin, S., Gorbunov, V., and Grechko, V.
Subjects: Paris 2002/06/03 [talk], beam loss [beam monitoring], background [beam], electron positron: linear collider, DESY TESLA Linac, free electron laser, safety [control system], damage [radiation], control system: safety, proposed [linear collider], ferromagnet [magnet], beam: background, beam monitoring: beam loss, undulator [magnet], magnet: undulator, talk: Paris 2002/06/03, absorption [beam], beam: absorption, linear collider: proposed, linear collider [electron positron], magnet: ferromagnet, radiation: damage
Abstract: The 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference, EPAC2002, Paris, France, 3 Jun 2002 - 7 Jun 2002; 1966-1968 (2002)., To perform a proof of principle experiment of a SASE based Free Electron Laser operating a permanent magnet undulator has been installed in the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) linac. The type of permanent magnets (NdFeB) used is known to be sensitive to irradiation. Already losses of the order of 10−6 at nominal TTF beam current can cause a degradation of the undulator magnets after a few month of operation. To protect the undulator against radiation a collimation system in front of the undulator removes the electrons with large betatron motion. To detect beam haloor dark current escaping the collimators a beam loss monitor (BLM) system based on photomultiplier has been developed. During the past two years the BLM system has been improved in its electronic components and detectors. It has become a standard tool for linac operation and is nowintegrated part of the linac protect system. In this paper the design, the operation experiences and the performance limits of the system are presented.
Published: 2002
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9. Beam Loss Monitoring and Control

Author: Wittenburg, Kay
Subjects: Paris 2002/06/03 [talk], beam monitoring: beam loss, beam: background, beam loss [beam monitoring], injection, lifetime [beam], background [beam], quenching [safety], talk: Paris 2002/06/03, beam: lifetime, safety: quenching, damage [radiation], radiation: damage
Abstract: The 8th European Particle Accelerator Conference, EPAC2002, Paris, France, 3 Jun 2002 - 7 Jun 2002; 109-113 (2002)., The use of Beam Loss Monitors (BLMs) as sensitive tools for various beam diagnostic applications will be discussed as well as their tasks in machine protection and loss location detection. Examples will illustrate that an appropriate design of a BLM-system and a proper understanding of loss events can improve machine performance.
Published: 2002

10. Collimation system for the VUV free electron laser at the TESLA test facility

Author: Schlarb, Holger
Subjects: proposed [linear collider], beam: background, electron positron: linear collider, background [beam], thesis, DESY TESLA Linac, RF system: superconductivity, absorption [beam], free electron laser, superconductivity [RF system], beam: absorption, linear collider: proposed, linear collider [electron positron]
Abstract: Universität Hamburg, Diss., 2001; 216 pp., (2001). doi:10.3204/DESY-THESIS-2001-055
Published: 2001

11. The TESLA post-linac collimation system

Author: Brinkmann, R., Walker, N. J., and Blair, Graham
Subjects: beam: background, electron positron: linear collider, beam optics: beta function, beam focusing: final focus, beam: absorption, linear collider: proposed, wake field, beam optics: dispersion, multiple scattering
Abstract: TESLA Reports 2001 36 pp. (2001).
Published: 2001
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12. Transverse beam tail shaping in HERA-p by means of tune modulation

Author: Montag, C., Ehret, K., Funcke, M., and Issever, S.
Subjects: Chicago 2001/06/18 [talk], storage ring [electron p], internal [target], background [beam], target: internal, talk: Chicago 2001/06/18, HERA-B, XX, resonance [betatron oscillation], DESY HERA Stor, betatron oscillation: resonance, beam: background, p synchrotron, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, electron p: storage ring
Abstract: The 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference, PAC2001, Chicago, USA, 18 Jun 2001 - 22 Jun 2001; 1699-1701 (2001)., The HERA-B experiment utilizes an internal wire target in the halo of the stored proton beam in order to study CP violation. As operational experience shows, interaction rates tend to be extremely sensitive to tiny orbit jitter amplitudes. In order to stabilize these interaction rates, various methods have been studied to increase diffusion in the transverse proton beam tails without affecting the luminosity at the electron-proton collider experiments ZEUS and H1. Tune modulation was found to be a promising method for this task. The present status of these experiments willbe reported.
Published: 2001

13. Development of the HERA-B target control system and study of target operation at the HERA storage ring

Author: Issever, S.
Subjects: storage ring [electron p], background [beam], control system: target, thesis, bibliography, HERA-B, B-factory, DESY HERA Stor, beam: background, target [control system], target: wire, p synchrotron, electron p: storage ring, wire [target]
Abstract: Universität Dortmund, Diss., 2001; 227 pp. (2001). = Universität Dortmund, Diss., 2001
Published: 2001

14. Unbunched Beam Cleaning in HERA-P

Author: Montag, C. and Klute, J.
Subjects: storage ring [electron p], background [beam], beam loss, internal [target], target: internal, HERA-B, pulsed [bending magnet], talk: Vienna 2000/06/26, DESY HERA Stor, beam: background, target: wire, p synchrotron, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, absorption [beam], Vienna 2000/06/26 [talk], beam: absorption, electron p: storage ring, bending magnet: pulsed, wire [target]
Abstract: The 7th European Particle Accelerator Conference EPAC 2000, EPAC 2000, Vienna, Austria, 26 Jun 2000 - 30 Jun 2000; Hamburg : DESY 1534-1536 (2000)., During luminosity operation of the HERA e-p collider, protons can be stored for more than 24 hours. Unpleasant proton backgrounds develop during long fills which have been traced to beam coasting outside the RF bucket. This causes a large problem for the data acquisition of the internalwire target experiment HERA-B.We will discuss the origin of coasting beam and various cures. The most successful method is to excite coasting beam particles near the vertical betatron tune using a broadband kicker which fires in the dump gap of the proton bunch train., Published by DESY, Hamburg
Published: 2000

15. HERA accelerator studies 1999

Author: Hoffstaetter, G. H.
Subjects: polarized beam [electron], background [beam], electron: polarized beam, chromaticity [beam optics], betatron oscillation: resonance, betatron oscillation: coupling, luminosity, scattering: beam-beam, electron p: storage ring, polarization, beam loss [beam monitoring], storage ring [electron p], beam: width, beam optics: chromaticity, beam optics: beta function, bibliography, beta function [beam optics], resonance [betatron oscillation], beam loading, coupling [betatron oscillation], DESY HERA Stor, width [beam], beam: background, beam monitoring: beam loss, beam-beam [scattering], dispersion [beam optics], performance, beam optics: dispersion
Abstract: 137 pp. (2000)., The HERA accelerator study periods during 1999 were mainly concerned with issues of the luminosity upgrade project and with the disturbing production of coasting beam in the proton ring. These were already important subjects during the accel- erator studies of December 1998 [11].The effect of high lepton currents on the proton beam were investigated and found to be benign. However, experiences with the beam–beam disturbance for the electron emittance and polarization was found to be non–negligible. It is planned to reduce the horizontal electron emittance from the current 41πnm to 22πnm during the luminosity upgrade by increasing the RF frequency by about 300Hz and by using a 72◦ optics. Thus optic tests related to this change were performed and in partic- ular the dynamic aperture and the luminosity were studied. Since the synchrotron radiation will have to go through the beam pipe of the detectors H1 and ZEUS after the luminosity upgrade, synchrotron radiation background will gain importance and even the radiation produced in the tail has to be considered. Therefore a scraper had been installed in the East section and was used for improved studies of tails in the electron beam distribution. Understanding the current optics is a prerequisite for understanding more advanced schemes and therefore some optical properties of the current HERA electron ring were measured. To be able to investigate the source of lifetime reductions for the electron beam, improved beam loss monitors were tested.The readout and triggering of the HERA-B experiment relies strongly on a close correlation between the interactions and the bunch crossing signal. Coasting beam leads to a background of interactions which cannot be reconstructed and which can therefore spoil the particle physics results. Particle identification in the HERA-B experiment becomes disturbed by a coasting beam, and furthermore this unbunched beam appears to cause background spikes in H1 and ZEUS. Therefore the production of coasting beam in HERA was analyzed. This involves also the review of data taken in HERA–B during the last few years. Furthermore, various ways of eliminating coasting particles from the beam were tested. A further disturbance to the HERA–B experiment is unstable interaction rates. When the proton beam moves with respect to the HERA–B wires, the interaction rate can change rapidly. During December 1999 tests were made on how such unstable rates can be reduced by softening the edges of the proton beam distribution by means of a harmonic tune modulation.
Published: 2000
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16. Influence of electron beam halos on the FEL performance

Author: Faatz, B. and Reiche, S.
Subjects: FEL, background [beam], beam: phase space, free electron laser, talk: Williamsburg 1998/08/16, beam: background, phase space [beam], Electron beam halos, magnet: undulator, undulator [magnet], Williamsburg 1998/08/16 [talk], SASE device, ddc:530, TTF, DESY Lab
Abstract: 4 pp. (1999)., For single-pass free-electron lasers (FEL), such as amplifiers and SASE devices, saturation of the radiation power has to be reached within the length of the undulator. Therefore, detailed knowledge of electron beam parameters is crucial. So far, simulations have been performed with a given rms emittance and energy spread. At short radiation wavelengths, bunch compressors are used to compress the electron beam to achieve the desired high peak currents. In addition, external focusing along the entire undulator is used to maintain a constant small radius. The rotation of phase space due to compression might lead to a significant part of the bunch in tails that could increase the gain length. Furthermore, it is in general not possible to match both the beam core and the tail to the focusing structure. In this contribution, the influence of these tails, both transverse and in energy, on the FEL performance will be investigated. Simulations will be performed for beam parameters that have been assumed for the TESLA Test Facility FEL at DESY.
Published: 1999

17. Study of beam halo muons in the ZEUS detector

Author: Kuhn-Sander, T.
Subjects: DESY HERA Stor, beam: background, statistical analysis, background [beam], colliding beam detector [electron p], thesis, bibliography, ZEUS, muon: background, numerical calculations, electron p: colliding beam detector, background [muon]
Abstract: 84 pp. (1996).
Published: 1996

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17 results on '"beam: background"'

1. Beam background study for the Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector

2. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at ${E_{\textrm {beam}}}$ = 4 TeV

3. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at ${E_{\textrm {beam}}}$ = 4 TeV

4. Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at E beam =4 TeV

5. New Fast Beam Conditions Monitoring (BCM1F) system for CMS

6. Beam dynamic aspects of the target operation at HERA-B

7. Simulation of Dark Current Transport Through the TESLA Test Facility Linac

8. Expansion of the Fast Linac Protection System for High Duty Cycle Operation at the TESLA Test Facility

9. Beam Loss Monitoring and Control

10. Collimation system for the VUV free electron laser at the TESLA test facility

11. The TESLA post-linac collimation system

12. Transverse beam tail shaping in HERA-p by means of tune modulation

13. Development of the HERA-B target control system and study of target operation at the HERA storage ring

14. Unbunched Beam Cleaning in HERA-P

15. HERA accelerator studies 1999

16. Influence of electron beam halos on the FEL performance

17. Study of beam halo muons in the ZEUS detector

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17 results on '"beam: background"'

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