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Biological cells utilize membranes and liquid-like droplets, known as biomolecular condensates, to structure their interior. The interaction of droplets and membranes, despite being involved in several key biological processes, is so far little understood. Here, we present a first numerical method to simulate the continuum dynamics of droplets interacting with deformable membranes via wetting. The method combines the advantages of the phase-field method for multiphase flow simulation and the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for an explicit description of the elastic surface. The model is thermodynamically consistent, coupling bulk hydrodynamics with capillary forces, as well as bending, tension, and stretching of a thin membrane. The method is validated by comparing simulations for single droplets to theoretical results of shape equations, and its capabilities are illustrated in two- and three-dimensional axisymmetric scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) remains challenging, and existing therapeutic approaches demonstrate little efficacy. NDD drug delivery can be achieved through the utilization of nanostructures, hence enabling multimodal NDD theranostics. Nevertheless, both biomembrane and non-biomembrane nanostructures possess intrinsic shortcomings that must be addressed by hybridization to create novel nanostructures with versatile applications in NDD theranostics. Hybrid nanostructures display improved biocompatibility, inherent targeting capabilities, intelligent responsiveness, and controlled drug release. This paper provides a concise overview of the latest developments in hybrid nanostructures for NDD theranostics and emphasizes various engineering methodologies for the integration of diverse nanostructures, including liposomes, exosomes, cell membranes, and non-biomembrane nanostructures such as polymers, metals, and hydrogels. The use of a combination technique can significantly augment the precision, intelligence, and efficacy of hybrid nanostructures, therefore functioning as a more robust theranostic approach for NDDs. This paper also addresses the issues that arise in the therapeutic translation of hybrid nanostructures and explores potential future prospects in this field.

The diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) remains challenging, and existing therapeutic approaches demonstrate little efficacy. NDD drug delivery can be achieved through the utilization of nanostructures, hence enabling multimodal NDD theranostics. Nevertheless, both biomembrane and non-biomembrane nanostructures possess intrinsic shortcomings that must be addressed by hybridization to create novel nanostructures with versatile applications in NDD theranostics. Hybrid nanostructures display improved biocompatibility, inherent targeting capabilities, intelligent responsiveness, and controlled drug release. This paper provides a concise overview of the latest developments in hybrid nanostructures for NDD theranostics and emphasizes various engineering methodologies for the integration of diverse nanostructures, including liposomes, exosomes, cell membranes, and non-biomembrane nanostructures such as polymers, metals, and hydrogels. The use of a combination technique can significantly augment the precision, intelligence, and efficacy of hybrid nanostructures, therefore functioning as a more robust theranostic approach for NDDs. This paper also addresses the issues that arise in the therapeutic translation of hybrid nanostructures and explores potential future prospects in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite significant advances in current drug therapies, issues such as poor drug targeting and severe side effects persist. In recent years, nanomedicine has been extensively applied in the research and treatment of CVDs. Among these, biomembrane-modified biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems (BNDSs) have emerged as a research focus due to their unique biocompatibility and efficient drug delivery capabilities. By modifying with biological membranes, BNDSs can effectively reduce recognition and clearance by the immune system, enhance biocompatibility and circulation time in vivo, and improve drug targeting. This review first provides an overview of the classification and pathological mechanisms of CVDs, then systematically summarizes the research progress of BNDSs in the treatment of CVDs, discussing their design principles, functional characteristics, and clinical application potential. Finally, it highlights the issues and challenges faced in the clinical translation of BNDSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saponins are a large group of compounds, produced mostly by plants as a side product of their metabolic activity. These compounds have attracted much attention over the years mostly because of their surface activity and antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties. On the other hand, most of the hitherto research has concerned the action of saponins against microbial cells as a whole. Therefore, knowing the possible interaction of saponins with biomembrane, we decided to check in-vitro the influence of saponin-rich extract of Saponaria officinalis on spheroplasts of two Candida sp. The obtained results show that 10 mg L− 1 of extract increased the permeability of spheroplasts up to 21.76% relative to that of the control sample. Moreover, the evaluation of surface potential has revealed a decrease by almost 10 mV relative to that of the untreated samples. Such results suggest its direct correlation to integration of saponins into the biomembrane structure. The obtained results have proved the antifungal potential of saponins and their ability of permeabilization of cells. This proves the high potential of saponins use as additives to antifungal pharmaceutics, which is expected to lead to improvement of their action or reduction of required dosage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using advanced nanotechnology membranes has opened up new possibilities in the field of biomedicine, particularly for controlled drug delivery and especially for topical use. Bacterial cellulose membranes (BCM), particularly, have gained prominence owing to their distinctive attributes, including remarkable water retention, safety, biodegradability, and tunable gas exchange. However, they are aqueous matrices and, for this reason, of limited capacity for incorporation of apolar compounds. Cubosomes are lipid nanoparticles composed of a surfactant bicontinuous reverse cubic phase, which, owing to their bicontinuous structure, can incorporate both polar and apolar compounds. Therefore, these particles present a promising avenue for encapsulating and releasing drugs and biomolecules due to their superior entrapment efficiency. In this study, we aim to extend earlier investigations using polymeric hydrogels for cubosome immobilization, now using BCMs, a more resilient biocompatible matrix. Phytantriol cubosome-loaded BCMs were prepared by three distinct protocols: ex situ incorporation into wet BCMs, ex situ incorporation by swelling of dry BCMs, and an in situ process with the growth of BCMs in a sterile medium already containing cubosomes. Our investigation revealed that these methodologies ensured that cubosomes remained integral, uniformly distributed, and thoroughly dispersed within the membrane, as confirmed using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution confocal microscopy. The effective incorporation and sustained release of diclofenac were validated across the different BCMs and compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel in our previous studies. Furthermore, the resistance against cubosome leaching from the three BCM and HA hydrogel samples was quantitatively evaluated and contrasted. We hope that the outcomes from this research will pave the way for innovative use of this platform in the incorporation and controlled release of varied active agents, amplifying the already multifaceted applicability of BCMs.

Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, demanding innovative approaches to enhance the effectiveness and precision of therapies. In this pursuit, biomembrane-grafted dendrimer-polymeric conjugates have emerged as pioneering innovations within the field of cancer nanomedicine. These nanostructures represent a convergence of biology, materials science, and nanotechnology, offering a multifaceted platform with profound implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment. With precision drug delivery, they can transport therapeutics directly to cancer cells, minimizing systemic toxicity. Their utility extends to cancer imaging, enabling accurate visualization and monitoring of disease progression. Moreover, these conjugates facilitate personalized medicine by targeting specific genetic mutations, paving the way for tailored treatment approaches. Intriguingly, they hold promise in overcoming drug resistance by outsmarting efflux mechanisms and penetrating deep into tumor tissues. By combining multiple therapeutic agents, they enhance treatment efficacy through synergistic effects. This review delves into the intricacies of their design and the underlying mechanisms that govern their interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, it highlights their potential to reshape cancer therapeutics by reducing side effects, inhibiting metastasis, and improving patient outcomes. As we navigate this innovative landscape, it becomes evident that biomembrane-grafted dendrimer-polymeric conjugates represent a powerful frontier in the battle against cancer, offering a beacon of hope for more effective and personalized treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigated starch biopolymer membrane was found to be a sustainable alternative to currently reported and used separators due to its properties, which were evaluated using physicochemical characterization. The molecular dynamics of the biomembrane were analyzed using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF NMR) as well as Raman and infrared spectroscopy, which proved that the chemical composition of the obtained membrane did not degrade during microwave-assisted polymerization. Easily and cheaply prepared through microwave-assisted polymerization, the starch membrane was successfully used as a biodegradable membrane separating the positive and negative electrodes in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). The obtained results for the electrochemical characterization via cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge with potential limitation (GCPL), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) show a capacitance of 30 F g−1 and a resistance of 2 Ohms; moreover, the longevity of the EDLC during electrochemical floating exceeded more than 200 h or a cyclic ability of 50,000 cycles. Furthermore, due to the flexibility of the membrane, it can be easily used in novel, flexible energy storage systems. This proves that this novel biomembrane can be a significant step toward ecologically friendly energy storage devices and could be considered a cheaper alternative to currently used materials, which cannot easily biodegrade over time in comparison to biopolymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inspiring ideas of Professor Lester Packer (1929–2018) substantially enriched our understanding of biological systems. One of the most important contributions of Lester is the role of vitamin E in biological membranes. Lester started early in the 1970s with the development and use of a preparatory technique for electron microscopy of biological membranes, the "freeze fracture." This made it possible to detect inner and outer membranes of mitochondria as well as associated compounds in other biological organelles. Lester also considered the effect of tocols on entire animals and thereby initiated the field of exercise biology. An important finding was the loss of vitamin E and of muscle mitochondria after exhaustive exercise. In the 1990s, he and his group worked on the intermembrane exchange and membrane stabilization by tocols. They also determined the specific activities of various tocols including tocotrienols. In the later years they embarked on the role of vitamin E in redox signaling and gene expression, topics fundamental to our understanding of the role of vitamin E in membranes and in general. Lester, his group, and international guests tried to answer the still open question how vitamin E protects biomembranes. The numerous possibilities they offered will help to find a final solution. Lester always engaged himself at the forefront of science and in scientific exchange on meetings and in societies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 771–776. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wen-Shang Liu,1,* Yu Liu,2,* Jie Gao,3,* Hao Zheng,4 Zheng-Mao Lu,4 Meng Li1 1Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Meng Li, Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +086-15000879978, Fax +086-021-23271699, Email lemonlives_dr@163.com Zheng-Mao Lu, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +086-13651688596, Fax +086-021-31161589, Email luzhengmao1982@163.comAbstract: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process, and metabolic disturbances in the microenvironment of chronic wounds and the severe symptoms they cause remain major challenges to be addressed. The inherent properties of hydrogels make them promising wound dressings. In addition, biomembrane-based nanostructures and microstructures (such as liposomes, exosomes, membrane-coated nanostructures, bacteria and algae) have significant advantages in the promotion of wound healing, including special biological activities, flexible drug loading and targeting. Therefore, biomembrane-based nanostructure- and microstructure-loaded hydrogels can compensate for their respective disadvantages and combine the advantages of both to significantly promote chronic wound healing. In this review, we outline the loading strategies, mechanisms of action and applications of different types of biomembrane-based nanostructure- and microstructure-loaded hydrogels in chronic wound healing.Keywords: biomembrane, nanostructures, microstructures, hydrogels, chronic wound healing

The cell membrane undergoes various changes to modify its composition and mechanical properties to control the functioning of cellular mechanisms, in which cholesterol is highly involved. We have investigated the formation of cholesterol-rich nano-domains in pure 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) at room temperature. The mechanical properties of the lipid bilayer in the presence of 0 to 40 mol% of cholesterol have been explored by using Peak-Force Quantitative Nano-Mechanical Atomic Force Microscopy. Cholesterol-rich domains with different mechanical strengths are distinctly observed at 5% cholesterol in SLB of DOPC-cholesterol. The cholesterol-rich domains with increased height are observed up to 25% cholesterol insertion within the bilayer. Further increase of cholesterol concentration leads to shrinkage of bilayer height and moderate rise of rigidity modulus. We believe that the reduction of bilayer height is due to the decoupling of the two leaflets within the membrane at high cholesterol concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the EIS method (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy), the interaction of the (Bilayer Lipid Membrane) BLM system with Ofloxacin in NaCl bath solutions was studied. The BLM system shows electrical properties and stability, which mainly depend on the concentration of the sodium chloride bath solution. The stability of the BLM system increased due to the increase in the concentration of NaCl. On the surface of BLM, a fixing impact has been created due to the cations. The Ofloxacin atoms get divided into the BLM stage and display the fluidization impact. The resistance of the membrane decreases with the concentration of Ofloxacin. To identify Ofloxacin in the arrangement, an impedimetric sensor was created. The level of Ofloxacin detected mainly depends on the sodium chloride concentration present in the bath solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yougui pill is one of the representative prescriptions of "reinforcing Yang from Yin" theory (a basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were employed to explore the interaction of Yougui pill and its disassembled prescriptions (Yang-tonifying group and Yin-tonifying group) with liposome mimetic biomembrane. ITC experiments indicated that the whole Yougui pill has more favorable, stabilizing interaction with liposome mimetic biomembrane compared with the Yang-tonifying group and the Yin-tonifying group. DSC and SAXS experiments show that the whole Yougui pill has a stronger interaction with the head polar groups of the DPPC compared with the Yang-tonifying group and the Yin-tonifying group when containing the same concentration of indicator component. FTIR experiments show that the dehydration effect of the whole Yougui pill on the PO2− group of DPPC is greater than that of the Yang-tonifying group and greater than that of the Yin-tonifying group when containing the same concentration of indicator component. These conclusions may be related to the fact that the whole Yougui pill is more effective in treating kidney Yang deficiency syndrome than the Yang-tonifying group and than the Yin-tonifying group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bacterial cellulose membrane (CM) is a promising biomaterial due to its easy applicability and moist environment. Moreover, nanoscale silver compounds (AgNO 3) are synthesized and incorporated into CMs to provide these biomaterials with antimicrobial activity for wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability of CM incorporated with nanoscale silver compounds, determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , and its use on in vivo skin lesions. Wistar rats were divided according to treatment: untreated, CM (cellulose membrane), and AgCM (CM incorporated with silver nanoparticles). The euthanasia was performed on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days to assess inflammation (myeloperoxidase-neutrophils, N-acetylglucosaminidase-macrophage, IL-1β, IL-10), oxidative stress (NO-nitric oxide, DCF-H 2 O 2), oxidative damage (carbonyl: membrane's damage; sulfhydryl: membrane's integrity), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase; glutathione), angiogenesis, tissue formation (collagen, TGF-β1, smooth muscle α-actin, small decorin, and biglycan proteoglycans). The use of AgCM did not show toxicity, but antibacterial effect in vitro. Moreover, in vivo, AgCM provided balanced oxidative action, modulated the inflammatory profile due to the reduction of IL-1β level and increase in IL-10 level, in addition to increased angiogenesis and collagen formation. The results suggest the use of silver nanoparticles (AgCM) enhanced the CM properties by providing antibacterial properties, modulation the inflammatory phase, and consequently promotes the healing of skin lesions, which can be used clinically to treat injuries. • Silver nanoparticles (around 15-nm in size) were successfully incorporated into bacterial cellulose membranes. • Bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) with silver nanoparticles: bacteriostatic property; no cytotoxicity for animal cells. • BCM with silver nanoparticles modulated the inflammatory process and stimulated angiogenesis and collagen formation. • Balanced oxidative stress and antioxidant markers by treating wounds with BCM incorporated with silver nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades, dendrimers have received attention in biomedicine that requires detailed study on the mechanism of their interaction with cell membranes. In this article, we report on the role of dendrimer structure in their interaction with liposomes. Here, the interactions between cationic pyridylphenylene dendrimers of the first, second, and third generations with mixed or completely charged pyridyl periphery (D16+, D215+, D229+, and D350+) with cholesterol-containing (CL/Chol/DOPC) anionic liposomes were investigated by microelectrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and conductometry. It was found that the architecture of the dendrimer, namely the generation, the amount of charged pyridynium groups, the hydrophobic phenylene units, and the rigidity of the spatial structure, determined the special features of the dendrimer–liposome interactions. The binding of D350+ and D229+ with almost fully charged peripheries to liposomes was due to electrostatic forces: the dendrimer molecules could be removed from the liposomal surfaces by NaCl addition. D350+ and D229+ did not display a disruptive effect toward membranes, did not penetrate into the hydrophobic lipid bilayer, and were able to migrate between liposomes. For D215+, a dendrimer with a mixed periphery, hydrophobic interactions of phenylene units with the hydrocarbon tails of lipids were observed, along with electrostatic complexation with liposomes. As a result, defects were formed in the bilayer, which led to irreversible interactions with lipid membranes wherein there was no migration of D215+ between liposomes. A first-generation dendrimer, D16+, which was characterized by small size, a high degree of hydrophobicity, and a rigid structure, when interacting with liposomes caused significant destruction of liposomal membranes. Evidently, this interaction was irreversible: the addition of salt did not lead to the dissociation of the complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passive permeation of cellular membranes is a key feature of many therapeutics. The relevance of passive permeability spans all biological systems as they all employ biomembranes for compartmentalization. A variety of computational techniques are currently utilized and under active development to facilitate the characterization of passive permeability. These methods include lipophilicity relations, molecular dynamics simulations, and machine learning, which vary in accuracy, complexity, and computational cost. This review briefly introduces the underlying theories, such as the prominent inhomogeneous solubility diffusion model, and covers a number of recent applications. Various machine-learning applications, which have demonstrated good potential for high-volume, data-driven permeability predictions, are also discussed. Due to the confluence of novel computational methods and next-generation exascale computers, we anticipate an exciting future for computationally driven permeability predictions.

The bark of Frangula alnus Mill (FAM), the so-called alder buckthorn, has been widely investigated for its medicinal properties, especially its laxative effects and the bioactive properties of the plant material extract. Still, there is no wider study devoted to its antibacterial properties. This is important in the context of its impact on probiotic gut bacteria. The aim of the research was to recognize the effect of FAM extract on bacterial cells, and to determine how the bioactive properties and composition of the extract are influenced by the type of solvent used for the extraction. To find the most suitable conditions for the FAM extraction, we used four solvent solutions with different polarities, including water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. We assessed the quality and composition of the extracts with spectral analysis, using spectrophotometric (FTIR, UV-Vis) and chromatographic methods (GC-MS). Finally, we analyzed the extractant impact of the extracts on the selected bacterial cells. The results showed that the chemical diversity of the extracts increased with the increase in solvent polarity, in which the abundance of frangulin, the main bioactive compound in buckthorn bark, was confirmed. Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 was particularly sensitive to the action of extracts, whereas other strains of the Pseudomonas genus showed practically no adverse effects. Ethanolic extracts had the strongest effect on most of the selected bacteria strains. We found that the probiotic Lactobacillus strain, which represents intestinal microflora, has no direct effect on probiotic microorganisms. The research shown FAM extracts can be safe for probiotic bacteria present in human gut microflora. Moreover, the study indicated that contact with the extracts may reduce the total permeability of the bacterial membranes. This opens up the possibility of using FAM extracts as a factor regulating transport into cells, which may be used to support the action of other bioactive substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Examination the relationship between the state of biomembranes and indicators of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 40 patients with COPD at the age of 27-64 years were treated at the City Health Center № 2 named after academician K.T. Tadzhiev. There were 21 men (52.5%), and 19 women (47.5%). The control group is represented by 30 healthy persons, comparable by sex and age. The content of inflammatory markers of vascular endothelium – CRP, fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor (VWF) – was studied. The functional state of erythrocyte membranes was studied by determining of permeability of erythrocyte membranes (PEM) and sorption ability of erythrocytes (SAE). Results: Study of endothelial dysfunction in patients with COPD showed an increase in fibrinogen content by 71.15% (2.6±0.08 and 4.45±0.16 g/L), VWF by 35.4% (95.7±2.3 and 129.6±2.3%) and an increase in serum CRP by 15 times (2.09±0.1 and 32.2±0.1 mg/L). There was a change in PEM and an increase in SAE by 27.8% (39.5±0.5 and 50.5±0.6%, respectively) compared with the control group, that reflects damage of erythrocytes and is considered as a factor of endogenous intoxication. A significant direct relationship was established between SAE and indicators of vascular dysfunction: with VWF (r=0.34; p

Curcumin-loaded native and succinylated pea protein nanoparticles, as well as zwitterionic giant unilamellar vesicles were used in this study as model bioactive compound loaded-nanoparticles and biomembranes, respectively, to assess bio-nano interactions. Curcumin-loaded native protein-chitosan and succinylated protein-chitosan complexes, as well as native protein-chitosan and succinylated protein-chitosan hollow, induced leakage of the calcein encapsulated in the giant unilamellar vesicles. The leakage was more pronounced with hollow protein-chitosan complexes. However, curcumin-loaded native protein and curcumin-loaded succinylated protein nanoparticles induced calcein fluorescence quenching. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed that the interaction of curcumin-loaded native protein, curcumin-loaded succinylated protein, native protein-chitosan, and succinylated protein-chitosan complexes with the giant unilamellar vesicles caused a major reduction in the size of the lipid vesicles. Confocal and widefield fluorescence microscopy showed rupturing of the unilamellar vesicles after treatment with native pea protein-chitosan and succinylated pea protein-chitosan complexes. The nature of interaction between the curcumin-loaded protein nanoparticles and the biomembranes, at the bio-nano interface, is influenced by the encapsulated curcumin. Findings from this study showed that, as the protein plays a crucial role in stabilizing the bioactive compound from chemical and photodegradation, the encapsulated nutraceutical stabilizes the protein nanoparticle to reduce its interaction with biomembranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of an oscillating electric field generated from music on yeast vacuolar proton-ATPase (V-ATPase) activity in its native environment is reported. An oscillating electric field is generated by electrodes that are immersed into a dispersion of yeast vacuolar membrane vesicles natively hosting a high concentration of active V-ATPase. The substantial difference in the ATP hydrolysing activity of V-ATPase under the most stimulating and inhibiting music is unprecedented. Since the topic, i.e., an effect of music on biomolecules, is very attractive for non-scientific, esoteric mystification, we provide a rational explanation for the observed new phenomenon. Good correlation is found between changes in the specific activity of the enzyme and the combined intensity of certain frequency bands of the Fourier spectra of the music clips. Most prominent identified frequencies are harmonically related to each other and to the estimated rotation rate of the enzyme. These results lead to the conclusion that the oscillating electric field interferes with periodic trans-membrane charge motions in the working enzyme.

The problem of treating patients diagnosed with congenital pseudarthrosis is due to severe and unpredictable course of this disease, difficulties in choosing surgical techniques, and frequent relapses of the process. Purpose Compare the results of treatment of patients with congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) using non-free Ilizarov bone plasty and a combination of grafting according to Masquelet technique with Ilizarov bone transport. Materials and methods The outcomes of 13 patients with CPT aged 1.5 to 35 years who had been treated since 2009 were analyzed. The main group (n = 6) included patients treated using a combination of the Ilizarov and Masquelet methods. In the control group (n = 7), patients were treated only with Ilizarov transosseous osteosynthesis. Histological examination of the periosteum and tissues of the resected pseudarthrosis area was performed. In the index group, fragments of a biomembrane formed around a cement spacer temporarily bridged the diastasis after resection of pseudarthrosis were studied by light and electron scanning microscopy. Results and discussion Patients of the analyzed groups had a comparable duration of treatment. In the main group, bone fusion was observed in 83 % of cases, while no relapse was detected in the long-term follow-up. The obtained treatment result was achieved due to good vascularization of the biological membrane formed on the spacer surface, which provides trophic effect at the stages of defect management in the area of resected pseudarthrosis. The presence of poorly differentiated osteogenic cells in it promoted active osteogenesis. In patients of the control group, fusion was achieved in all cases, but relapses in the long-term occurred in 71 % of cases. Conclusion The basis of the methodological principles in treating patients with CPT is the use of additional options for osteoplastic interventions and materials in the pseudarthrosis zone. Fixation of a segment without stimulation of bone regeneration does not bring the desired effect. The complex use of non-free Ilizarov bone grafting according to Ilizarov and Masquelet technology achieves bone fusion of the congenital pseudoarthrosis and disease-free course of the conditions.

Biomembranes based on an organosilica sol–gel matrix were used to immobilize bacteria Paracoccus yeei VKM B-3302 as part of a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) biosensor. Diethoxydimethylsilane (DEDMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were used as precursors to create the matrix in a 1:1 volume ratio. The use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method (BET) showed that the sol–gel matrix forms a capsule around microorganisms that does not prevent the exchange of substrates and waste products of bacteria to the cells. The use of DEDMS as part of the matrix made it possible to increase the sensitivity coefficient of the biosensor for determining BOD by two orders of magnitude compared to a biosensor based on methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). Additionally, the long-term stability of the bioreceptor increased to 68 days. The use of such a matrix neutralized the effect of heavy metal ions on the microorganisms’ catalytic activity in the biosensor. The developed biosensor was used to analyze water samples from water sources in the Tula region (Russia).

The bark of Frangula alnus Mill (FAM), the so-called alder buckthorn, has been widely investigated for its medicinal properties, especially its laxative effects and the bioactive properties of the plant material extract. Still, there is no wider study devoted to its antibacterial properties. This is important in the context of its impact on probiotic gut bacteria. The aim of the research was to recognize the effect of FAM extract on bacterial cells, and to determine how the bioactive properties and composition of the extract are influenced by the type of solvent used for the extraction. To find the most suitable conditions for the FAM extraction, we used four solvent solutions with different polarities, including water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. We assessed the quality and composition of the extracts with spectral analysis, using spectrophotometric (FTIR, UV-Vis) and chromatographic methods (GC-MS). Finally, we analyzed the extractant impact of the extracts on the selected bacterial cells. The results showed that the chemical diversity of the extracts increased with the increase in solvent polarity, in which the abundance of frangulin, the main bioactive compound in buckthorn bark, was confirmed. Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 was particularly sensitive to the action of extracts, whereas other strains of the Pseudomonas genus showed practically no adverse effects. Ethanolic extracts had the strongest effect on most of the selected bacteria strains. We found that the probiotic Lactobacillus strain, which represents intestinal microflora, has no direct effect on probiotic microorganisms. The research shown FAM extracts can be safe for probiotic bacteria present in human gut microflora. Moreover, the study indicated that contact with the extracts may reduce the total permeability of the bacterial membranes. This opens up the possibility of using FAM extracts as a factor regulating transport into cells, which may be used to support the action of other bioactive substances.

Fluorescent imaging combined with atomic force microscopy (AFM), namely AFM-fluorescence correlative microscopy, is a popular technology in life science. However, the influence of involved fluorophores on obtained mechanical information is normally underestimated, and such subtle changes are still challenging to detect. Herein, we combined AFM with laser light excitation to perform a mechanical quantitative analysis of a model membrane system labeled with a commonly used fluorophore. Mechanical quantification was additionally validated by finite element simulations. Upon staining, we noticed fluorophores forming a diffuse weakly organized overlayer on phospholipid supported membrane, easily detected by AFM mechanics. The laser was found to cause a degradation of mechanical stability of the membrane synergically with presence of fluorophore. In particular, a 30 min laser irradiation, with intensity similar to that in typical confocal scanning microscopy experiment, was found to result in a ∼40% decrease in the breakthrough force of the stained phospholipid bilayer along with a ∼30% reduction in its apparent elastic modulus. The findings highlight the significance of analytical power provided by AFM, which will allow us to “see” the “unseen” in correlative microscopy, as well as the necessity to consider photothermal effects when using fluorescent dyes to investigate, for example, the deformability and permeability of phospholipid membranes.

Surfaces of previously synthesized Hydroxyapatite particles (HAP) have been modified with polyethylene glycol functional silane (PEG-400Si). For the surface modification of HAP, firstly, synthesis of PEG-400Si was performed by urethane reaction of hydroxyl and isocyanate groups. Then, HAP was synthesized by sol-gel method. Afterwards, surface modification of HAP was realized with PEG-400Si. SEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR analyses were utilized to characterize the morphology and structural properties of the synthesized and modified particles. Results revealed that the surface of HAP was modified successfully and the crystal structure of HAP was not changed after modification. Electrospinning process was conducted to obtain unmodified and modified HAP incorporated nanofibrous biomembranes and the characteristics and biological performances of these membranes have been compared to each other. SEM analysis presented that defect-free and round shape nanofibers obtained and the fiber diameter ranged from 230±114 nm to 760±291 nm. In vitro biological evaluations revealed that all electrospun nanofibrous biomembranes were nontoxic and the one with PCL/PEG-400Si-HAP exhibited greatest cellular protein expression approximately 1.5 times higher than the PCL biomembrane for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nature has inspired the development of biomimetic membrane sensors in which the functionalities of biological molecules, such as proteins and lipids, are harnessed for sensing applications. This review provides an overview of the recent developments for biomembrane sensors compatible with either bulk or planar sensing applications, namely using lipid vesicles or supported lipid bilayers, respectively. We first describe the individual components required for these sensing platforms and the design principles that are considered when constructing them, and we segue into recent applications being implemented across multiple fields. Our goal for this review is to illustrate the versatility of nature's biomembrane toolbox and simultaneously highlight how biosensor platforms can be enhanced by harnessing it.

Besides the outstanding potential in biomedical applications, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are also promising candidates to expand our knowledge on interactions between vesicular surface proteins and small-molecules which exert biomembrane-related functions. Here we provide mechanistic details on interactions between membrane active peptides with antimicrobial effect (MAPs) and red blood cell derived EVs (REVs) and we demonstrate that they have the capacity to remove members of the protein corona from REVs even at lower than 5 μM concentrations. In case of REVs, the Soret-band arising from the membrane associated hemoglobins allowed to follow the detachment process by flow-Linear Dichroism (flow-LD). Further on, the significant change on the vesicle surfaces was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Since membrane active peptides, such as melittin have the affinity to disrupt vesicles, a combination of techniques, fluorescent antibody labeling, microfluidic resistive pulse sensing, and flow-LD were employed to distinguish between membrane destruction and surface protein detachment. The removal of protein corona members is a newly identified role for the investigated peptides, which indicates complexity of their in vivo function, but may also be exploited in synthetic and natural nanoparticle engineering. Furthermore, results also promote that EVs can be used as improved model systems for biophysical studies providing insight to areas with so far limited knowledge.

Skin wound infection requires carefully long-term treatment with an immense financial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. Various strategies such as drug delivery systems using polymer matrix from natural source have been used to enhance wound healing. Natural rubber latex (NRL) from Hevea brasiliensis has shown angiogenic and tissue repair properties. Gentamicin sulfate (GS) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which inhibits the growth of a wide variety of microorganisms and, because of this, it has also been applied topically for treatment of local infections. The aim of this study was to develop a GS release system using NRL as matrix for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infected skin ulcers treatment, without changing drug antibiotic properties. The matrix did not change the GS antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli strains. Moreover, the NRL-GS biomembrane did not exhibit hemolytic activity, being non-toxic to red blood cells. The eluates of NRL-GS biomembranes and GS solutions did not significantly reduce the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans worms for 24 h at any of the tested concentrations. Thus, these results emphasize that the NRL-GS biomembrane proved to be a promising biomaterial for future studies on the development of dressings for topical uses, inexpensive and practicable, keeping drug antibiotic properties against pathogens and to reduce the side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using monoclonal antibodies to block tumor angiogenesis has yielded effective antitumor effects. However, this treatment method has long cycles and is very expensive; therefore, its long-term and extensive application is limited. In this study, we developed a nanovaccine using bacterial biomembranes as carriers for antitumor therapy. The whole basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) molecule (154 amino acids (aa)) was loaded onto bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) using gene recombination technology. The strong adjuvant effect of OMVs was used to induce the host to produce anti-BFGF autoantibodies. We proved that persistent anti-BFGF autoantibodies can be induced in mice after only 3 immunizations to antagonize BFGF functions. The effects included multiple tumor suppression functions, including inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, induction of tumor cell apoptosis, reversal of tumor immune barriers, and promotion of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), eventually causing tumor regression. We confirmed that bacterial biomembranes can be used as a vaccine delivery system to induce the production of antibodies against autoantigens, which may be used for tumor therapy. This study expands the application fields of bacterial biomembrane systems and provides insight for tumor immunotherapy other than monoclonal antibody technology. In this study, we proved that bacteria-released outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) modified via genetic engineering can be used as a vaccine carrier to break autoimmune tolerance and induce the body to produce autoantibodies to antagonize pathological molecules and block pathological signaling pathways for tumor therapy. OMVs naturally released by bacteria were used to successfully load the full-length BFGF protein (154 aa). We proved that persistent anti-BFGF autoantibodies can be induced in tumor-bearing mice after only 3 immunizations to effectively inhibit tumors. Furthermore, the production of these antibodies successfully inhibited tumor angiogenesis, promoted tumor cell apoptosis, reversed the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, increased the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reaction, and eventually inhibited tumor growth. Thioredoxin-BFGF (Trx-BFGF) was loaded onto OMVs during the release of vesicles by bacteria. These modified BFGF-OMVs induced anti-BFGF-autoantibody production in mice and inhibited tumor cell growth through multiple pathways. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycyrrhetic acid (GA) and stearyl glycyrrhetinate (SG) are two interesting compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra, showing numerous biological properties widely applied in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. Despite these appreciable benefits, their potential therapeutic properties are strongly compromised due to unfavourable physical-chemical features. The strategy exploited in the present work was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as carrier systems for GA and SG delivery. Both formulations loaded with GA and SG (GA-SLNs and SG-SLNs, respectively) were prepared by the high shear homogenization coupled to ultrasound (HSH-US) method, and we obtained good technological parameters. DSC was used to evaluate their thermotropic behaviour and ability to act as carriers for GA and SG. The study was conducted by means of a biomembrane model (multilamellar vesicles; MLVs) that simulated the interaction of the carriers with the cellular membrane. Unloaded and loaded SLNs were incubated with the biomembranes, and their interactions were evaluated over time through variations in their calorimetric curves. The results of these studies indicated that GA and SG interact differently with MLVs and SLNs; the interactions of SG-SLNs and GA-SLNs with the biomembrane model showed different variations of the MLVs calorimetric curve and suggest the potential use of SLNs as delivery systems for GA.

BACKGROUND: A burn wound is one of the most frequent and devastating injuries for patients which requires extensive care. Early treatment of burn wounds improves healing significantly. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of amnion and collagen-based hydrogels on cutaneous burn wound healing in rats with covering membrane. METHODS: We prepared a novel cell free hydrogel comprising human amnion, rabbit collagen, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, citric acid, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, glycerin and triethanol amine. The wound covering membrane was developed from rabbit collagen and prawn shell chitosan. Beside swelling ratio, water absorption, equilibrium water content, gel fraction and spreadability analysis, in vitro cytotoxicity and biocompatibility tests were performed for the formulated hydrogels. Following the skin irritation study, second-degree burns were created on the dorsal region of the rats and the gels were applied with/without covering membrane to study the wound contraction and re-epithelialization period. RESULTS: The formulated hydrogels were observed non-cytotoxic and compatible with human blood cells. No erythema and edema were found in skin irritation assay confirming the safety and applicability. Hydrogel consisting in a combination of amnion and collagen demonstrated significantly rapid wound healing, driven by complete re-epithelialization (16.75 ± 0.96 days) and closure by wound contraction (72 ± 3.27%, P < 0.0000009) when wound dressing membrane was used, whereas this gel alone healed about 62.5 ± 4.43% (P < 0.00001) and required 18.75 ± 0.50 days to complete re-epithelialization. Additionally, the gel with covering membrane treated group had maximum average body weight, food and water intake. CONCLUSION: The amnion and collagen-based blended gel offers alternative possibilities to treat skin wounds when covered with film, which could overcome the limitations associated with modern therapeutic products such as high costs, long manufacturing times, complexities, storing, and presence of living biomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: A proton exchange membrane was synthesized consuming a sodium alginate biopolymer as the matrix and titanium oxide as the nanofiller. The titanium oxide content varied from 5 to 25 wt%. The biomembrane nanocomposite performs better than the pristine sodium alginate membrane based on liquid uptake, methanol permeability, proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity, and oxidative stability outcomes. The unique properties of sodium alginate and titanium oxide lead to outstanding interconnections, thus producing new materials with great characteristics and enhanced performance. The highest proton conductivity achieved in this study is 17.3 × 10‐3 S cm‐1, which performed by SAT5 (25 wt%) membranes at 70°C. An optimal content of titanium oxide enhances the conductivity and methanol permeability of the membrane. Additionally, the hydrophilicity of pure sodium alginate is greatly reduced and achieves a good liquid uptake capacity and swelling ratio. The characteristics of the SA/TiO2 biomembrane nanocomposite were determined with field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, and mechanical strength analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. As a result, 38.23 g/L of lactic acid was produced. Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. Image 1 • To produce Biodegradable membrane from waste weed plant P rosopis juliflora pods. • Optical pure lactic acid and PLA production by direct polycondensation. • Compatible PLA/Chitosan for food packaging membrane with low OTR. • Design and development of high thermostable and hydrophobic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining a functional tooth is the ultimate goal of tooth engineering. However, the implantation of bioengineered teeth in the jawbone of adult animals never allows for spontaneous eruption due mainly to ankylosis within the bone crypt. The objective of this study was to develop an innovative approach allowing eruption of implanted bioengineered teeth through the isolation of the germ from the bone crypt using a polycaprolactone membrane (PCL). The germs of the first lower molars were harvested on the 14th day of embryonic development, cultured in vitro, and then implanted in the recipient site drilled in the maxillary bone of adult mice. To prevent the ankylosis of the dental germ, a PCL membrane synthesized by electrospinning was placed between the germ and the bone. After 10 weeks of follow-up, microtomography, and histology of the implantation site were performed. In control mice where germs were directly placed in contact with the bone, a spontaneous eruption of bioengineered teeth was only observed in 3.3% of the cases versus 19.2% in the test group where PCL biomembrane was used as a barrier (p < 0.1). This preliminary study is the first to describe an innovative method allowing the eruption of bioengineered tooth implanted directly in the jawbone of mice. This new approach is a hope for the field of tooth regeneration, especially in children with oligodontia in whom titanium implants are not an optimal solution.

Background: The availability of commercial tissue engineering skin repair products for veterinary use is scarce or non-existent. To assess features of novel veterinary tissue engineered medical devices, it is therefore reasonable to compare with currently available human devices. During the development and regulatory approval phases, human medical devices that may have been identified as comparable to a novel veterinary device, may serve as predicate devices and accelerate approval in the veterinary domain. The purpose of the study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of the biomembrane for use in skin repair indications. Methods: In the study as a whole (3 year total length), 15 patients (animals), dogs and cats (male/female, 2 cm), with a wound depth equivalent to 2nd/3rd degree burns are to be studied from Day 0 to Day 120-240, post-application of the biomembrane. This interim report covers the 5 patients assessed to date and deemed eligible, of which 3 enrolled, and 2 have completed the treatment. Wound beds were prepared and acellular collagen biomembranes (Eva Scientific Ltd, São Paulo, Brazil) applied directly onto the wounds, and sutured at the margins to the patient's adjacent tissue. Wound size over time, healing rate, general skin quality and suppleness were assessed as outcomes. Qualitative (appearance and palpation) and quantitative (based on Image Analysis of photographs) wound assessment techniques were used. Results: Both patients’ wounds healed fully, with no adverse effects, and the healing rate was comparable in both, maxing out at approximately 1 cm 2/day. Conclusions: Early results on the biomembrane's safety and efficacy indicate suitability for skin repair usage in veterinary patients.

Oral diseases have an impact on the general condition and quality of life of patients. After a dento-alveolar trauma, a tooth extraction, or, in the case of some genetic skeletal diseases, a maxillary bone defect, can be observed, leading to the impossibility of placing a dental implant for the restoration of masticatory function. Recently, bone neoformation was demonstrated after in vivo implantation of polycaprolactone (PCL) biomembranes functionalized with bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) and ibuprofen in a mouse maxillary bone lesion. In the present study, human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were added on BMP-2 functionalized PCL biomembranes and implanted in a maxillary bone lesion. Viability of hBM-MSCs on the biomembranes has been observed using the “LIVE/DEAD” viability test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Maxillary bone regeneration was observed for periods ranging from 90 to 150 days after implantation. Various imaging methods (histology, micro-CT) have demonstrated bone remodeling and filling of the lesion by neoformed bone tissue. The presence of mesenchymal stem cells and BMP-2 allows the acceleration of the bone remodeling process. These results are encouraging for the effectiveness and the clinical use of this new technology combining growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow in a bioresorbable membrane.

The importance of using biomimicking membranes for various biological applications is rising, as such models are relevant for imitating real organisms. In addition, biomimicking membranes are usually much more repeatable in preparation and easier to handle during analysis than real organisms or biological membranes. In this work, we developed a method for the adsorption of intact small unilamellar Escherichia coli (E. coli) vesicles (Z-average size of 73 nm) on SiO2 substrate material. We describe the adsorption process based on the use of two surface sensitive techniques, i.e., nanoplasmonic sensing (NPS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The acquired data show that the adsorption follows a two-step process. The first step is a slow adsorption of E. coli vesicle aggregates held together by 5 mM of calcium (Z-average size of 531 nm). The Z-average of the aggregates decreased almost three times when the calcium concentration was decreased to 0.1 mM. This suggests that the aggregates were disassembling to some extent when calcium was removed from the system. With both techniques, i.e., NPS and QCM, we observed a second rapid adsorption step after the solution was changed to deionized water. In this second step, the aggregates started to fall apart as the calcium concentration dropped, and the released vesicles started to adsorb onto unoccupied spots at the SiO2 surface of the sensors. Extensive release of mass from the surface was confirmed by QCM, where it was reflected by a sharp increase of frequency, while NPS, due to its lower sensing depth of a few tens of nanometers, did not record such a change. Taken together, we have developed a protocol to form a supported vesicle layer (SVL) of E. coli vesicles on SiO2 surface using sodium 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonate buffer, thus enabling the preparation of E. coli biomimicking SVLs for interaction studies of compounds of interest. The immobilization happens via a two-step adsorption process.

Artificial lipid bilayers have revolutionized biochemical and biophysical research by providing a versatile interface to study aspects of cell membranes and membrane-bound processes in a controlled environment. Artificial bilayers also play a central role in numerous biosensing applications, form the foundational interface for liposomal drug delivery, and provide a vital structure for the development of synthetic cells. But unlike the envelope in many living cells, artificial bilayers can be mechanically fragile. Here, we develop prototype scaffolds for artificial bilayers made from multiple chemically linked tiers of actin filaments that can be bonded to lipid headgroups. We call the interlinked and layered assembly a multiple minimal actin cortex (multi-MAC). Construction of multi-MACs has the potential to significantly increase the bilayer's resistance to applied stress while retaining many desirable physical and chemical properties that are characteristic of lipid bilayers. Furthermore, the linking chemistry of multi-MACs is generalizable and can be applied almost anywhere lipid bilayers are important. This work describes a filament-by-filament approach to multi-MAC assembly that produces distinct 2D and 3D architectures. The nature of the structure depends on a combination of the underlying chemical conditions. Using fluorescence imaging techniques in model planar bilayers, we explore how multi-MACs vary with electrostatic charge, assembly time, ionic strength, and type of chemical linker. We also assess how the presence of a multi-MAC alters the underlying lateral diffusion of lipids and investigate the ability of multi-MACs to withstand exposure to shear stress.

Abstract Recent research has shown that latex from different species is able to produce tissue replacement and regeneration. Particularly, biomembranes obtained from Hancornia speciosa latex (HSB) have shown high angiogenic and osteogenic activity. Considering new materials for wound healing, it would be interesting to develop a product combining antibacterial and antifungal activities. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been commonly used for this purpose in medicinal products and devices for decades. In order to combine angiogenic, antibacterial and antifungal properties on the same platform, we developed an HSB containing 3 concentrations of AgNP. It was observed that the HSB successfully accommodated the AgNP in the matrix and released them in a controlled way. The release dynamics of AgNP by HSB was described by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The released nanoparticles were evaluated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements. In addition, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were evaluated using the Allium cepa assay. The results showed no cytotoxic effect of HSB-AgNP in all studied concentrations. The genotoxic effect was observed in HSB-AgNP at the two highest concentrations, however not at the lowest concentration. Thus, the addition of AgNP at the lowest concentration can improve the pharmacological activity of HSB without causing a toxic effect on vegetal cells. Therefore, the H. speciosa latex biomembrane presented in this paper combines angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties and can be considered potentially new biomaterial for wound-healing. Graphical Abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • A new material for wound healing is proposed combining nanoparticules and biomembranes. • AgNP is released by biomembrane in a controlled form. • Genotoxic concentration of AgNP released by biomembrane was obtained. • AgNP improves the pharmacological potential of membranes without causing cell damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]