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Using non-destructive and low-cost methods to determine leaf area has gained important applications. The research objectives were (i) to propose a non-destructive method to estimate the leaf area of castor bean crops and (ii) to build equations that accurately and quickly estimate the leaf area of specie. One thousand healthy and expanded leaves of five castor bean cultivars (New Zealand Purple, Sipeal, Carmencita, Amarelo de Irecê, and IAC-80) were collected, and 200 leaves were collected from each. The maximum length, maximum width, and leaf area were calculated for each leaf. The product between length and width (LW) were calculated. We performed tests with different linear and non-linear regression models between leaf area and linear leaf dimensions of each cultivar. The models used were linear, linear without intercept, and power. The criteria for choosing the best models to estimate the leaf area of castor beans were a higher coefficient of determination, more elevated Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient, lower Akaike information criterion, higher Willmott agreement index, and smallest root mean square error. The equations that presented the best criteria for estimating the leaf area of castor bean cultivars were those that used the product between length and width, compared to equations that used only one leaf dimension. The model ŷ = 0.439 × LW can be used to accurately and quickly estimate the castor bean leaf area through linear measurements of the leaves, using the product between length and width (LW), regardless of the cultivar chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Propiedad Inmaterial is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Centro de Estudios de la Propriedad Intelectual and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae is the property of Uniwerystet Kardynala Stefana Wyznskiege w Warzawie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Micropropagated seedlings need to be morphologically, anatomically and physiologically prepared for planting in the field, and the environmental conditions adopted during this acclimatization process are determinant for the successful establishment of seedlings. Height, pseudostem diameter, number of leaves, length of the largest root, fresh and dry matter weights, and accumulation of nutrients in micropropagated seedlings of banana cv. 'Prata Catarina' were evaluated in cultivation under greenhouse, air-conditioned room and shade net tunnel conditions. Micropropagated seedlings subjected to 14 days in a tunnel and 49 days in a greenhouse showed a trend of increase in height, pseudostem diameter, number of leaves and length of the largest root, although no significant differences were observed. On the other hand, for the fresh and dry matter weights and accumulation of nutrients, significant differences were observed between this treatment and the others. It is concluded that, for the acclimatization of micropropagated seedlings of banana cv. 'Prata Catarina', the most suitable condition is the combination of tunnel (with one layer of 50% shade net) for 14 days, followed by 49 days in a greenhouse. These conditions can be adopted by producers when acclimatizing micropropagated banana seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del estudio de un conjunto paleontológico recuperado en la cueva de Oilaskoa entre 1981 y 1986. La ubicación de esta cueva en el extremo occidental del Pirineo, a 1036 metros de altitud y su aislamiento con respecto a otras acumulaciones del mismo tipo, hacen de este conjunto una oportunidad única para conocer la población de Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller que pobló el occidente del Pirineo durante el Pleistoceno superior. ABSTRACT: This work presents the results of the study of a paleontological group recovered in the Oilaskoa cave between 1981 and 1986. The location of this sit in the western end of the Pyrenees at 1036 meters of altitude and its isolation with respect to other accumulations of the same type, Oilaskoa a unique opportunity to get to know the population of Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller. In the following pages, this accumulation of 3310 remains is contextualized and analyzed. A series of numerical dating (AAR) have made possible to locate its formation between MIS 4 and MIS 3. Subsequently, we proceed to a description detailed analysis of the remains studied, including an analysis of the Ursus spelaeus population, based on dental wear and a biometric analysis. All this allows a comparative analysis carried out with other groups of similar characteristics located in the Iberian Peninsula.

En este trabajo se presenta el estudio realizado en torno a los restos de cánido descubierto de manera casual en la Torca de la Dehesa (Ondategi, Álava-Araba). Durante este estudio se ha procedido a datar y estudiar un conjunto de 61 restos craneales y postcraneales pertenecientes a un solo individuo. Las dataciones obtenidas sitúan los restos en el MIS 6; el análisis biométrico y morfológico han permitido clasificar los restos como pertenecientes a un ejemplar de Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758. El estudio biogeográfico ha permitido contextualizar a nivel regional este hallazgo.

O estudo das propriedades físicas das sementes é essencial para determinar a abordagem específica na fabricação de equipamentos destinados ao processamento de sementes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as propriedades físicas de sementes de ubim. Para tanto, foram realizadas medidas de comprimento, largura e espessura com paquímetro e a massa determinada em balança de precisão. Os resultados foram calculados por meio de equações que permitiram a caracterização das propriedades físicas dessas sementes. Dentre os parâmetros calculados, a esfericidade, com desvio padrão de 3,21%, destacou-se por apresentar baixa variação e garantir a similaridade do formato esférico das sementes. A análise mostrou que as sementes apresentam formato arredondado e tamanho uniforme dentro do lote estudado.

Butia eriospatha (Martius ex Drude) Beccari is a palm tree endemic to the southern region of Brazil, of economic and cultural value. Currently, the species is classified as endangered, due to agricultural expansion, urbanization and difficulties in propagating the species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of NPK fertilizers on the initial growth of transplanted seedlings of B. eriospatha. The seedlings were obtained from a natural regeneration area in the municipality of Curitibanos (SC), and transplanted to 2.6 L pots containing Carolina Soil® commercial substrate. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design. To analyze the effect of fertilizers, seven treatments were used, namely the application of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), phosphorus and nitrogen (PN), nitrogen and potassium (NK) and phosphorus and potassium (PK), containing 20 replicates each and totaling 140 seedlings. The fertilizers used in the experiment were urea, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride, applied every two weeks. Every two months, the neck diameter and stem height were evaluated for 22 months. The best treatment for the biometric growth of B. eriospatha seedlings transplanted to Carolina Soil® commercial substrate was the association of phosphorus and nitrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoometry has proven to be a valuable tool for differentiating individuals within and between populations. The objective of this study was to validate the use of the Kinovea® V2023.1.1 (KV) software to obtain zoometric measurements. 50 crossbred swines (Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire) aged over eight months were used, seven morphometric variables were measured with three stick zoometers and photographs were taken in the lateral plane to evaluate the morphometric measurements in KV and the rear elevation was used a cross as a reference measurement to calibrate the KV. The independent Student’s T test was applied and no significant difference (P>0.05) was found between the two methods. The results of manual measurements by stickzoometers were: height at the withers 75.9 ± 4.85 cm, rump 81.14 ± 5.25 cm and tail rise 73.2 ± 5.35 cm; longitudinal diameters 106.9 ± 8.44 cm and sternal dorsum 42.7 ± 4.07 cm; head lengths 31.38 ± 3.69 cm and rump 34.66 ± 4.08 cm. The results of measurements obtained with KV were similar: height at withers 75.9 ± 4.85 cm, rump 82.24 ± 6.11 cm, tail rise 74.50 ± 6.26 cm; longitudinal diameters 108.87 ± 11.46 cm and sternal dorsum 44.07 ± 4.78 cm; head lengths 31.00 ± 5.10 cm and rump 34.89 ± 3.87 cm. It is concluded that the use of Kinovea® is feasible to obtain body measurements in pigs without resorting to invasive methods that cause stress to the animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie neuronaukowych perspektyw badania filmu. W pierwszej kolejności zostają zarysowane podstawy rozwoju badań empirycznych i konceptualnych: teoria kognitywna, koncepcja ucieleśnionego poznania, neuroestetyka oraz szczególne modele kina (kino ucieleśnione oraz kino enaktywne). Następnie, odwołując się do ustaleń Vittoria Gallesego oraz Miguela Guerry, autorka tekstu wskazuje trzy główne perspektywy rozwoju neuronaukowych badań kina: 1) częściową reinterpretację teorii i historii kina przez pryzmat nowych narzędzi badawczych, 2) badania empiryczne dotyczące technik i strategii filmowych, 3) rozwój nowych form technologicznych implementowanych do przemysłu filmowego. W dalszej kolejności zostają zaprezentowane wybrane eksperymenty z zakresu neurobadań filmu, w tym pionierski eksperyment grupy badawczej Uriego Hassona oraz badanie dotyczące identyfikacji z postaciami filmowymi przeprowadzone na podstawie serialu Gra o tron (Game of Thrones, HBO, 2011-2019). Pojawia się tu również odniesienie do badań nad montażem filmowym prowadzonych głównie przez grupę Javiera Sanz-Aznara. Autorka przedstawia je w perspektywie krytycznej, uwzględniając problem neurorealizmu. Ostatnia część artykułu zawiera analizę założeń neurofilmologii będącej próbą centralizacji rozproszonych refleksji nad neurokinem (ujęcie Adriana D’Aloii i Ruggera Eugeniego oraz krytyczna perspektywa Marii Poulaki). Autorka tekstu uzupełnia ów namysł własnymi konkluzjami co do potencjalnych kierunków rozwoju neurobadań nad kinem.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las diferencias que presentan tres especies del género Orestias (O. luteus, O. olivaceus y O. agassii), en biometría, composición proximal de macronutrientes y perfil de ácidos grasos. Se emplearon un total de 90 peces y se procedió a medir longitud total (LT), longitud estándar (LE) y peso total (Pt) (n = 30 por especie), y 10 peces por cada grupo al azar para determinar ácidos grasos. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre especies; el valor mayor lo obtuvo Orestias agassii (LT de 13,00 ± 0,14 cm, LE de 11,86 ± 0,91 cm y Pt de 27,54 ± 2,78 g). Para ácidos grasos se evidenciaron valores ligeramente altos en PUFA (38,56 ± 0,81%), LC PUFA n-3 (25,70 ± 0,28%) y LC PUFA n-6 (13,92 ± 0,81%) en O. luteus. También se encontró un mayor contenido de ácido vaccénico (18:1ω11) en O. agassii (6,04 ± 0,01 g 100-1 ácido graso), correspondiente a una mayor ingesta de algas. Se recomienda desarrollar trabajos en enriquecimiento de fuentes de EPA + DHA en piensos para estas especies que permitan demostrar su potencial acuícola, en la búsqueda de una nutrición saludable de especies acuáticas.

Biometrics and forensic osteology play a significant role in human identification, as the morphological uniqueness of every individual enables the differentiation and recognition of skeletal remains. Through meticulous analysis of human remains, it is possible to determine key demographic attributes such as stature, a significant parameter in the forensic identification process. This information is of practical relevance for the identification of individuals in contexts such as disasters, vehicular accidents, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, and forensic investigations. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the hand's middle finger length and stature in a group of Chilean students. A total of 211 students of both sexes from La Araucanía region, Chile, participated in the study. After obtaining informed consent to participate voluntarily in the study, each individual underwent a general anthropometric examination, followed by a specific assessment of the length of the middle finger (MFL) of both hands. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated a significant prediction of stature using the length of the right (R-MFL) and left (L-MFL) middle fingers, F (2, 207) = 79.80, p < 0.001. The equations for estimating stature based on the length of the middle fingers are as follows: for R-MFL, Stature = 91.265 + (8.092 × R-MFL), and for L-MFL, Stature = 83.967 + (8.889 × L-MF). Based on these results, it was found that the length of the middle finger of both hands is predictive of stature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal el desarrollo de un sistema de reconocimiento de voz y texto para mejorar la seguridad en la identificación de usuarios. Para el desarrollo del sistema se implementaron metodologías de aprendizaje profundo y diversas librerías de Python, incluyendo Speech_recognition, Pyttsx3, y Librosa, entre otras. El sistema fue evaluado en un entorno controlado utilizando 50 muestras de voz, obteniendo una precisión del 74 %. Los resultados indicaron que el 61.53 % de los errores se debieron a fallos en la identificación de la voz y el 30.76 % a discrepancias en la coincidencia del texto generado. Estos hallazgos subrayan la efectividad general del sistema, aunque también señalan la necesidad de ajustar los umbrales de similaridad y mejorar los algoritmos de reconocimiento para incrementar su precisión y robustez. Se concluye que el sistema presenta una solución prometedora para la autenticación biométrica de voz, mostrando un balance entre precisión y áreas de mejora que refuerzan su utilidad en aplicaciones de seguridad informática.

Se realizó la evaluación de longitud y el crecimiento de Lutjanus guttatus, L. peru y L. argentiventris, capturados por la flota artesanal que desembarca en la comunidad de Búcaro, Panamá, por un período de seis meses, se describe la composición de tallas, la relación peso vs longitud total, se estimó el crecimiento basado en la estructura de tallas mensuales, para lo cual se describe L? , coeficiente catabólico k, la edad hipotética to para la longitud 0, además el índice de evaluación de ?’ y la longevidad A0,95, se desarrolló la ecuación de von Bertalanffy para cada especie y el análisis de la progresión modal “VBGF”. La longitud total varió entre 204 y 648 mm y el peso osciló entre 85 y 3 373 g, para las tres especies, la relación de estas variables mostró un crecimiento isométrico, la progresión modal indicó dos cohortes definidas de L. guttatus, no así en las otras especies. Los resultados son un aporte de línea base para el desarrollo del estudio de la biología pesquera artesanal de la zona del Pacífico centroamericano.

Objective: To evaluate intraocular lens power calculation and postoperative refractive errors in patients with high myopia undergoing cataract surgery, comparing predicted target refraction and actual postoperative refraction measured 30 days after surgery with SRK/T formula. Methods: This retrospective analysis comprised 39 eyes of 31 patients undergoing cataract surgery through phacoemulsification with in-the-bag IOL implantation. Axial length was measured by partial coherence interferometry or immersion ultrasound biometry, with measurements greater than 26 mm and preoperative myopia greater than -6.0 D Manifest refraction was performed at the 1-month postoperative visit, and the spherical equivalent was analyzed. Results: After analysis of 39 eyes of 31 patients undergoing cataract surgery with a mean axial length of 30.4 (standard deviation of 2.2) mm, the mean preoperative refractive spherical equivalent was -15.6 (standard deviation of 7.6) D, ranging from -24.0 to -13.4 D. At 30 days postoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was -0.35 (standard deviation of 1.1) D, ranging from -2.4 to 2.50 D. Conclusion: We encountered a correlation between the absolute refractive error and the dioptric power of the intraocular lens. Against expectations, in our study, ultrasound biometry yielded better results than the optical biometer device, probably due to the small number of patients undergoing optical biometry, suggesting that well-performed immersion biometry can still produce satisfactory results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: The paper explores the implementation of two-factor authentication (2FA) in computer systems, addressing the increasing need for enhanced security. It highlights the vulnerabilities of password-based authentication and emphasizes the advantages of 2FA in mitigating digital threats. The development of the VoiceAuth application, integrating 2FA through a combination of password and voice authentication, serves as a practical illustration. Methods: The research adopts a three-tier architecture for the VoiceAuth application, encompassing a database, server-side REST API, and clientside single-page application. Speaker verification is employed for voice authentication, analyzing elements like pitch, rhythm, and vocal tract shapes.The paper also discusses possibilities for future upgrades, suggesting enhancements such as real-time voice verification and additional 2FA methods. Results: The application's implementation involves a detailed breakdown of the REST API architecture, Single Page Applications (SPAs), and the Speaker Verification service. Conclusion: The research underscores the crucial role of two-factor authentication (2FA) in bolstering the security of computer systems. The VoiceAuth application serves as a practical demonstration, showcasing the successful integration of 2FA through a combination of password and voice authentication. The modular architecture of the application allows for potential upgrades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pimelodella is one of the most diverse genera of the family Heptapteridae with approximately 83 valid species. However, the taxonomy of this genus is problematic since it lacks a phylogenetic diagnosis and its species present conserved morphologies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the morphological variation of seven species of Pimelodella from the Orinoco River basin in Colombia. For this, 93 specimens grouped into seven species were used, which were oriented and scaled through a Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA). Size explains part of the variation in shape in the Pimelodella species analyzed. The Canonical Variable Analysis (CVA) performed on the residuals indicates that the first two components account for 92.4 % of the total variation, where there is an overlap between P. figueroai, P. megalops, P. metae, and Pimelodella sp.. However, most of the specimens remained relatively cohesive in their respective species. The typicality probability revealed an overall classification accuracy of 86.0 % for the cross-validated data. Geometric morphometrics allowed us to detect shape differences in Pimelodella species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of National Security Review / Nemzetbiztonsági Szemle is the property of National University of Public Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: Durante elembarazo varios factores pueden interactuar sobre el organismo en formación. Parte de los cuidados prenatales se centran en detectar desviaciones del crecimiento fetal. Objetivo: Describir las variables biométricas fetales primarias y la asociación de las enfermedades maternas con la condición trófica del recién nacido. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, analítico y retrospectivo, con una población de 5432 y una muestra de 4131 gestantes, seleccionada por muestreo no probabilístico, intencional, por criterios. Los datos fueron obtenidos del registro de consultas de genética desde enero de 2013 hasta octubre de 2018. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el test de Kruskal Wallis, la prueba post hoc de Dunn-Bonferroni, ji cuadrado y V de Cramer. Resultados: Prevaleció el incremento de las medianas de las variables biométricas, según la condición trófica y semana gestacional, predominó la significación estadística, al igual que las diferencias significativas en todos los contrastes dos a dos realizados. Las gestantes de peso adecuado preponderaron en cada condición al nacer, los recién nacidos pequeños se relacionaron con los trastornos hipertensivos durante el embarazo, la sepsis vaginal y la diabetes mellitus mientras que los recién nacidos grandes predominaron en madres con la glucemia alterada y anemia. Conclusiones: Las mediciones biométricas y las fórmulas de estimación del peso fetal pueden advertir las desviaciones del crecimiento fetal y la condición trófica al nacer. Las variables maternas se relacionaron con la condición trófica del recién nacido.

Copyright of Belügyi Szemle / Academic Journal of Internal Affairs is the property of Ministry of Interior of Hungary and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Biometric technology has transformed human biological characteristics into a new form of privacy, and the misuse of this technology poses challenges to protecting this new privacy. This article initially defines biometric technology and biometric characteristics, further demonstrating why biometric characteristics belong to personal privacy and how biometric technology poses challenges to its protection. Through analysis, this article argues that the essence of these challenges is the conflicts between the ethical principle of privacy protection and the ethical principle of maximizing social benefits. In order to address these challenges, it is necessary first to weigh the fundamental ethical principles. The two basic principles of privacy protection and maximizing social benefits are not mutual antagonism but hierarchy, and this hierarchy should be based on the principle of practical feasibility. That is, applying biometric technology should first meet the principle of practical feasibility and, on this premise, realize the principle of maximizing social benefits based on not infringing on the principle of privacy protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering / Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Produção is the property of Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: analizar la vitamina B12 y su relación con los trastornos hematológicos en la edad adulta tardía, evaluando biomarcadores de mayor interés y confiabilidad en el diagnóstico del déficit de esta vitamina. Metodología: se realizó un diseño analítico, transversal, de campo que relacionó las causas entre sí, obteniendo los indicadores de vitamina B12 y trastornos hematológicos en el adulto mayor. Se incluyeron a 85 pacientes provenientes del cantón Tisaleo de la provincia de Tungurahua caracterizados por ser adultos mayores de 65 a 90 años, tanto hombres como mujeres, independientemente de etnia, raza, o situación social-económica Resultados: no se encontró una asociación entre los niveles bajos de vitamina B12 con algún trastorno hematológico, dado que los valores medios de la muestra están dentro de los parámetros normales. Sin embargo, en el percentil 25 y 50 se encontraron concentraciones disminuidas de vitamina B12, pero los valores de hemoglobina (HBG), hematocrito (HCT) y volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) estaban normales. En el percentil 75 los niveles de vitamina B12 se encontraron normales, pero dentro de los componentes del hemograma, el volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) se identificó levemente elevado. Conclusiones: la vitamina B12 es una sustancia esencial que participa en distintos mecanismos metabólicos de las personas. En el estudio se determinó que los niveles de esta vitamina están dentro de los parámetros normales y no se asoció con algún trastorno hematológico.

The objective of this review was to examine the different biometric data encryption techniques or algorithms used in authentication for information security. Consequently, the PRISMA methodology was used to select articles in different databases during the period between 2019 and 2023. The databases used were SCOPUS, SCIELO and GOOGLE ACADEMICO, where when applying the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were considered 13 articles for this research. In this way, it was possible to notice the need to apply encryption algorithms as a form of attack prevention and aimed at meeting the objectives of information security, the most used being AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and encryption chaotic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents for the first time morphometric data from large samples of free-living individuals of Chlamydotis bustards (448 MacQueen's Bustards, 288 African Houbaras, and 53 Canarian Houbaras). Linear measurements were largest in MacQueen's Bustards, intermediate in African Houbaras and smallest in Canarian Houbaras, with differences between the largest and smallest species ranging from 4.5% to 13.9%. Male MacQueen's Bustards were also the heaviest (4% and 15.5% heavier than, respectively, African and Canarian Houbara males) but, unexpectedly, there were no significant weight differences among females of the three bustards. Males of the three bustards were significantly larger than females in all linear measurements and weight. These between-species/subspecies differences are consistent with a slight trend to insular dwarfism that probably selects for smaller size in the Canarian subspecies. Males are larger and heavier than females in the three bustards, as expected in polygynous species, suggesting a moderate effect of sexual selection acting on male size. Finally, the slightly higher sexual size dimorphism values observed in wings and tarsi in MacQueen's bustards compared to both subspecies of African Houbaras are in line with the allometric constraint hypothesis.—Alonso, J.C., Dieuleveut, T., Palacín, C., Abril-Colón, I., Ucero, A. & Lucas, C. (2023). Morphometrics of Houbara Bustards Chlamydotis spp: sexual size dimorphism, seasonal changes and differences between species. Ardeola, 70: 235-247. Este estudio presenta por primera vez datos biométricos de muestras significativas de individuos silvestres de avutardas del género Chlamydotis (448 avutardas de MacQueen, 288 hubaras africanas y 53 hubaras canarias). La avutarda de MacQueen presentó las medidas lineales mayores, con valores intermedios en la subespecie nominal de hubara africana y menores en la subespecie insular canaria, con diferencias del 4,5% al 13,9% entre la primera y la última. Los machos de avutarda de MacQueen fueron también los más pesados (un 4% y un 15,5% respectivamente más que los de hubara africana y canaria), pero no hubo diferencias de peso significativas entre las hembras de las tres avutardas. Los machos de las tres avutardas mostraron un tamaño y un peso significativamente mayores que las hembras. Estas diferencias entre especies y subespecies son consistentes con una ligera tendencia al enanismo insular, que probablemente ejerce una selección hacia un menor tamaño en la subespecie canaria. Los machos fueron más grandes y pesados que las hembras en las tres avutardas, como es esperable en especies poligínicas, lo que sugiere un efecto moderado de la selección sexual sobre el tamaño de los machos. Por último, los valores de dimorfismo sexual ligeramente superiores observados en las alas y los tarsos de las avutardas de MacQueen en comparación con las dos subespecies de hubaras africanas están en consonancia con la hipótesis de la restricción alométrica.—Alonso, J.C., Dieuleveut, T., Palacín, C., Abril-Colón, I., Ucero, A. y Lucas, C. (2023). Biometría de avutardas hubaras Chlamydotis spp: dimorfismo sexual, variaciones estacionales y diferencias entre especies. Ardeola, 70: 235-247. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variability in morphology and body size between populations of the same species is common and can be influenced by environmental conditions or differential migratory strategies. We focused on analysing body size differences between Yellow-legged gulls Larus michahellis from Mediterranean and Cantabrian-Atlantic Iberian colonies as previous studies have suggested that Cantabrian-Atlantic gulls are smaller than Mediterranean gulls. However, those analyses were based on small sample sizes or did not account for sexual dimorphism. Here we analyse an extensive biometric data set (> 1,500 adult individuals), separating males and females, from nine different sites in each region. Our results reveal a 7% (median) difference both between regions and sexes, for most morphometric variables, with Mediterranean gulls having longer legs (tarsi) and heads (cranium-bill) and thicker bills (bill-depth). This inter-regional difference was even larger for body mass, Mediterranean gulls being 11% (males) and 20% (females) heavier than Cantabrian-Atlantic gulls. In particular, we found that individuals from the Mediterranean populations were allometrically longer-winged than their northern counterparts. We suggest, after discarding other factors, that this wing allometry may be related to the sedentariness of the Cantabrian-Atlantic gulls, compared with the partially migratory strategy of Mediterranean gulls. We also suggest that the larger body size of Mediterranean gulls may help them compete better with resident gulls for food acquisition, once they coincide in the Cantabrian-Atlantic region. Finally, females from both populations were also found to be proportionately longer-winged than males. We hypothesise that this difference could allow smaller females to travel longer distances locally in search of food or to make use of different habitat types, avoiding foraging competition with the larger males.—Marcos Pacheco, M.L., Tavecchia, G., Igual, J.M., Alonso-Álvarez, C., Arizaga, J., Galarza, A., Oro, D. & Martínez-Abraín, A. (2023). Yellow-legged Gulls from the Mediterranean are not only larger but also allometrically longer-winged than those from the Cantabrian-Atlantic. Ardeola, 70: 225-240. La variabilidad en la morfología y el tamaño del cuerpo es común entre poblaciones de la misma especie y puede verse influenciada por las condiciones ambientales o por estrategias migratorias diferenciales. En este trabajo nos centramos en analizar las diferencias de tamaño corporal entre las gaviotas patiamarillas Larus michahellis del Mediterráneo y de las colonias ibéricas cántabro-atlánticas, ya que estudios previos sugirieron un tamaño más pequeño de las gaviotas del Cantábrico/Atlántico en comparación con las gaviotas mediterráneas. Sin embargo, esos análisis se realizaron empleando tamaños de muestra pequeños o no tuvieron en cuenta el gran dimorfismo sexual de la especie. Aquí, analizamos un extenso conjunto de datos biométricos (> 1,500 individuos adultos), separando machos y hembras, de nueve sitios diferentes en cada una de las dos regiones. Nuestros resultados revelaron una diferencia del 7% (mediana) tanto entre regiones como entre sexos, para la mayoría de las variables morfométricas, teniendo las gaviotas mediterráneas patas (tarsos) y cabezas (cráneo-pico) más largos y picos (altura de pico) más gruesos. Esta diferencia entre regiones fue aún mayor en el peso, siendo las gaviotas mediterráneas un 11% (machos) y un 20% (hembras) más pesadas que las gaviotas cántabro-atlánticas. Es importante destacar que los individuos de las poblaciones mediterráneas tuvieron alas alométricamente más largas que sus contrapartes del norte. Sugerimos que esta alometría alar puede estar relacionada con el sedentarismo de las gaviotas cantábrico-atlánticas, frente a la estrategia parcialmente migratoria de las gaviotas mediterráneas, tras descartar otros factores. También sugerimos que el mayor tamaño corporal de las gaviotas mediterráneas podría ayudarles a competir mejor con las gaviotas residentes por la adquisición de alimento, una vez coinciden en la región cántabro-atlántica. Finalmente, también se encontró que las hembras de ambas poblaciones tuvieron alas proporcionalmente más largas que los machos. Proponemos que esa diferencia podría permitir que las hembras (más pequeñas) viajen distancias más largas a nivel local en busca de alimento o hagan uso de diferentes tipos de hábitat, evitando la competencia de forrajeo con los machos más grandes.—Marcos Pacheco, M.L., Tavecchia, G., Igual, J.M., Alonso-Álvarez, C., Arizaga, J., Galarza, A., Oro, D. y Martínez-Abraín, A. (2023). Las gaviotas patiamarillas del Mediterráneo no sólo son más grandes que las cántabro-atlánticas sino que además tienen alas alométricamente más largas. Ardeola, 70: 225-240. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Estudiantil AGRO - VET is the property of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Camucamuzeiro (Myrciaria dubia), a plant of the Myrtaceae family, is a fruit tree native to the Amazon region, occurring spontaneously in floodplains and on the banks of rivers and lakes. The objective of this work was to quantify the pulp yield and evaluate the morphometric characters of fruits and seeds in camucamuzeiro accessions established as progeny in the Germplasm Collection of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental in Belém, Pará. The physical characterization of the fruits was carried out based on a sample of 1600 fruits harvested from 32 progenies. The fruits were individually characterized according to the following aspects: weight, length, diameter, peel thickness and number of seeds per fruit. Seeds of 10 fruits per treatment were evaluated for weight, length, width and thickness. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with 32 progenies, and then the data. The results showed that the camucamuzeiro fruits have an average weight of 8.15g. The progenies CPATU-83 and CPATU-61 were the ones that stood out in terms of weight, with fruits presenting an average weight of over 11 grams. The average fruit length and diameter were 2.22 cm and 2.39 cm, respectively. The number of seeds averaged 1.92 seeds per fruit. Regarding °Brix, amplitudes of 10.70° and 6.93° occurred in the progenies CPATU-27 and CPATU-28. The pulp percentage of the progenies had an average of 68.70%, being CPATU-54, 62, 23, 24 and 17 statistically higher than the others. The percentage of seeds per fruit showed significant differences with the highest percentage of seeds in CPATU-27, 31 and 30, and the lowest value in fruits of the CPATU-23 plant. The germplasm collection of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental allows the identification of wide genetic variability among progenies of M. dubia. The camucamuzeiro progenies CPATU-17, 23, 24, 54 and 62 showed higher pulp yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significance tests play a very important role in the scientific community, and the biomedical research community is not an exception. This is due, on the one hand, to the widespread use of the test in scientific methodology and the corresponding frequency of its application in research, and, on the other hand, to the general misinterpretation of the results obtained using this method. Misunderstanding of significance testing in academia and erroneous conclusions in research, regardless of the scientific field, are at the root of the distrust of this statistical method. This article aims to give insight into the relevance of this kind of method in the biomedical field and find a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon, and subsequently regulate the correct interpretation of the null hypothesis significance test (NHST), as well as consider alternative statistical methods. In addition, some relevant empirical studies from a geographical and multidisciplinary perspective will be presented to determine the real extent of misspecification at the academic level. In this way, both practical and theoretical arguments will be applied to address the problem of NHST at multiple levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phaseolus lunatus es una especie única que caracteriza a la cultura moche, ubicada en la costa norte de Perú y evidencia de ello son las representaciones arqueológicas. Ante la existencia de una gran diversidad de ecotipos, resulta fundamental determinar la morfometría de vainas y semillas. Para ello, se recolectaron 200 vainas maduras durante el primer trimestre del 2021, estas procedieron de dos pequeñas parcelas agrícolas del distrito de Moche. El muestreo fue completamente al azar, seleccionándose 50 unidades experimentales y aplicando un análisis estadístico de tipo descriptivo. Durante la fase experimental se consideraron como variables la longitud, el ancho, el peso, el número de semillas y el peso de semillas en la vaina y su longitud, ancho y peso. Los resultados fueron analizados con el software R, hallándose que P. lunatus presenta la forma lima, con semillas de color blanco y negro. La vaina tiene una longitud de 12,863 ± 0,471 cm, mientras que el ancho es de 2,567 ± 0,198 cm. El peso de las vainas es de 6,914 ± 0,693 g, además de contar con 2,667 ± 0,226 de semillas por vaina, las cuales tienen un peso total de 4,684 ± 0,560 g. Por otro lado, las semillas tienen una longitud de 2,193 ± 0,052 cm, un ancho de 1,380 ± 0,053 cm y un peso de 1,393 ± 0,078 g. Se concluye que la morfometría de las vainas y las semillas de P. lunatus podrían ser usadas en estudios futuros para diferenciar y caracterizar el ecotipo pallar mochero.

Introducción. Diversas técnicas de modelación se han utilizado para analizar experimentos con medidas repetidas en el tiempo; no obstante, algunas de estas no son pertinentes en la actualidad. Objetivo. Comparar cuatro estrategias de análisis que se usan para analizar experimentos agrícolas con evaluaciones a través del tiempo. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron datos de un experimento donde se evaluó el efecto de distintas fuentes de fertilizante nitrogenado sobre el contenido de clorofila en un pasto forrajero a diferentes edades de cosecha. Estos datos se analizaron con cuatro estrategias: índice de área bajo la curva (IABC), análisis de la varianza multivariado (MANOVA), efecto aleatorio de la unidad experimental y modelación de la correlación temporal. Las dos últimas estrategias se realizaron bajo la teoría de modelos lineales mixtos; en estas se ajustaron diferentes modelos, todos con la misma estructura de efectos fijos, pero con diferentes efectos aleatorios, estructura de correlación residual o estructura de varianza residual. Mediante criterios de verosimilitud penalizada [criterio de información de Akaike (AIC) y criterio de información Bayesiano (BIC)] se eligió el modelo de mejor ajuste, con este se realizaron inferencias acerca de las medias de los efectos fijos que fueron significativos y se comparó con los resultados obtenidos de las estrategias IABC y MANOVA. Resultados. El modelo lineal mixto de mejor ajuste tuvo una estructura de correlación de simetría compuesta y varianza heterocedástica. Este modelo permitió analizar la interacción tratamiento × tiempo; por el contrario, tanto el MANOVA como el IABC, no permitieron analizar las tendencias temporales de los tratamientos. Conclusión. El modelo lineal mixto de mejor ajuste posibilitó seleccionar el mejor tratamiento en función del tiempo de evaluación. Por el contrario, tanto el MANOVA como el IABC condujeron a la selección de tratamientos que no fueron los mejores en todos los tiempos de evaluación.

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Prunus campanulata is a species largely adopted for landscape composition in Brazil with limited seedling production by seed dormancy, lacking studies about in vitro propagation. This study aims to evaluate different P. campanulata seed pretreatments on germination, and the effect of GA3 on dormancy break and seedlings biometry. Seeds were processed in three treatments: complete seeds, seeds without endocarp, and isolated zygotic embryos incubated in a WPM medium containing different GA3 concentrations (0.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1). After 30 days of in vitro incubation were evaluated the germination percentage, mean germination time, percentage of normal seedlings, percentage of seedlings with leaves, and survival percentage were. Seedlings greater than 3.0 cm were selected for ex vitro adaptation, evaluating after 32 days the biometric variables: total length, aerial part length, root length, and the number of leaves. Complete seeds do not germinate, suggesting dormancy associated with the endocarp, whereas seeds without endocarp and isolated zygotic embryos showed the same germination rate, with no effect on GA3. The GA3 promoted greater seedling growth at concentrations between 1.89 mg L-1 for the total length of the isolated zygotic embryo and 2.24 mg L-1 for the length of the aerial part of seeds without endocarp. In conclusion, seed processing, i.e., removing the endocarp or isolating the zygotic embryo can overcome dormancy, improving germination and seedling production of P. campanulata in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variability of the morphological characteristics of fruit and seeds of guavira [Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg.] is quantified and the correlation between these characteristics is estimated. Longitudinal and transverse diameters were determined in a sample of 100 fruits, coupled to fresh fruit, peel and pulp masses; number of seeds per fruit; total soluble solids content and water content of the shell. Length, width, fresh mass and water content of 100 guavira seeds were also measured. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, adjustment of statistical distributions and Spearman´s correlation analysis (rS). Guavira fruits have high variability in fresh fruit masses, peel, pulp and seeds and in the number of seeds per fruit. The above information may be used in breeding programs and in the formation of homogeneous seed lots. Guavira fruit comprises 60% pulp, 36% peel and 4% seed. High pulp yield of the fruit may be optimized with the selection of fruits with greater longitudinal and transverse diameter and with higher mass due to the high degree of association between these characteristics and pulp yield. The longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit and the fresh mass of the fruit are excellent indicators for the selection of fruits with a greater number of seeds, which provides best propagation and operationalization of the guavira seedling production process in nurseries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to carry out the morphobiometric characterization of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Khaya grandifoliola. The fruits were characterized by evaluating length, diameter and thickness of the pericarp, and the seeds by length, width, thickness, weight of 1,000 seeds and moisture content. Germination and seedling morphology were also analyzed. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis and the seeds grouped into classes, through a frequency distribution, according to their length. The fruits of K. grandifoliola are capsule-type with longitudinal dehiscence, polyspermic, with approximately 48 seeds of intermediate predominance and flattened shape, with a slight extension in the tegument and slightly winged. The seeds vary in length from 19.84 to 38.31 mm, width from 18.10 to 20.77 mm and thickness from 2.25 to 2.82 mm, weight of 1,000 seeds was 274.12 g and moisture content was 6.8%. Primary root protrusion is visible from the fifth day after sowing, and germination is of the cryptocotyledon hypogeal type, with seedling formation at 14 days, with reddish-green primary leaves. The results obtained are important to support methodologies definition and future additions to the RAS on the K. grandifoliola species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]