Search

ABSTRACT Geofence is a virtual boundary that helps in location‐based services. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) fly without a pilot, and geofence helps in regulating these vehicles and constraints a UAV to enter the boundary of other UAV. However, these have to go through many safety and security features like avoiding collision, complying within the restricted area, and organizing airspaces with high traffic. The UAVs need to be within the boundaries to avoid various damages to property and loss of lives. Geofences help to detect boundary violation of UAVs to a great extent. This study uses various mathematical algorithms to create geofences and detect boundary violation of UAVs. The existing methods, Delaunay triangulation and triangle weight characterization with adjacency, are implemented. The existing methods have high execution time as well as high standard deviation and low accuracy. Further, a novel method for boundary violation detection is proposed using a convex hull to create geofences. The results show that the proposed method improves the execution time by 59.23% and accuracy by 1.35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim is to increase the understanding of non-sexual boundary challenges and potential personal and professional impacts on doctors and medical students. Method: We examined peer-reviewed and grey literature and published commentary and cases from Australian health practitioner boards and medico-legal insurance companies. Key ideas relating to the objective of our study were subsequently framed into a narrative. Results: Compared to 'sexual' boundary crossings, the literature examining 'non-sexual' boundaries is scanty, fragmented, and difficult to find. There are gaps in knowledge around the prevalence and consequences of non-sexual boundary challenges and crossings, although the safety and wellbeing of health professionals and patients are of concern. Non-sexual boundary crossings may represent a 'slippery slope' to boundary violations. Opportunities for doctors and medical students to access relevant training appear limited. Conclusions: We identified several categories of boundary challenges based on context, the nature of the existing relationship, and the type of behaviour. Non-sexual boundary challenges may be related to stress, burnout, and risk for future boundary violations. Future research to investigate the impacts on doctors and medical students in maintaining professional boundaries in their relationships with patients and colleagues, their specific training needs, and the effectiveness of training in reducing work-related stress and burnout is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

S.H. Foulkes's paper concerning the Oedipus situation—published some 40 years ago—is still relevant in current group analytic practice. Main phrases of the Foulkes article, such as 'regression', 'infantile sexuality', 'Oedipus conflict', the 'Sphinx-like mother' and 'transference' are examined. Based on a case report about sexual pairing in group psychotherapy, the author depicts the course of events before analysing the enactment of the protagonists, the role of the group, somatic sufferings during the group process, boundary violations and countertransference factors, and discusses diagnostic and therapeutic implications as well as the need for further research on the special topic in group analytic psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Despite interruptions from work being increasingly common for many employees, their inherently disruptive nature induces strain on the work–life interface; yet, it remains unclear why the experienced strain is not universal. Drawing on role identity and Stress‐as‐Offense‐to‐Self theories, illegitimate interruptions from work (IIWs) are inappropriate, avoidable, unnecessary, or unreasonable interruptions that carry an added meaning of disrespect, thereby presenting a threat to the self and potentially inducing additional unnecessary strain. Differential value placed on professional and personal roles likely shapes attributions of illegitimacy. We collected event‐based data over 5 days from 182 employees (432 interruptions). Our multilevel moderated mediation model established IIW's indirect effect on work‐to‐family conflict (WFC) via boundary violation, above and beyond the negative effects of interruptions themselves. Thus, subjectively ascribed illegitimacy induces further but potentially unnecessary negative strain. Men were more likely to experience boundary violation in reaction to IIWs and subsequently reported more WFC as compared to women. Yet, although results suggest that IIWs may be a more salient immediate threat to men, it is possible that women's higher threshold for IIWs may present a more distal threat for gender parity. We offer guidance for developing strategies to reduce IIWs and mitigate their impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerns about sexual misconduct by health care professionals have been highlighted by recent high-profile cases. Professional health monitoring programs (PHPs) offer an additional layer of protection when health care professionals with a history of unprofessional sexual behavior (USB) return to practice; however, little is known about the characteristics or outcomes of clinicians referred to a PHP because of USB. Data were extracted from over 35 years of PHP records involving USB-related referrals ( N = 570). The majority of cases were deemed ineligible for PHP monitoring and handled by other entities (e.g., licensing board, legal system). Of the 232 monitored cases (46.84 ± 9.42 years; 95.7% male), most were physicians ( n = 156, 67.2%), with 75.9 percent of monitored cases involving USB with at least one patient. Most (74.9%) PHP monitoring outcomes were classified as "successful" or "very successful." Only three individuals (1.3%) who completed their monitoring were rereferred to the PHP. Monitored professionals exhibited less severe USB and were less likely to experience legal or disciplinary consequences (57.3% versus 69.8%, Cramer's V = .174, p < .0001) compared with unmonitored professionals. Findings enhance transparency of the PHP process and highlight its utility in safely returning clinicians to practice. Results may inform policies to prevent USB by health care professionals., (© 2024 American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.)

Background Negative or adverse effects of psychological treatments are increasingly a focus of psychotherapy research. Yet, we still know little about the prevalence of these effects. Aims Starting from a representative national sample, the prevalence of negative effects and malpractice was determined in a subsample of individuals reporting psychotherapy currently or during the past 6 years. Method Out of an initial representative sample of 5562 individuals, 244 were determined to have had psychotherapy within the past 6 years. Besides answering questions related to treatment, its effects and the therapists, patients filled out the Negative Effects Questionnaire, items of the Inventory of Negative Effects of Psychotherapy reflecting malpractice and the Helping Alliance Questionnaire, and rated psychotherapeutic changes in different areas. Results Rates of positive changes related to therapy varied between 26.6% (relationship to parents) and 67.7% (improvement in depressed mood). Deteriorations were most commonly related to physical well-being (13.1%), ability to work (13.1%) and vitality (11.1%). Although patients generally reported a positive helping alliance, many of them reported high rates of negative effects (though not always linked to treatment). This was especially true of the experience of unpleasant memories (57.8%), unpleasant feelings (30.3%) and a lack of understanding of the treatment/therapist (19.3/18.4%). Indicators of malpractice were less common, with the exception that 16.8% felt violated by statements of their therapist. Conclusions This study helps to better estimate aspects of negative effects in psychotherapy ranging from deteriorations, specific effects and issues of malpractice that should be replicated and specified in future studies.

John Weir Perry's influence on the understanding of the psychotic process through his research in San Francisco between 1950 and 1981 was groundbreaking, because it both verified and expanded upon C.G. Jung's research at the Burghölzli Hospital in Switzerland in the early 1900's. The author explores both the brilliance of Perry's contribution as a psychiatrist and Jungian analyst and also shows the flawed human, who, with his rare sensitivity to the psychotic process, devoted his life work to the schizophrenic population and their often ill-fated search for meaning. She tells how his creative engagement with the analytic processes of Self discovery eventually led to analytic boundary violations, which ultimately resulted in his indefinite suspension from membership in his local Jungian community. Further, this paper describes her reflections on the innovative work that influenced both the treatment of this population, as well as educating candidates in analytical training to be receptive to and cognizant of psychotic affects and imagery. The archetypal field of the psychotic process, its influence on the development of analytical psychology relative to the psychotic process, and one man's impact on the analytic community are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the presentation of the results of empirical research in counsellors in the field of social counselling and psychological counselling. The research focused on the factors that are important for the development of boundary violations, on the perception of boundary violations on the side the counsellor side and on the client side, on measures/procedures that counsellors took in solving problems of boundary violations between counsellor and client. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual abuse does not preclude the possibility of sexual pleasure, particularly when there is no fear or threat involved. Indeed, Freud’s sexual theories depend on the erotogenesis of the body, particularly during early childhood years. The author presents a case of the sexual seduction of a four-year old girl, its complex psychological consequences, and the author’s counter-transference struggle to acknowledge what she was saying in terms of the sheer empowering ecstasy of the experience. Associations led to his own psychoanalytic formation, current reverberations of “Me-too,” and the reward of mutuality and aliveness when counter-resistance is overcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysts have often described their work as depriving, painful, and hard to endure, while its pleasures have been the subject of little commentary. The real history and ongoing temptations of boundary violation long ago made the gratifications of psychoanalytic work a matter of anxiety. Analysts’ pleasure in their work was problematized. Some of this problematizing is necessary because of real risk, but much of it is not only unnecessary but misleading and destructive. Psychoanalysts pursue achievement of a unique form of human intimacy, yet acquired habits of professional modesty and humility have encouraged the illusion that analyzing can occur without desire or ambition on the analyst’s part. These habits have made it difficult for analysts to openly discuss what they get from the intimacy of analyzing that yields its pleasures. Our field demands that analysts deny that the work provides much more than pain (at least until the conclusion of an analysis), but psychoanalysis both misunderstands and misrepresents itself if we cannot speak of the distinctly broad range of pleasures available in analyzing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narcissistic defenses, such as grandiosity, devaluation, and idealization, are employed in an effort to avoid the experience of unbearable loss. When such defences fail, an individual experiences narcissistic rage, which can evolve into chronic states of grievance. The separateness of objects and the inevitability of death are particular challenges to the wish for an ideal reality. The analyst, as well as the patient, struggles with the temptations of constructing an alternate reality without limits, and occurrences of boundary violations can result from such unconscious mutual collusion between analyst and patient. An analytic case is described to illustrate instances of narcissistic defences against unbearable loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2006, Bruno the bear wandered onto German soil—the first brown bear in 170 years—where he was shot, killed, taxidermied, and put on display (his presence recently resurfaced due to the 2010 Wikileaks). Bruno served as a queer beast in the anthropogenic landscape where he challenged boundaries of what is permissible, and normal. By refusing to honor borders and cultural norms, he disrupted our human sense of control of the landscape. In response to Bruno's unruly presence, humans in turn appropriated him, fixed him as a cipher to fill with their own constructs of wildness and animality, and then deployed those cultural articulations. Performing a critical visual analysis, this paper explores how the anxiety Bruno evoked fixed his queer, hirsute frame as a taxidermied cipher representing discipline, fetishization, and a critique of power. Bruno became an imaginary wild whose presence rhetorically queered the geographical and political landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Boundary issues, which regularly arise in therapy, can present dilemmas for most clinicians. There hasbeen substantial literature on boundary excursions in clinician–patient relationships, however, very little empiricalresearch exists and is documented. As mental health researchers, we need to investigate a wide range of sensitive topicsto enhance our understanding of the many issues that arise in the psychotherapeutic frame.Aims: We set out to empirically explore perceptions of what may constitute a boundary violation among the mentalhealth staff in the State of Qatar and their views on the subject.Results: A total of 50 participants (24 psychiatrists, 2 doctorate level psychologists, 24 psychiatric nurses) respondedwith a response rate of 80%. Participants rated each possible boundary violation according to its degree of harm andprofessional unacceptability. Three distinct groupings of boundary violations were obtained: (1) core, consisting of themost serious violations; (2) disclosure and greeting behaviour, involving disclosure of information about the therapist andgreeting behaviour; and (3) separation of therapist and client lives, involving encounters between therapists and clientsoutside of therapy.Conclusions: It is important to ascertain these dilemmas so that these theoretical models can be integrated in clinicalpractice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: There has been substantial literature on boundary excursions in clinician–patient relationships; however, very little empirical research exists. Even less information exists on how perceptions of this issue might differ across cultures. Prior to this study, empirical data on various kinds of boundary excursions were collected in different cultural contexts. First, clinicians from the U.S. and Brazil were asked to rate 173 boundary excursions for both their perceived harmfulness and their professional unacceptability (Miller et al., 2006). In a second study, colleagues from Qatar administered a slightly modified version to mental health care professional staff of a hospital in Doha, Qatar (Ghuloum et al., 2011). In this paper, the results of these two separate studies are compared. The results showed some similarities and some differences in perceptions of the boundary behaviors. For example, both sets of cultures seem to agree that certain behaviors are seriously harmful and/or professionally unacceptable. These behaviors include some frankly sexual behavior, such as having sexual intercourse with a patient, as well as behavior related to doing business with the patient, and some disclosing behavior. There are also significant cultural differences in perceptions of how harmful some of the behaviors are. Qatari practitioners seemed to rate certain behaviors that within therapy mix disclosing or personal behavior with therapy as more harmful, but behaviors that involved interacting with patients outside of therapy as less serious. A factor analysis suggested that participants in U.S./Brazil saw a much larger number of behaviors as making up a set of Core Boundary Violations, whereas Qatari respondents separated sexual behaviors from others. Finally, a Rasch analysis showed that both cultures perceived a continuum of boundary behaviors, from those that are least harmful or unprofessional to those that are highly harmful or unprofessional. One interpretation is that cultural factors may be most influential on those kinds of behaviors that are perceived as relatively less serious. Implications for training and supervision are also discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: This article reviews the issue of patients giving gifts to psychiatrists and mental health providers. Method: Anonymous survey of 100 academic psychiatrists measured prevalence of receiving gifts, type and estimated dollar value of gifts given, and psychiatrists' reactions to gifts. Case vignettes illustrate clinical situations associated with gift giving and how failure to recognize motivation of gift giving may lead to situations requiring immediate intervention. Results: 71% of psychiatrists surveyed received (were offered & accepted) at least one gift in prior year (average 0.36 per month and 3.6 per year; $11.40 average [estimated] amount per gift). Group comparisons achieving at least a p < 0.05 significance: outpatient psychiatrists received gifts twice as often as inpatient, female and outpatient groups' gifts were estimated as more expensive, a positive correlation was found between psychiatrists receiving gifts and psychiatrists giving a positive response to gifts, there was significantly more negative responses to high cost gifts (>$100) than to low cost (<$20), and outpatient psychiatrists reported interpreting gift's meaning more often than inpatient. Conclusions: Psychiatrists are commonly offered and accept gifts from patients. Gifts communicate patient information and response to treatment. Although the act of gift giving sends important data to the receiving psychiatrist, including boundary violation issues, there are no agreed upon guidelines regarding how to respond. Future study should explore the meanings and appropriateness of a gift regarding type, cost, timing, frequency, intent, as well as how providers can respond to the gesture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Professional boundaries are the defining lines that help protect the patient and the nurse practitioner (NP). They continue to be a topic of misunderstanding and under-education. In the professional relationship there is a power differential between the healthcare professional's authority and the patient''s vulnerability. This differential creates the need to keep safe professional boundaries with patients. An NP participates in a dual relationship when he or she is both healthcare provider and friend, business associate, family member, or coworker to a patient. This article aspires to offer clarity and guidance in the areas of dual relationships with patients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The author discusses William Lubart's paper “Hans and Me: Transformation of Revulsion in the Countertransference within an Analytic Therapy.” In the treatment, Hans gives gifts to the therapist, both material and affective, and the therapist's intentional and unintentional responses to these gifts are a critical factor in facilitating their work through impasse in the treatment. After examining the possible meanings and impacts of the various explicit gifts in the treatment, the author considers how, through the process of projective identification, the patient “gives the gift” of his shame to the therapist and how this forces the therapist to attend to it in a manner which helps both the patient and the therapist to grow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychotherapie Forum is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The author presents her experience as the analysand of a training analyst who was investigated and expelled for ethical violations with another patient, including sexual-boundary violations, during her analytic training. While boundary violations by training analysts are not uncommon, the particular trauma experienced by 'bystanders' such as candidates and supervisees is not discussed in the literature, nor the response of institutes to the educational problems that are generated. The author illustrates the complications for candidates that arise from the dual roles of training analyst as educator and analyst when he or she faces investigation or censure, including isolation and secrecy, which promote various splits in the candidate, analytic dyad and group, as well as loyalty conflicts. The discussion covers three phases of the author's experience as a candidate-analysand, namely the period encompassing the institute's ethics investigation, the announcement of findings to her and to the institute as a group, and the ensuing individual and group dynamics generated by her analyst's expulsion from the institute and revocation of his medical license. Theoretical perspectives are utilized to understand the group regression, including contamination and contagion fears, which occurred in the wake of the training analyst's expulsion, and the impact of these processes on the candidate, including the pressure to function as a 'container' for projections of the group. Implications and recommendations for candidates and institutes are made for dealing helpfully with trainees who are affected by the process of dealing with a training analyst's ethical violations. Short-term and longer-term outcomes of the experience are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The likelihood of dual relationships is greater in a university setting due to the institution's mission, size and the students' residency on campus. Dual relationships require a clinician to safely navigate the therapeutic relationship through potential dangers. Five guiding principles, rooted in good clinical judgment and common sense, are presented along with illustrating case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A deficit in empathy is generally regarded as a factor that contributes to the occurrence of sexual offenses and sexual boundary violations. As a result, many experts recommend empathy training as a part of any program that attempts to reduce recidivism among offenders. Considerable controversy exists, however, with regard to the definition of empathy, the actual influence of empathy on sociopathic behavior, and whether empathy can indeed be taught. This article provides a review of the literature concerning some of these controversial issues, concluding with a proposed model for empathy training for professionals who engage in sexual misconduct based on the theoretical and empirical data available. The model incorporates the following four key aspects of empathy training: developing cognitive awareness, enhancing emotional responsiveness, self-awareness, and modeling of empathic responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the psychological, psychiatric, and social science literature revealed that parentification and role-reversal are terms that are used extensively, often without precise definition, although the implication is almost invariably that the process is pathogenic. An organismic rather than mechanistic view of the situation might suggest that, as is so often the case, whether the effects are adverse or not depends on a multitude of other factors. The final outcome for any individual can only be judged at the end of his or her life-span and the judgement will be largely subjective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysts have often described their work as depriving, painful, and hard to endure, while its pleasures have been the subject of little commentary. The real history and ongoing temptations of boundary violation long ago made the gratifications of psychoanalytic work a matter of anxiety. Analysts' pleasure in their work was problematized. Some of this problematizing is necessary because of real risk, but much of it is not only unnecessary but misleading and destructive. Psychoanalysts pursue achievement of a unique form of human intimacy, yet acquired habits of professional modesty and humility have encouraged the illusion that analyzing can occur without desire or ambition on the analyst's part. These habits have made it difficult for analysts to openly discuss what they get from the intimacy of analyzing that yields its pleasures. Our field demands that analysts deny that the work provides much more than pain (at least until the conclusion of an analysis), but psychoanalysis both misunderstands and misrepresents itself if we cannot speak of the distinctly broad range of pleasures available in analyzing., (© 2016 by the American Psychoanalytic Association.)