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Ecological crisis, massive inequality and war: our world is at a dangerous tipping point. Yet the present global crisis defies simple description and is difficult to explain. To clarify, it is argued that the character of the world crisis today is triple: ecological, economic and political. Underlying all three dimensions is the capitalist form of world society. The consolidation of this capitalist form was accompanied by the emergence of the concept of development within liberal philosophy. During the 20th century, development came to define geographical regions and legitimate capitalist political economy on a world scale. Capitalism came to be taken as development: I call this 'capitalism qua development'. Because of the triple crisis, capitalism qua development is beginning to undergo a profound change. In an era of rapid global heating and ecological crisis, the tie between capital and development is straining and likely to give way. Capital is becoming more closely attached to the concept of adaptation. I argue that, in the most likely scenario ('Climate Leviathan'), capitalism qua development will be recast as adaptation. Some signs of this shift are already apparent. Since this is only a likely prospect, three other possibilities – fates of the concept and practice of development – are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Paris Agreement is an important milestone in international climate policy and the associated negotiations of the United Nations Climate Summit under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is a supplementary mechanism—regarding carbon markets—to reduce greenhouse gases and achieve the UNFCCC's main objective of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations. The 2021 United Nations Climate Summit in Glasgow (COP26) played a key role in the pursuit of this goal. Via an overview of Article 6 negotiations in past COP summits and a systematic review and qualitative meta‐synthesis of the literature leading up to COP26, I identify three arguments involving Articles 6.2, 6.4, and 6.8 behind the selected literature. I substantiate these arguments based on the meta‐evaluation of the existing literature and propose a three‐stage meta‐evaluation of the arguments on Article 6 (carbon markets) of the Paris Agreement in the context of COP26 to ascertain if the negotiations were successful in leading to requisite agreements on Article 6. I conclude that future qualitative research should focus on Articles 6.4 and 6.8 of the Paris Agreement and examine the outcomes of future climate debates to see how ideas will flow through the negotiations regarding these two articles to pursue the goal of the UNFCCC under the Paris Agreement. Related Articles: Jihyung Joo, Jihyung, Jouni Paavola, and James Van Alstine. 2023. "The Divergence of South Korea's Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) from the EU ETS: An Institutional Complementarity View." Politics & Policy 51(6): 1155–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12566. Nunes Silva, Carlos. 2012. "Policy and Evidence in a Partisan Age: The Great Disconnect—By Paul Gary Wyckoff." Politics & Policy 40(3): 541–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00363.x. Robles, Pedro, and Daniel J. Mallinson. 2023. "Catching up with AI: Pushing toward a Cohesive Governance Framework." Politics & Policy 51(3): 355–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12529. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overgeneralization and a lack of baseline data for microorganisms in high‐latitude environments have restricted the understanding of the microbial response to climate change, which is needed to establish Antarctic conservation frameworks. To bridge this gap, we examined over 17,000 sequence variants of bacteria and microeukarya across the hyperarid Vestfold Hills and Windmill Islands regions of eastern Antarctica. Using an extended gradient forest model, we quantified multispecies response to variations along 79 edaphic gradients to explore the effects of change and wind‐driven dispersal on community dynamics under projected warming trends. We also analyzed a second set of soil community data from the Windmill Islands to test our predictions of major environmental tipping points. Soil moisture was the most robust predictor for shaping the regional soil microbiome; the highest rates of compositional turnover occurred at 10–12% soil moisture threshold for photoautotrophs, such as Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, and Ochrophyta. Dust profiles revealed a high dispersal propensity for Chlamydomonas, a microalga, and higher biomass was detected at trafficked research stations. This could signal the potential for algal blooms and increased nonendemic species dispersal as human activities increase in the region. Predicted increases in moisture availability on the Windmill Islands were accompanied by high photoautotroph abundances. Abundances of rare oligotrophic taxa, such as Eremiobacterota and Candidatus Dormibacterota, which play a crucial role in atmospheric chemosynthesis, declined over time. That photosynthetic taxa increased as soil moisture increased under a warming scenario suggests the potential for competition between primary production strategies and thus a more biotically driven ecosystem should the climate become milder. Better understanding of environmental triggers will aid conservation efforts, and it is crucial that long‐term monitoring of our study sites be established for the protection of Antarctic desert ecosystems. Furthermore, the successful implementation of an improved gradient forest model presents an exciting opportunity to broaden its use on microbial systems globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Survival of the immobile embryo in response to rising temperature is important to determine a species' vulnerability to climate change. However, the collective effects of 2 key thermal characteristics associated with climate change (i.e., rising average temperature and acute heat events) on embryonic survival remain largely unexplored. We used empirical measurements and niche modeling to investigate how chronic and acute heat stress independently and collectively influence the embryonic survival of lizards across latitudes. We collected and bred lizards from 5 latitudes and incubated their eggs across a range of temperatures to quantify population‐specific responses to chronic and acute heat stress. Using an embryonic development model parameterized with measured embryonic heat tolerances, we further identified a collective impact of embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerances on embryonic survival. We also incorporated embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerance in hybrid species distribution models to determine species' range shifts under climate change. Embryos' tolerance of chronic heat (T‐chronic) remained consistent across latitudes, whereas their tolerance of acute heat (T‐acute) was higher at high latitudes than at low latitudes. Tolerance of acute heat exerted a more pronounced influence than tolerance of chronic heat. In species distribution models, climate change led to the most significant habitat loss for each population and species in its low‐latitude distribution. Consequently, habitat for populations across all latitudes will shift toward high latitudes. Our study also highlights the importance of considering embryonic survival under chronic and acute heat stresses to predict species' vulnerability to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate refugia, areas where climate is expected to remain relatively stable, can offer a near‐term safe haven for species sensitive to warming temperatures and drought. Understanding the influence of temperature, moisture, and disturbance on sensitive species is critical during this time of rapid climate change. Coastal habitats can serve as important refugia. Many of these areas consist of working forestlands, and there is a growing recognition that conservation efforts worldwide must consider the habitat value of working lands, in addition to protected areas, to effectively manage large landscapes that support biodiversity. The sensitivity of forest bats to climate and habitat disturbance makes them a useful indicator taxon. We tested how microclimate and forest management influence habitat use for 13 species of insectivorous bats in a large climate refugium in a global biodiversity hotspot. We examined whether bat activity during the summer dry season is greater in forests where coastal fog provides moisture and more stable temperatures across both protected mature stands and those regularly logged. Acoustic monitoring was conducted at a landscape scale with 20 study sites, and generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the influence of habitat variables. Six species were positively associated with warmer nighttime temperature, and 5 species had a negative relationship with humidity or a positive relationship with climatic moisture deficit. Our results suggest that these mammals may have greater climate adaptive capacity than expected, and, for now, that habitat use may be more related to optimal foraging conditions than to avoidance of warming temperatures and drought. We also determined that 12 of the 13 regionally present bat species were regularly detected in commercial timberland stands. Because forest bats are highly mobile, forage over long distances, and frequently change roosts, the stewardship of working forests must be addressed to protect these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is one of the factors affecting terrestrial ecosystems through global climate variability, and by acting synergistically with other stressors, its effects on ecosystems are enhanced, potentially directly affecting biological diversity. Consequently, we have analyzed the potential distribution of ecosystems in the Southern Zone of Ecuador under a future climate change scenario (RCP 6.0 2080), which is ecologically, socially, and economically important for populations surrounding the ecosystems. To do this, we used potential distribution models (SDM) implemented in Biomod2 4.0, which uses a set of relevant methods and tools for dealing with a series of methodological uncertainties related to distribution modeling, as well as the ability to quickly build individual models or combine them in different ways through ensembles, relating biophysical variables (topographic and climatic) with the presence/absence points of ecosystems in the Southern Zone. The results indicate that the temperature would increase for all ecosystems, while precipitation in some high-altitude ecosystems, such as Paramo and Montane Forest, would decrease, unlike what would happen with other ecosystems at lower altitudes, where precipitation would show an increase (and, in the rest of the ecosystems, in general, it would show an increase). This climate variability may generate new climate configurations and ecosystems may tend to shrink or expand in response, changing their distribution range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impacts of climate change and soil erosion are significantly affecting agriculture in non-developed countries. In Mali, a country located in Western Africa, there is a drastic reduction in available fertile arable lands and water scarcity, which is damaging rural communities and affecting the development of vital infrastructures, consequently, decreasing people's incomes. There is a lack of information about the perception of these challenges among the small rural communities and the possible adaptation strategies can be applied. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine local farmer perceptions of climate change, soil erosion, and adaptation strategies conducting a survey among 200 farmers in 10 villages within the rural municipality of Méguétan, serving as a representative study case. Our results showed that farmers are aware of the challenges related to climate change and soil erosion and are willing to adopt some measures but conditioned by a range of traditional techniques. The most common strategies are: changing the sowing calendar, diversifying crops, using resistant varieties, having an alternative income, and following weather forecasts on the radio. Stone rows remain the most widely adopted technique to reduce soil erosion, with a knowledge rate of 88% and an application about 29%. The study also highlighted the increasing vulnerability of farmers to climate change and soil erosion due to insufficient material and financial resources. We conclude policies should pay attention to services and partners that invest more funds in technical assistance to strengthen adaptation strategies and teach the population, considering nature-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Arctic, deeply affected by climate change, is experiencing a shrinking cryosphere in the Arctic Circle, seen by polar states as an economic and strategic opportunity. Although this "normality" has generated geopolitical challenges in the region, marked by cooperation since the Cold War, it is now transformed into conflict. Russia and Western states intensify military operations, accusing each other of military escalation. However, an underestimated aspect is the geopolitical assessment of melting ice and sea level rise, especially its impact on the low tide line and United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos) regulations. This article discusses the results of sea level rise on the territorial and geopolitical aspects of the Arctic Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the extinction risk of species based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (RL) is key to guiding conservation policies and reducing biodiversity loss. This process is resource demanding, however, and requires continuous updating, which becomes increasingly difficult as new species are added to the RL. Automatic methods, such as comparative analyses used to predict species RL category, can be an efficient alternative to keep assessments up to date. Using amphibians as a study group, we predicted which species are more likely to change their RL category and thus should be prioritized for reassessment. We used species biological traits, environmental variables, and proxies of climate and land‐use change as predictors of RL category. We produced an ensemble prediction of IUCN RL category for each species by combining 4 different model algorithms: cumulative link models, phylogenetic generalized least squares, random forests, and neural networks. By comparing RL categories with the ensemble prediction and accounting for uncertainty among model algorithms, we identified species that should be prioritized for future reassessment based on the mismatch between predicted and observed values. The most important predicting variables across models were species’ range size and spatial configuration of the range, biological traits, climate change, and land‐use change. We compared our proposed prioritization index and the predicted RL changes with independent IUCN RL reassessments and found high performance of both the prioritization and the predicted directionality of changes in RL categories. Ensemble modeling of RL category is a promising tool for prioritizing species for reassessment while accounting for models’ uncertainty. This approach is broadly applicable to all taxa on the IUCN RL and to regional and national assessments and may improve allocation of the limited human and economic resources available to maintain an up‐to‐date IUCN RL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the problems brought about by Resolution 40066 of 2022 of the Ministry of Mines and Energy of Colombia, regarding the new requirements it sets up for the flaring and venting of natural gas in Colombia. These requirements, which must be followed by the investing companies, imply an investment in infrastructure and technology that may imply a contractual imbalance and a negative impact on foreign investors. From a documentary analysis method with a systematic and deductive approach, the authors analyze the problematic scenario posed by the resolution and concludes that it is necessary to find a balance between the two legal interests at stake: the environment and free enterprise. As a result, the paper supplies a comprehensive and integrative view of the State's obligation to protect the environment, but also to ensure a stable and predictable legal framework for investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the intrinsic and natural connection between sociology and social impact assessment, the latter often does not hold a prominent place in the academic theory and practice of sociology. This monograph aims to justify and reclaim the rightful position of social impact assessment within the sociological discipline, through the contributions of some of the most renowned international experts in this field. This introductory article reflects on the necessary mutual contribution between sociology and social impact assessment, which, through their epistemological, methodological and axiological dialogues, establish an applied working space aimed at providing solutions for real-world problems. Sociology and social impact assessment must join forces to become agents not only of knowledge production but also of improvement of the living conditions of those in situations of social vulnerability, being this an urgent task in the face of contemporary global changes and growing inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REDER: Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos sobre Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres is the property of Corporacion Gestion de Riesgos y Desastres (GRID-Chile) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REDER: Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos sobre Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres is the property of Corporacion Gestion de Riesgos y Desastres (GRID-Chile) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La construcción del régimen jurídico relativo al cambio climático es el resultado de un largo camino en donde primero fue necesario un consenso científico para generar interés político y converger en instrumentos legales a nivel internacional, que posteriormente fueron replicados en los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales. El objetivo del trabajo es realizar una caracterización y análisis del desarrollo del régimen legal del cambio climático desde sus principales antecedentes e hitos, sus objetivos y estructura normativa a nivel internacional y a nivel nacional en Argentina. La metodología es cualitativa, se aplica el método documental y bibliográfico a través del análisis de documentos públicos, estudios académicos, la hermenéutica jurídica y el análisis de contenido en la legislación nacional e internacional. El régimen internacional presenta un carácter altamente evolutivo. Por otro lado, en Argentina el régimen es incipiente, aunque se han producido avances significativos a nivel normativo y respecto del desarrollo de políticas públicas en consonancia con las tendencias internacionales.

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los hábitos de viaje que están dispuestos a cambiar los turistas para ser más respetuosos con el medio ambiente (MA) y mitigar su impacto en el cambio climático (CC). Partiendo de la perspectiva de la teoría crítica, en un primer momento analizamos los distintos tipos de acciones para la mitigación que van desde la inhibición de viajar hasta el negacionismo y la negativa a cambiar los hábitos, pasando por distintos tipos de mitigación como son la prevención, minimización, compensación para contrarrestar (ejemplo plantando árboles) e incluso pago por contaminar. Seguidamente exponemos los distintos factores individuales (sociodemográficos, culturales) y contextuales que están influenciando en la disposición a cambiar de hábitos. Tomamos los datos del Eurobarómetro y los analizamos con el programa Stata siguiendo la técnica de las Ecuaciones Estructurales Generalizadas (GSEM). Los resultados demuestran que existe una hipocresía climática y una clara diferencia comportamental entre el consumo turístico y el consumo cotidiano. Los más dispuestos a cambiar son las personas con formación elevada, las mujeres y los jóvenes. La riqueza de los países influye positivamente en la disposición a pagar más para proteger el medio ambiente o beneficiar a la comunidad local, pero influye negativamente en otros hábitos, lo cual demuestra que los habitantes de los países ricos no son necesariamente los más concienciados ni los que tienen unas actitudes más proclives para ser respetuosos con el MA y mitigar el CC.

Based on peasant and scientific knowledge of climate and climate change in a Colombian highland, located in the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá, this article studies the relationship between hazards caused by rain and extreme temperatures on peasant communities. Among 26 weather stations analyzed, five showed changes between 1980 and 2014: four with increases and one with a decrease, using the Mann-Kendall test with more than 90% confidence. Per decade periods, four stations showed increased maximum daily temperatures, which aligns with the perceptions of farmers, while one showed a decrease. Meanwhile, minimum temperatures decreased in two stations and increased in two others. The climate change observed by farmers is not expressed through meteorological variables, but through changes in conditions and factors affecting their rural work. From a transdisciplinary approach based on dialogues with farmers, climate change was better understood through adaptations in the use and management of their territories, which may be considered a better perspective to increase the resilience of farmers in the Colombian Andes against the risks of climate change.

Local risk management emerges as a vital component in building resilient communities facing increasingly frequent and complex challenges, such as floods in vulnerable communities and small island nations in the Caribbean. This article presents the results of research conducted in the "El Dique" community in Holguin, Cuba, with the aim of identifying vulnerabilities and capacities for local risk management against floods. A case study was carried out, seeking to interact with the context through surveys and interviews with residents and key community leaders. The research revealed that the community possesses capacities that could contribute to its resilience, including a network of relationships among different actors and the preservation of values such as solidarity, mutual aid, and cooperation among neighbors.

La sociedad contemporánea se enfrenta al desafío de lidiar con el cambio climático y sus consecuencias en los ecosistemas, las dinámicas sociales y la salud mental. En este contexto han surgido estudios sobre la ansiedad generada por las preocupaciones ambientales y el cambio climático, la cual se denomina ecoansiedad. Debe mencionarse que, actualmente, existen cantidades masivas de datos o big data, las cuales han sido recopiladas y procesadas por instituciones fiables. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es comprender los niveles de ecoansiedad, preocupación y estado emocional fomentados por el acceso a cantidades masivas de datos en torno al cambio climático. La metodología utilizada es de carácter cuantitativo; usamos la Escala de ansiedad por el cambio climático de Clayton y Karazsia (2020), complementada con una Escala emocional ante el cambio climático y una Escala de preocupación ante el cambio climático. Los resultados apuntan a niveles bajos de ecoansiedad y a niveles moderados de preocupación y de estados emocionales, mientras que la dimensión de ajuste conductual es la que presenta los resultados más significativos.

El agua es un elemento central en la intersección entre derecho, ciencias y el Antropoceno, una era marcada por presiones humanas que exceden los límites planetarios seguros y agravan la inestabilidad del sistema terrestre. Esta situación, junto con la "policrisis" que integra crisis ecológicas, geopolíticas y económicas, afecta profundamente la resiliencia de los sistemas socio-ecológicos. Desde la perspectiva del derecho de aguas, estas complejas interacciones demandan una revisión normativa para asegurar la estabilidad socio-ecológica a largo plazo. La regulación del agua supone un claro desafío debido a la limitada resiliencia de las cuencas hidrográficas y la inadecuación de herramientas basadas en datos históricos para predecir futuras condiciones. Por otro lado, el derecho al agua, mediante el cual se debe garantizar un acceso equitativo y sostenible, está amenazado por condiciones cambiantes y la contaminación, subrayando la necesidad urgente de adaptar políticas y marcos legales para su cumplimiento efectivo. El sistema jurídico está interpelado ante estas dinámicas. Los estudios que integran la sección monográfica identifican los principales desafíos principales en la crisis del agua. Se analiza la planificación hidrológica en un contexto de sequía por el cambio climático y se exponen las deficiencias en seguridad hídrica, resiliencia y adaptación, proponiendo nuevas medidas de regulación. Las interacciones entre la política de aguas y el urbanismo en España muestran que la política de aguas prevalece sobre el urbanismo en la protección del dominio público hidráulico y la disponibilidad hídrica. El nuevo régimen de reutilización del agua en España incluye ajustes significativos, como la depuración y gestión del riesgo con planes específicos esenciales para concesiones. El estudio de la fiscalidad en la gestión integral del ciclo del agua subraya la importancia de la reutilización del agua regenerada, el rol de las administraciones locales, proponiendo mejoras para una gestión eficaz. Finalmente, ante la relevancia de la interrelación entre agua y energía en el marco de transición energética e hídrica, se pone de manifiesto la falta de una regulación integrada y adaptativa.

El texto se basa en los argumentos expuestos en los distintos informes presentados, hasta ahora, en calidad de relator especial de las Naciones Unidas sobre los derechos humanos al agua potable y al saneamiento. Se parte de la paradoja que supone la crisis vigente de acceso al agua potable en un planeta en el que el agua es abundante, para identificar tres desafíos clave: hacer las paces con nuestros ríos, acuíferos y ecosistemas acuáticos; hacer del agua un argumento para la paz y la cooperación entre los pueblos; y promover una gobernanza democrática del agua, entendida como un bien común y no como una mercancía. En relación con este último desafío se propone la asignación de distintos rangos éticos para la priorización de los usos del agua. A continuación, se promueve afrontar el cambio climático y gestionar los ecosistemas acuáticos y el agua como bienes comunes, garantizando la sostenibilidad desde un enfoque basado en los derechos humanos. Frente a este enfoque, se apuntan los riesgos que derivan de la privatización, mercantilización y financiarización del agua. Se concluye argumentando la necesidad de promover acuerdos e instituciones transfronterizas para gestionar cuencas y acuíferos compartidos, al tiempo que denunciando el uso del agua como arma contra la población civil en guerras como la de Gaza.

El agua y la energía son en la actualidad dos recursos escasos y estratégicos. En constante imbricación, son, además, dos “bienes jurídicos” esenciales, necesitados de una atención prioritaria en los convergentes procesos de transición energética e hídrica. Esta interrelación se manifiesta, de un lado, en la ordenación de las necesidades energéticas dentro de los ciclos del agua y, de otro, en la propia valorización y producción energética a partir del agua. No existe, sin embargo, aún en contextos críticos de descarbonización y consecución de los objetivos de producción de energía renovable y de neutralidad climática, una regulación integrada de ambos elementos, que depende, de un lado, de los avances comunitarios y, de otro, de las escasas innovaciones sectoriales aprobadas internamente en los últimos años.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo diagnosticar la Nueva Agenda Urbana como herramienta del gobierno local para impulsar la renaturalización frente al cambio climático. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, con un método etnográfico. Se recolectaron datos mediante observación participante y entrevistas no estructuradas a representantes de alcaldías, ONG, representantes del sector salud, consejos comunales y gremios profesionales con experiencia en el área ambiental, además de efectuar una revisión del estado del arte de las categorías de estudio. Se realizó triangulación para asegurar la fiabilidad de la información obtenida. Entre los hallazgos encontrados se destaca que la función del gobierno local es hacer crecer la ciudad como un organismo vivo, mejorando espacios verdes y plazas con estrategias de renaturalización para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático. Se observan esfuerzos del gobierno local para resolver estos problemas, pero los históricos problemas de la ciudad parecen mitigar los esfuerzos de las autoridades locales a orientar la planificación para buscar soluciones viables y atenuar los efectos del cambio climático. El gobierno local deberá generar políticas que fomenten espacios verdes, balcones y terrazas verdes en áreas públicas para contribuir con los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Se puede concluir que la Nueva Agenda Urbana constituye una herramienta valiosa para el gobierno local en la promoción de la renaturalización y la lucha contra el cambio climático. Se necesitan políticas públicas que incentiven la creación de espacios verdes y la participación ciudadana para lograr ciudades más sostenibles y recipientes. Esta investigación proporciona información valiosa sobre el papel de la NAU en la promoción de la renaturalización y la lucha contra el cambio climático. Los resultados pueden ser utilizados por el gobierno local, las ONG, la academia y la comunidad en general para desarrollar estrategias más efectivas para la construcción de ciudades más sostenibles y resilientes.

Chronic Kidney Disease is a serious public health problem and in clear relation to Climate Change and ecosystem maintenance. Renal health is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, and dialysis therapy (hemodialysis and PD) has a significant environmental footprint, conditioned by energy consumption and greenhouse gas production. In the last 50 years, people have changed ecosystems faster and more extensively than in any other period in human history. It is a consequence of ever-increasing demand for food, fresh water, fuel, industry, etc. and the result has been a substantial and largely irreversible loss of the diversity of life on Earth. Since 1979, human activities have caused the extinction of 60% of mammals, birds, fish and reptiles. There is an urgent need to adopt ''Green Nephrology'' measures by developing sustainable environmental solutions for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases. Resumen: La Enfermedad Renal Crónica es una grave problema de salud pública y en clara relación con el cambio climático y el mantenimiento de los ecosistemas. La salud renal es especialmente vulnerable a los impactos del cambio climático, y la terapia con Diálisis (Hemodiálisis y DP) tiene una huella ambiental importante, condiccionada por el consumo de energia y la producción de gases de efecto invernadero. Durante los últimos 50 años, las personas hemos cambiado los ecosistemas más rápidamente y de una forma más generalizada que en ningún otro período de la historia de la humanidad. Es consecuencia de la cada vez mayor demanda de alimentos, agua dulce, combustible, industria, etc., y el resultado ha sido una pérdida sustancial y en gran medida irreversible de la diversidad de vida en la tierra. Desde el año 1979 las actividades humanas han llevado a la extincion del 60% de mamiferos,aves,peces y reptiles. Es urgente adoptar medidas de “Nefrologia Verde” desarrollando soluciones medioambientales sostenibles para la prevención y el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal.

Uno de los efectos ambientales más conocidos de las ciudades es que inducen a la impermeabilización de suelos que a su vez incrementan los impactos del calentamiento global. La construcción de infraestructura, como calles y banquetas hechas de pavimento o concreto propician una disrupción entre las actividades de la población y el ciclo hidrológico natural. El cambio de uso de suelo y la extracción para el abastecimiento de agua potable sin criterios de sostenibilidad urbana agrava la situación en muchas ciudades del mundo. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se efectuó una lectura comparada sobre el manejo de las aguas pluviales en los contextos del ciclo integral del agua urbana y la sostenibilidad. Se revisaron 61 artículos que permiten observar que los sistemas urbanos de drenaje sustentable son una alternativa esencial para contrarrestar los efectos del cambio climático y mitigar las variaciones importantes en la distribución de los patrones de pluviosidad anual en diferentes regiones, especialmente en ciudades latinoamericanas.

En el presente artículo se describen las percepciones y acciones que realizan habitantes rurales frente a la severa sequía y al cambio climático que afectan la zona central de Chile. Para ello se escogieron Santa Julia y Valle Alegre, dos localidades de agricultura familiar en la comuna costera de Quintero, perjudicadas por una prolongada sequía en las últimas décadas y cuya ubicación está próxima a varias industrias contaminantes. Se aplica el modelo teórico de sense-making para explicar los problemas que enfrentan estas personas en sus vidas diarias y cómo intentan resolverlos buscando información mediante sus propios recursos, en sus comunidades y con el apoyo de entidades estatales y privadas. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021 a 13 informantes de ambas localidades. Los hallazgos muestran que la sequía prolongada produce problemas tanto en sus actividades agropecuarias como en su vida comunitaria y familiar. En la búsqueda de soluciones estas personas se enfrentan a una desarticulación comunitaria que dificulta acciones colectivas, y desconfían de las ayudas que puedan brindar empresas locales y vecinos. Se constata un sentimiento de inseguridad respecto al futuro, con la esperanza puesta en el eventual regreso de las lluvias estacionales, mientras se adaptan y mitigan impactos ambientales con el apoyo de algunas instituciones públicas e internacionales y mediante la aplicación de innovaciones agrícolas.

En este trabajo usamos Machine Learning (Randon Forest) como herramienta para clasificar la biomasa y calcular los índices de vegetación buscando identificar las características de la cobertura vegetal en la cabecera del desierto Atacama. Se busca establecer la correlación entre los índices de vegetación y la precipitación, a fin de conocer su confiabilidad sobre la climatología en esta región. Fue importante el análisis geoespacial basado en Google Earth Engine (GEE) y el procesamiento de imágenes Landsat 5 ETM y Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, para el período 1985 - 2022, lo que permitió caracterizar el cambio climático. El NDVI, SAVI, GVI y RVI han sido probados y validados en sistemas áridos. El NDVI responde positivamente a la precipitación en temporada húmeda y en forma débil en la temporada de lluvias invernales. Se confirma que el NDVI alto corresponde al verano, después de una sequía prolongada. Hacia los años 2020 y 2022, se registra un aumento de cobertura vegetal en lugares de mayor temperatura, evidenciando cambio climático y reflejado en los índices de biomasa.

Este artículo analiza la relación entre ciudadanía y cambio climático desde tres dimensiones estrechamente vinculadas: los deberes cívicos ambientales, que incluyen a los comportamientos pro-ecológicos; sus implicancias para los derechos humanos y los litigios climáticos. Partimos de una serie de consideraciones epistemológicas que el cambio climático comporta para la institución de la ciudadanía. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una interrelación entre la teoría acerca de la cuestión del cambio climático y los enfoques doctrinarios que han abordado dicha problemática. La metodología se basa en la hermenéutica de dicha doctrina y de jurisprudencia. El análisis bibliográfico y teórico permite inferir que el paradigma ambiental lleva a resignificar el concepto tradicional de la ciudadanía, no sólo ampliando el espectro de los derechos, sino también implica responsabilidades de carácter político para con la naturaleza y las generaciones futuras en un escenario global. Se ha logrado identificar que la herramienta de los litigios climáticos ha demostrado ser efectiva para la protección de los derechos humanos y para el ejercicio de los deberes cívicos ambientales.

Hablar de sostenibilidad en el contexto social, económico y medioambiental global, en general, y latinoamericano, en específico, parece ser actualmente una contradictio in adjecto. El presente artículo contiene algunas reflexiones, y más que nada, una serie razonada de preocupaciones sobre las más acuciantes problemáticas respecto del desarrollo sostenible y del sistema capitalista imperante. En el desarrollo del presente trabajo se toman categorías claves de la teoría social clásica, es decir, de autores como Marx, Durkheim y Weber, para pensar y repensar la relación desarrollo sostenible-capitalismo. En el primer apartado se analiza al capitalismo, tanto sus límites y contradicciones, desde estos tres autores; en el segundo apartado se interpreta el concepto y la posible operativización del desarrollo sostenible; por último, se realiza, de la mano de las categorías previamente desarrolladas, algunas interpretaciones críticas sobre la relación y la compatibilidad del desarrollo sostenible en el marco sistémico del capitalismo.

Climate change may diminish biodiversity; thus, it is urgent to predict how species’ ranges may shift in the future by integrating multiple factors involving more taxa. Bats are particularly sensitive to climate change due to their high surface‐to‐volume ratio. However, few studies have considered geographic variables associated with roost availability and even fewer have linked the distributions of bats to their thermoregulation and energy regulation traits. We used species distribution models to predict the potential distributions of 12 bat species in China under current and future greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SSP1‐2.6 and SSP5‐8.5) and examined factors that could affect species’ range shifts, including climatic, geographic, habitat, and human activity variables and wing surface‐to‐mass ratio (S‐MR). The results suggest that Ia io, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, and Rhinolophus rex should be given the highest priority for conservation in future climate conservation strategies. Most species were predicted to move northward, except for I. io and R. rex, which moved southward. Temperature seasonality, distance to forest, and distance to karst or cave were the main environmental factors affecting the potential distributions of bats. We found significant relationships between S‐MR and geographic distribution, current potential distribution, and future potential distribution in the 2050s. Our work highlights the importance of analyzing range shifts of species with multifactorial approaches, especially for species traits related to thermoregulation and energy regulation, to provide targeted conservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, carbon stocks were quantified in seven agroforestry landscape fragments: (1) heavily logged primary forest, (2) secondary forests of 5, (3) 10, and (4) 15 years originating from pastures, (5) cacao agroforestry, (6) productive Brachiaria decumbens grassland, and (7) degraded Brachiaria decumbens grassland. These fragments are characteristic of agricultural estates in the Ucayali department, Peru. The carbon stored (the total sum of aboveground and soil) in the primary forest was 267.26 t/ha; in 15-year secondary forest, 232.30 t/ha; in 10-year secondary forest, 162.1 t/ha; in 5-year secondary forest, 124.42 t/ha; in cacao agroforestry, 108.82 t/ha; in productive B. decumbens grassland, 72.57 t/ha; and in degraded B. decumbens grassland, 60.47 t/ha. Significant differences (p = 0.0001) were observed between the carbon stock values of the seven fragments (R² = 0.51, and CV = 53.66%). Orthogonal contrast tests showed that the carbon stored in the primary forest fragment significantly exceeded the average carbon of the other fragments, while the carbon stored in the secondary forests significantly exceeded that stored in the cacao agroforestry fragment. No differences were found in the carbon stored in both grasslands, nor between the 10- and 15-year secondary forests. The increase in the number of families and species directly related to the age of the secondary forest provides evidence of the recovery of botanical diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is a central tool for extinction risk monitoring and influences global biodiversity policy and action. But, to be effective, it is crucial that it consistently accounts for each driver of extinction. Climate change is rapidly becoming a key extinction driver, but consideration of climate change information remains challenging for the IUCN. Several methods can be used to predict species' future decline, but they often fail to provide estimates of the symptoms of endangerment used by IUCN. We devised a standardized method to measure climate change impact in terms of change in habitat quality to inform criterion A3 on future population reduction. Using terrestrial nonvolant tetrapods as a case study, we measured this impact as the difference between the current and the future species climatic niche, defined based on current and future bioclimatic variables under alternative model algorithms, dispersal scenarios, emission scenarios, and climate models. Our models identified 171 species (13% out of those analyzed) for which their current red‐list category could worsen under criterion A3 if they cannot disperse beyond their current range in the future. Categories for 14 species (1.5%) could worsen if maximum dispersal is possible. Although ours is a simulation exercise and not a formal red‐list assessment, our results suggest that considering climate change impacts may reduce misclassification and strengthen consistency and comprehensiveness of IUCN Red List assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land‐use and climate change are major pressures on terrestrial biodiversity. Species' extinction risk and responses to human pressures relate to ecological traits and other characteristics in some clades. However, large‐scale comparative assessments of the associations between traits and responses to multiple human pressures across multiple clades are needed. We investigated whether a set of ecological characteristics that are commonly measured across terrestrial vertebrates (ecological traits and geographic range area) are associated with species' responses to different land‐use types and species' likely sensitivity to climate change. We aimed to test whether generalizable patterns in response to these pressures arise across both pressures and across vertebrate clades, which could inform assessments of the global signature of human pressures on vertebrate biodiversity and guide conservation efforts. At the species level, we investigated associations between land‐use responses and ecological characteristics with a space‐for‐time substitution approach, making use of the PREDICTS database. We investigated associations between ecological characteristics and expected climate‐change sensitivity, estimated from properties of species realized climatic niches. Among the characteristics we considered, 3 were consistently associated with strong land‐use responses and high climate‐change sensitivity across terrestrial vertebrate classes: narrow geographic range, narrow habitat breadth, and specialization on natural habitats (which described whether a species occurs in artificial habitats or not). The associations of other traits with species' land‐use responses and climate‐change sensitivity often depended on species' class and land‐use type, highlighting an important degree of context dependency. In all classes, invertebrate eaters and fruit and nectar eaters tended to be negatively affected in disturbed land‐use types, whereas invertebrate‐eating and plant‐ and seed‐eating birds were estimated to be more sensitive to climate change, raising concerns about the continuation of ecological processes sustained by these species under global changes. Our results highlight a consistently higher sensitivity of narrowly distributed species and habitat specialists to land‐use and climate change, which provides support for capturing such characteristics in large‐scale vulnerability assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Públic is the property of Revista Catalana de Dret Public and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Públic is the property of Revista Catalana de Dret Public and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sea‐level rise (SLR) is expected to cause major changes to coastal wetlands, which are among the world's most vulnerable ecosystems and are critical for nonbreeding waterbirds. Because strategies for adaptation to SLR, such as nature‐based solutions and designation of protected areas, can locally reduce the negative effects of coastal flooding under SLR on coastal wetlands, it is crucial to prioritize adaptation efforts, especially for wetlands of international importance for biodiversity. We assessed the exposure of coastal wetlands important for nonbreeding waterbirds to projected SLR along the Mediterranean coasts of 8 countries by modeling future coastal flooding under 7 scenarios of SLR by 2100 (from 44‐ to 161‐cm rise) with a static inundation approach. Exposure to coastal flooding under future SLR was assessed for 938 Mediterranean coastal sites (≤30 km from the coastline) where 145 species of nonbreeding birds were monitored as part of the International Waterbird Census and for which the monitoring area was delineated by a polygon (64.3% of the coastal sites monitored in the Mediterranean region). Thirty‐four percent of sites were threatened by future SLR, even under the most optimistic scenarios. Protected study sites and study sites of international importance for waterbirds were, respectively, 1.5 and 2 times more exposed to SLR than the other sites under the most optimistic scenario. Accordingly, we advocate for the development of a prioritization scheme to be applied to these wetlands for the implementation of strategies for adaptation to SLR to anticipate the effects of coastal flooding. Our study provides major guidance for conservation planning under global change in several countries of the Mediterranean region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, marine fish communities are being altered by climate change and human disturbances. We examined data on global marine fish communities to assess changes in community‐weighted mean temperature affinity (i.e., mean temperatures within geographic ranges), maximum length, and trophic levels, which, respectively, represent the physiological, morphological, and trophic characteristics of marine fish communities. Then, we explored the influence of climate change and fishing on these characteristics because of their long‐term role in shaping fish communities, especially their interactive effects. We employed spatial linear mixed models to investigate their impacts on community‐weighted mean trait values and on abundance of different fish lengths and trophic groups. Globally, we observed an initial increasing trend in the temperature affinity of marine fish communities, whereas the weighted mean length and trophic levels of fish communities showed a declining trend. However, these shift trends were not significant, likely due to the large variation in midlatitude communities. Fishing pressure increased fish communities’ temperature affinity in regions experiencing climate warming. Furthermore, climate warming was associated with an increase in weighted mean length and trophic levels of fish communities. Low climate baseline temperature appeared to mitigate the effect of climate warming on temperature affinity and trophic levels. The effect of climate warming on the relative abundance of different trophic classes and size classes both exhibited a nonlinear pattern. The small and relatively large fish species may benefit from climate warming, whereas the medium and largest size groups may be disadvantaged. Our results highlight the urgency of establishing stepping‐stone marine protected areas to facilitate the migration of fishes to habitats in a warming ocean. Moreover, reducing human disturbance is crucial to mitigate rapid tropicalization, particularly in vulnerable temperate regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the process of adapting the Carbon Literacy for Museums Toolkit to develop a course specifically for the archive sector, Carbon Literacy for Archives, Records and Special Collections. This toolkit was launched to the sector in spring 2024. It discusses why carbon literacy (CL) is important, covering the benefits, co-benefits and what CL is. It examines the impact of carbon literacy training (CLT) on greenhouse gas emission and energy use reduction, and why CLT is so effective in generating the transformational behavioural change that is needed to create a sustainable future.Este artículo revisa el proceso de adaptación del kit de herramientas Carbon Literacy for Museums para desarrollar un curso específico para el sector de archivos, Carbon Literacy for Archives, Records and Special Collections. Este conjunto de herramientas se lanzó al sector en la primavera de 2024. Se analiza por qué la formación sobre carbono (fC) es importante, abarca los beneficios, los beneficios colaterales y qué es fC. Examina el impacto de la capacitación sobre carbono (CsC) en la reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y el uso de energía, y por qué CsC es tan eficaz para generar el cambio de comportamiento transformador que se necesita para crear un futuro sostenible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study estimates the trends in precipitable water vapor (PWV), atmospheric moisture budget (AMB), and the factors influencing them: air temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), convective available potential energy (CAPE), and vertical velocity (Omega) over the Indian subcontinent using ERA5 reanalysis data sets between 1980 and 2020. PWV is examined across three atmospheric layers (1000–850 hPa: lower layer; 850–500 hPa: middle layer; 500–300 hPa: upper layer), and the entire atmospheric column (EAC; 1000–300 hPa). The observed PWV trends exhibit variability within the EAC, ranging from −0.53 to 1.25 mm/decade across the study area, with the middle layer showing the most pronounced variation (–0.44 to 0.83 mm/decade), followed by the lower layer (0.10 to 0.45 mm/decade), and the upper layer (–0.02 to 0.23 mm/decade). These fluctuations in PWV are attributed to changes in air temperature, ET, CAPE, and Omega. This investigation, however, underscores the necessity of delving into the impacts of these influencing factors on PWV using finer resolution data, to enhance our comprehension of its spatial and temporal dynamics in the region. Furthermore, the annual AMB analysis reveals a declining trend in the study region. These findings collectively contribute to the understanding of regional water-energy cycles and the recent shifts in atmospheric dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public‐elite policy feedback mechanism of the Social Construction Framework (SCF) postulates that the public rewards policymakers for the appropriate distribution of benefits and burdens to target populations. In this article we test a key part of this dynamic by examining public receptivity to policy design features as a function of target population choice. We conduct a national survey experiment of approximately 3350 Americans. Our instrument asks respondents to indicate support or opposition to a range of policy tools in a suite of six climate change policies, but varies who would be responsible for options based upon Schneider and Ingram's idealized types. Our research design tests the independent effects of deservingness and power foundational to the construction of target populations in the SCF. We find, in general, deservingness to be a stronger predictor of support for policy tools than notions of power. We also identify situations where deservingness acts independently of power in ways not anticipated by the SCF—notably public favor for burdens on powerful groups. Our findings offer implications for theoretical and empirical development of the SCF regarding the influence of policymakers' perceptions of public acceptance of policy design in crafting public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal birds that rely on sandy beaches for breeding are vulnerable to catastrophic flooding events resulting from tropical cyclones. The effects of storm surge on annual productivity depend on the propensity and success of renesting attempts post-storm. From 2017 to 2021, I investigated the effects of storm surge on Least Tern (Sternula antillarum) annual productivity, renesting probability, and nest and chick survival after storms on Mississippi's Gulf of Mexico Coast. Tropical cyclones made landfall during peak breeding period in 3 of these years, resulting in complete overwash of all colonies. Observers monitored daily nest survival, productivity (maximum fledge count per maximum nest count), and frequency of disturbance from avian predators at each colony. Total annual productivity (fledge count per nest count across the study area) summed across colonies ranged from 0.00 to 0.07 in storm years and from 0.29 to 0.66 in non-storm years. Probability of colony re-occupation declined as a function of storm date and increased with pre-storm nest success. Disturbance rate from avian predators did not increase post-storm compared to pre-storm periods. Nest survival increased with colony size and decreased in both late-season (non-storm) and post-storm time periods. Mean probability of chick survival was 0.20 ± 0.06 (mean ± SD) for peak nesting period in non-storm years, whereas mean predicted chick survival was 0.003–0.004 in storm years and in renesting periods in all years. Storm surge resulted in nearly complete loss of Least Tern breeding productivity despite renesting attempts and colony re-occupation after storms. I found no evidence that avian predation increased post-storm as a result of habitat changes; rather, similarly low productivity was observed for late-season breeding attempts in non-storm years. Repeated storm surge events could pose a serious threat to the viability of Mississippi's coastal-nesting Least Tern population, and protection of Least Terns during early and peak nesting seasons is critical for ensuring breeding success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decree-law 3/2024, of February 6th, aims to simplify and rationalize administration in Andalusia in order to improve citizen relations and promote economic activity in the region. Measures will be implemented to improve regulation, transparency, and reduce administrative burdens. Additionally, the digital transformation of the Administration will be sought to streamline procedures and simplify relations with citizens and businesses. The decree also includes modifications in different sectors, such as the environment, environmental management, hunting and fishing, and ports in Andalusia, with the aim of simplifying administrative procedures and expediting processes. [Extracted from the article]

This research aims to understand and describe perceptions and actions of rural inhabitants challenged by severe drought and climate change affecting Chile’s central areas. It considers the cases of Santa Julia and Valle Alegre, two rural communities within the coastal city of Quintero. This area is inhabited by family agricultural households impacted by drought conditions in the last decades and close to several polluting industries. The analysis is based on the sense-making theoretical model to explain the problems that affect people’s everyday lives and their attempts to solve them by means of information produced with their own resources, within their communities and with the support of state and private agents. Between November and December 2021, the authors carried out in-depth interviews with 13 informants from both communities. The research findings suggest that severe drought leads to discontinuities both in their productive activities and community and family ties. In their search for solutions, both communities struggle with weak social bonds when attempting to organize collective action. Furthermore, they distrust local companies’ and neighbors’ help. People thus feel insecure about the future and hope that seasonal rains eventually return. In the meantime, they try to adapt and mitigate environmental impacts with the help of some public and international institutions and the application of agricultural innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]