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Estudio estratigráfico de capas pictóricas identificación de fibras textiles Retrato de la Reina María Luisa de Parma, Colección particular, Cádiz. Laboratorio de Química (IAPH) [12_2016_LAB_QUI]. El objeto es el estudio estratigráfico de las capas pictóricas de un lienzo y la identificación de las fibras textiles del mismo con el objetivo de realizar una datación de la obra.

International audience; Results of a methodology applied for the physicochemical characterization of the layers of a coated body of a Chinchorro mummy are presented. Using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (µXRD) we confirm that the plaster that covers individuals is composed of different painted layers, prepared based on clays and mineral pigments. The decorations covered by new layers of paint show an intentional act of re-painting, which is interpreted as potential rites of care for and re-signification of the dead. This raises new questions about the role played by the dead and ancestors in the rites, ceremonies and daily life of the Chinchorro society of archaic hunters, gatherers and fishermen (7,000-3,500 BP) from the coastal Atacama Desert.; Se presentan los resultados de una propuesta metodológica aplicada a la caracterización fisicoquímica de las capas pictóricas del cuerpo de una momia Chinchorro con técnica de preparación modelada. La utilización de microscopia electrónica de barrido con energía dispersiva de rayos X (MEB-EDX) y difracción de rayos X (µDRX) permite confirmar que el emplaste que recubre a los individuos se compone por diferentes capas pictóricas, preparadas a base de arcillas y pigmentos minerales, aplicadas sucesivamente. Decoraciones anteriores recubiertas por nuevas capas de pintura muestran un acto intencional de repintado, lo que se interpreta como posibles ritos de cuidado y resignificación de los muertos. A su vez abre nuevas interrogantes respecto del rol que jugaron los muertos y ancestros en los ritos, ceremonias y vida diaria de los Chinchorro, sociedad de cazadores recolectores, pescadores arcaicos (7.000- 3.500 a.p.) que habitaron la costa del desierto de Atacama.

The artist Jordi Teixidor is one of the leading exponents of twentieth century Spanish abstract art. In recent years, he has used a synthetic polymer as a support for his art work, namely polypropylene. The behaviour of this material in combination with layers of oil paint has not been studied until now. One of the objectives of this study was to chemically characterise the material present in Jordi Teixidor s work, using FT-IR spectroscopy, in order to be able to examine the behaviour of this set of materials after undergoing cycles of accelerated aging. After subjecting the samples to temperature and relative humidity cycles and ultraviolet radiation, their physico-mechanical behaviour was determined via tensile and bend tests, with the results being processed further by means of spectroscopic techniques and colour measurements. It was found that the possible migration of the additives present in the PP support and the gradual degradation of the materials could affect the adherence between the paint layers in the future., We would like to thank Ms Laura Osete and Ms Marisa Martinez, of the Instituto de Restauracion del Patrimonio at the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and The Language Centre of The Department for International Relations and Cooperation (UPV). This study forms part of the HAR2008-03444 project, funded by the Office of the Secretary-General for Science and Technology Policy, part of Spain's Ministry for Science and Innovation.

[EN] The purpose of this research is to delve into problems affecting works of contemporary art that the restorer found on many occasions such as the pathologies that resulted from the use of thin supports with heavy paint layers, which proved to be unstable. Thus, the research concluded that some techniques and materials do not work well together in contemporary art and cause many problems for the restorer. After studying how operate the paintings from a mechanical point of view and analyze and determine the different pathologies that can arise in contemporary paintings and how their emergence causes such problems, the research carried out a study of a series of works that present this problem by analyzing each case and what treatments have been made and what factors have been valued. Finally, we established guidelines of restoration which proposes the reinforcement of the works of art that show this type of deterioration by employing rigid inert supports in a way that raised questions about what features should have that support; what factors need to be considered for adherence or to be reversible as well as considering what the advantages of these materials should be in order to assess which of them adapts to the requirements of the restorers, [ES] El propósito de este trabajo se centra en profundizar en una problemática que afecta a las obras de arte contemporáneo y que el restaurador se encuentra en muchas ocasiones, como son las patologías que derivan del uso de soportes demasiado finos con técnicas pictóricas con mucho peso y grosor, soportes de por sí inestables para ser empleados en el arte, así como inadecuados para soportar diferentes técnicas y materiales. Tras estudiar cómo funcionan las pinturas desde un punto de vista mecánico y analizar y determinar las diferentes patologías que pueden aparecer en las pinturas contemporáneas, así como sus causas de formación, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de una serie de obras que presentan esta problemática, analizando en cada caso concreto qué tratamientos se han realizado y qué factores se han valorado. Finalmente, se han establecido unas pautas de restauración en las que se propone el refuerzo de las obras que presentan este tipo de deterioro mediante el empleo de soportes rígido inertes, de manera que se ha planteado qué características debe tener ese soporte, qué factores hay que tener en cuenta para su adhesión, siendo reversible, planteando las ventajas de estos materiales para así evaluar cuál se adapta a las necesidades