Search

Iris sibirica is a threatened plant species of the Central European flora, but its distribution and vegetation ecology in Slovakia have not been studied so far. Therefore, we aimed to compile a complex chorology of this species and to analyse phytosociological plots with the species occurrence. Our results suggest that Iris sibirica occurs almost in the whole Slovakia, with two distributional centres situated in the south-western region (Pannonian bioregion) and in the southern regions of central Slovakia (Carpathian bioregion), but a higher proportion of recent records was identified in the Carpathians. Vegetation classification using the TWINSPAN algorithm divided 80 vegetation plots into 5 clusters. They were interpreted syntaxonomically as follows: i) Calthion palustris alliance, ii) Deschampsion cespitosae alliance, iii) Molinion caeruleae alliance, iv) vegetation of the successional stages and transitional status between wet meadows (Calthion palustris and Molinion caeruleae) and fens (Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae), and v) vegetation with a transitional status between hygrophilous, fen vegetation of the alliances Molinion caeruleae, Caricion davallianae, Caricion fuscae and mesic habitats. Variation in the species composition of vegetation plots, analysed using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and interpreted using Ellenberg indicator values for vascular plants, showed a shift along the first DCA axis from taxa typical for nutrient-rich and shaded but thermophilic sites to taxa of open and relatively cold habitats on nutrient-poor soils. The second DCA axis corresponded to the moisture gradient, which controlled the pattern of plant species richness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The ever increasing anthropogenic impact on natural populations of rare and, especially, endangered plant species has recently become even more forceful. Therefore, the finding of a small black currant population representing sect. Eucoreosma (Spach) Jancz. within a natural environment in the south of Primorsky Territory appears highly important. Previously, none of the black currant species was recorded as occurring in this area. Materials and methods. Plants from the new locality were compared with accessions of Ribes nigrum L., R. ussuriense Jancz., R. pauciflorum Turcz. ex Pojark., and R. fontaneum Boczkarn. using morphological and molecular genetics techniques. Results and conclusion. A molecular genetics analysis of two chloroplast DNA fragments excluded any association of the discovered plants with R. nigrum or R. fontaneum. Meanwhile, no differences in chloroplast DNA fragments were found between these plants and R. ussuriense and R. pauciflorum accessions. A number of morphological features attested to a possibility to attribute the finding to the rare species R. ussuriense: its isolated localities had previously been reported in southern Primorsky Territory. The differences in chloroplast DNA fragments between the Siberian/Far Eastern species R. pauciflorum and the European/Siberian species R. nigrum make doubtful their possible fusion, based only on morphological characters, and require further studies.

Three moss species are recorded for the first time in the Republic of North Macedonia. These are Brachytheciastrum dieckei, Kiaeria starkei and Orthotrichum schimperi. Details on records are given including distribution, georeferences and ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The demand for nontimber forest products (NTFPs) has increased significantly in recent years. Hundreds of plant species that grow naturally in Türkiye have medicinal and aromatic value. Medicinal and aromatic plants are primarily used as a sources of tea, spices, condiments and essential oils. Species belonging to the genus Arbutus L. are used for decorative purposes and as fuel wood in many wood-based industries, they also have a wide range of uses in packaging, chairs making and furniture production. Additionally, the fruits of these trees are widely consumed by humans and animals because they are rich in sugar and vitamin C. It is predicted that changes in climatic conditions will significantly change the distribution, composition and function of forests threatening biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to model current and future potential geographical distributions of Arbutus unedo L., which is among the species that naturally grow in Türkiye and is of substantial value in terms of its ecological contribution to forest ecosystems, based on species presence data and environmental variables (bioclimatic variables and altitude). The current and future distribution area models for Arbutus unedo L. indicate that the potential distribution areas of the species in the coming years will gradually decrease, and in the SSP5 8.5 model, which represents the highest level of world resource usage this gradual decrease will reach its highest level and there will be no suitable distribution area left for the species. Therefore, it is predicted that the species will become endangered. In-situ and ex-situ conservation measures need to be taken to ensure the sustainability of the species in forestry and landscape areas.

This article provides useful information on the distribution of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) and presents additional data on the ecology, chorology and phytocenology of the species in the Oltenia region, Romania, based on literary sources, herbaria and field observations. By providing accurate and detailed data, this study contributes significantly to the existing knowledge, as well as mapping efforts of the species at the European level. In the subspontaneous flora of the Oltenia region, the C. sativa species is found in sheltered resorts in the counties of Gorj (Glogova, Valea Perilor, Tismana, Pocruia, Polovragi, etc.) and Mehedinți (Comăneşti, Baia de Aramă, etc.), on mesobasic soils, balanced from a hydraulic point of view. The phytocenoses where this species grows are rich in southern elements (e.g., Cornus mas L., Cerasus avium (L.) Moench, Quercus dalechampii Ten., Tilia tomentosa Moench). They are included in the Castaneo-Quercetum Horvat 1938 association. In Romania, habitats that include areas occupied by sweet chestnut are classified within habitat R4141—Daco-Balkan forests of oak (Quercus petraea) and chestnut (C. sativa) with Genista tinctoria. This habitat has a very high biodiversity conservation value and ecological importance. According to the Natura 2000 directive, sweet chestnut forests are included in the habitat category 9260, which underlines the importance at the European level for biodiversity conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for nontimber forest products (NTFPs) has increased significantly in recent years. Hundreds of plant species that grow naturally in Türkiye have medicinal and aromatic value. Medicinal and aromatic plants are primarily used as a sources of tea, spices, condiments and essential oils. Species belonging to the genus Arbutus L. are used for decorative purposes and as fuel wood in many wood-based industries, they also have a wide range of uses in packaging, chairs making and furniture production. Additionally, the fruits of these trees are widely consumed by humans and animals because they are rich in sugar and vitamin C. It is predicted that changes in climatic conditions will significantly change the distribution, composition and function of forests threatening biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to model current and future potential geographical distributions of Arbutus unedo L., which is among the species that naturally grow in Türkiye and is of substantial value in terms of its ecological contribution to forest ecosystems, based on species presence data and environmental variables (bioclimatic variables and altitude). The current and future distribution area models for Arbutus unedo L. indicate that the potential distribution areas of the species in the coming years will gradually decrease, and in the SSP5 8.5 model, which represents the highest level of world resource usage this gradual decrease will reach its highest level and there will be no suitable distribution area left for the species. Therefore, it is predicted that the species will become endangered. In-situ and ex-situ conservation measures need to be taken to ensure the sustainability of the species in forestry and landscape areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coleostephus myconis (L.) Cass. ex Rchb. subsp. discolor (Guss.) Arrigoni (Asteraceae, Asteroideae, Anthemideae) has been previously reported to occur naturally in western Italy and its Mediterranean islands. In 2013, native populations of Coleostephus myconis subsp. discolor were recorded for the first time in Tunisia. This is also the first report of this taxon to North Africa. In Tunisia, Coleostephus myconis subsp. discolor grows in coastal areas, on open clayey soils, and in communities of thermophilous herbs. The two populations observed are relatively small, covering 1000 m² and 3000 m². Further records of this taxon in other localities in neighbouring countries in North Africa are highly probable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ten new taxa of gymnosperms are added to the non-indigenous woody flora of Tunisia, after almost two decades of botanical surveys. Four of them (Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus brutia var. pityusa, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, Taxodium distichum var. distichum) are also new for the flora of North Africa. Pinus coulteri is here first reported for the Mediterranean Basin. Three genera (Cryptomeria, Pseudotsuga and Taxodium) are firstly recorded for the non-native vascular flora of Africa whereas two genera (Cedrus and Platycladus) are reported for the first time only for the woody flora of Tunisia. Brief descriptions together with filed photographs, global distributions and habitats at national scale are provided. Some taxonomic comments on their distinguishable features as well as updated keys are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent floristic surveys conducted in various regions of Morocco have revealed three new records of non-native vascular plants of the genus Solanum, namely, S. abutiloides Bitter & Lillo, S. bonariense L., and S. nitidibaccatum Bitter. The occurrence of these alien species in Morocco is documented here for the first time. For each species, information on its national habitat and distribution are given. More-over, the distinguishing morphological features of these three species are compared with the most similar species (including Moroccan Solanum species).

Pterygoneurum sampaianum (Guim.) Guim. is newly recorded in Tunisia and in France. Molecular data from French and Tunisian samples support the specific rank of P. sampaianum and allow for a clear differentiation from P. ovatum (Hedw.) Dixon in cases where the morphology appears to be transitional between the species. By including a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence data obtained from European representatives of the genus, we could re-evaluate the phylogenetic affinities of P. sampaianum which was found to be close to the recently described P. papillosum Oesau. Based on the molecularly guided identifications, we provide an amended detailed description of P. sampaianum and report on ecological and chorological details of the newly recorded specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has been carried out in some characteristic areas of Azerbaijan in recent years. The results of the chorological analyses showed that species of the Crassulacea in Irano-Turanian province, are distributed in two or three territories of this province. The results of phenologicalobservations and morphometric parameters indicate that all species have successfully passed through all stages of development. The sequence of seasonal changes in the same community is repeated from year to year, but the timing of the phases and individual details are different. As a result of the study of phenological features, the plants with the earliest start of vegetation,as well as early flowering and fruiting were identified. P. stolonifer, and S. acre are the plants with the earliest beginning of vegetation, as well as early flowering and fruiting. Fruits of plantsof the Crassulaceae genus ripen in July. 1 species of hare cabbage (Sedum acre) is found onlyin the Lesser Caucasus, two species (S. hispanicum, S. pentapetalum Boriss.) are foundthroughout Azerbaijan, 6 species (Prometheum pilosum, Phedimus spurius, Sedum gracile, S. pallidum, S.annum, Petrosedum subulatum) in the territory of the Greater and LesserCaucasus, Nakhichevan (Diabar), Lankaran, one species (Phedimus stoloniferum) of the Greater Caucasus, the Lesser Caucasus, Lankaran, one species (Sedum tenellum) in the territory of theGreater Caucasus, the Lesser Caucasus, Lankaran, one species (Sedum album) in the Lesser Caucasus, in Nakhichevan, 1 species (Prometheum sempervivoides) distributed in the regions of Nakhichevan, Lesser Caucasus, Lankaran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims – In spite of their proximity to the coasts, the flora of the islands and islets of the Algerian coasts has been poorly studied. This work is the first to provide an overall view of the richness and the determinants of the Algerian island flora. Material and methods – The study is based on a compilation of original floristic data. Two classifications of 30 islands and islets were derived from PCA and HCPC performed on the species occurrence matrix and on a matrix of flora descriptors including species richness, functional traits (life form, seed dispersal, pollination), and biogeographic range. We performed an RDA to explain the variation in flora characteristics by a set of physiographic (longitude, latitude, elevation, area, isolation, steepness index, and area/perimeter ratio) and biotic (seabird density and human presence) variables. Key results – The floristic inventory encompassed a total richness of 295 vascular plant taxa (including subspecies and varieties) on the 30 studied sites. Five main groups of islands and islets can be distinguished based on vegetation composition and three from flora descriptors. RDA model selection revealed that the combination of four variables (seabird density, area, latitude, and longitude) explained 26.6% of the variation in flora characteristics. Taken alone, the density of yellow-legged gull colonies and the island area were the main drivers of this variation. Results showed that floristic richness was associated with larger island area and higher seabird density, the importance of some plant functional traits, such as zoochory and entomogamy, and with a higher proportion of Eurasian holarctic species. Conclusion – In the context of island flora conservation, some of these small islands of Algeria can be considered as “modern refuges” from human pressures, and this is particularly important in the context of Mediterranean ecosystems characterised by a quasi-permanent human impact in various habitats. Two new important plant areas (IPAs) for Algeria are proposed following the results of these floristic inventories [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

New chorological data are presented for ten bryophyte species. Of these, Corsinia coriandrina, Fossombronia angulosa, Aulacomnium androgynum, Dicranum undulatum, Drepanocladus trifarius, and Fissidens osmundoides are red-listed. New localities are reported for the recently found in Bulgaria Ephemerum crassinervium subsp. sessile and Thamnobryum neckeroides, and the occurrence of Pseudephemerum nitidum is confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we present history and modern distribution of Typha laxmannii in Ukraine, its ecological and phytocoenotic peculiarities. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, alien species of Asian origin which is currently spreading in the country. For the first time in the flora of Ukraine T. laxmannii (under the name T. stenophylla) was recorded in 1902 in the south of Ukraine (Kherson Oblast). The species is distributed almost throughout Ukraine, but with a majority of records in the central and western parts of Ukraine. The association Typhetum laxmannii formed by this species is common for Ukraine. Depending on the ecological and geographical conditions and floristic composition, 3 following variants in this association were identified: var. typica, var. T. latifola, and var. Schoenoplectus lacustris. Phytocoenoses of this association are distributed almost throughout the whole territory of Ukraine, but the ecological optimum of the species is observed in the South of the country, in the steppe zone, on slightly saline, well-watered substrates. Based on studies conducted in Zhytomyr Oblast in 1995–2021, the expansion rate of T. laxmannii was observed – from the South to the North – in average 16.6 ± 1.09 km·year−1. From the sites of the primary penetration of the species into the region (Forest-Steppe zone), the expansion rate of it toward to the North was significantly lower (7.7–9.0 km·year−1) compared to that in the Forest zone – Ukrainian Polissia (23.4–31.9 km·year−1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A short overview of the history of academic geography since the 19th century shows that there has never been a unity of physical and human geography in the past, at least in the form that is strived for today to justify the relevance of geography in coping with the present problems faced by humanity. But the fact that the limits of positivism start to be recognized in physical geography opens a way to collaboration for addressing the pressing problems affecting our planet today. The paper ends with some examples of how such a collaboration might look like and advocates greater attention to a political chorological approach, concentrating on the diversity of regions in the world, by taking both their internal and external relationships in terms of power structures into account.

The article analyses one of the most unique species of mammals in the fauna of Ukraine—the fossorial rodent Spalax arenarius. The sandy mole rat is an endemic of the Ukrainian Black Sea region, one of the two endemic species in the mammal fauna of Ukraine and also a species having the smallest geographic range among representatives of the East European mammal fauna. The specifics of the modern distribution of this species, its morphological features and differences from the neighbouring species, from which it can be considered a derivative, are analysed. Particular attention is paid to five aspects of the chorological analysis: 1) description of the current distribution with a detailed map of the species’ occurrence; 2) analysis of ancient Spalax specimens and the former distribution of this species based on actual data; 3) determination of the actual range boundaries, primarily along the land, i.e. in the east of its distribution, 4) analysis of the probable reasons for the range restriction from the west as a probably recent expansion to the region; and 5) construction of a model of the formation of the current range based on reconstructions of the distribution of Spalax in the Taurida Steppe. The latter was carried out considering the morphological features of Spalax arenarius, which are most similar to those of Spalax giganteus, whose modern range is limited to the Caspian Sea regions and, apparently, the North Caucasus. According to morphology and habitat reconstructions, the sandy mole rat is most likely a sister species to Spalax giganteus and one of the source forms for the western S. zemni (similar to the history of ground squirrels). The unique features of the Lower Dnipro population are presented, including the colouration of the feet and rhinaria and the structure of the skull. The history of the Lower Dnipro settlement is considered in view of the regular flooding of the region in historical times (including the flood of 2022). The hypothesis of a recent (possibly secondary) expansion of the species into the region and the specifics of its presence and absence in other neighbouring territories, in particular in the Crimea, Syvash, and the Molochnyi Estuary area, are formulated and considered. The sands zone is most likely the area of recent expansion of the species, which demonstrates a correspondence to the entire complex of Lower Dnipro isolates, including Microtus socialis, Sylvaemus witherbyi, and Scirtopoda telum.

A short overview of the history of academic geography since the 19th century shows that there has never been a unity of physical and human geography in the past, at least in the form that is strived for today to justify the relevance of geography in coping with the present problems faced by humanity. But the fact that the limits of positivism start to be recognized in physical geography opens a way to collaboration for addressing the pressing problems affecting our planet today. The paper ends with some examples of how such a collaboration might look like and advocates greater attention to a political chorological approach, concentrating on the diversity of regions in the world, by taking both their internal and external relationships in terms of power structures into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the population structure and ecology of the species Leucojum vernum (spring snowflake) in Întorsurii Mountains, South-Eastern Carpathians, where was supposed to be extinct. The research objectives were: (1) to identify the species in Popii Valley, (2) to estimate its population size, (3) to map the species extent, (4) to delineate the species ecological niche, (5) to identify and describe the vegetation types where the species grows, (6) to identify the co-occurring species as indicators of suitable habitat for L. vernum, and (7) to assess the species conservation status in Popii Valley and in Romania. Identification and description of the species population relied on an intensive survey in the whole watershed of Popii Valley. A detailed vegetation map of the Popii Valley watershed was created. For the description of the species habitat, 27 sampling plots were used. The species ecological preferences were drawn by means of the indicator species analysis, climate and geological maps. Climate suitability was checked by projecting the analyzed population in the bioclimatic envelope of L. vernum in Romania, using principal components analysis (PCA) ordination and classes of aridity index. The assessment of the conservation status followed the principles and methodological standards for monitoring protected species at the European Union and global level. In the studied area L. vernum was found in four forest associations, on moist and nutrient-rich soils. The indicator species of the suitable / unsuitable habitats were identified with the help of the phi coefficient of association between species. The population size and species habitat are in favorable conditions, although signs of bulbs collection for gardening were observed. These findings were discussed in a national and global context. An updated map for species extent in Romania was provided in order to support the assessment of the global and national IUCN category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qom province with the surface area of 11526 km2 lies between 34˚8́35˚11́N and 50˚4́51˚59́E is located in Iran. According to the Global Bioclimatic Classification System (GBC), Qom province characterized by a Mediterranean climate and of xeric and desertic continental sub-climates. A checklist was prepared to outline the species richness of the studied area, including 841 plant species representing 385 genera and 81 families. 109 species were also reported for the first time, which were not previously reported from this province in botanical sources and studies. Angiosperms are represented by 734 and 100, Eudicots and Monocots, respectively. The prominent families are Asteraceae with, 117 and Fabaceae with, 87 species. Richest genera fall into Astragalus (59), Salsola (16) and Cousinia (15). However, 51.8% of the families are monogene0ric, while 59.5% of the monogeneric families are monospecific. Therophyte (37.9%) and hemicryptophyte (35.1%) are dominant life form spectra in the studied area. Results also indicate the IranoTuranian species (60.2%) are the main chorological elements of Qom province. Of all studied species, nearly 63 (7.5%) belong to Iranian endemics. The main vegetation types found in Qom province include semi-desert Artemisia steppe, thorn-cushion mountain steppe, open shrublands, cliff vegetation, marl and gypsophilous vegetation, halophytic vegetation, psammophyte vegetation, aquatic and riverine communities, as well as invasive and ruderal communities. By using species richness analysis in 0.1-degree grids, Veshnaveh and Palang Darre were identified as the richest areas of Qom province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A phytochorological and ecobiological study of the nine species, two subspecies and two varieties of the genera Aeonium and Greenovia in La Gomera is carried out, with special attention to F1 hybridization in nature. To the ten hybrids already described on the island, seven new hybrids were discovered, which are the subject of a separate publication. In all the known hybrids I determined whether the parents were sympatric or allopatric. The geographical coincidence of the parents was a sine qua non requirement for hybridization to occur in all the hybrids known so far, since pollen transfer by biotic and abiotic agents does not function between disjunct areas. The two prezygotic reproductive barriers that currently prevent interspecific hybridization in Aeonium or intergeneric hybridization between Aeonium and Greenovia are the geographic separation of populations and the different flowering times. The ability to survive and reproduce successfully of F1 hybrids in Aeonium and Greenovia is usually lower than that of the parent species and they generally disappear from the environment in the first filial generation without leaving offspring. The fundamental principles that govern F1 hybridization in La Gomera are extracted, and after verifying that they were also fulfilled in the other mountainous islands, they were synthesized in eight principles, which provide an updated vision of hybridization in the genus Aeonium. Citation: Arango O. 2024: Principles governing F1 hybridization in the genera Aeonium and Greenovia in La Gomera, Canary Islands. – Willdenowia 53: 257–268 Version of record first published online on 23 January 2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thymus numidicus Poir. (Lamiaceae) is a species endemic to an extended area of the northern African coast, in Algeria and Tunisia, named "Kabylia‐Numidia‐Kroumiria." This taxon was formerly regarded as restricted to siliceous substrata until the finding of a population on marly limestone from the "Mejarda Valley's region" in north‐western Tunisia. Due to the differentiation of several morphological characters including mainly leaf color, shape and size, calyx, and corolla color and size, the collected material is illustrated and a subspecies new to science is here presented, Thymus numidicus subsp. vagaensis El Mokni & Domina. Discrimination of the new subspecies with T. numidicus subsp. numidicus is discussed; the ranges of variation in size and color of leaves, calyx, and corolla of the two subspecies are illustrated. Habitat, ecology, chromatographic profiles, and conservation issues are also considered. The lectotypes of the names Thymus numidicus Poir. and T. lanceolatus subsp. kabylicus Batt. are here designated and T. lanceolatus subsp. kabylicus is included among the synonyms of T. numidicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: We present relevant records of nine species of sedges (Cyperaceae) for Peru. For the genus Carex, we present two new national records (C. haematopus, C. lepida), plus relevant data for another six hitherto poorly known species. We also present the first record of Trichophorum rigidum subsp. ecuadoriense for Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an updated overview of the world’s biogeographical realms and regions in the terrestrial domain. It incorporates new data on floristic and vegetation aspects, along with recent regional information, which has emerged in the decades following the influential maps created by A. Takhtajan and R. Good. We elucidate the various biogeographic scales, ranging from kingdoms to districts, and outline the specific criteria that define them. We delve into the criteria used for characterizing the kingdoms and regions, with a particular focus on their floristic content, evolutionary background, and vegetation patterns, expressed through biomes and subbiomes. Additionally, we discuss the climatic conditions and their variability within and between these units. Our study identifies six kingdoms and 42 regions that are recognized for the entire planet and provides a concise summary for each of them.

The Zerhoun massif culminates at 978 m altitude in a series of mountains perpendicular to the Atlantic Ocean. The rugged relief of the dition would be a refuge for a remarkable plant biodiversity that the present study aims to evaluate. The sampling follows an altitudinal gradient. The plant material collected and identified shows the presence of 209 taxa affiliated to 156 genera and 49 families of which the best represented are: the Fabaceae (27), Asteraceae (23 taxa), Poaceae (22), followed by the Lamiaceae (16), Caryophyllaceae (11) and Apiaceae (11). The area hosts to 13 endemic taxa and could be considered a biodiversity hot spot.

Introduction: Plants play a key role in the balance of ecosystems and therefore are vital for the sustainability of the environment. Any knowledge about the plant species of a region is considered the basic principle for other research and can be a starting point for future supplementary studies. Biodiversity is one of the important aspects of life, especially considering the climate and land use. Destruction of the environment and natural resources has caused the extinction of plant and animal species and consequently, the reduction of biodiversity in the world. Given that today humans are facing numerous environmental issues and threats to biodiversity, the best way to save biodiversity and understand its values is to continuously evaluate and monitor natural habitats. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and analyzing plant biodiversity in the Plang-Dareh protected area in Qom province, as well as determining the endemism and conservation status of plant species in the area. The results obtained from this research can be used to explain the role of protected areas in the preservation and maintenance of genetic resources, environmental health and the development of appropriate management-protection plans.Materials and Methods: Palang-Dareh protected area is located southwest of Qom province. In order to make a contribution to the flora of the region during periodic visits, plant samples were collected in the growing seasons for two consecutive years. Any information about collected samples was noted, and the samples were pressed and dried. Plant species were identified using relevant Floras. In addition to determining the endemic and conservation status of plant species, the life form of plants was determined based on the Raunkier method and the chorology of plant species in the study area was determined using Zohari and Leonard classification. In order to evaluate the biodiversity of vegetation along an altitude gradient, the height (a.s.l.) in the study area was divided into three zones (1600-1900, 1300-2200, 1600-1900 meters). Systematic-random sampling was done from different altitude zone of the study area and biodiversity indices were calculated.Results: Based on our results there are 171 plant species belonging to 126 genera and 46 families in the studied area. The family Asteraceae is the richest plant family in Palang-Dareh. In terms of life form, 45% of the species belong to hemicryptophytes and 22% to therophytes. The chorology of the species showed that more than 65% of the flora of the Palang-Dareh protected area belong to the Irano-Turanian chorotype and 12% belong to the Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean phytogeographical regions. 15% of the identified species are endemic to Iran and some plants are on the list of vulnerable or endangered species. The evaluation of biodiversity indices in different altitude zones revealed that the species diversity and species richness indices have reached their maximum in the intermediate altitude zone and the species diversity decreases with increasing altitude.Discussion: Having comprehensive knowledge about the vegetation of an area is an essential and the first step in solving ecological issues such as biodiversity conservation, natural resources management and, assessment of environmental conditions. The dominance of a dry climate as well as over-grazing and unauthorized human activities have led to the high prevalence of certain plant species (known as indicators of destruction) and also therophytes in the studied area. Enjoying diverse vegetation and suitable natural habitats, protected areas have an essential role in biodiversity conservation. Based on our results some endemic plants of the area have vulnerable or endangered conservation status so that, more precise conservation plans should be put on the agenda.

The paper presents data on the distribution and spread of the alien vascular plant species Geranium sibiricum in Slovakia. Greater attention should be given to the existing data on its chorology and habitat preferences in the country. Some pertinent records are dispersed in various local literature sources and herbaria. In Slovakia, this alien species was recorded for the first time in 1924, but the significant increase in localities started after 1980. G. sibiricum has been found in 67 localities scattered irregularly throughout the Pannonian and Carpathian phytogeographical regions. It has been noted in a wide range of anthropogenic habitats at low to middle elevations. Recently, it has spread mainly in urban areas in eastern Slovakia and along railway tracks in northern and western Slovakia.

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article provides useful information on the distribution of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa) and presents additional data on the ecology, chorology and phytocenology of the species in the Oltenia region, Romania, based on literary sources, herbaria and field observations. By providing accurate and detailed data, this study contributes significantly to the existing knowledge, as well as mapping efforts of the species at the European level. In the subspontaneous flora of the Oltenia region, the C. sativa species is found in sheltered resorts in the counties of Gorj (Glogova, Valea Perilor, Tismana, Pocruia, Polovragi, etc.) and Mehedinți (Comăneşti, Baia de Aramă, etc.), on mesobasic soils, balanced from a hydraulic point of view. The phytocenoses where this species grows are rich in southern elements (e.g., Cornus mas L., Cerasus avium (L.) Moench, Quercus dalechampii Ten., Tilia tomentosa Moench). They are included in the Castaneo-Quercetum Horvat 1938 association. In Romania, habitats that include areas occupied by sweet chestnut are classified within habitat R4141—Daco-Balkan forests of oak (Quercus petraea) and chestnut (C. sativa) with Genista tinctoria. This habitat has a very high biodiversity conservation value and ecological importance. According to the Natura 2000 directive, sweet chestnut forests are included in the habitat category 9260, which underlines the importance at the European level for biodiversity conservation.

This paper presents new data on the occurrence of 16 vascular plant species from five Eurasian countries obtained during field explorations, as well as during taxonomic revisions of herbarium materials. Five taxa ( Draba fladnizensis , Gentiana orbicularis , Helianthus giganteus , Symphyotrichum cordifolium , Thalictrum alpinum ) are recorded for the first time from Poland, five ( Achnatherum jacquemontii , Arrhenatherum elatius , Dittrichia graveolens , Geranium pyrenaicum , Stipa × balkanabatica ) from Tajikistan, three ( Achnatherum sibiricum , Asyneuma thomsonii , Stipa × balkanabatica ) from Kyrgyzstan, one ( Orobanche bartlingii ) from Turkey, one (C alamagrostis obtusata ) from China and one ( Calamagrostis emodensis ) from the Gansu Province in China. In addition, Hieracium piliferum , considered extinct in Poland, was rediscovered. For each species, synonyms, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar taxa occurring in a given area, general distribution, habitat preferences, as well as a list of recorded localities (often far from the previously known areas) are presented. As a result of the morphological comparison of specimens representing Stipa × balkanabatica collected in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan with the type specimen collected from Turkmenistan, we decided to describe a new variety named S . × balkanabatica var. alaiensis M. Nobis & Klichowska, var. nov . Additionally, based on the analysis of phytosociological relevés prepared during field studies in the western Pamir Alai Mts (in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan), a new association of chasmophytic plants named Asperulo oppositifoliae – Achnatheretum jacquemontii M. Nobis, Klichowska & A. Nowak, is also described.

The Orchidaceae Family is the most diversified and widespread higher plant family worldwide. In Romania, orchids are found from the coastal sandy dunes of the Black Sea, to the highest rocky cliffs at an altitude over 2000 m. They grow in any type of soil (from slightly acid to basic), covering the whole range of humidity, from the driest areas to the most humid marshes and swamps. Some of them are sun-loving species, growing in full sun, in short grasslands and meadows, while others are shadow-loving species, growing hidden in the middle of the darkest forests. The paper presents 39 orchid species (from 62 species found in Romanian Flora), which can be found also in Argeș county. One explanation for the large number of species in the Argeș county could be the diversity of habitats. The orchid species described in the paper will be ordered alphabetically, accompanied by the ecology, coenology and chorology in the Argeș county. It is very important to know the distribution of orchids in our country, because in this way changes in the ecosystems can be prevented, thus ensuring the survival and perpetuation of such rare and beautiful plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zerhoun massif culminates at 978 m altitude in a series of mountains perpendicular to the Atlantic Ocean. The rugged relief of the dition would be a refuge for a remarkable plant biodiversity that the present study aims to evaluate. The sampling follows an altitudinal gradient. The plant material collected and identified shows the presence of 209 taxa affiliated to 156 genera and 49 families of which the best represented are: the Fabaceae (27), Asteraceae (23 taxa), Poaceae (22), followed by the Lamiaceae (16), Caryophyllaceae (11) and Apiaceae (11). The area hosts to 13 endemic taxa and could be considered a biodiversity hot spot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To carry out a floristical inventory of plants used in traditional medicine in the HaouzRehamna region, a series of ethnobotanical surveys were conducted during five campaigns (2012–2017) with a representative sample of 1,700 people. These researches are completed by the determination of species collected in the field. It is worth mentioning that, taking into account the recent changes at the international level on taxonomy, the results obtained allowed us to elaborate a catalogue of 415 plant species (bryophytes (2 species); lichens (1), superior mushrooms (1), pteridophytes (4), gymnosperms (8), chlamydosperms (2) and angiosperms (397)) belonging to 291 genera and 99 botanical families, of which nine are the most representative and total 53.49%, namely: Asteraceae (11.33%), Lamiaceae (10.12%), Fabaceae (8.43%), Apiaceae (6.50%), Solanaceae (4.34%), Poaceae (3.86%), Rosaceae (3.37%), Brassicaceae (3.13%) and Cucurbitaceae (2.41%). On the contrary, the other 90 families represent a specific number less than or equal to 1.93%. The data also reflect a high degree of monotypic, where a single species represented 47.48% of the recorded families, and 79.03% of the genera were monotypic. The spontaneous plants occupy the first place with 241 species (58.07%). In addition, the classification by genus showed that the genus Mentha is the most used by its number of species (8 species). Moreover, we noted the use of 12 hybrid species. The chorological analysis revealed the domination of taxa with Mediterranean distribution for spontaneous species. Therophytes (27%) and phanerophytes (23.36%) are the most represented life forms. The results of this study could serve as a basis for future research in the field of floristics and ecology for the conservation of biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of Carex L. (true sedges) and Hypericum L. (St. John's wort) in the Neotropics is fragmentary.As a result of a fieldwork campaign in Ecuador and revision of herbarium collections (K, QCA and QCNE), we present here relevant records of twelve Carex (Cyperaceae) and four Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species. Regarding Carex, we present the novel report for South America of C. aztecica, as well as the first Ecuadorian records for C. brehmeri, C. collumanthus, C. fecunda, C. melanocystis and C. punicola. The three later records have additional biogeographical significance, as they represent the new northern limit of these species. We also include observations for another five species included in the Ecuadorian Red List of Endemic Plants. As a result, the list of native Carex reported for Ecuador would now include 52 taxa. With regard to Hypericum, we include the new report of H. sprucei for the province of Bolívar, and the confirmation of the presence of three rare species (H. acostanum, H. matangense, H. prietoi) in their type localities, although with extremely low population sizes. We discuss their conservation status and implications.

Saudi Arabia diverse landforms include saltmarshes, sand dunes, desert plains, desert pavements, ancient lava fields, and mountains. Climate is influenced by winter Polar and summer Tropical Continental air masses. Tropical Maritime air affects southwestern regions during summer. Climate depends also on location and altitude with hot humid coastal areas, hot dry deserts, hyper-arid desert pavements and lava fields, and temperate mountainous regions. Climate exhibits spatiotemporal patterns reflecting north-south gradients of temperature, rainfall, evapotranspiration, and aridity. Vast latitudinal range and steep altitudinal gradient create temperature variations, affect rainfall seasonality and distribution, and influence dry season duration. Distribution of plant communities and species reflects multitudinous interactions between climate and plant traits, physiology, and chorology. Species exhibiting C3 photosynthesis inhabit cool northern regions and temperate southwestern mountains, species with C4 photosynthesis inhabit hot low-lying regions, and arido-active succulents with crassulacean acid metabolism dominate hyper-arid desert pavements and lava fields. Plant distribution also relates to species chorology with Euro-Siberian, Irano-Turanian, and Mediterranean chorotypes dominating cool northern regions and temperate southwestern mountains, while Saharo-Sindian, Sudano-Zambezian, and Tropical chorotypes dominating hot southern regions. Plant communities and species occurring in different habitats are described in relation to their traits, physiology, and chorology. Nature reserves and phytodiversity hotspots are considered with special reference to endemic, rare, endangered, and invasive species. An environmental perspective is also given in relation to anthropogenic pressures and positive directives of Saudi Vision 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An updated checklist of ferns and lycophytes of Algeria is presented, including taxonomy, distribution, conservation status, and notes. Overall, 61 taxa of ferns and lycophytes, from 2 genera and 16 families, are reported for Algeria, which counts for approximately 54% of the North African pteridophytes. There are also ten further uncertain taxa that need modern confirmation. The purpose of this work was to revise the checklist of all known pteridophytes present in Algeria and to provide a discussion on their taxonomy diversity, distribution pattern, rarity, conservation status, and national legal protection. Critical comments on most of the taxa are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Botanica Serbica is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute of Botany & Botanical Garden Jevremovac and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natura Croatica is the property of Natura Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)