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OBJECTIVE: Stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic and limited availability of mental health care services have negatively impacted youth mental health in a significant way. In the first year of the pandemic, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by roughly 25% in pediatric populations. While the general trend is clear, this research aimed to explore the added mental health burden of acute COVID-19 on pediatric patients with chronic conditions and describe the differences in mental health outcomes between pediatric patients with 2 common chronic conditions (asthma and diabetes) to better understand specific factors that may increase susceptibility to mental health concerns. METHOD: Using the TriNetX database, data were extracted for all pediatric patients (aged 5-17 years) with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) within a 1-year time frame (April 7, 2021, to April 6, 2022). These patients were divided into 4 cohorts based on the presence of chronic conditions before COVID-19 infection: diabetes (n = 1,587), asthma (n = 13,217), diabetes plus asthma (n = 626), and neither diabetes nor asthma (n = 104,427). For all cohorts, patients with other chronic illness and previous mental health diagnoses were excluded using relevant ICD-10 codes. After matching for demographics, comorbid conditions, and body mass index, odds ratios (ORs) of the following outcomes were compared between cohorts after 6 months: new psychiatric diagnosis using relevant ICD-10 codes, hospitalization within 1 week, and mortality. RESULTS: After matching, there were statistically significant differences in outcomes between patients with chronic illness and healthy controls after 6 months. Compared with healthy controls, the asthma cohort OR of developing a new psychiatric diagnosis was 1.4 (95% CI 1.15-1.71, p < .001), and the diabetes cohort OR was 1.81 (95% CI 1.11-2.94, p = .015). The new psychiatric diagnosis OR of the asthma cohort compared with the diabetes cohort was 0.62 (95% CI 0.39-0.99, p = .045), suggesting that patients in the diabetes cohort were particularly susceptible to additional mental health diagnoses after an acute COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION: Compared with healthy controls, pediatric patients with asthma and pediatric patients with diabetes experienced increased odds of developing a new psychiatric diagnosis after an acute COVID-19 infection.

The purpose of this project was to implement intentional spiritual care in a community population with chronic illness in the United States to reduce risk of depression. A convenience sample (n = 10) of members of a congregation participated in scheduled spiritual care for 12 weeks. The PHQ-9 depression screening tool was given pre and postimplementation to evaluate efficacy of the spiritual care sessions on risk of depression. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected. All participants identified as having at least one chronic illness and considered themselves to be spiritual. Initial PHQ-9 scores indicated all participants had mild to moderately severe risk of depression. Postimplementation PHQ-9 scores indicated a decrease in score ranging from no risk to moderate risk of depression. Postimplementation PHQ-9 scores indicated a decrease in depression score of 2.8 points on average. The paired samples t-test result for the before versus after PHQ-9 were statistically significant with p <.01 and t(9) = 4.882. During this project, no participant experienced an increase or worsening of their illness. These results showed that identifying individual spiritual needs and incorporating intentional spiritual care can reduce the risk of depression and decrease exacerbation episodes in chronically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection that affects all ages, though it is most severe in young infants. Adults, especially those with respiratory conditions or other chronic illnesses can also suffer serious consequences of pertussis. Pertussis vaccination is the best method of disease prevention in a lifetime. This behavioral study aimed to assess physicians' attitudes towards pertussis vaccination in adults and the importance of pertussis vaccination for disease prevention, especially in those with chronic illnesses, and to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult vaccination behaviors. Methods: Between November 2022 and January 2023, physicians from the US, France, and Germany registered in an independent online database were contacted to participate in this study. After eligibility screening, participating physicians completed an online questionnaire addressing topics related to physician recommendations and vaccination behavior around pertussis in adults. Results: Eight hundred physicians participated in the study (US: 400; France: 200; Germany: 200). Physicians' attitudes towards pertussis vaccination in adults were broadly similar between the countries. Overall, 65% of physicians believed in the importance of vaccination against pertussis, a lower proportion than for COVID-19 (82%), influenza (81%), pneumococcal disease (76%), and tetanus (73%). Physicians considered immunocompromised adults or those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or other respiratory conditions to be at greatest risk from pertussis. Physicians estimated that two-thirds of the adult patients to whom they recommended pertussis vaccination agreed to receive it. The top reason why they felt patients did not receive pertussis vaccination as recommended was low perception of personal risk for pertussis. Physicians' pertussis vaccination behavior was found to be similar before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: While physicians in the surveyed countries recognized the value of pertussis vaccination in adults, they ranked its importance lower than that of other adult vaccines. Physicians recognized the need to immunize vulnerable adults who are at risk of severe pertussis, such as those with asthma and/or COPD, but this awareness frequently did not result in vaccination of these priority groups, especially without official recommendations to support such vaccination in these groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain is one of the most common concerns among chronically ill older adults. However, access to pain management is not equitable among certain populations, including rural residents. This qualitative study explored rural older adults' experiences with pain and its treatment. Eighteen participants were recruited from rural counties of Alabama, who were age 60+, cognitively intact, community-dwelling, had one or more chronic/serious illnesses, and experienced pain. Open-ended questions were asked in individual interviews, and inductive, thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Findings revealed the impact of pain (physical limitations, psychological distress, and coping strategies), the impact of COVID-19 (physical/mental health and pain management), challenges in pain management in rural areas (lack of provider and healthcare resources, transportation-related issues, mistrust, and limited insurance coverage) and suggestions to address these challenges. Program and policy-level interventions are crucial in improving the resources and education/training needed for effective pain management for rural older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we offer a novel IoT-based Arduino healthcare monitoring system that aims to meet the pressing demand of tracking vital health data in real-time. The device uses a number of sensors to assess temperature, oxygen saturation, and heart rate, among other vital indications. Interestingly, there is also an alerting mechanism that warns medical professionals right away if oxygen levels fall below a certain threshold. Our affordable and user-friendly design guarantees accessibility for a wide variety of patients. The system uses the simplicity and flexibility of the Arduino platform to give real-time data visualization on a display. This technology is a strong option for healthcare applications because of its smooth integration with other technologies. Moreover, the data collected by the sensors is securely stored in the cloud using platforms like ThingSpeak, ensuring easy access and analysis by healthcare providers regardless of their location. Our suggested approach plays a crucial role in early health problem identification by providing real-time data, possibly greatly improving patient outcomes. The workload for healthcare professionals is also lessened by the automation of data collection and processing. This study highlights the IoT's affordability, adaptability, and real-time capabilities in the healthcare industry. It also demonstrates how Arduino technology, with its intuitive design, provides sophisticated and flexible monitoring systems that effectively process data, facilitate early problem detection, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative research study explored how social workers in Nigerian hospital managed the complex needs of older adults living with chronic illnesses among individuals residing in rural communities of Nigeria. As the global population continues to age, the burden of chronic illnesses among older adults is growing, however, there is limited knowledge on how social workers in hospital are addressing these numerous challenges in Nigerian healthcare systems. Keeping with the principle of a descriptive phenomenological approach, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 16 medical social workers from six geo-political zones in Nigeria. Data analysis revealed three themes on the multifaceted nature of their work. These themes encompassed: 1) emotional toll of witnessing the suffering of older adults, 2) navigating a resource-constrained healthcare system, and 3) the importance of collaboration element of/with community leaders/ faith-based healers in Nigeria for effective care. The study highlights the need for improved training, support, and recognition of social workers within the Nigerian healthcare system. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of a holistic and collaborative approach involving social workers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and communities to improve the well-being of this vulnerable population in Nigeria and similar settings around the world.

Lutein, a plant-derived xanthophyl-carotenoid, is an exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituent found in food. High dietary intake of lutein is beneficial against eye disease, improves cardiometabolic health, protects from neurodegenerative diseases, and is beneficial for liver, kidney, and respiratory health. Lutein protects against oxidative and nitrosative stress, both of which play a major role in long COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Lutein is an important natural agent for therapeutic use against oxidative and nitrosative stress in chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. It can also potentially inhibit spike protein-induced inflammation. Rich dietary supplementation of lutein, naturally derived in non-biodegradable Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), can most optimally be used against oxidative and nitrosative stress during post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Due to its high oleic acid (OA) content, EVOO supports optimal absorption of dietary lutein. The main molecular pathways by which the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces pathology, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-κB) and activated protein (AP)-1, can be suppressed by lutein. Synergy with other natural compounds for spike protein detoxification is likely.

Lutein, a plant-derived xanthophyl-carotenoid, is an exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituent found in food. High dietary intake of lutein is beneficial against eye disease, improves cardiometabolic health, protects from neurodegenerative diseases, and is beneficial for liver, kidney, and respiratory health. Lutein protects against oxidative and nitrosative stress, both of which play a major role in post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Lutein is an important natural agent for therapeutic use against oxidative and nitrosative stress in chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. It can also potentially inhibit spike protein-induced inflammation. Rich dietary supplementation of lutein, naturally derived in non-biodegradable Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), can most optimally be used against oxidative and nitrosative stress during post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Due to its high oleic acid (OA) content, EVOO supports optimal absorption of dietary lutein. The main molecular pathways by which the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces pathology, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-κB) and activated protein (AP)-1, can be suppressed by lutein. Synergy with other natural compounds for spike protein detoxification is likely.

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Adolescents with chronic illnesses face unparalleled challenges. To better understand these challenges and their impact on mental well-being, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Dysregulation Profile (SDQ-DP) was employed as a clinical assessment tool. The primary aim of our cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care center was to assess the prevalence of high SDQ-DP scores and its association with depressive symptoms, suicidal behaviors, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adolescents aged 10–18 years diagnosed with various chronic illnesses. Among the 130 participants, 11.5% exhibited high SDQ-DP scores. Adolescents with high SDQ-DP scores displayed significantly higher rates of depression (aOR 12.37, 95% CI 2.15–71.19), suicidal ideation (aOR 18.68, 95%CI 2.72–128.33), suicidal plan (aOR 23.02, 95%CI 3.48–152.24), suicidal attempt (aOR 25.48, 95%CI 2.83–229.17) and diminished HRQoL (p < 0.001). This study has supported the correlation between high SDQ-DP scores and compromised mental well-being, highlighting the tool's clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health problem with disproportionately high endemicity in Africa and Ghana. The current national prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women in Ghana stands at 7.44%, highlighting the considerable threat of chronic hepatitis B on pregnant women and their general well-being. The study explored the informational and practical needs of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B in Ghana. Fourteen pregnant women were selected purposefully using the exploratory descriptive qualitative design. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings showed that pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B lacked knowledge about the infection and were in great need of hepatitis B-related information. The study also revealed significant financial implications for treating the infection, necessitating policy reforms and stakeholder actions. To achieve effective coping, better health-seeking, and health-promoting behaviors for better health outcomes, it is crucial to provide targeted care that comprehensively covers the specific needs of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B. It is also essential to consider including hepatitis B management in the National Health Insurance package to improve care quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lutein, a plant-derived xanthophyl-carotenoid, is an exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituent found in food. High dietary intake of lutein is beneficial against eye disease, improves cardiometabolic health, protects from neurodegenerative diseases, and is beneficial for liver, kidney, and respiratory health. Lutein protects against oxidative and nitrosative stress, both of which play a major role in long COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Lutein is an important natural agent for therapeutic use against oxidative and nitrosative stress in chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. It can also potentially inhibit spike protein-induced inflammation. Rich dietary supplementation of lutein, naturally derived in non-biodegradable Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), can most optimally be used against oxidative and nitrosative stress during post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Due to its high oleic acid (OA) content, EVOO supports optimal absorption of dietary lutein. The main molecular pathways by which the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces pathology, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-κB) and activated protein (AP)-1, can be suppressed by lutein. Synergy with other natural compounds for spike protein detoxification is likely.

Background: Occupational nurses continue to provide service to mineworkers diagnosed with chronic illnesses, however, non-adherence to medication is prevalent, cause overcrowding, long queues and admission at hospitals as they become sick. Aim: This study aimed to describe the experience of occupational nurses (ONs) regarding non-adherence to medication among mineworkers diagnosed with chronic illnesses. Setting: The study was conducted at a selected mine in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design that is contextual in nature, was used with a phenomenological approach. Thirteen ONs were purposively sampled and individual face-to-face interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti 24 software was applied to analyse the data collected. The researcher and the independent coder held a consensus discussion and agreed on the themes and the sub-themes. Results: Two themes and various sub-themes emerged along with Care-related challenges linked to the mineworkers and challenges related to the provision of service to mineworkers. Data analysed indicated that the ONs had varying but often similar perspectives regarding non-adherence to medication among mineworkers diagnosed with chronic illnesses. Conclusion: Non-adherence to medication is prevalent among mineworkers diagnosed with chronic illnesses and improving the mineworkers’ outcomes requires addressing the issue of non-adherence to primary medication. Contribution: This study highlights the importance of adhering to prescribed medication among mineworkers diagnosed with chronic illnesses to ensure quality of life.

Problem considered: Having cardiovascular, pulmonary and metabolic illnesses increases the likelihood of developing critical COVID-19. As the global population is aging, people with chronic illnesses may have high demands for health care, including critical care, in future health crises. The purpose of this research was to examine whether presence of different pre-existing chronic illnesses were associated with the onset of respiratory failure among patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University Hospital “Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje” in Belgrade (Serbia) during the January–March 2021 epidemic wave, which had the highest mortality rate in Serbia. The study included COVID-19 patients who were treated and discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Data on chronic illnesses and clinical parameters regarding COVID-19 were retrieved from the electronic medical records. Results: Of 299 surviving ICU-treated patients during the study period, 47.5 % required mechanical ventilation. The adjusted logistic regression models adjusted for body mass index (BMI), platelet count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase, urea, oxygen saturation on admission and CT score showed that diabetes, neurological disorders (predominantly stroke), and recent injuries/fractures were independently associated with the onset of respiratory failure. Patients who had respiratory failure also had a higher BMI, laboratory parameters, and CT severity scores on admission. Conclusion: People with pre-existing diabetes, neurological disorders (especially stroke), and recent injuries/fractures are at higher risk of respiratory failure in COVID-19 and should strictly adhere to COVID-19 prevention measures to minimize the risk of getting infected.

Background: Informal caregivers play a vital role in caring for patients with chronic illnesses, but this care can significantly affect their mental health and well-being, particularly after the loss of the patient. Due to the significance of the issue and limited research in the field, it is important to identify factors associated with the mental health of informal caregivers. Method and Material: This study aimed to investigate the experiences of loss and their management by informal caregivers of people with chronic diseases. Specifically, it evaluated the relationship between experiences of loss and (1) mental health and (2) socio-demographic characteristics of informal caregivers. A quantitative survey was conducted on a sample of 98 informal caregivers of patients with chronic diseases, using the Core Bereavement scales BEQ-24 and DASS-21. Results: The data analysis revealed that 25.5% of informal caregivers were prepared to experience loss, while only 12.2% sought psychological support to manage their experiences. Informal caregivers often experienced loss with sadness, loneliness, and nostalgia while recalling memories with the deceased patient. Fewer caregivers experienced guilt, self-blame, and anger or sought to fulfill their emotional and existential needs. The study also found that experiences of loss were associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in informal caregivers of people with chronic diseases. Conclusions: The study underscores the impact of caring for patients with chronic illnesses on mental health and wellbeing of informal caregivers, particularly after the loss of the patient. The results highlight the need for interventions to support informal caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mesoamerican sugarcane cutters are at a high risk of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional origin, a disease likely linked to heat-related acute kidney injury (AKI). Studies in general populations have described a positive association between high environmental temperatures and clinically assessed kidney outcomes, but there are no studies in occupational settings. Method: We accessed routine records of clinically diagnosed AKI (AKI-CD) and wet bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) at a large Nicaraguan sugarcane plantation and modeled the relationship between these using negative binomial regression. A rest-shade-hydration intervention was gradually enhanced during the study period, and efforts were made to increase the referral of workers with suspected AKI to healthcare. Results: Each 1°C WBGT was associated with an 18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: [4, 33%]) higher AKI-CD rate on the same day and a 14% (95% CI [−5, 37%]) higher rate over a week. AKI-CD rates and severity, and time between symptoms onset and diagnosis decreased during the study period, that is, with increasing rest-shade-hydration intervention. Symptoms and biochemical signs of systemic inflammation were common among AKI-CD cases. Discussion: Occupational heat stress, resulting from heavy work in environmental heat, was associated with a higher rate of clinically diagnosed AKI in a population at risk of CKDnt. Promoting rest-shade-hydration may have contributed to reducing AKI rates during the study period. Occupational health and safety personnel have key roles to play in enforcing rest, shade, and hydration practices, referring workers with suspected AKI to healthcare as well as collecting and analyzing the data needed to support workplace heat stress interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The significance of physical activity in preventing and treating chronic illnesses has long been established. However, there are limited studies focusing on the physical activity among old people with chronic illnesses in Jordan. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the association between physical-activity level, chronic illnesses, and multimorbidity among people 60 years old and above in Jordan. Methods: A crosssectional design was used in the northern region of Jordan. A survey was conducted among 200 old people aged 60 years and above. The survey included sociodemographic data and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, and logistic-regression analysis. Results: Approximately 41% of old people had a sufficient level of physical activity. Gender, level of schooling, smoking, heart conditions, diabetes, and multimorbidity were significantly associated with physical activity. In the logistic-regression analysis, gender (OR 0.221, 95% CI 0.096-0.507), heart condition (OR 0.093, 95% CI 0.011-0.760), and diabetes (OR 0.312, 95% CI 0.120-0.810) were found to be significantly associated with physical activity among old people. Conclusion: This study revealed a low physical activity among old people. It is important to develop policies that support regular physical activity for old people with chronic illnesses. Implications for Nursing: Community-based healthpromotion programs should be developed to encourage regular physical activity among older people with chronic illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare professionals should support autonomy in their patients in order for them to maintain the motivation to cope actively with their conditions. The Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCCQ) is useful for assessing patients' perceptions of the autonomy support provided to them. We aimed to validate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the HCCQ (HCCQ-K) among Korean cancer survivors. This study evaluated the factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency. Data from 367 cancer survivors were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson's correlations, and Cronbach's α values. The CFA validated that the single-factor structure of the HCCQ-K had an excellent fit that was consistent with that of the original English version. Concurrent validity was confirmed by moderate correlations between the HCCQ-K and both psychological well-being and self-management. Reliability was verified by satisfactory internal consistency, with a Cronbach's α value of 0.91 and strong item-total and inter-item correlations. The HCCQ-K is therefore a valid and reliable tool for assessing autonomy support provided by healthcare professionals to Korean cancer survivors. The HCCQ-K may help healthcare professionals understand their patients' needs for autonomy support and develop strategies to motivate active coping behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 infections have been sharply rising in Ethiopia, and the virus significantly increases morbidity and fatality rates in patients with coexisting chronic conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate Risk perception of patients with chronic illnesses toward the SARS-CoV-2 in northeastern Ethiopia in 2020. Methods: From July 21 to August 5, 2020, a cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital setting with individuals who had chronic illnesses. The study populations included all patients with chronic conditions. The study employed multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the factors that influence patients' evaluation of the Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 as low-risk. Results: Four hundred thirteen chronic illness patients participated in this study. Overall, individuals' perceptions of their risk of contracting the Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 were low in 37.3 % (95 % CI: 32.4–41.9). The results of multivariable analysis showed that low perception of risk towards the outcome was strongly correlated with young adults (AOR = 2.21; 95 % CI: 1.26–3.87), female sex (AOR = 2.16; 95 % CI: 1.37–3.42), and face mask nonusers (AOR = 2.17; 95 % CI: 1.35–3.49). Conclusion: According to this survey, a significant number of patients thought the pandemic posed little risk. The sense of low-risk towards the disease was independently predicted by being female, being a young adult, and not wearing face masks. Patients with chronic illnesses must get focused and enhanced health education in order to lower their elevated risk of morbidity and death.

Lutein, a plant-derived xanthophyl-carotenoid, is an exceptional antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituent found in food. High dietary intake of lutein is beneficial against eye disease, improves cardiometabolic health, protects from neurodegenerative diseases, and is beneficial for liver, kidney, and respiratory health. Lutein protects against oxidative and nitrosative stress, both of which play a major role in post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Lutein is an important natural agent for therapeutic use against oxidative and nitrosative stress in chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. It can also potentially inhibit spike protein-induced inflammation. Rich dietary supplementation of lutein, naturally derived in non-biodegradable Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), can most optimally be used against oxidative and nitrosative stress during post-COVID and mRNA vaccination injury syndromes. Due to its high oleic acid (OA) content, EVOO supports optimal absorption of dietary lutein. The main molecular pathways by which the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces pathology, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated B cells (NF-κB) and activated protein (AP)-1, can be suppressed by lutein. Synergy with other natural compounds for spike protein detoxification is likely.

This study aimed to determine the extent to which caregivers of patients with chronic illnesses experience death anxiety, and which variables from caregivers and patients might potentially be related to their death anxiety. It also aimed to compare the levels of death anxiety between patients and caregivers. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Psychology Database, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched for original studies available until December 2022 that quantitatively addressed death anxiety in family and informal caregivers of individuals with chronic illnesses. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed, and a meta-analysis was conducted using Hedges' g as the effect size index and the DerSimonian–Laird method to analyze differences between patients and caregivers in death anxiety. The results of the 11 included studies showed moderate levels of death anxiety in caregivers, and the meta-analysis (k = 7; 614 patients and 586 caregivers) revealed non-significant differences between the death anxiety experienced by patients and caregivers (pooled Hedges' g = −0.03, 95% CI = −0.29 to 0.25, p = 0.802). Some sociodemographic and psychological factors (e.g., gender, depression, and anxiety) might be related to the death anxiety experienced, but additional research is necessary to validate these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is of paramount importance for advancing healthcare and improving the quality of life for children with chronic diseases in Albania. Chronic illnesses in children present significant challenges that extend beyond the physical aspects of the disease. These conditions often require continuous medical management and can have substantial emotional and psychological impacts. In Albania, it is estimated that approximately 15-20% of children are affected by chronic illnesses. Among these children, about 30-40% experience high levels of stress, which can significantly impact their overall health and well-being. Understanding the relationship between stress and chronic illnesses is crucial for developing effective healthcare strategies. Stress can exacerbate the symptoms of chronic diseases and contribute to a deterioration in the child's condition. This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between stress and health interventions, analyzing how stress impacts the health and well-being of children with chronic illnesses. It investigates whether increased stress levels are associated with worsening of the child's condition and evaluates the effectiveness of various health interventions in mitigating this stress. The methodology of the study includes using surveys to measure stress levels among children and medical monitoring to identify changes in their health status in relation to stress. The hypotheses guiding this research suggest that elevated stress levels may significantly increase symptoms and the risk of worsening chronic conditions. By examining these relationships, the study seeks to confirm the importance of stress management in the healthcare and treatment of children with chronic illnesses. The findings reveal a noticeable link between stress levels and the worsening of chronic illnesses, underscoring the critical need for effective stress management strategies. The results suggest that psychosocial interventions and family support are essential components in reducing stress and improving the quality of life for these children. Practical implications of the study include the development and implementation of targeted interventions designed to address the specific stressors faced by children with chronic conditions, potentially enhancing their overall care and support. However, the study does have limitations. Measuring stress and accounting for other variables that may affect health can be challenging, and these factors may impact the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the findings. Despite these limitations, the study's insights have significant social implications. A deeper understanding of how stress affects health can contribute to the development of more effective policies and practices, fostering better healthcare environments for children with chronic illnesses. Overall, this study provides valuable new perspectives on the impact of stress on children with chronic conditions and highlights the necessity of effective interventions. By addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of chronic illness management, the study aims to improve the overall quality of life for affected children, reduce healthcare costs, and support their emotional and social well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of the 21st century has borne witness to the manifestation of concealed pandemics, characterized by chronic illnesses of significant societal consequence, which, while lacking the immediate visibility reminiscent of infectious diseases, pose considerable threats to public health. Among these concealed pandemics are mental health disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular ailments, oncologic conditions, and lung diseases. Despite their non-contagious nature, these afflictions exert profound and often interlinked impacts on individuals and societies. This review explicitly addresses mental health disorders, and explores their intricate interplay with epigenetics, a domain that has ascended to prominence in contemporary research within this field. The central role of epigenetics in the development, progression, and treatment of mental health disorders is thoroughly examined. The emergent insights posit that epigenetic modifications function as a pivotal bridge, illuminating the intricate nature of mental health conditions. Additionally, this research highlights the central role of the body in mental health, underscoring the relevance of body psychotherapy and bottom-up modalities. The review provides a crucial research foundation for understanding the significance of incorporating bottom-up/epigenetic approaches in treating and managing mental health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The involuntary flow of urine from the bladder is known as Urinary Incontinence (UI). Men and women of any age can experience incontinence, but it is more prevalent in older women. Several chronic illnesses and environmental variables increases incidence of UI in elderly adults. Most people in this modern era avoid seeking medical intervention early, due to financial worries as the current diagnostic and intervention methods are expensive. Aim: To use low-cost urinary diaper method for assessing the severity of UI and to study the effect of Kegel and therapeutic exercises in reducing the severity of UI in elderly women. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was conducted in an Inshape Physiotherapy Centre in Chennai, India. The duration of the study was five months, from August 2021 to December 2021. A total of 36 women with UI aged 55-75 years were included. The severity of UI among the participants was assessed using onehour Diaper Test (DPT), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and their level of fitness was evaluated using Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Kegel exercise, pelvic floor exercises were implemented following American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, and data collected was subjected to descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 69.43±3.4 years. As a result of the intervention, 13 out of 36 participants, who initially had severe UI showed improvement (10 participants improved to moderate UI and three participants improved to mild UI). Out of seven participants, who initially had moderate UI, three participants improved to mild UI. Eight out of the 36 participants showed no UI after intervention, indicating complete recovery. There is an association between the Body Mass Index (BMI), HAM-A and UI, the intervention results in the changes of BMI, and HAM-A thus, reducing the severity of UI. Conclusion: The present study showed that, cost-effective diagnostic and non invasive intervention methods reduced the severity of the UI. The study also recommends regular physical activities to reduce stress and anxiety levels, which in turn helps to improve UI.

Abstract Aim This systematic review examined recent studies on fragmented care of patients with chronic illnesses in the United States to examine the association between fragmented care and patient outcomes. Design Systematic review. Methods Studies published from January 1, 2012, to June 1, 2022, were selected from four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science), following the Cochrane protocols and PRISMA statements. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten studies that examined associations published between 2015 and 2021 were selected. A methodological assessment was conducted with the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross‐Sectional Studies. The studies selected for this systematic review were rated as having fair methodological rigor. The protocol of this review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021285379). Because of the heterogeneity of the selected studies' data, a systematic narrative synthesis of the extracted data was conducted. Results Three common measures for fragmented care and outcomes were synthesized. A synthesis of the studies found significant association between fragmented care and adverse outcomes of chronic illnesses (emergency department visits, utilization of diagnostic tests, and healthcare costs). Despite the heterogeneity of significant findings between fragmented care and patient outcomes, the relationship between these outcomes and fragmented care was significant. This systematic review provides clear evidence of the association between care fragmentation and its adverse effects on individuals with chronic illnesses. However, mixed relationship findings were also reported. Conclusion Given the demands of overcoming fragmented care in healthcare settings in the United States, nurse managers, healthcare leaders, and policymakers should utilize this evidence to reduce fragmented care strategies. It is recommended that nurse researchers and other healthcare practitioners conduct further studies to understand the contexts and mechanisms of fragmented care and develop theoretical frameworks for care fragmentation and chronic illness outcomes.

Background The aim of this study is to document the personal factors related to adherence to the routine non-pharmacologic interventions among patients with chronic illnesses attending Luweero HC IV.Non- pharmacological interventions refer to science-based and non-invasive interventions on human health that aim to prevent, treat, or cure health problems; Chronic illnesses refer to diseases that cannot be prevented through vaccination or cured by medication neither can they just disappear but take lasts for three or more months or even for life.There are specific interventions for each of the chronic disease are recommended. Personal factors like marital status are key in this study.Therefore, the study seeksto assess the personal factors related to adherence to the routine non-pharmacologic interventions among patients with chronic illnesses attending Luweero HC IV. Methodology The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design in which quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire from 326 patients with chronic illnesses visiting Luweero Health Centre IV. Results The study shows that adherence to routine non-pharmacologic interventions is highest amongst the married patients with chronic illnesses 65.6% and lowest amongst the unmarried patients 39.2%. This difference is statistically significant (OR=0.338; 95% CI: p= 0.001).Similarly adherence to routine non-pharmacological interventions was highest amongst educated patients 63.2% and lowest amongst the uneducated 34.0%. The variation in adherence statistically significant (OR=0.299; 95% CI: 0.591-0.151; p = 0.000). Conclusion Patients who visit the health Centre’s with different background and thoughts about the illness they have, perceived severity, benefits and threats remain high and barrier low. Recommendation Non-pharmacologic interventionists and government through its line ministry of health should put in place education sensitive information giving mechanisms as to permit patients at different educational levels to make use of non-pharmacologic interventions.

Insufficient income, inadequate healthcare resources, and insufficient chronic disease management awareness pose a fundamental obstacle to the sustained health maintenance of elderly individuals with chronic diseases in rural areas. In response to these challenges, this study adopted a research-through-design approach and introduced system design thinking by incorporating new stakeholders, experiential insights, and services. Initially, during the background research stage, a semi-structured interview was conducted to gain an understanding of the pains, needs, and potential opportunities of the target users. Subsequently, in the design model construction stage, desk research was carried out to refine and integrate the common components identified in various design models. In a focus group, these components were then incorporated into the development of a Sustainable Health Product-Service System Design Model tailored for rural elderly with chronic diseases after refining the pains, needs, and potential opportunities defined in the first stage. This design model encompassed elements including a background layer, a stakeholder layer, a funding layer, a product layer, a service layer, and an information layer. In the system design and design model validation stage, a design project aimed at health maintenance was launched within Liyang Town, with the design thinking method following a process of empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping, and testing. Throughout the project, the established model guided the design process and facilitated the conceptualization and implementation of a Product-Service system. In conclusion, an investigation encompassing 15 elderly individuals was undertaken to analyze their income balance, health condition, health awareness, and their satisfaction with the health system. This analysis spanned the period both before and after their involvement in the project. The outcomes of this examination revealed notable enhancements across all three dimensions evaluated, highlighting the positive impact of the project on the elderly participants. Furthermore, the project's social benefits were also comprehensively established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The involuntary flow of urine from the bladder is known as Urinary Incontinence (UI). Men and women of any age can experience incontinence, but it is more prevalent in older women. Several chronic illnesses and environmental variables increases incidence of UI in elderly adults. Most people in this modern era avoid seeking medical intervention early, due to financial worries as the current diagnostic and intervention methods are expensive. Aim: To use low-cost urinary diaper method for assessing the severity of UI and to study the effect of Kegel and therapeutic exercises in reducing the severity of UI in elderly women. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was conducted in an Inshape Physiotherapy Centre in Chennai, India. The duration of the study was five months, from August 2021 to December 2021. A total of 36 women with UI aged 55-75 years were included. The severity of UI among the participants was assessed using onehour Diaper Test (DPT), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and their level of fitness was evaluated using Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Kegel exercise, pelvic floor exercises were implemented following American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, and data collected was subjected to descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 69.43±3.4 years. As a result of the intervention, 13 out of 36 participants, who initially had severe UI showed improvement (10 participants improved to moderate UI and three participants improved to mild UI). Out of seven participants, who initially had moderate UI, three participants improved to mild UI. Eight out of the 36 participants showed no UI after intervention, indicating complete recovery. There is an association between the Body Mass Index (BMI), HAM-A and UI, the intervention results in the changes of BMI, and HAM-A thus, reducing the severity of UI. Conclusion: The present study showed that, cost-effective diagnostic and non invasive intervention methods reduced the severity of the UI. The study also recommends regular physical activities to reduce stress and anxiety levels, which in turn helps to improve UI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This systematic review examined recent studies on fragmented care of patients with chronic illnesses in the United States to examine the association between fragmented care and patient outcomes. Design: Systematic review. Methods: Studies published from January 1, 2012, to June 1, 2022, were selected from four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science), following the Cochrane protocols and PRISMA statements. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten studies that examined associations published between 2015 and 2021 were selected. A methodological assessment was conducted with the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross‐Sectional Studies. The studies selected for this systematic review were rated as having fair methodological rigor. The protocol of this review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021285379). Because of the heterogeneity of the selected studies' data, a systematic narrative synthesis of the extracted data was conducted. Results: Three common measures for fragmented care and outcomes were synthesized. A synthesis of the studies found significant association between fragmented care and adverse outcomes of chronic illnesses (emergency department visits, utilization of diagnostic tests, and healthcare costs). Despite the heterogeneity of significant findings between fragmented care and patient outcomes, the relationship between these outcomes and fragmented care was significant. This systematic review provides clear evidence of the association between care fragmentation and its adverse effects on individuals with chronic illnesses. However, mixed relationship findings were also reported. Conclusion: Given the demands of overcoming fragmented care in healthcare settings in the United States, nurse managers, healthcare leaders, and policymakers should utilize this evidence to reduce fragmented care strategies. It is recommended that nurse researchers and other healthcare practitioners conduct further studies to understand the contexts and mechanisms of fragmented care and develop theoretical frameworks for care fragmentation and chronic illness outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: Older adults with chronic diseases are usually required to manage multiple medications and complex medication regimens. Medication adherence is crucial in older adults which is increasingly being recognized due to its potential to impact healthcare utilization and treatment efficacy. The current study aimed to assess medication adherence and its influencing factors in community-dwelling older adults with chronic illnesses in rural areas. ‎ Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study design was used to achieve the study aim. The study sample was composed of 310 older patients from a rural area in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Medication adherence was assessed by the Arabic version of the General Medication Adherence Scale. Association between medication adherence and older patients' characteristics was identified through the Chi-square test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Logistic regression. Results: Among 310 older patients, 84.8% of them were non-adherent to their medications. Significant relationships were found between medication adherence and age, gender, educational level, marital status, and monthly income. Aging less than 70 years, female gender, sufficient income, fewer illnesses, and medication number were significant predictors for medication adherence. Conclusion: The current study findings revealed that most rural older adults with chronic illnesses were non-adherent to their medications, with many influencing factors such as age, gender, educational level, monthly income, and illnesses and medication number. So, the study recommends the importance of developing strategies to improve medication adherence in community-dwelling older adults in rural areas.

OBJECTIVE Chronic illnesses such as cancer and heart diseases are among those illnesses which are quite prevalent and tax one's resources to fight with illnesses. Patients with these illnesses have to take the burden of disease both physically and psychologically. Association of medical illnesses (i.e., cancer & cardiac) with mental health problems have not been studied in Pakistan. So, the present study aims to find the predictive association of depression with self-esteem (SE) and perceived social support (PSS) among women with chronic illness (breast cancer and angina). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study design PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Present study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan from April-July, 2016. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 102 women diagnosed with breast cancer (51) and Angina (51) with the age ranges between 30-60 years (Mean age = 47.6, SD=10.68), were taken. They were recruited from different hospitals including Sindh Government Hospital, Dar-ul-Sukoon and Dow university Hospital Karachi, Pakistan using purposive sampling technique. Patients' Health Questionnaire-9, Rosenberg Self-Esteem, and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support was administered. RESULTS Findings show that self-esteem has contributed to lowering depression in women diagnosed with cardiac illness (Angina) as well as cancer (breast Cancer). Perceived social support has a significant effect on depression in women with cardiac illness (Angina) however it has a nonsignificant contribution in the reduction of depression in women with cancer (breast cancer). CONCLUSION Chronic illnesses not only bring physical strains but also affect one's psychological health. Longterm treatments and variations in severity demand psychological resources to cope up with these illnesses. Findings of present study can add in literature and further assist health care professionals in considering the psychological cost of these illnesses and to design and implement evidence based treatment intervention, before, during and after the treatment services for women with chronic illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impulsivity is an important mental health-related variable that has been associated with various human behaviors. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is the most frequently used measure to examine impulsivity. However, its psychometric and factor structure was not examined in Arabic speaking population. The goal of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale in Arabic speaking population. The current study used a cross-sectional design. Two independent samples were recruited: college students (N = 250) and persons with heart failure (N = 165). Exploratory factor analysis, then a series of confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess one- and three-factor models of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (30 items; i.e., BIS-11) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (15 items; i.e., BIS-15). Because our analysis did not support the factor structure of the previous versions of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, we used confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the model structure of the single-factor measure. To assess the measurement invariance, the newly developed measure was examined across different genders and populations. Due to poor psychometrics of BIS-11 and BIS-15, a short form (BIS-SF) was developed; and validity, reliability, and measurement invariance were supported. The current analysis showed that BIS-11 and BIS-15 have poor psychometrics. Thus, there was a need to improve the measure by reducing the number of items and re-evaluating the psychometrics of the new measure. The BIS-SF is a reliable, valid tool to assess impulsivity in our samples. Other studies need to support the current study findings in populations with other chronic illnesses. • Impulsivity is a psychological construct associated with maladaptive behaviors. • The BIS-11 is the most widely measure to assess impulsivity. • The results showed poor psychometric properties of the BIS-11 in Arab populations. • A shortened version with sufficient psychometric properties was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information and analysis on the effectiveness of behavioral and psychological interventions, such as graded exercise therapy (GET) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), for treating myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients. It discusses the improvements of patients while doing these interventions in work status and a strategy for occupational rehabilitation.

Asmamaw Emagn Kasahun,1 Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie,2 Gizework Alemnew Mekonnen,2 Faisel Dula Sema,2 Leila Kenzu Kemal,2 Rahel Belete Abebe2 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Rahel Belete Abebe, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia, Tel +251 924538037, Email rahelbelete32@gmail.comBackground: Subjective beliefs about chronic disease conditions and their drug management are among factors determining adherence to medications that are amenable to interventions. Patient-level factors such as personal, cultural, and religious beliefs about diseases, and medication use may have a significant impact on medication adherence. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of personal, cultural and religious beliefs on medication adherence behavior among patients with chronic follow-up.Patients and Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among chronic ambulatory patients from July to August 2021. The data was collected through an interviewer administered questionnaire. Initially stratified sampling technique was used to include proportional participants from different disease conditions, and systematic random sampling was employed to enroll eligible patients from each subgroup. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were computed for categorical variables and mean with (standard deviation ±SD) used for continuous variables. Logistic regression model was employed to determine variable with poor adherence. A 95% confidence interval with P-value ≤ 0.05 was used to declare statically significance.Results: Among the 404 participants, more than half (51%) were males. The mean (±SD) age of the patients was 47.8 ± 14.8 years. Patients with strong belief in the harm of medications were found 4 times more likely to have poor medication adherence than those with weak belief in the harm of medications (AOR = 4.027, 95% CI:1.232– 13.161, P = 0.021). In contrast, having strong personal belief regarding the necessity of medications were found to be less likely to have poor medication adherence (AOR = 0.368, 95% CI: 0.220– 0.615, P < 0.001).Conclusion: This study generalized that most of the patients were poor adherent to their medications. Personal beliefs were found to influence medication adherence of the patients. Future studies could be needed to explore and identify how these factors affect patients’ medication adherence.Keywords: chronic illnesses, cultural beliefs, personal beliefs, medication adherence, religious beliefs

Fear of infection has been sparked by the advent of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Insomnia in college students, especially its correlations and predictions with mental diseases, remains a research concern. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of fear related to COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and insomnia among female nursing college students throughout the pandemic and to determine the predictors of insomnia. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional descriptive study used 145 female nursing college students. Results: Students reported fear related to COVID-19, depression, and anxiety at rates of 79.3%, 30.2%, and 35.2%, respectively. Insomnia disturbed 24.7% of students. Anxiety predicted worsening insomnia in the student (AOR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97, p < 0.001). Fear related to COVID-19 was also a predictor (AOR = 0.96, 95% CI: 1.07–1.21, p < 0.05). Additionally, when depression severity declined, the chance of insomnia improved (AOR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.85–0.91, p < 0.001). Insomnia was more common in chronically unwell students (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.01–2.24, p < 0.05). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students' mental health should be monitored, and all essential safeguards should be taken, including resource allocation, awareness raising efforts, and the building of a mental health counseling facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many older adults in Nigeria live with chronic illnesses and regularly need drugs to manage them, however, procuring genuine drugs is a challenge given the proliferation of counterfeit drugs in Nigeria. Older adults in rural Nigeria who are largely poor with lower educational status may be disproportionately affected by this high proliferation of counterfeit drugs in Nigeria. With qualitative interviews from purposefully sampled 24 rural older adults in Southeast Nigeria, we explored the problem of widespread counterfeit drugs and how rural older adults with chronic illnesses navigate this problem in Nigeria. The collected data were inductively coded with NVivo 12 and analysed thematically. Findings revealed that most of the sampled participants reported having had experiences procuring counterfeit drugs from chemists (drug stores) and doggermans (street vendors) with women more predisposed to the risk of using counterfeit drugs. This has greatly impacted their health, economic status, and has led them to the use of alternative medicines. The study thus recommended stricter regulations for drug distribution and provision of health insurance to give rural older adults access to drugs at hospital pharmacies where genuine drugs are guaranteed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glutathione is one of the foremost human body antioxidant that enables him to cope with the oxidative stress and its by‐products. This compound is depleted by age, illness, viral infections, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome infections (SARS). Restoring its levels is therefore crucial to good health. Since its oral bioavailability is very poor, it is important to develop stable derivatives or fragments with improved antioxidant properties. The relationship between chronic inflammation, chronic diseases and oxidative stress is widely documented. Compounds that have high antioxidant activities arouse much interest as they could contribute to cope with detrimental health conditions because of oxidative stress, thus chronic inflammation. We synthesized some interesting glutathione‐inspired fragments from available starting materials and assessed their antioxidant power. Our compounds were analysed and identified by usual physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Their antioxidant activity was assessed using Diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assays. Our results showed interesting antioxidant activities IC50 values ranging from 1.35 mg/mL to 3.40 mg/mL, some among them with values (2.32 mg/mL) better than cysteine (IC50=3.025 mg/mL) (IC50=3.03), which is the best precursor of glutathione. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

This present research, mothers of children with chronic illnesses were compared with mothers of children with no chronic illnesses with the aim of determining which factors affect their sleep quality. The descriptive-type data obtained from this research were collected from 270 mothers of children with chronic illnesses and 197 mothers of healthy children between November 10 and December 10, 2021. All participants were asked to complete a survey. The data were assessed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25 and the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t -test, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), and Logistic Regression Analysis. The total mean The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score for mothers of chronically ill children was found to be 9.79 ± 3.68 while it was 6.68 ± 3.62 for mothers of heathy children with a statically significant difference (t = 9.075, p = 0.00). The fact that mothers wake up for the care/treatment of their children due to the onset of an illness was found to be associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 0.388 p = 0.017; OR = 0.178, p = 0.000). In the present study, it was determined that mothers of children with chronic illnesses suffer from sleep problems and that the sleep quality of those mothers varies depending on the illness types of their children. Pediatric nurses are requested to assess the sleep quality of mothers with suitable measurement tools to determine what types of problems affect sleep quality negatively when dealing with children with chronic illnesses in both clinical and non-clinical practices. • As the types of children's chronic illnesses vary, the sleep quality of their mothers varies as well. • Nearly two-thirds of the mothers in both illness groups of the present study had poor sleep quality. • Diagnosis duration and wakeup for the care/treatment of children at night were the main predictors for poor sleep quality. • Mothers often have problems of sleep disturbances, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]