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Aim: To assess the frequency of bone changes in resected osteonecrotic femoral head (ONFH) specimens at multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and compare their frequencies between ONFH with limited or advanced collapse. Method: Fourteen ONFH were imaged using MDCT (n = 14) and microcomputed tomography ([µCT]; n = 8). Preoperative staging was performed using radiographs and MRI. Coronal reformats of MDCT images of the specimens were analyzed using the grid overlay method. There were 2,933 grid boxes containing cortical bone and 10,596 containing trabecular bone. Two MSK radiologists assessed in every grid box the presence of interface-related sclerosis, cortical bone interruption, trabecular bone interruption, and trabecular bone resorption. The frequency of grid boxes with bone changes at MDCT was calculated and compared between ONFH with limited (

Aim: To assess the frequency of bone changes in resected osteonecrotic femoral head (ONFH) specimens at multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and compare their frequencies between ONFH with limited or advanced collapse., Method: Fourteen ONFH were imaged using MDCT (n = 14) and microcomputed tomography ([µCT]; n = 8). Preoperative staging was performed using radiographs and MRI. Coronal reformats of MDCT images of the specimens were analyzed using the grid overlay method. There were 2,933 grid boxes containing cortical bone and 10,596 containing trabecular bone. Two MSK radiologists assessed in every grid box the presence of interface-related sclerosis, cortical bone interruption, trabecular bone interruption, and trabecular bone resorption. The frequency of grid boxes with bone changes at MDCT was calculated and compared between ONFH with limited (<1.5 mm) or advanced (≥1.5 mm) collapse., Results: For both readers R1 and R2, there were 1111/10596 (10.5%) and 1362/10596 (12.9%) grid boxes with interface-related bone sclerosis, 557/2933 (19%) and 413/2933 (14.1%) with cortical bone interruption, 796/10596 (7.5%) and 665/10596 (6.3%) with trabecular bone interruption, and 331/10596 (3.1%) and 595/10596 (5.6%) with trabecular bone resorption. The frequency of grid boxes with cortical interruption and trabecular bone resorption was significantly higher in ONFH with advanced than in ONFH with limited collapse. There was no significant difference in frequency of grid boxes with trabecular interruption and interface-related bone sclerosis between ONFH with advanced or limited collapse., Conclusion: Cortical interruption and trabecular resorption, but not trabecular interruption, were more frequent in osteonecrotic femoral heads with advanced than with limited collapse., Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s).)

Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been proposed in surgical planning of lower third molar extraction. The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability of CBCT in defining third molar root morphology and its spatial relationships with the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN)., Materials and Methods: Intraoperative and radiographic variables of 74 lower third molars were retrospectively analyzed. Intraoperative variables included IAN exposure, number of roots, root morphology of extracted third molars, and presence/absence of IAN impression on the root surface. Radiographic variables included presence/absence of the cortex separating IAN from the third molar roots on CBCT examination, number of roots and root morphology on both orthopantomography (OPG) and CBCT. The statistical association between variables was evaluated using the Fisher's exact test., Results: In all cases of intraoperative IAN exposure, the cortex appeared discontinuous on CBCT images. All cases, in which the cortical bone was continuous on CBCT images, showed no association with nerve exposure. In all cases in which nerve impression was identified on the root surface, the IAN cortex showed interruptions on CBCT images. No nerve impression was identified in any of the cases, in which the cortex appeared continuous on CBCT images. CBCT also highlighted accessory roots and apical anomalies/curvatures, not visible on the OPG., Conclusions: CBCT seems to provide reliable and accurate information about the third molar root morphology and its relationship with the IAN., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.