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I respond to challenges posed by Andrew Dole, Joanna Leidenhag, Kevin Schilbrack, and Sameer Yadav. Key topics include: whether the engagement between analytic theology and the academic study of religion really is mutually beneficial, distinguishing analytic theology from science-engaged theology, restrictive methodological naturalism, and whether I misconstrue analytic theology's 'characteristic damage'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dirasat: Human & Social Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dirasat: Shar'ia & Law Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay takes a step back to look at the local prehistory of Inter-Asia Cultural Studies: Movements. It takes cues from a moment in Chen Kuan-Hsing’s Qu Di-guo (De-imperialization), where the double inscription of the word zhuan-yi, which not only signifies the epistemological “shifting” frame of reference towards Asia—the inter-referencing— but also carries the extra meaning of “transference” in the psychoanalytical sense. The essay attempts to tread the affective dimension of every step of shift/transference on the path of “Asia as method” from Takeuchi Yoshimi to Mizoguchi Yuzo to Chen Kuan-Hsing to Tejaswini Niranjana’s “inter-Asia methodology.” It then looks at an instance of “negative transference” in the history of inter-Asian encounters, or mis-encounters: the Marxist critic Qu Qiu-bai’s encounter with Rabindranath Tagore in 1924 and how the transference is worked through by reconstructing and unfolding the subjective history of “a man of the past.” By doing so, it affirms the negative moments in inter-Asian encounters, for the shift/transference cannot but be working towards/through a certain surplus that comes with our “geo-colonial historical” (Chen) subject position as the “Thing-in-between” (Liu). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present-day developments in artificial intelligence herald an explosion of the artificial, an expansion of the fabricated across many domains of human activity. The worship of artifice has long been a central thread in studies of modernity from aestheticism and decadence through postmodernism. Oscar Wilde has been a central figure in this conversation. At the turn of the century, Wilde recombined strands inherited from French and American sources and refashioned them into a new artistic stance that anticipated the postmodern preoccupation with fakery. A direct line can be traced between Baudrillard’s ‘simulacra’ and Jameson’s ‘linguistic masks’ and Wilde’s celebration of ‘the truth of masks’ a century earlier. Yet for all that has been said about Wilde and artifice, the task of connecting English literature’s silver-tongued champion of artificiality to emerging debates about how artificial intelligence might reshape art and culture has not yet been undertaken. Often literary critics have emphasised the distance between the automated production of text and human acts of poetic making. Here, by considering a human precedent – Wilde – for AI’s creative capabilities, we demonstrate how the emergence of new creative models puts pressure on old aesthetic categories and modes of appreciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article charts a turning point in recent Australian broadcast television history, where enduring institutions of media criticism in popular formats rapidly disappeared from screens. We firstly situate media criticism and the roles of the 'television critic' within theoretical paradigms of Bourdieusian taste-making and publics of interest, before undertaking a close analysis of three case studies circa 2015. Examining Good Game, The Book Club and Movie Juice demonstrates variations in critical and presentational aims and tones, influenced by such factors as media types and associated cultures (games, literature and film, respectively), network/broadcaster interests, scope of media operations and engagement with online publics. Our assessments of these formats are then placed in their historical context of media production and consumption, whereby we retrospectively find that the retirement of the popular film criticism show At the Movies marked the beginning of the Australian television critic's extinction event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe Rimas castellanas, miscellaneous volume published in 1618 and never republished, has received little attention. Critics especially value the 190 epigrams, almost all of which are satirical and burlesque. Salas Barbadillo uses a single metrical model to create the two characteristic parts of the genre. The constant nominal change in the addressees invites a variety that is also encouraged by the numerous themes, some very topical. But the old and new subjects project an obliquely moral content, where costumbrism and social criticism find their place, with a display of a well-defined sharpness in a mold presided over by wit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agent‐based models have diversified their applications across various domains due to the ease with which different phenomena can be represented and simulated. These models incorporate heterogeneous, autonomous agents, local interactions, bounded rationality, and often feature explicit spatial representations. However, certain challenges have been identified in their application, including the complexity of design, difficulty in calibrating parameters, and interpreting and analysing results. Therefore, incorporating machine learning (ML) tools in the various stages of the agent‐based modelling and simulation process presents a promising approach for current and future research. The main hypothesis of this study is that integrating ML techniques and tools into agent‐based modelling can help address challenges encountered during different stages of implementation, ultimately leading to more accurate and effective simulations. The methodology employed in this study involves a comprehensive search and analysis of relevant literature on the topic. This survey reviews significant developments in the integration of ML into the agent‐based modelling and simulation process in recent years. The results of this study summarize the fundamental concepts of ML and its applications in agent‐based modelling, and provide insights into the prospects and challenges for ML‐assisted agent‐based modelling in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1930s, which coincided with the declaration of the Republic, a rich literary environment was formed with the increase of publishing activities; many art, literature, culture, and idea magazines started to be published. New art movements emerged in these periodicals, discussions of old versus new literature were held, and works of almost every literary genre were published. Various writers, poets and critics with different artistic approaches came together in periodicals such as Varlık, Servet-i Fünûn/ Uyanış, Yücel, Ağaç, Kültür Haftası, İnsan, Oluş, Çığır and Marmara, and each magazine continued to exist in accordance with certain publishing principles and shared values. Although the tradition of criticism was not yet fully formed in our literature in those years, many issues related to literature were discussed in the criticism, review and blurb articles published in the periodicals and a strong ground for discussion was created around them. These writings have occasionally caused polemics between writers defending opposing views, and while some polemics could not find supporters, others occupied the literary agenda for a certain period of time. The person whose name was mentioned most in polemical writings in the 1930s and who had the power to influence a wide audience with his ideas was the literary critic Nurullah Ataç. After briefly introducing the concept of polemic in this study, Ataç's polemics with names such as Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın, Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Yaşar Nabi Nayır, Sabahattin Eyüboğlu, Hüsamettin Bozok and Cahit Tanyol will be evaluated and the contributions of the polemic genre, which is not sufficiently emphasized in the studies of literature, to the development of literature will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this article is to highlight the enormous analytical potential of a method insufficiently explored and/or exploited by the social sciences: the critical clinical method, developed by Jean Piaget in his psychogenetic investigations of the cognitive process. To this end, we present a brief historical review of the genetic factors present in the construction of the method, giving an account of the research problems to which, it sought to respond. Next, we develop the specific characteristics of the critical clinical interview, as well as the analytical virtues it offers in relation to other methods such as surveys, observation and tests. Finally, we will discuss the relevance of its use in our current research, presenting a series of empirical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kipling praised Allah for giving him two sides to his head, and the two-sided quality to his works has been noted and explained in many different fashions. Neurocognitive theory gives us a literal basis for two-sidedness, namely the left and right brain hemispheres and their differing functions. Looked at in terms of hemispheric concerns, we can see how different some of his works are. "Baa Baa, Black Sheep" is very right hemispheric in its distress. The Mowgli stories explore the left side functions, with his learning rules and patterns. Stalky & Co. introduces the concept of game and its way of joining left-side rules with the right-side joys of winning. Kim is a particularly rewarding ground for such an analysis. It manipulates readers to feel unusually positive right-hemispheric responses not often felt. The disagreement over how to interpret the end is also comprehensible in terms of critics' own hemispheric emphases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revisits the main thoughts of the Filipino historian and social critic Renato Constantino on the role of education in the formation of a neocolonial and postcolonial consciousness. It suggests that Constantino's critical stance towards education embodies a type of philosophizing about education that centers on the problematization of the language of instruction, on the rendering of voice to those in the margins of Philippine society, and on taking a critical stance about education itself. It suggests further that this form of philosophizing about education and its instrumentalities is prospective of a Freirean liberating pedagogy that is inherently nonneutral, critical, dialogical, praxical, and transformative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While political and trade ties are developing fast between India and France, this does not mean that cultural links are forgotten. For instance the Bengali writer Rabindranath Tagore was appreciated when he visited France, not only by the journalists who covered all his visits and wrote enthusiastically about them but also by his fellow writers and literary critics. The paper intends to describe how Tagore was welcomed to France, the friendships he developed, and the literary and philosophical exchanges he had during such visits and after them. Actually a kind of cultural imports and exports happened for the benefit of all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interface is a crucial element in component-based software, enabling the linkage of distinct components to facilitate interaction. Defects within the interface can significantly impact the overall trustworthiness of the system. Therefore, it is essential to assess the interface trustworthiness based on a defect-centric approach. This paper introduces a novel model for evaluating interface trustworthiness, anchored in defect analysis. First, the defect types are formalized based on interface specifications. Then, the comprehensive weight allocation method is established to characterize the importance degree of each interface defect type by combining the G1 and CRITIC methods. Subsequently, the attributes of the interface are evaluated by defect value analysis, and the trustworthiness measurement model of the interface is proposed based on these attributes. Furthermore, to evaluate the trustworthiness of the whole system, the trustworthiness measure models under different combination structure of components are established. Finally, the model's' applicability is demonstrated through an illustrative example. This trustworthiness evaluation from the interface view can guide interface designers to obtain high-quality interfaces and improve the trustworthiness of the entire software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Derecho Penal y Criminologia is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Departamento de Derecho Penal y Criminologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Signa is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Writing a book can feel like a solitary endeavor. You labor for (in my case) years, sometimes talking about parts of the project with others, but mostly toiling alone to work out the consequences of commitments you made months and years prior. I'm grateful for the opportunity to engage with three brilliant interlocutors about these ideas, which for so long seemed to matter to no one besides myself (and maybe my publisher). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, the dominant model of decision‐making capacity (DMC) is the “four abilities model,” which judges DMC according to four criteria: understanding, appreciation, reasoning, and communicating a choice. Some critics argue that this model is “too cognitive” because it ignores the role of emotions and values in decision‐making. But so far there is no consensus about how to incorporate such factors into a model of DMC while still ensuring that patients with unusual or socially disapproved values still have their autonomous decisions respected. In this paper, we aim to give an account of the role of values in decision‐making which can answer some of the lingering questions about capacity. In the current literature, defenders of the inclusion of values in DMC tend to propose solutions which focus on the distorted or incoherent attributes of the values themselves. We argue that shifting the focus onto valuing as an ability is a better solution and that a complete picture of capacity includes understanding, appreciation, reasoning, communicating a choice, and the ability to value. On the basis of a conceptual analysis of the necessary conditions for autonomous decision‐making, we derive a conception of the ability to value. On our account, the ability to value has four components: the possession of values, the ability to access those values, the ability to engage in practical reasoning with one's values, and the ability to act on the result of that reasoning. We describe the positive components of the ability to value, some indicators of impairment, and some implications of our account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops and defends a revisionary fictionalist version of the ‘social connection model’ of responsibility. The social connection model has become a prominent account of responsibility in recent years but, as many critics have noted, has difficulty in providing an account of the connection required to generate responsibility which is sufficiently determinate and generates acceptable outcomes. In light of this problem, I first consider whether a fictionalist interpretation of Iris Marion Young’s articulation of the social connection model is tenable. I show that no such re-interpretation is possible, as it runs against Young’s explicit aims. I then develop a more thoroughly revisionary fictionalist version of the social connection model. I argue that this form of responsibility fictionalism is able to account for the central aims of the social connection model without succumbing to the issues standard versions of the model face in grounding the attributions of responsibility it generates. Furthermore, I argue that attributions of responsibility can retain motivational force on this view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) has been developed for stabilizing electric vehicle (EV) systems without the need for model identification. The proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm, along with actor and critic neural networks, has been used to fine-tune the adjustable parameters of the ADRC controller to achieve optimal performance in a specific case study. The architecture of PPO implements separate neural networks and ameliorates the PPO adaptability to handle continuous action spaces. By maximizing a reward function based on system output, the PPO agent optimally tunes the gains to reduce undesired speed fluctuations of EVs and improve system stability. Performance evaluation under the new European driving cycle and federal test procedure has been conducted to examine the feasibility of the suggested controller. The disturbance rejection capability of the ADRC controller designed by the PPO algorithm has been tested and compared with prevalent control methodologies. Moreover, real-time examinations of the dynamic behavior of EV systems have been made to identify the capability of the suggested controller in real-world hardware. The results show that the suggested controller outperforms other designed controllers in terms of transient behavior and numerical performance metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a collection of replies to critics of Divine Contradiction, each critic a symposiast in the Religious Studies symposium on said book. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human beings are embedded in diverse social, cultural and political groups through which we make sense of our technologically mediated lived experience. This article seeks to reaffirm the postphenomenological subject as a primarily social subject. Critics maintain that the current postphenomenological framework does not adequately address the social, cultural and political context in which human-technology relations take place. In recent years, various additions to postphenomenology have been suggested in order to address this contextual deficit. In this article, I argue that a return to the phenomenological roots of postphenomenology reveals underexamined analytical tools that allow for greater socio-cultural and political sensitivity. I take Don Ihde's supposed macroperceptual and microperceptual divide as a point of departure in claiming that postphenomenology has too hastily turned away from the subject as primarily socially situated. I draw upon the phenomenological tradition, particularly the social phenomenology of Alfred Schutz, to develop a social postphenomenological approach. This approach is informed by the Schutzian notions of action, the stock of knowledge at hand and consociates. In the resulting account, the postphenomenological schema of I—Technology—World is reconstrued as We—Technology—World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Video Games are composites of interlocking structures that collectively create meaning for the player to investigate and act upon. The most apparent form of meaning for the player is the narrative story or context. However, the narrative in a video game is structured and contextualized itself by the inherent form of the video game. This range of meaning making tools in the medium is both daunting and exciting. To understand the application of narrative better, designers, critics and academics need to be able to distinguish and understand the high-level structural layers that affect and support it. This paper offers a focused review of the relevant literature, explanations of key terms and diagrams and an illustration demonstrating the relationships of these structural layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the role of Chinese armaments in recent Middle Eastern conflicts, showing that although their use has increased over the past decade, they remain less numerous or significant compared to those from the United States and Russia. Chinese‐made weapons have been used in conflicts in Gaza, Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Lebanon due to affordability, streamlined procurement processes, and improved quality. China's critics have alleged that it has played a negative role in these conflicts through proliferation, claims that Beijing has consistently denied. This research investigates the accuracy of these charges and assesses whether China's role should be considered prominent. The study examines weapons that have been used in five ongoing regional conflicts, including the Gaza war. It finds that, unlike Washington and Moscow, which have deliberately transferred military equipment to the region, China has avoided intentionally directing armaments to Middle Eastern conflict zones. Instead, Chinese arms have been redistributed by third parties. The analysis concludes that China's strategy of balancing its relationships across states in conflict has limited the amount of its weapons in the region and kept the impact of those armaments to a minimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explores the opinions of people who criticize the presence of wolves in Germany to understand what lies behind their concerns. It provides an intimate insight into the lives and fears of people and their relation to wolves and contributes to understanding the less considered critics of wolf management. By discussing the links between a fear of wolves, rural identity, and perceptions of nature, this paper proposes to explain how a human-wolf coexistence could still function for those who fail to be included in wolf management endeavors if wolf management added a social guideline on the basis of the presented problems. While a fear of wolves is generally ingrained in German society and wolves pose a real threat to farmed animals, for many people it is dysfunctional interhuman relations that pose a challenge in their coexistence with wolves, and less so the wolves themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to literary critic Darko Suvin, science fiction demonstrates a "supposedly factual" approach to imagining new worlds. In Latin America, however, the factual basis of lived experience from which such fictions are crafted has not always been taken as a given. This essay shows how contemporary Latin American science fiction makes use of the tensions derived from the encounter between the pliable nature of fact and the supposed rigor of cognitive logic through an analysis of two contemporary texts from the Hispanophone Caribbean: Puerto Rican writer Pedro Cabiya's (1971) novel Malas hierbas (2010) and Cuban director Arturo Infante's (1977) film El viaje extraordinario de Celeste García (2018). A fragmented zombie tale whose narrator may or may not be a zombie, Malas hierbas explores the science of zombification even as it draws upon both folklore and the corpus of zombie literature and film. El viaje extraordinario engages the genre conventions of romantic comedy and the Cuban emigration film, using the familiar landscape of these genres in the story of a group of Cubans who are invited to visit a distant planet. Cabiya's and Infante's texts keep the reader or spectator suspended in the liminal zone where truth is an open-ended series of multiple possibilities. As they reveal the constructed nature of facts and the narratives that support them, these texts illuminate the ways in which the possibilities around us are already the work of constructed fictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a 2016 bill, the Swedish government tasked state-governed research councils with incorporating sex and gender perspectives (SGP) into their assessment of research quality. The present article examines the response to the bill and subsequent measures in Swedish public debate from 2016–2021, as well as justifications for such measures in preceding policy documents. The analysis focuses on how different arguments in the debate articulate the relationship between research, politics, and quality and how these articulations can be analysed with the help of theoretical perspectives on the contemporary production of knowledge as well as previous scholarly work on gender mainstreaming. The article demonstrates that most critics describe politics, research, and quality as incompatible. The defenders argue for the implementation of SGP by invoking either a quality perspective and/or an equality perspective. While some actors argue that SGP is of significance only when it enhances quality, others point to the political value of the criteria, adhering to a post-academic emphasis on the societal value of science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Disney animation studios created and subsequently shaped the animation genre for the last two-thirds of the 20th century, but the appearance of Pixar in the industry and their unstoppable success changed the rules of the game. (1) Apart from a new and revolutionary technology, Pixar introduced a new type of storytelling in animation based on characters and stories that we believe ended up tremendously influencing Disney's storytelling starting in 2006, when the big animation studio purchased its most threatening competitor. Our study also tries to shed some light on whether the changes happened only at the level of storytelling or also crystallized into better box office and rating data. (2) We aim to clarify this belief and turn it into a reality through the content analysis of Disney animation features before and after the purchase of Pixar. (3) Our results show that Pixar's influence on Disney is remarkable, both in the movies' narrative and in their reception by the audience and the critics. (4) This confirms not only the change in the story-telling strategies of the company, enhancing psychological construction of the protagonists of Disney animation features, but also the subsequent impact on its audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Story is one of the basic genres of literature that is still important in the world and is constantly renewed and developed. Storytellers have always resorted to techniques and genres in writing their stories that attract the attention of readers and critics This research entitled (Principles of Fantasy in Ahmad Mohammed Ismail) is an attempt to introduce the concept of fantasy and then explain it in the field of literature. For this purpose, we have taken both stories (Flights, Unruly Dreams) by the storyteller (Ahmad Mohammed Ismail) as an example, The research consists of two parts The scope of the research in relevant dimensions such as historical, philosophical, literary, aesthetic aspects have been briefly highlighted, in the second part we have practiced all scientific views and observations on both stories, and identified the scientific reasons that make these texts fantasy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper approaches the topic of intergenerational thinking by asking it what it might mean to stretch the conventional periodization of the long eighteenth century across generations. Reading Phillis Wheatley's heroic couplet poems alongside Earl Wasserman's mid-twentieth-century work on neoclassical poetics, it explores some of the surprising possibilities unleashed by revisiting the work of earlier critics. This mid-twentieth-century scholarship, the essay suggests, establishes a mode of eighteenth-century poetics that lends itself to more recent understandings of abolition and structural change. Earlier generations of critics trace an eighteenth-century poetic theory that resonates in the present moment; many generations before that, Phillis Wheatley takes up an established mode of neoclassical poetry to imagine and continue to demand something more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I offer this essay not as a "reply to my critics," but as a contribution to a conversation about the rule of law to which they have richly contributed. After a brief outline of key features of Law's Rule, it considers whether it is committed to a "thin" or "thick" concept of the rule of law. It then explores the ideas of arbitrary power, accountability, and recourse; and it addresses the question whether the rule of law's concern is restricted to the exercise of governmental power. It concludes with consideration of a number of tensions that lie at the heart of the rule of law ideal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deep drainage tunnel project is an important measure to alleviate urban waterlogging. The construction of a deep drainage tunnel is a complicated process, involving many influencing factors, and there are correlations among these influencing factors, so the risk assessment is difficult. In this study, the ISM method, CRITIC method and cloud model are combined to build a risk assessment model for the small-diameter shield construction of a deep drainage tunnel. Firstly, the risk index system of small-diameter shield construction in a deep drainage tunnel is put forward. Secondly, the ISM method is used to divide the risk indicators and extract the key risk factors. Then, these key risk factors are weighted with the CRITIC method, and the cloud model is used to evaluate the construction risk of a small-diameter shield of a deep drainage tunnel. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by a practical case. It was found that the risk assessment method proposed in this study can not only effectively assess the level of security risk, but also identify the key risk factors and rank the importance of these factors. The results of this study can reduce the interference items and workload of risk assessment to a certain extent, and help provide managers with an accurate decision-making basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paul de Man's interpretation of Proust's metafigural argument is fundamentally correct. Both critics of this interpretation and some of de Man's defenders have misunderstood how metaphor functions in Proust's reminiscence of summer, which uses resemblance to evoke reconciliatory totalities. Proust's passage contains classical metaphors—not synecdoches that merely resemble metaphors. But de Man's attempts to justify his interpretation are unpersuasive. Indeed, they are so unpersuasive that they become allegorical: though he claims that there is an undoing of metaphor by metonymy in Proust's text, de Man's own text relies on metaphor. Detractors like John Guillory are wrong about Proustian metaphor, but they discern some of the genuinely aberrant features of de Man's discourse. Allegories of Reading allegorically subverts claims made for de Man's rigour, which is a dead metaphor susceptible to the kind of rhetorical reading he performs on Proust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

René Girard (1923-2015) was a historian, philosopher, social scientist, literary critic, religious scholar, cultural analyst, and a thinker in the fields of anthropology and theology. He was also a provocateur, an intuitive philosopher, and someone with a keen insight into the essence of things. He could be described with numerous other labels depending on how one views the French scholar’s body of work. Girard, one of the most distinctive theorists of the second half of the 20th century, enjoyed growing recognition worldwide due to his unique perspectives on the entirety of human civilization, including both its history and contemporary aspects. His name is associated with several controversial concepts that, when considered together, form a comprehensive theory about human evolution and nature, the development of religion and culture, and interpretations of biblical texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early 20th‐century critics rediscovered a literary concept called "doggerel" in Geoffrey Chaucer's Sir Thopas and in John Lydgate's mid‐clash poetic line, using the term to help them categorize and periodize the shift in English literature from medieval to modern. A close look at this undertheorized term and its early iterations in Chaucer's poetry and Lydgate's verse makes clear that doggerel has been a crucial if underthought player not only in English metrical development, but also in the history of literary critique, as a versified counterstrategy that maps the contours of the unpoetic, challenges budding poetic norms, and works simultaneously to introduce and to upend traditional critical notions like the poet's ear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epistemological disjunctivists hold that perceiving subjects have "reflective access" to factive perceptual support for belief. However, little has been done to elaborate the intended notion of reflection, or introspective awareness more generally. Moreover, critics have pointed out that the disjunctivist conception of "reflective access" can seem vulnerable to varieties of Williamson's anti-luminosity argument. In this paper I defend disjunctivism from this charge, arguing that it holds the resources for a potent defense of the claim that knowledge of perceptual states is luminous. Indeed, I argue that appreciating the relation between disjunctivism and luminosity sheds critical light on how the disjunctivist conceives of perceptual support for belief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ameliorative projects design and propagate new linguistic content for some expressions we use for political or social justice purposes. These projects are often driven by an anti‐essentialist agenda: they aim to debunk the idea that social categories such as “woman”, “man”, or “race” are constituted by natural essences. But critics argue that nouns tend to trigger essentialist thinking. And because ameliorative projects typically retain nouns, it is argued that these projects cannot achieve their anti‐essentialist goals. In response, I argue that the psychological effects of noun use tend to support, rather than hinder, the anti‐essentialist goals of ameliorators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to present the latest tendencies of Spanish literature, paying attention to the so-called Generation Nocilla, which is also referred to as Generation Afterpop or Mutant. The poetics of the writers who are gathered within this framework relates to the experiments with new modalities and forms of narration, supported by the aspects of the cyber culture, virtual reality and digitalization. Entwining the literature with the phenomenology of the screen, the transformative and mutating character of their works is underlined. Therefore, it is suggested that the works of this generation represent a current of freshness for the Spanish contemporary literature, and an opposition to the traditional realistic approaches to writing, and hence the poetic renovation in the Hispanic area. For the investigation of the poetics of the "Spanish Mutants", this paper will focus on the selected works of the most significant literary critics about this topic, as well as on the essays, papers and articles written by writers of the mutant generation such as Vicente Luis Mora, Agustín Fernández Mallo, Germán Sierra, Juan Francisco Ferré o Eloy Fernández Porta. We will tend to maintain a transmedial perspective due to the fact that their narrative poetics encompass different dimensions of the human existence in the realm of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]