49 results on '"cytotoxicity effect"'
Search Results
2. Concomitant production of multifunctional metabolites on biodiesel-derived crude glycerol by the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula babjevae Y-SL7.
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Guerfali, Mohamed, Ayadi, Ines, Ayadi, Wajdi, Smaoui, Slim, Elhadef, Khaoula, Zaghden, Hatem, Jlaiel, Lobna, Sahli, Emna, Belghith, Hafedh, and Gargouri, Ali
- Abstract
Yeasts have received significant attention in recent years as major sources of value-added metabolites endowed with various natural biological activities. Among the yeasts studied until now, the so-called red yeasts have a great potential in microbial lipids and carotenoids production serving as precursor for biofuels, oleo-chemicals, and food additives. In this work, biodiesel-derived crude glycerol was used as feedstock for concomitant valuable metabolites production by the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula babjevae Y-SL7. Under specific conditions, this strain has been shown to accumulate a high intracellular content of microbial oil (> 40%) and to secrete a mixture of polyol esters of fatty acids (PEFA). Using fed-batch fermentation, the appropriate culture conditions were established for maximum lipids and carotenoids production. The characterization of extracted carotenoids reveals the presence of two major compounds, the torularhodin (63.7%) and torulene (36.3%) and their related antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were investigated. Moreover, secreted PEFAs showed therapeutically promising cytotoxic effect against cancer cells and their synergistic action with commercial drug was also established. On the other hand, flow cytometry analysis showed that culture on crude glycerol increases cells membrane permeability and further enhances metabolites recovery. This can facilitate downstream processing and therefore increase the profitability of the production system. Indeed, the present study opens new perspectives for multifunctional metabolites production using cheap industrial by-product through completely eco-friendly processes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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3. The Cytotoxicity Effect of Ethanol Extract and Alkaloid Fraction of Mirabilis jalapa Leaves in Hepatocarcinoma Cell Line
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Suselo, Yuliana Heri, Indarto, Dono, Wasita, Brian, Hartono, Ma, Wanshu, Series Editor, Lelono, Asmoro, editor, Akbar Bahar, Muhammad, editor, Wathon, Syubanul, editor, Senjarini, Kartika, editor, Ginanjar Arip, Asep, editor, Putrasetya, Ramdhan, editor, Andika, Beny, editor, Ayu Sukma, Nadhea, editor, and Sugiharto, Bambang, Editor-in-Chief more...
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- 2023
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4. Optimization of Pluchea indica (L.) leaf extract using ultrasound-assisted extraction and its cytotoxicity on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line
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Siti Aishah Baharuddin, Nor Nadiah Abd Karim Shah, Latifah Saiful Yazan, Aswir Abd Rashed, Kazunori Kadota, Alhussein M. Al-Awaadh, and Yus Aniza Yusof
- Subjects
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction ,P. indica (L.) leaves ,Response surface methodology ,Cytotoxicity effect ,Total phenolic content ,Total flavonoid content ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy and the third primary cause of cancer-related mortalities caused by unhealthy diet, hectic lifestyle, and genetic damage. People aged ≥ 50 are more at risk for CRC. Nowadays, bioactive compounds from plants have been widely studied in preventing CRC because of their anticancer and antioxidant properties. Herein, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract the bioactive compounds of Pluchea indica (L.) leaves. The resultant total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of P. indica (L.) leaves were analyzed using a response surface methodology (RSM). The central composite design was implemented to evaluate the amplitude (10 %–70 %) and treatment time (2–10 min) on both responses, i.e., TPC and TFC of P. indica (L.) leaves. The optimum UAE conditions were observed 40 % amplitude and 6 min of treatment, where the TPC and TFC were 3.26 ± 0.00 mg GAE/g d.w. and 67.58 ± 1.46 mg QE/g d.w., respectively. The optimum P. indica (L.) leaf extract was then screened for its cytotoxicity on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. This extract had strong cytotoxicity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value (IC50) of 12 µg/mL. The phytochemical screening of bioactive compounds revealed that the optimal P. indica (L.) leaf extract contains flavonoids, namely, kaempferol 3-[2′'',3′'',5′''-triacetyl]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->6)-glucoside, myricetin 3-glucoside-7-galactoside, quercetin 3-(3′'-sulfatoglucoside), and kaempferol 7,4′-dimethyl ether 3-O-sulfate, which could be good sources for promising anticancer agents. This study employs the RSM approach to utilize UAE for bioactive compounds extraction of P. indica (L.) leaves, identified the specific compounds present in the optimized extract and revealed its potential in preventing CRC. more...
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- 2023
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5. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Anticancer Response of In 2 O 3 /RGO Nanocomposites Prepared by a Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Process.
- Author
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Alaizeri, ZabnAllah M., Alhadlaq, Hisham A., Aldawood, Saad, Akhtar, Mohd Javed, Aziz, Aziz A., and Ahamed, Maqusood
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PHOTODEGRADATION , *HYDROTHERMAL synthesis , *MONONUCLEAR leukocytes , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials , *PHOTOCATALYSTS - Abstract
The incorporation of graphene with metal oxide has been widely explored in various fields, including energy storage devices, optical applications, biomedical applications, and water remediation. This research aimed to assess the impact of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) doping on the photocatalytic and anticancer properties of In2O3 nanoparticles. Pure and In2O3/RGO nanocomposites were effectively synthesized using the single-step microwave hydrothermal process. XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, XPS, Raman, UV–Vis, and PL spectroscopy were carefully utilized to characterize the prepared samples. XRD data showed that synthesized In2O3 nanoparticles had high crystallinity with a decreased crystal size after RGO doping. TEM and SEM images revealed that the In2O3 NPs were spherical and uniformly embedded onto the surface of RGO sheets. Elemental analysis of In2O3/RGO NC confirmed the presence of In, O, and C without impurities. Raman analysis indicated the successful fabrication of In2O3 onto the RGO surface. Uv–Vis analysis showed that the band gap energy was changed with RGO addition. Raman spectra confirmed that In2O3 nanoparticles were successfully anchored onto the RGO sheet. PL results indicated that the prepared In2O3/RGO NCs can be applied to enhance photocatalytic activity and biomedical applications. In the degradation experiment, In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited superior photocatalytic activity compared to that of pure In2O3. The degradation efficiency of In2O3/RGO NCs for MB dye was up to 90%. Biological data revealed that the cytotoxicity effect of In2O3/RGO NCs was higher than In2O3 NPs in human colorectal (HCT116) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells. Importantly, the In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited better biocompatibility against human normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All the results suggest that RGO addition improves the photocatalytic and anticancer activity of In2O3 NPs. This study highlights the potential of In2O3/RGO NCs as an efficient photocatalyst and therapeutic material for water remediation and biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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6. Conjugated PNC-27 peptide/PEI-Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a double targeting agent for early cancer diagnosis: In vitro study
- Author
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Reihaneh Rahmani, Majid Darroudi, Mohsen Gharanfoli, Jamshidkhan Chamani, Mehran Gholamin, and Maryam Hashemi
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b-pei ,cytotoxicity effect ,iron oxide ,pnc27 peptide ,spions ,targeted cancer diagnostic ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective(s): Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been considered promising non-invasive imaging tools in medicine. However, their high surface energy leads to NPs aggregation, while non-targeted SPIONs can cause cytotoxic effects on normal cells. In this work, we evaluated the in vitro potential of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-SPIONs targeted by PNC27 peptide as a double targeting agent throughout early cancer diagnosis.Materials and Methods: Initially, PEI was conjugated to PNC27 with HDM-2-binding domain. Then, SPIONs were loaded into PEI-PNC27 through the ligand exchange method. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized NPs were evaluated. The cytotoxicity and targeting efficiency were assayed against HT-29 and CT-26 cell lines along with NIH-3t3 as normal cells by MTT method and Prussian blue staining test, respectively. Results: The mean diameter of synthesized carriers was obtained in the range of 86.6 – 116.1 nm with a positive charge. According to the cytotoxicity results, the binding and uptake abilities of the PNC27 peptide by cancer cells were significantly higher than that of the NIH-3t3 cells. However, the results were indicative of the more toxic impacts of targeted synthesized NPs against CT-26 cancer cell line when being compared with HT-29 cells, which may be caused by the different cytotoxicity mechanisms of NPs. In addition, the targeted carriers and SPIONs were present inside and around the cells with HDM-2 expression along with only a few non-targeted vectors, while displaying no appearance throughout the normal cell.Conclusion: The results indicated the efficiency of targeted PEI-coated SPIONs for cancer diagnostic applications. more...
- Published
- 2022
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7. Assessing the growth-inhibitory activity of postbiotics of Lactobacillus spp. against Staphylococcus aureus under in vitro circumstances and food model.
- Author
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Khani, Nader, mohamad javad Shkouhian, Seyed, Kafil, Hossein Samadi, Gilani, Neda, Abbasi, Amin, and Rad, Aziz Homayouni
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LACTOBACILLUS plantarum , *STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus , *GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) , *LACTOBACILLUS , *LACTIC acid - Abstract
Postbiotics are soluble metabolites that are liberated from the structure of lysing bacteria or are produced by live bacteria; these byproducts give the host increased biological activity and certain physiological effects. In the current study, the anti- Staphylococcus properties of postbiotics isolated from Lactobacillus acidophilus,L.paracasei,and L.plantarum were investigated in vitro , and pasteurized milk. Potential activity of postbiotics was performed via agar-disk diffusion method. Besides, the effect of heat and pH on the postbiotics antibacterial activity was measured via the agar-well diffusion method. To determine the antioxidant effect and the free radical scavenging potential of the postbiotics, 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was utilized. The postbiotics chemical composition was identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was mainly associated with lactic acid, laurostearic acid, and isopropylidene-3,3-dimethyl. Also, postbiotics showed strong antioxidant activity. Postbiotics derived from L.plantarum showed the highest antioxidant properties compared to L.paracasei and L.acidophilus. Lower minimum effective concentrations of postbiotic were altered in food model, and substantially, a low minimum effective(MEC) concentrations index (15 mg/mL) was identified for postbiotic of L.plantarum. The Lactobacillus spp. postbiotic, in particular L.plantarum , may have useful functional characteristics (possible antibacterial and antioxidant) in in vitro and food model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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8. 5-Fluorouracil drug delivery system based on bacterial nanocellulose for colorectal cancer treatment: Mathematical and in vitro evaluation.
- Author
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Martínez, E., Osorio, M., Finkielstein, C., Ortíz, I., Peresin, Maria S., and Castro, C.
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DRUG delivery systems , *COLORECTAL cancer , *ORAL drug administration , *CANCER treatment , *ADENOMATOUS polyps , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common worldwide. Its treatment includes adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) administered intravenously. 5FU is an antineoplastic drug of the fluoropyrimidines group, widely used in the treatment of solid tumors, mainly CRC. Nevertheless, it causes several adverse effects and poor effectiveness due to its short half-life. This work aimed to employ bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as an encapsulation material for the oral administration of 5FU. First, the adsorption phenomena were analyzed by isotherms, thermodynamic parameters, and kinetic models. Then, encapsulation was carried out using spray-drying, and encapsulated 5FU desorption profiles were assessed in simulated fluids. The biological behavior was evaluated on colon cancer SW480 and SW620 cell lines. As result, it was found that at 25 °C a monolayer of 5FU was formed and the process showed to be the most spontaneous one. In the characterization of the nanocapsules, important changes were detected by the presence of 5FU. The delivery in the colon corresponded to a controlled release behavior. The in vitro assay indicated an improvement in the toxicity effect of the drug and its mechanism of action. Accordingly, BNC is a promising biomaterial for the development of a colon drug delivery platform of 5FU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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9. The Biological Activity of ZnO Nanostructures Doped by Mg and Co.
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MYRONIUK, L., MYRONIUK, D., KARPYNA, V., BYKOV, O., GARMASHEVA, I., POVNITSA, O., ARTIUKH, L., NAUMENKO, K., ZAHORODNIA, S., and IEVTUSHENKO, A.
- Subjects
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NANOSTRUCTURES , *CHEMICAL vapor deposition , *ESCHERICHIA coli , *POINT defects , *CRYSTAL lattices - Abstract
Pure, Mg-doped and Co-doped ZnO nanostructures were grown by atmospheric pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The influence of magnesium and cobalt contained in ZnO on microstructure, cytotoxicity, and virucidal and antibacterial activities under non-irradiated conditions was investigated. The incorporation of Mg and Co impurities into the crystal lattice of ZnO nanostructures modifies their electronic structure, surface morphology, and the concentration of point defects, which have some influence on the biological activity of the prepared ZnO nanostructures. The addition of magnesium and cobalt to ZnO nanostructures did not inhibit the reproduction of type 2 adenovirus, but an increased virucidal action for Mg- and Co-doped ZnO nanostructures against influenza A (H1N1) virus (strain FM/1/47) was observed. The titer of influenza virus was reduced by 1.92 lg for Mg-doped ZnO nanostructures. At the same time, Co-doped ZnO nanostructures showed the best results: the titer reduction was 3.57 for ZnO-Co (10 wt%) and 3.14 lg for ZnO-Co (5 wt%), indicating their good virucidal action. All tested ZnO nanostructures exhibited toxicity towards E. coli cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Conjugated PNC-27 peptide/PEI-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a double targeting agent for early cancer diagnosis: In vitro study.
- Author
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Rahmani, Reihaneh, Darroudi, Majid, Gharanfoli, Mohsen, Chamani, Jamshidkhan, Gholamin, Mehran, and Hashemi, Maryam
- Subjects
- *
IRON oxide nanoparticles , *CANCER diagnosis , *EARLY diagnosis , *PEPTIDES , *PRUSSIAN blue - Abstract
Objective(s): Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been considered promising non-invasive imaging tools in medicine. However, their high surface energy leads to NPs aggregation, while non-targeted SPIONs can cause cytotoxic effects on normal cells. In this work, we evaluated the in vitro potential of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-SPIONs targeted by PNC-27 peptide as a double targeting agent throughout early cancer diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Initially, PEI was conjugated to PNC-27 with HDM-2-binding domain. Then, SPIONs were loaded into PEI-PNC-27 through the ligand exchange method. The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized NPs were evaluated. The cytotoxicity and targeting efficiency were assayed against HT-29 and CT-26 cell lines along with NIH-3t3 as normal cells by MTT method and Prussian blue staining test, respectively. Results: The mean diameter of synthesized carriers was obtained in the range of 86.6 - 116.1 nm with a positive charge. According to the cytotoxicity results, the binding and uptake abilities of the PNC-27 peptide by cancer cells were significantly higher than that of the NIH-3t3 cells. However, the results were indicative of the more toxic impacts of targeted synthesized NPs against CT-26 cancer cell line when being compared with HT-29 cells, which may be caused by the different cytotoxicity mechanisms of NPs. In addition, the targeted carriers and SPIONs were present inside and around the cells with HDM-2 expression along with only a few non-targeted vectors, while displaying no appearance throughout the normal cell. Conclusion: The results indicated the efficiency of targeted PEI-coated SPIONs for cancer diagnostic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Voltammetric assay of vildagliptin drug as vildagliptin-Cu2+ complex and its biological applications.
- Author
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Hassanein, Amira M., Moharram, Youssef I., Ebied, Sherif E., Sadek, Mohammed E., and Khamis, Abeer A. A.
- Subjects
- *
STABILITY constants , *FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy , *VOLTAMMETRY technique , *ULTRAVIOLET-visible spectroscopy , *VOLTAMMETRY , *ELECTROLYTIC reduction - Abstract
A sensitive square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric method is reported for determining the drug, vildagliptin (VILD), in bulk and commercial formulations with a mean LOD = 1.19 nmol L−1 using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with Ca-montmorillonite clay. The procedure focuses on the formation of a VILD-Cu2+ complex in a bulk solution and the subsequent electrochemical reduction at the modified electrode. The results showed that the modified CPE (95% (w/w) graphite powder and 5% (w/w) Ca-montmorillonite clay) exhibited excellent electrochemical activity toward the investigated VILD-Cu2+ complex. The complex exhibited a well-defined irreversible cathodic peak at − 0.44 V in the Britton–Robinson buffer of pH 7 via acceptance of two electrons and one proton. Under optimal conditions, the VILD concentrations were in the range of 4.0–130 nmol L−1 (R2 = 0.9986) at a fixed concentration of the copper ion. The stability constant (β) and stoichiometric ratio of the complex were determined at 25 °C using electrochemical methods. The structure of the obtained complex was confirmed based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Our suggested analytical method was applied to determine the IC50 values of VILD and VILD-Cu2+ complex in a human colon cancer (Caco-2) cell line and were found to be 265 and 40 μg mL−1, respectively, using the square-wave voltammetry technique. These IC50 values were in good agreement with those obtained using the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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12. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Anticancer Response of In2O3/RGO Nanocomposites Prepared by a Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Process
- Author
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ZabnAllah M. Alaizeri, Hisham A. Alhadlaq, Saad Aldawood, Mohd Javed Akhtar, Aziz A. Aziz, and Maqusood Ahamed
- Subjects
In2O3/RGO ,microwave hydrothermal method ,degradation ,cytotoxicity effect ,biocompatibility ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The incorporation of graphene with metal oxide has been widely explored in various fields, including energy storage devices, optical applications, biomedical applications, and water remediation. This research aimed to assess the impact of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) doping on the photocatalytic and anticancer properties of In2O3 nanoparticles. Pure and In2O3/RGO nanocomposites were effectively synthesized using the single-step microwave hydrothermal process. XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, XPS, Raman, UV–Vis, and PL spectroscopy were carefully utilized to characterize the prepared samples. XRD data showed that synthesized In2O3 nanoparticles had high crystallinity with a decreased crystal size after RGO doping. TEM and SEM images revealed that the In2O3 NPs were spherical and uniformly embedded onto the surface of RGO sheets. Elemental analysis of In2O3/RGO NC confirmed the presence of In, O, and C without impurities. Raman analysis indicated the successful fabrication of In2O3 onto the RGO surface. Uv–Vis analysis showed that the band gap energy was changed with RGO addition. Raman spectra confirmed that In2O3 nanoparticles were successfully anchored onto the RGO sheet. PL results indicated that the prepared In2O3/RGO NCs can be applied to enhance photocatalytic activity and biomedical applications. In the degradation experiment, In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited superior photocatalytic activity compared to that of pure In2O3. The degradation efficiency of In2O3/RGO NCs for MB dye was up to 90%. Biological data revealed that the cytotoxicity effect of In2O3/RGO NCs was higher than In2O3 NPs in human colorectal (HCT116) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells. Importantly, the In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited better biocompatibility against human normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All the results suggest that RGO addition improves the photocatalytic and anticancer activity of In2O3 NPs. This study highlights the potential of In2O3/RGO NCs as an efficient photocatalyst and therapeutic material for water remediation and biomedicine. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Eco-synthesis and characterization of titanium nanoparticles: Testing its cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects
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Eisa Nada E., Almansour Shaffa, Alnaim Ibtessam A., Ali Amira M., Algrafy Eman, Ortashi Khalid M., Awad Manal A., Virk Promy, Hendi Awatif A., and Eissa Fahd Z.
- Subjects
lupinus ,tio2nps ,characterization ,cytotoxicity effect ,antibacterial activity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In recent years, green synthesis of nanoparticles has been the cornerstone of development of nanotechnology and its applications, as it emphasizes on promoting environmental sustainability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential health benefits of the green-synthesized titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs). TiO2NPs were synthesized using titanium(iv) isopropoxide and lupin bean extract. The synthesized particles were characterized to assess the average particle size by dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction method was used to study the crystalline nature. The average particle size recorded was 9.227 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.382. The morphology of the particles was assessed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy which showed varied shapes of the nanoparticles, uniform spherical and crystallite rod shaped. Further, the cytotoxic efficacy of the nanoparticles was assessed against the breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor (MTT) assay. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against clinical pathogens via the disc diffusion assay. The key findings showed that the TiO2NPs exhibited potent cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 of 41.1 µg. It also showed profound antibacterial activity. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles could have potential biomedical applications owing to their therapeutic efficacy. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Morphological damage and increased ROS production of biosynthesized silver nanoparticle against MCF-7 breast cancer cells through in vitro approaches
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Govindan Nadar Rajivgandhi, Gnansekaran Chackaravarthi, Govindan Ramachandran, Chenthis Kanisha Chelliah, Muthuchamy Maruthupandy, Mohammed S. Alharbi, Naiyf S. Alharbi, Jamal M. Khaled, and Wen-Jun Li more...
- Subjects
Silver nanoparticle ,Anticancer activity ,MCF-7 breast cancer cells ,Cytotoxicity effect ,Morphological modification ,Fluorescence microscope ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
In this study of anti-cancer activity, the cytotoxicity effect of the silver nanoparticle was shown excellent anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The IC50 concentration of the synthesized silver nanoparticle against performed MCF-7 breast cancer cells was 1000 µg/ml concentration. Further, the shape modifications in the silver nanoparticle treated MCF-7 cells were viewed by phase contrast microscope and proved after comparison with untreated control. Next, the intracellular proliferation, chromatin condensation, granular membranes cleavage and surface layers damage were effectively seen by fluorescence microscopy using AO/EB fluorescence dyes. The failure of matured nucleus was clearly shown after the treatment of Ag NPs and was effectively proved by fluorescence microscope using Hoechst 33342 stain. Finally, the anti-cancer effect identification through various invitro experiments was clearly favored to performed silver nanoparticle, and suggested that the nanoparticle was very effective against multi drug resistant bacteria, biofilm producing bacteria and cancer cells. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Cytotoxic Effect of Two Different Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite: An In-Vitro Study.
- Author
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Mukundan D and Jeevanandan G
- Abstract
Introduction The endodontic treatment of primary teeth presents considerable complications due to their distinct anatomical properties. In order to achieve a successful endodontic treatment, certain factors must be assessed. These factors include a precise diagnosis, thorough cleaning, and a reliable disinfection protocol. Although sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been effective as an irrigation agent in primary teeth, it is important to recognize that higher concentrations of NaOCl might possibly inflict toxic harm on the periapical environment if they penetrate the tooth's apical foramina. Since primary teeth are important, pediatric dentists must choose an appropriate NaOCl concentration for root canal irrigation, as higher concentrations can be toxic. Thus, the current investigation examined the cytotoxicity of two different NaOCl concentrations at various volumes. Methods To evaluate the cytotoxicity potential, a culture of nauplii (brine shrimp) was prepared and subjected to testing. For the test, 5, 10, 20, and 40 µL of 1% and 3% NaOCl were added to the brine shrimp culture at different concentrations, and saline was used as a control. After a span of 24 hours, the total number of alive nauplii was duly noted. Results After 24 hours, nauplii showed no mortality in the control group. For 1% NaOCl, mortality ranged from 10% to 20% across volumes, with no significant differences (p = 0.193). In contrast, 3% NaOCl caused significantly higher mortality: 20% at 5 µL, 30% at 10 and 20 µL, and 60% at 40 µL (p = 0.007). Tukey's analysis revealed no significant differences for 1% NaOCl (p > 0.05) but significant differences for 3% NaOCl at 40 µL (p < 0.05). Conclusion Based on the results of the present study, it was observed that a 1% NaOCl solution exhibited a lower level of toxicity in comparison to a 3% NaOCl solution. These findings highlight the importance of using lower concentrations of NaOCl for endodontic irrigation in pediatric dentistry to reduce the risk of tissue damage and ensure safer outcomes for young patients., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Review Board at Saveetha University issued approval SRB/SDC/PEDO-2101/23/099. Animal subjects: According to EU Directive 2010/63/EU, ethical committee approval is not required for invertebrates such as nauplii, particularly at early developmental stages, including within the first three days of fertilization. Hence, animal ethical approval wasn't obtained for this in-vitro study. Issued protocol number -. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Mukundan et al.) more...
- Published
- 2024
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16. The Cytopathic Effect of Different Toxin Concentrations From Different Clostridioides difficile Sequence Types Strains in Vero Cells.
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Hamo, Zohar, Azrad, Maya, Fichtman, Boris, and Peretz, Avi
- Subjects
CLOSTRIDIOIDES difficile ,TOXINS ,ANTIBODY-dependent cell cytotoxicity ,PATHOGENESIS ,IMMUNE response - Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is one of the leading causes of healthcare-associated diarrhea, with severity ranging from mild, self-limiting disease, to life-threatening toxic megacolon. C. difficile infection (CDI) pathogenesis is mediated by the TcdA and TcdB toxins. This work aimed to draw correlations between toxin levels, bacterial strains, and disease severity in 63 CDI patients. C. difficile typing was performed by multi-locus sequence types (MLST). Toxin concentrations were measured using the TOX A/B test. In addition, cell cytotoxicity assay was performed following Vero cell exposure to stool extracts (24 h). The most prevalent sequence types (ST) were ST2, ST4, ST6, ST13, ST37, ST42, and ST104, with highest toxin levels produced by ST42 and ST104 (302.5 and 297.1 ng/ml, respectively). These strains had a stronger cytopathic effect (CPE) on Vero cells as compared to strains with lower toxin concentrations (p < 0.001), as manifested by lower cell counts and higher percentages of cell rounding and adhesion loss. Although no association was found between ST, toxin concentrations, and disease severity, a diverse in vitro effect of different STs on the viability and activity of Vero cells was observed. These findings suggest that disease severity is affected by both host immune responses and by bacterial characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The Cytopathic Effect of Different Toxin Concentrations From Different Clostridioides difficile Sequence Types Strains in Vero Cells
- Author
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Zohar Hamo, Maya Azrad, Boris Fichtman, and Avi Peretz
- Subjects
Clostridioides difficile ,multi-locus sequence types ,toxin A ,toxin B ,cytotoxicity effect ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is one of the leading causes of healthcare-associated diarrhea, with severity ranging from mild, self-limiting disease, to life-threatening toxic megacolon. C. difficile infection (CDI) pathogenesis is mediated by the TcdA and TcdB toxins. This work aimed to draw correlations between toxin levels, bacterial strains, and disease severity in 63 CDI patients. C. difficile typing was performed by multi-locus sequence types (MLST). Toxin concentrations were measured using the TOX A/B test. In addition, cell cytotoxicity assay was performed following Vero cell exposure to stool extracts (24 h). The most prevalent sequence types (ST) were ST2, ST4, ST6, ST13, ST37, ST42, and ST104, with highest toxin levels produced by ST42 and ST104 (302.5 and 297.1 ng/ml, respectively). These strains had a stronger cytopathic effect (CPE) on Vero cells as compared to strains with lower toxin concentrations (p < 0.001), as manifested by lower cell counts and higher percentages of cell rounding and adhesion loss. Although no association was found between ST, toxin concentrations, and disease severity, a diverse in vitro effect of different STs on the viability and activity of Vero cells was observed. These findings suggest that disease severity is affected by both host immune responses and by bacterial characteristics. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Voltammetric assay of vildagliptin drug as vildagliptin-Cu2+ complex and its biological applications
- Author
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Hassanein, Amira M., Moharram, Youssef I., Ebied, Sherif E., Sadek, Mohammed E., and Khamis, Abeer A. A.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. In-Silico and In-Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activity and Structure of Modified CM11 Peptide.
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Eshtiaghi, Sajjad, Nazari, Razieh, and Fasihi-Ramandi, Mahdi
- Subjects
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PEPTIDE antibiotics , *MOLECULAR structure , *EUKARYOTIC cells , *HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *CELL analysis , *ANTIMICROBIAL peptides - Abstract
Drug-resistant infectious diseases have increased in recent years. Accordingly, plenty of researches are exploring novel approaches to overcome this problem. In this era, antimicrobial peptides have been identified as potential antibacterial agents. The Modified CM11 (mCM11) was designed with the C-terminal amidation and substitution of lysine with arginine. The designed peptide was synthesized by the solid-phase method and Rink amide p-methyl-benzhydryl amine resin. The synthesized peptide was evaluated using Mass Spectrometry (MS), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Circular Dichroism (CD). Finally, the antibacterial, cytotoxic, and apoptotic effect of the mCM11 peptide was investigated. The new peptide indicated a beta-sheet structure with a molecular weight of 1527.50 D and purity of 96%. The peptide exerted a potent antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) ranged from 16 to 64 µg/ml, and 16 to 128 µg/ml, respectively. The IC50 of mCM11 was 16 µg/ml and its cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cell line revealed a dose-dependent manner. Also, apoptosis analysis of eukaryotic cells revealed a decline in late apoptosis and necrosis in comparison with untreated cells. The mCM11 indicated a considerable antibacterial effect against a wide range of pathogenic bacterial strains. Further, it did not represent any late apoptotic and necrosis impact on the eukaryotic cell line. All of these findings may confirm the potential role of this new peptide as an effective therapeutic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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20. Assessment of Antibacterial Properties and Cytotoxic Effect of Ethanolic Extracts of Clitoria ternatea and Camellia sinensis Herbal Formulation Against Clinical Pathogens.
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Surya KG, Shanmugam R, Behera A, and Dharmalingam Jothinathan MK
- Abstract
Aim The study aims to evaluate the antibacterial properties of ethanolic extracts from Clitoria ternatea and Camellia sinensis against pathogens causing UTI, wound pathogens, and other clinical bacterial infections and their cytotoxic effects using the brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). Methods Ethanolic extracts of C. ternatea and C. sinensis were prepared, and their antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Enterococcus faecalis using the well diffusion method. The cytotoxicity was assessed through the BSLA, determining the LC
50 values for each extract. Results The formulation of both plant extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity against UTI pathogens, and wound pathogen bacteria showed higher efficacy compared to other studies. The BSLA revealed a dose-dependent increase in toxicity, with C. ternatea extracts demonstrating higher cytotoxicity than C. sinensis . Conclusion The ethanolic extracts of C. ternatea and C. sinensis possess antibacterial properties against UTI-causing bacteria and show cytotoxic effects in a brine shrimp model. These findings suggest the potential of these plants for developing alternative treatments for UTI. However, further research is necessary to fully understand their safety and efficacy in human subjects., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Surya et al.) more...- Published
- 2024
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21. Comparative Study of the Electrochemical, Biomedical, and Thermal Properties of Natural and Synthetic Nanomaterials
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Ferial Ghaemi, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, Hanieh Kargarzadeh, Mahnaz M. Abdi, Nur Farhana Waheeda Mohd Azli, and Maryam Abbasian
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Natural and synthetic nanomaterials ,Electrochemical properties ,Cytotoxicity effect ,Thermal stability ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Abstract In this research, natural nanomaterials including cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), nanofiber cellulose (NFC), and synthetic nanoparticles such as carbon nanofiber (CNF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) with different structures, sizes, and surface areas were produced and analyzed. The most significant contribution of this study is to evaluate and compare these nanomaterials based on the effects of their structures and morphologies on their electrochemical, biomedical, and thermal properties. Based on the obtained results, the natural nanomaterials with low dimension and surface area have zero cytotoxicity effects on the living cells at 12.5 and 3.125 μg/ml concentrations of NFC and CNC, respectively. Meanwhile, synthetic nanomaterials with the high surface area around 15.3–21.1 m2/g and significant thermal stability (480 °C–600 °C) enhance the output of electrode by creating a higher surface area and decreasing the current flow resistance. more...
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- 2018
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22. Preparation and characterisation of magnetosomes based drug conjugates for cancer therapy.
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Raguraman, Varalakshmi and Suthindhiran, Krishnamurthy
- Abstract
The authors report a novel, effective and enhanced method of conjugating anticancer drug, paclitaxel and gallic acid with magnetosomes. Here, anticancer drugs were functionalised with magnetosomes membrane by direct and indirect (via crosslinkers: glutaraldehyde and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane) adsorption methods. The prepared magnetosome–drug conjugates were characterised by Fourier transform infrared, zeta potential, field‐emission scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry. The drug‐loading efficiency and capacity were found to be 87.874% for paclitaxel (MP) and 71.3% for gallic acid (MG), respectively as calculated by ultraviolet spectroscopy and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The drug release demonstrated by the diffusion method in phosphate buffer (PBS), showing a prolonged drug release for MP and MG, respectively. The cytotoxicity effect of the MP and MG displayed cytotoxicity of 69.71%, 55.194% against HeLa and MCF‐7 cell lines, respectively. The reactive oxygen species, acridine orange and ethidium bromide and 4, 6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining of the drug conjugates revealed the apoptotic effect of MP and MG. Further, the regulation of tumour suppressor protein, p53 was determined by western blotting which showed an upregulation of p53. Comparatively, the magnetosome–drug conjugates prepared by direct adsorption achieved the best effects on the drug‐loading efficiency and the increased percentage of cancer cell mortality and the upregulation of P53. The proposed research ascertains that magnetosomes could be used as effective nanocarriers in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
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23. Functionalisation of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles by 2‐((pyrazol‐4‐yl) methylene) hydrazinecarbothioamide enhances the apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF‐7 cells.
- Author
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Izadpanah, Mohammad Reza, Salehzadeh, Ali, Zaefizadeh, Mohammad, and Nikpasand, Mohammad
- Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death. Thus, the incidence and mortality rate of cancer is globally important. Regarding vast problems caused by chemotherapy drugs, efforts have progressed to find new anti‐cancer drugs. Pyrazole derivatives are known as components with anti‐cancer properties. In here, Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were first functionalized with (3‐chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane, then 2‐((pyrazol‐4‐yl) methylene) hydrazinecarbothioamide (P) was anchored on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (PL). The synthesized nano‐compounds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectrometry analyses. The cytotoxicity effect was evaluated using MTT assay, apoptosis test by Flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis, Caspase‐3 activity assay and Hoechst staining on MCF‐7 cell line. The high toxicity for tumor cells and low toxicity on normal cells (MCF10A) was considered as an important feature (selectivity index, 10.9). Based on results, the IC50 for P and PL compounds were 157.80 and 131.84 μM/ml respectively. Moreover, apoptosis inducing, nuclear fragmentation, Caspase 3 activity and induction of cell rest in sub‐G1 and S phases, were also observed. The inhibitory effect of PL was significantly higher than P, which could be due to the high penetrability of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
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24. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Anticancer Response of In2O3/RGO Nanocomposites Prepared by a Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Process
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Ahamed, ZabnAllah M. Alaizeri, Hisham A. Alhadlaq, Saad Aldawood, Mohd Javed Akhtar, Aziz A. Aziz, and Maqusood
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In2O3/RGO ,microwave hydrothermal method ,degradation ,cytotoxicity effect ,biocompatibility - Abstract
The incorporation of graphene with metal oxide has been widely explored in various fields, including energy storage devices, optical applications, biomedical applications, and water remediation. This research aimed to assess the impact of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) doping on the photocatalytic and anticancer properties of In2O3 nanoparticles. Pure and In2O3/RGO nanocomposites were effectively synthesized using the single-step microwave hydrothermal process. XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, XPS, Raman, UV–Vis, and PL spectroscopy were carefully utilized to characterize the prepared samples. XRD data showed that synthesized In2O3 nanoparticles had high crystallinity with a decreased crystal size after RGO doping. TEM and SEM images revealed that the In2O3 NPs were spherical and uniformly embedded onto the surface of RGO sheets. Elemental analysis of In2O3/RGO NC confirmed the presence of In, O, and C without impurities. Raman analysis indicated the successful fabrication of In2O3 onto the RGO surface. Uv–Vis analysis showed that the band gap energy was changed with RGO addition. Raman spectra confirmed that In2O3 nanoparticles were successfully anchored onto the RGO sheet. PL results indicated that the prepared In2O3/RGO NCs can be applied to enhance photocatalytic activity and biomedical applications. In the degradation experiment, In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited superior photocatalytic activity compared to that of pure In2O3. The degradation efficiency of In2O3/RGO NCs for MB dye was up to 90%. Biological data revealed that the cytotoxicity effect of In2O3/RGO NCs was higher than In2O3 NPs in human colorectal (HCT116) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells. Importantly, the In2O3/RGO NCs exhibited better biocompatibility against human normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All the results suggest that RGO addition improves the photocatalytic and anticancer activity of In2O3 NPs. This study highlights the potential of In2O3/RGO NCs as an efficient photocatalyst and therapeutic material for water remediation and biomedicine. more...
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- 2023
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25. Methanol Extract of Pomegranate Fruits Containing Ellagic Acid and Cytotoxicity in Vero Cell Line.
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Utami, Suryaningtyas Margi, Indarto, Dono, and Yudhani, Ratih Dewi
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- *
PHARMACOLOGY , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *METFORMIN , *POMEGRANATE , *METHANOL , *DAPAGLIFLOZIN - Abstract
Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is an alternative pharmacology therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are unresponsive to metformin as the standard therapy. SGLT2 is a protein transporter that reabsorbs 90% of glucose in the renal tubules. Ellagic acid is found in pomegranate seeds or peels, which potentially could be an SGLT2 inhibitor in silico. This study analyzed the cytotoxicity effect of methanol extract of pomegranate seeds (MPS) and peels (MPP) on the Vero cell line. Laboratory experiments with a post-test only control group design was conducted in this study. Methanol extracts of pomegranate seeds and peels were obtained from our previous study and Dapagliflozin was used as a positive control. The concentrations of ellagic acid in MPS and MPP were measured using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Eight different doses of MPS and MPP, which ranged from 0.98 to 125 ppm, were used to determine their cytotoxicity using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The probit test was then used to analyze IC50 of MPS and MPP. The concentration of ellagic acid in MPS was 1.34 ppm, which had IC50 at 231 mM, while the concentration of MPP-extracted ellagic acid was 1.68 ppm and had lower IC50 (1.7 mM), compared to the IC50 of MPS. Moreover, the IC50 value of both methanol extracts was higher than the IC50 of Dapagliflozin (0.406 mM). In conclusion, MPS and MPP have different cytotoxicity against the Vero cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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26. Biomedical potential of chitosan-silver nanoparticles with special reference to antioxidant, antibacterial, hemolytic and in vivo cutaneous wound healing effects.
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Hajji, Sawssen, Khedir, Sameh Ben, Hamza-Mnif, Ibtissem, Hamdi, Marwa, Jedidi, Ines, Kallel, Rim, Boufi, Sami, and Nasri, Moncef
- Subjects
- *
SILVER nanoparticles , *CHITOSAN , *BIOMEDICAL materials , *ANTIOXIDANT analysis , *ANTIBACTERIAL agents , *WOUND healing - Abstract
Abstract The aim of the present study was to prepare chitosan-PVA-silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs) through green method. Chitosan and PVA polymers acted as stabilizing agents. DLS and TEM analyses showed that CS-AgNPs were homogeneously dispersed in matrix with an average size of 190–200 nm. The CS-AgNPs were tested for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties and the results revealed that they exhibited higher antioxidant activity than CS powder. Moreover, CS-AgNPs were characterized by a low cytotoxicity effect at 5–200 μg/ml against Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells. In addition, the prepared CS-Ag NPs were found to promote significantly the wound healing, as determined by the wound contraction ratio and histological examination. A significant improvement in wound healing progression and in oxidative stress damage were observed for CS, CS-PVA and CS-AgNPs-treated wound tissues, when compared to control and CICAFLORA®-treated groups. The wound healing effect could be attributed to the antibacterial and antioxidant synergy of AgNPs and CS. Results strongly support the possibility of using CS-AgNPs for wound care applications. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Chitosan-silver nanoparticles exhibited strong antibacterial and in vitro antioxidant activities. • The ability of chitosan-silver nanoparticles gel to enhance the wound healing was investigated. • Chitosan, CS-PVA and CS-AgNPs gels were able to accelerate the cutaneous healing. • CS-AgNPs were demonstrated the highest efficiency to prevent the oxidative damage. • The histological micrographs revealed that CS-AgNPs enhanced the wound re-epithelialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
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27. Optimization of Pluchea indica (L.) leaf extract using ultrasound-assisted extraction and its cytotoxicity on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line.
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Aishah Baharuddin, Siti, Nadiah Abd Karim Shah, Nor, Saiful Yazan, Latifah, Abd Rashed, Aswir, Kadota, Kazunori, Al-Awaadh, Alhussein M., and Aniza Yusof, Yus
- Subjects
- *
CYTOTOXINS , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *COLORECTAL cancer , *FLAVONOLS , *CELL lines , *CANCER cells , *RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics) , *QUERCETIN , *FLAVONOID glycosides - Abstract
[Display omitted] • Optimum UAE conditions occurred at amplitude (10 %–70 %) and treatment time (2–10 min) on both responses, i.e., TPC and TFC of P. indica (L.) leaves. • The optimum P. indica (L.) leaf extract had positive cytotoxicity on the HT-29 CRC cell line, in which the IC50 was 12 µg/mL. • The optimum P. indica (L.) leaf extract contained flavonols, namely, kaempferol 3-[2′'',3′'',5′''-triacetylalpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->6)-glucoside, myricetin 3-glucoside-7-galactoside, quercetin 3-(3′'-sulfatoglucoside), and kaempferol 7,4′-dimethyl ether 3-O-sulfate, which were the major components. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy and the third primary cause of cancer-related mortalities caused by unhealthy diet, hectic lifestyle, and genetic damage. People aged ≥ 50 are more at risk for CRC. Nowadays, bioactive compounds from plants have been widely studied in preventing CRC because of their anticancer and antioxidant properties. Herein, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract the bioactive compounds of Pluchea indica (L.) leaves. The resultant total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of P. indica (L.) leaves were analyzed using a response surface methodology (RSM). The central composite design was implemented to evaluate the amplitude (10 %–70 %) and treatment time (2–10 min) on both responses, i.e., TPC and TFC of P. indica (L.) leaves. The optimum UAE conditions were observed 40 % amplitude and 6 min of treatment, where the TPC and TFC were 3.26 ± 0.00 mg GAE/g d.w. and 67.58 ± 1.46 mg QE/g d.w., respectively. The optimum P. indica (L.) leaf extract was then screened for its cytotoxicity on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. This extract had strong cytotoxicity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value (IC 50) of 12 µg/mL. The phytochemical screening of bioactive compounds revealed that the optimal P. indica (L.) leaf extract contains flavonoids, namely, kaempferol 3-[2′'',3′'',5′''-triacetyl]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->6)-glucoside, myricetin 3-glucoside-7-galactoside, quercetin 3-(3′'-sulfatoglucoside), and kaempferol 7,4′-dimethyl ether 3-O-sulfate, which could be good sources for promising anticancer agents. This study employs the RSM approach to utilize UAE for bioactive compounds extraction of P. indica (L.) leaves, identified the specific compounds present in the optimized extract and revealed its potential in preventing CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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28. Synthesis, characterization and comparative study of cytotoxic effect of copper(II) and zinc β-diketonate complexes
- Author
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Rahimeh Eshaghi Malekshah, Mehdi Salehi, and Ali Khaleghian
- Subjects
β-diketone ,l0-phenanthroline ,cytotoxicity effect ,migration assay ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract Two mononuclear complexes [ZnII(MAA)(phen)(Cl)] (A) and [CuII(TTA)2] (B) (TTA = 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-furyl)-1,3-butanedione), (MAA = methyl acetoacetate and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and fully characterized by UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. In this study, the MKN-45 cell line used for MTT assay. Two complexes exhibited lethal effects against MKN-45 cell lines compared to the untreated control. The IC50 is observed about 1 µg/mL for both complexes. Besides, the migration studies revealed that complex (B) is more active than complex (A) against the MKN-45 cancer cell lines. In morphology assay, it was also found that many of the cells showed cytoplasmic shrinkage and loss of normal nuclear architecture. more...
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- 2016
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29. Evaluation of Iranian Snake ‘Macrovipera lebetina’ Venom Cytotoxicity in Kidney Cell Line HEK-293
- Author
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Hourieh Esmaeili Jahromi, Abbas Zare Mirakabadi, and Morteza Kamalzadeh
- Subjects
Snake venom ,Cytotoxicity effect ,HEK-293 ,Acute renal failure ,Macrovipera lebetina ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 - Abstract
Background:Envenomation by Macrovipera lebetina (M. lebetina) is characterized by prominent local tissue damage, hemorrhage, abnormalities in the blood coagulation system, necrosis, and edema. However, the main cause of death after a bite by M. lebetina has been attributed to acute renal failure (ARF). It is unclear whether the venom components have a direct or indirect action in causing ARF. To investigate this point, we looked at the in vitro effect of M. lebetina crude venom, using cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) mono layers as a model. Methods: The effect of M. lebetina snake venom on HEK-293 growth inhibition was determined by the MTT assay and the neutral red uptake assay. The integrity of the cell membrane through LDH release was measured with the Cytotoxicity Detection Kit. Morphological changes in HEK-293 cells were also evaluated using an inverted microscope. Results: In the MTT assay, crude venom showed a significant cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells at 24 hours of exposure and was confirmed by the neutral red assay. Also, at 24 hours exposure, crude venom caused a non-significant increase in LDH activity of the culture medium at concentrations above 20 μg/ml. Various morphological abnormalities were observed in cells exposed to the venom and showed loss of their common polygonal shape, appearing as several roughly rounded cells of variable size. The M. lebetina crude venom induced detachment of cells from the plate. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the Iranian snake M. lebetina venom causes a cytotoxic effect on kidney tissue not by necrotic mechanism but rather by secondary effects, including hypotension, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which may lead to ARF. more...
- Published
- 2016
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30. Fabrication and investigation of silica nanofibers via electrospinning.
- Author
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Shahhosseininia, Mehran, Bazgir, Saeed, and Joupari, Morteza Daliri
- Subjects
- *
ELECTROSPINNING , *SILICA , *NANOFIBERS , *POVIDONE , *ETHYL silicate , *BUTANOL , *THERMAL analysis - Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile and cost-effective method for fabricating nanofibers of different materials suitable for various applications. In this work, silica nanofibers have produced using the electrospinning method followed by the heat treatment. To fabricate silica nanofibers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and Butanol were used to prepare the dope solutions. The optimized concentration for polymer in the dope solutions was then measured at 0.1 g/ml. The electrospinning process was conducted under the optimum circumstances of voltage, injection flow, tip to collector distance, ambient temperature (25 °C) and the humidity of 47%. Having conducted the thermal analysis (TG/DTA), electrospun fibers were exposed to thermal analysis in three different temperatures of 500, 700, and 1000 °C for 5 h. Following this, the morphology and the diameter of the fibers, as well as the chemical composition and the crystallinity of each sample were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and x-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The noteworthy conditions of 700 °C and 5 h of heat treatment (i.e., calcination) have provided satisfactory results in terms of silica nanofibers morphology and fibers; diameter, i.e., 110 and 600 nm. For cytotoxicity assay, murine fibroblast cells L929 were cultured on a mat of as-spun silica nanofibers. After 24 h and 48 h cultivation time, samples showed no evidence of cytotoxicity effect, which will be a promising result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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31. HSA loaded with CoFe2 O4 /MNPs as a high‐efficiency carrier for epirubicin anticancer drug delivery.
- Author
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Karimi, Fatemeh, Fallah Shojaei, Abdollah, Tabatabaeian, Khalil, Karimi‐Maleh, Hassan, and Shakeri, Shahryar
- Abstract
Drug delivery is one of the most important challenges in the domain of health. Non‐toxic and biocompatible carriers are provided by human serum albumin nano‐capsule (HSA/NC) for drug delivery applications. In this study, HSA, with high loadings of drug‐modified cobalt ferrite (CoFe2 O4) magnetic nanoparticle (CoFe2 O4 /MNPs) was fabricated for epirubicin anticancer drug delivery. In the initial step, CoFe2 O4 /MNPs was synthesised via co‐precipitation technique and characterised by X‐ray powder diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy and map analysis. Furthermore, CoFe2 O4 /MNPs and epirubicin were loaded into HSA/NC and utilised as a novel system against breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7). IC50 for free epirubicin, unloaded CoFe2 O4 /MNPs/HSA/NC, CoFe2 O4 /MNPs and epirubicin‐loaded CoFe2 O4 /MNPs/HSA/NC were 7.7, 2400, 840 and 430 μg/ml, respectively. The results obtained revealed high cytotoxicity effect of epirubicin‐loaded CoFe2 O4 /MNPs on breast cancer cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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32. Biofilm reduction, cell proliferation, anthelmintic and cytotoxicity effect of green synthesised silver nanoparticle using Artemisia vulgaris extract.
- Author
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Ejaz, Kiran, Sadia, Haleema, Zia, Ghazna, Nazir, Shabnam, Raza, Abida, Ali, Shaukat, Iqbal, Tariq, and Andleeb, Saiqa
- Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused by etiological agents. Nanotechnology has been used to minimise the effect of clinical pathogens which have resistance to antibiotics. In current research synthesis, characterisation and biological activities of green synthesised nanoparticles using Artemisia vulgaris extract have been done. The characterisation of AgNPs was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐Vis spectrophotometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Anti‐biofilm, cell viability, antibacterial, brine shrimp lethality, and deoxyribonucleic acid protection effects have been screened. UV‐Vis spectra showed the absorption peak of synthesised nanoparticles at 400 nm. FT‐IR indicated the involvement of the functional group in the preparation of AgNPs. SEM showed the spherical shape of AgNPs with 30 nm diameter. Biological screening results revealed the antibacterial effect against clinical bacterial pathogens. Biofilm reduction and cell viability assay also supported the antibacterial effect. Cytotoxicity effect was recorded as 100% at 200 μg/ml through brine shrimp lethality assay. Protein kinase inhibition zones recorded for AgNPs (16 mm bald) compared with A. vulgaris extract (11 mm bald). It has been concluded that green synthesised AgNPs are more effective against infectious pathogens and could be used as a potential source for therapeutic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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33. Crystal structure, molecular docking, and biological activity of the zinc complexes with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and N-donor heterocyclic ligands.
- Author
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Eshaghi Malekshah, Rahime, Salehi, Mehdi, Kubicki, Maciej, and Khaleghian, Ali
- Subjects
- *
ZINC compounds , *CRYSTALLOGRAPHY , *CRYSTAL structure , *MOLECULAR docking , *HETEROCYCLIC chemistry , *ACETONE , *APOPTOSIS - Abstract
Two novel mononuclear complexes, [Zn (TTA) (bipy)Cl] ( 1 ) and [Zn (TTA) (phen)Cl] ( 2 ) (TTA = 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-furyl)-1,3-butanedione, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and bipy 2, 2ʹ-bipyridine), were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analyses, 1 H NMR, UV–Vis, FTIR spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The crystal structures of these two mono-nuclear zinc (II) complexes were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The result of X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that both complexes have distorted tetragonal-pyramid structures. In MTT cytotoxicity studies, these Zn (II) complexes exhibited antitumor activity against MCF-7 and MKN-45 cell lines. It was also found that the proliferation rate of MCF-7 and MKN-45 cells decreased after treatment with the above-mentioned complexes. In addition, the apoptosis-inducing activity was assessed by AO/EB (Acridine Orange/Ethidium bromide) staining assay and found that they have the potential to act as effective metal-based anticancer drugs. Finally, the molecular docking studies showed that complex 2 strongly binds through minor groove with DNA by relative binding energy −7.33 kcal mol −1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
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34. Zinc-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles: Sol-gel synthesis, characterization, and investigation of their in vitro cytotoxicity effects.
- Author
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Akbari, Alireza, Khammar, Mansoureh, Taherzadeh, Danial, Rajabian, Arezoo, Khorsand Zak, Ali, and Darroudi, Majid
- Subjects
- *
CERIUM oxides , *NANOPARTICLES , *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity , *X-ray diffraction , *CRYSTAL structure , *SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
Zinc-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (Zn-doped CeO 2 -NPs) with Ce 1-x Zn x O 2 composition, where x equals to 0.0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 are synthesized through a green based sol–gel method from nitrate precursors and gelatin at the fixed calcination temperature of 600 °C maintained for 2 h. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns displayed the single-crystalline structure of these particular samples, which seemed to be completely indexed with the cubic fluorite phase. The evolution of crystalline phases in Ce 1-x Zn x O 2 are assured by the observed broadening in PXRD peaks, while the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed that the spherical-shaped single-crystalline NPs do exist and confirmed the size estimations that were obtained from the Scherrer's equation. A dose dependent toxicity with non-toxic effects of concentrations up to 31.25 μg/ml is illustrated through the In vitro cytotoxicity studies regarding Neuro2A cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
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35. Eco-synthesis and characterization of titanium nanoparticles: Testing its cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects
- Author
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Ibtessam Alnaim, Manal A. Awad, Promy Virk, Awatif A. Hendi, Nada E. Eisa, Khalid Mustafa Osman Ortashi, Eman Algrafy, Amira M. Ali, Fahd Z. Eissa, and Shaffa Almansour
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,General Chemical Engineering ,030231 tropical medicine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanoparticle ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,antibacterial activity ,lupinus ,Environmental Chemistry ,characterization ,Cytotoxicity ,QD1-999 ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,Characterization (materials science) ,Fuel Technology ,tio2nps ,Antibacterial activity ,cytotoxicity effect ,Nuclear chemistry ,Titanium - Abstract
In recent years, green synthesis of nanoparticles has been the cornerstone of development of nanotechnology and its applications, as it emphasizes on promoting environmental sustainability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential health benefits of the green-synthesized titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs). TiO2NPs were synthesized using titanium(iv) isopropoxide and lupin bean extract. The synthesized particles were characterized to assess the average particle size by dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction method was used to study the crystalline nature. The average particle size recorded was 9.227 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.382. The morphology of the particles was assessed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy which showed varied shapes of the nanoparticles, uniform spherical and crystallite rod shaped. Further, the cytotoxic efficacy of the nanoparticles was assessed against the breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor (MTT) assay. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against clinical pathogens via the disc diffusion assay. The key findings showed that the TiO2NPs exhibited potent cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 of 41.1 µg. It also showed profound antibacterial activity. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles could have potential biomedical applications owing to their therapeutic efficacy. more...
- Published
- 2020
36. The Inhibitory Effect of Quercqus Persica L Extract on Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Replication on Baby Hamster Kidney Cells
- Author
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A Karimi, MT Moradi, M Saedi, L Salimzadeh, and M Rafieian
- Subjects
Herpes Simplex ,Cytotoxicity Effect ,Inhibitory Concentration ,Quercqus Persica L. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
& Objectives: In the recent years, following the increase of drug resistant strain of viruses, there has been an increasing interest in the use of natural substances with antiviral activity with fewer side effects. One of these herbal medicines, Quercqus persica L, has shown some therapeutic effects, such as anti-bacterial and anti-viral activities. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of hydroalcoholic extract of this plant on Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). Materials & Methods: In this interventional study conducted at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences in 2010, the hydro- alcoholic extract of Quercqus persica L. was prepared using 70% ethanol by the maceration method. Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK) cells were grown in monolayer culture with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum and plated into 48-well culture plates. Fifty percent of cytotoxic concentration (CC50%) of the extract on BHK cells was determined and subsequently, 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50%) of the herbal extract on replication of HSV-1 both in extracellular and interacellular cases were assessed. The statistical data was analyzed by the SPSS software using Probit analysis. Results: Based on Probit analysis, the extract had no cyto-toxicity up to concentration of 200 mg/ml. IC50s of the extract on the virus before cellular attachment and after entering the cells were 1.2 and 0.257 mg/ml, respectively. Based on the model, with the increasing of the extract concentration, the percentage of inhibition of cytopathic effect (CPE) in both of the stages were increased (p more...
- Published
- 2011
37. Evaluation of Iranian snake 'Macrovipera lebetina' venom cytotoxicity in kidney cell line HEK-293.
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JAHROMI, HOURIEH ESMAEILI, MIRAKABADI, ABBAS ZARE, and KAMALZADEH, MORTEZA
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- *
SNAKE venom , *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity , *ACUTE kidney failure - Abstract
Background: Envenomation by Macrovipera lebetina (M. lebetina) is characterized by prominent local tissue damage, hemorrhage, abnormalities in the blood coagulation system, necrosis, and edema. However, the main cause of death after a bite by M. lebetina has been attributed to acute renal failure (ARF). It is unclear whether the venom components have a direct or indirect action in causing ARF. To investigate this point, we looked at the in vitro effect of M. lebetina crude venom, using cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) mono layers as a model. Methods: The effect of M. lebetina snake venom on HEK-293 growth inhibition was determined by the MTT assay and the neutral red uptake assay. The integrity of the cell membrane through LDH release was measured with the Cytotoxicity Detection Kit. Morphological changes in HEK-293 cells were also evaluated using an inverted microscope. Results: In the MTT assay, crude venom showed a significant cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells at 24 hours of exposure and was confirmed by the neutral red assay. Also, at 24 hours exposure, crude venom caused a non-significant increase in LDH activity of the culture medium at concentrations above 20 μg/ml. Various morphological abnormalities were observed in cells exposed to the venom and showed loss of their common polygonal shape, appearing as several roughly rounded cells of variable size. The M. lebetina crude venom induced detachment of cells from the plate. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that the Iranian snake M. lebetina venom causes a cytotoxic effect on kidney tissue not by necrotic mechanism but rather by secondary effects, including hypotension, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which may lead to ARF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
38. Preparation and in vitro investigation of antigastric cancer activities of carvacrol‐loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles.
- Author
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Maryam, Keshavarzi, Shakeri, Shahryar, and Kiani, Keyhaneh
- Abstract
In this study, carvacrol‐loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles were developed and characterised. Nanoparticles were prepared by desolvation and emulsion/desolvation methods. Encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and loading capacity (LC%) of nanoparticles prepared by desolvation method were 48.4 and 45.1%, respectively. Carvacrol‐loaded nanoparticles had 132 ± 42 nm in diameter with monomodal distribution. Carvacrol‐loaded nanoparticles which is prepared by emulsion/desolvation method had EE% and LC% of 32 and 32.3%, respectively, and 230 ± 38 nm in size. The release of carvacrol from nanoparticles was monitored in phosphate‐buffered saline (pH = 7.4), 100 rpm at 37°C for 10 days. About 21.4% of carvacrol was released after 3 h from nanoparticles that were prepared by desolvation method. In emulsion/desolvation method, 26.8% of total carvacrol was released during 3 h of incubation. Cytotoxicity effect of loaded carvacrol was assessed by 3‐[4, 5 dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test on gastric cancer cells line (AGS). Cell line was exposed to the free carvacrol, unloaded and carvacrol‐loaded nanoparticles for 48 h. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for free carvacrol, unloaded and carvacrol‐loaded HSA nanoparticles were 30, 1070 and 120 µg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, the results of this study showed applications of HSA nanoparticles for entrapment of carvacrol and antigastric cancer activity. Moreover, loading of carvacrol in combination with chemotherapy agents into the HSA nanoparticles may treat cancer cells better than single drug loaded nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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39. Evaluation of the biological effects of 5-Cl-8-oxyquinolinepropoxycalix[4]arene and 8-oxyquinolinepropoxycalix[4]arene in vitro and in vivo.
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Soares, Marcos N., Gáscon, Thais M., Fonseca, Fernando L.A., Ferreira, Karen S., and Bagatin, Izilda A.
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- *
HYDROXYQUINOLINE , *CALIXARENES , *BIOMEDICAL materials , *ANTIBACTERIAL agents , *DRUG development , *ANTIFUNGAL agents , *DRUG side effects - Abstract
Abstract: The development of antibacterial and antifungal drugs has been the target of several pharmaceutical and chemical industries mainly due to the lack of effective drugs with low or no side effect. In this work, studies were conducted both in vitro and in vivo with 8-oxyquinolinepropoxycalix[4]arene (A) and 5-Cl-8-oxyquinolinepropoxycalix[4]arene (B) ligands, showing fairly good results. Cytotoxicity and fungicidal actions of compounds A and B were determined in Wistar male rats and peritoneal macrophages of mice. A slight change in the total of leukocytes and erythrocytes was observed on the hematologic assays, showing almost no inflammation after using both compounds in Wistar male rats. We have also noted some, but not significant, alteration in liver enzymes representing modest hepatotoxicity. Cytotoxicity of peritoneal macrophages, in the presence of compound A or B, showed 50% of survival of macrophages. On the other hand, macrophages previously infected with Candida albicans and treated with substance A or B exhibited an increased cytokine IL-10 at 24h incubation. By checking the effect of substance A or B on growing C. albicans, the results pointed that these substances revealed antifungal activity against C. albicans, in 24h culture with a reduction of yeast cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2014
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40. Cytotoxic Effects of Nano-Titanium Dioxide on Forelimb Bud Development in NMRI Mouse Embryos In vivo.
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Hayati Roodbari, N., Parivar, K., Badiei, B., and Zolfaghari Barogh, S.
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ANIMAL experimentation ,CHONDROGENESIS ,EXTREMITIES (Anatomy) ,MICE ,NANOPARTICLES ,TITANIUM ,EMBRYOS ,CYTOTOXINS - Abstract
Background and Objective: Due to inclusion of nano titanium dioxide in substances such as sunscreens and detergents which may be used by pregnant mothers and regarding that the studies on the effects of such substances have not yet been clearly elucidated, therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the effect of TiO
2 on forelimb buds in mouse embryos. Materials and Methods: In this study, five groups of forelimb buds including control, sham, experimental group 1 (using a dose of 30 mg/kg), experimental group 2 (using a dose of 150 mg/kg) and experimental groups 3 (using a dose of 500 mg/kg), were investigated. On day 11 of gestation, control group without the effect of TiO2 , sham group with injection of deionized water as TiO2 solvent and experimental groups with injection of TiO2 (10 nm particles) with doses of 30, 150 and 500 mg/kg mouse weight were examined. Then, on day 15 of gestation, embryos were removed from the mothers’ body and their forelimb buds were amputated. Results: The findings revealed a significant increase in doses 30 and 150 mg/kg in the total length of limb bud, skin thickness, the number of mesenchymal cells in fingers, degenerating chondrocyte cells in arm, and a significant decrease in the number of proliferating chondrocyte cells in arm, mesenchymal cells in palm and wrist, mitotic dividing mesenchymal cells in fingers and red blood cells in fingers. Meanwhile, it was found that the dose of 500 mg/kg led to a significant decrease in the total length of limb bud, skin thickness of arm, number of proliferating chondrocytes in arm, red blood cells in fingers and mesenchymal cells in palm and wrist. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed decreasing and increasing effects of cytotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles on the growth of forelimb bud in mouse embryos under in vivo conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2014
41. Comparative Study of the Electrochemical, Biomedical, and Thermal Properties of Natural and Synthetic Nanomaterials
- Author
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Hanieh Kargarzadeh, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, Nur Farhana Waheeda Mohd Azli, Mahnaz M. Abdi, Ferial Ghaemi, and Maryam Abbasian
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Materials science ,Nanoparticle ,Nanochemistry ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Nanomaterials ,Cytotoxicity effect ,law ,lcsh:TA401-492 ,General Materials Science ,Thermal stability ,Nano Express ,Carbon nanofiber ,Natural and synthetic nanomaterials ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nanocrystal ,Electrochemical properties ,Nanofiber ,lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In this research, natural nanomaterials including cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), nanofiber cellulose (NFC), and synthetic nanoparticles such as carbon nanofiber (CNF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) with different structures, sizes, and surface areas were produced and analyzed. The most significant contribution of this study is to evaluate and compare these nanomaterials based on the effects of their structures and morphologies on their electrochemical, biomedical, and thermal properties. Based on the obtained results, the natural nanomaterials with low dimension and surface area have zero cytotoxicity effects on the living cells at 12.5 and 3.125 μg/ml concentrations of NFC and CNC, respectively. Meanwhile, synthetic nanomaterials with the high surface area around 15.3–21.1 m2/g and significant thermal stability (480 °C–600 °C) enhance the output of electrode by creating a higher surface area and decreasing the current flow resistance. more...
- Published
- 2018
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42. NOVEL BALANITES AEGYPTIACA MESOCARP SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES: FORMATION, CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIMICROBIAL, CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS.
- Author
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AWAD, MANAL A., EL DIB, RABAB A., ALMUSAYEIB, NAWAL, AL-MASSARANI, SHAZA, ORTASHI, KHALID M. O., and HENDI, AWATIF A.
- Subjects
- *
SILVER nanoparticles , *NANOSTRUCTURED materials synthesis , *ANTI-infective agents , *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity , *FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy , *SCANNING electron microscopy , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopy - Abstract
A novel, simple, cost effective, non-toxic and environmental friendly technique was developed for the synthesized silver nanoparticles using Balauites aegyptiaca (L.) Del mesocarp aqueous extract at 80 °C. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis was caried out to assess the fromation of the silver nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Zetasizer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in addition to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antiviral actvities of the Balauites aegyptiaca nanoparticles have been investigated. This revealed that the nanoparticle suspension posessess cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines, with IC50 being 19.1 μg and 40.1 μg, respectively, in addidtion to moderate antiviral activity against HAV-10 virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2013
43. The Effect of Pulsed Magnetic Field on the Molecular Uptake and Medium Conductivity of Leukemia Cell.
- Author
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Shankayi, Zeinab, Firoozabadi, S., and Mansurian, Mahsa
- Abstract
The cell membrane acts as a barrier that hinders free entrance of most hydrophilic molecules into the cell. Owing to the numerous applications, the introduction of non-permeate molecules into biologic cells has drawn considerable attention in the past years. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of time-varying magnetic field on transmembrane molecular transport by measuring bleomycin cytotoxicity and conductivity modifying in K562 cells. The cells were exposed to magnetic pulses of 2.2 T strength peak and about 250-μs duration via Magstim stimulator and double 70-mm coil. Three different frequencies of 0.25, 1, and 10 Hz pulses for 56,112, and 28 numbers of pulses, respectively, were applied (nine experimental groups) and uptake and conductivity was measured in each group. Our results show that time-varying magnetic field increase transmembrane molecular transport and media conductivity; this enhancement is greater for 28 pulses with 1 Hz frequency. The observed uptake enhancement due to magnetic exposure is considerable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2013
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44. Evaluation of selected South African plant species for antioxidant, antiplatelet, and cytotoxic activity.
- Author
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Suleiman, M. M., Bagla, V., Naidoo, V., and Eloff, J. N.
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- *
PLANT species , *PLANT extracts , *PLANT products , *PLATELET aggregation inhibitors , *ANTIOXIDANTS - Abstract
The antioxidant, antiplatelet, and cytoxoxic effects of seven South African plant extracts, namely, Combretum vendae A.E. van Wyk (Combretaceae), Commiphora harveyi (Engl.) Engl. (Burseraceae), Khaya anthotheca (Welm.) C.DC (Meliaceae), Kirkia wilmsii Engl. (Kirkiaceae), Loxostylis alata A. Spreng. ex Rchb. (Anacardiaceae), Ochna natalitia (Meisn.) Walp. (Ochnaceae), and Protorhus longifolia (Bernh. Ex C. Krauss) Engl. (Anacardiaceae), were evaluated using established in vitro assays. All the extracts showed comparably low toxicity except for the extract of C. harveyi that showed high hemagluttination assay titer value, which indicates toxicity. The extracts of P. longifolia, K. wilmsii, O. natalitia, L. alata, C. harveyi, and C. vendae exhibited antioxidant properties in the qualitative assay using DPPH. In the quantification of antioxidation using ABTS, only the extracts of P. longifolia, L. alata, and C. vendae showed antioxidant activity with respective TEAC values of 1.39, 1.94, and 2.08. Similarly, in the quantitative DPPH assay, L. alata (EC50, 3.58 ± 0.23 µg/mL) and K. wilmsii (EC50, 3.57 ± 0.41 µg/mL) did not differ significantly ( p ≤ 0.05) from the control. K. anthotheca showed a higher EC50 (176.40 ± 26.56 µg/mL) value, and differed significantly ( p ≤ 0.05) from all the other extracts and control. In addition, the extracts of C. vendae and C. harveyi showed significant ( p ≤ 0.05) antiplatelet activity and did not differ from the control (aspirin) with EC50 of 0.06 ± 0.01 µg/mL and 0.19 ± 0.00 µg/mL, respectively. Lower EC50 values in the antioxidant and antiplatelet studies are indicative of superior activity of the plant extract against oxidation and platelet aggregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2010
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45. Annona reticulata leaves-assisted synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and assessment of cytotoxicity and photocatalytic impact.
- Author
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Selvam, K., Allam, Ahmed A., Ajarem, Jamaan S., Sudhakar, C., Selvankumar, T., Senthilkumar, B., and Kim, Woong
- Subjects
- *
ZINC oxide synthesis , *PHYTOCHEMICALS , *ANNONA , *METHYLENE blue , *NANOPARTICLES , *ULTRAVIOLET-visible spectroscopy - Abstract
[Display omitted] • AR-ZnONPs was effectively synthesized utilizing Annona reticulata leaf extract. • The green synthesized AR-ZnONPs was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM, and FT-IR analysis. • AR-ZnONPs showed excellent cytotoxic effect against A549 cell lines. • Exhibited potential photocatalytic decolorization in methylene blue under sunlight irradiation. The objective of this study is to examine the novel usage of the aqueous leaf extract of Annona reticulata (AR) to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles (AR-ZnONPs) by reducing zinc nitrate. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis revealed that phytochemical compounds in AR leaf extract was responsible for capping and effective stabilization of AR-ZnONPs. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra showed the existence of a zinc peak at 1 keV. In addition, the arrangement of a face-centered cubic crystalline construction was also confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The biologically produced AR-ZnONPs have a potential cytotoxicity effect against human lung cancer (A549) cells. Furthermore, AR-ZnONPs exhibited tremendously degradation efficiency for the methylene blue (MB) almost 93.45% removal in 70 min sunlight irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Morphological damage and increased ROS production of biosynthesized silver nanoparticle against MCF-7 breast cancer cells through in vitro approaches.
- Author
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Nadar Rajivgandhi, Govindan, Chackaravarthi, Gnansekaran, Ramachandran, Govindan, Kanisha Chelliah, Chenthis, Maruthupandy, Muthuchamy, Alharbi, Mohammed S., Alharbi, Naiyf S., Khaled, Jamal M., and Li, Wen-Jun more...
- Abstract
In this study of anti-cancer activity, the cytotoxicity effect of the silver nanoparticle was shown excellent anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The IC 50 concentration of the synthesized silver nanoparticle against performed MCF-7 breast cancer cells was 1000 µg/ml concentration. Further, the shape modifications in the silver nanoparticle treated MCF-7 cells were viewed by phase contrast microscope and proved after comparison with untreated control. Next, the intracellular proliferation, chromatin condensation, granular membranes cleavage and surface layers damage were effectively seen by fluorescence microscopy using AO/EB fluorescence dyes. The failure of matured nucleus was clearly shown after the treatment of Ag NPs and was effectively proved by fluorescence microscope using Hoechst 33342 stain. Finally, the anti-cancer effect identification through various invitro experiments was clearly favored to performed silver nanoparticle, and suggested that the nanoparticle was very effective against multi drug resistant bacteria, biofilm producing bacteria and cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Comparative Study of the Electrochemical, Biomedical, and Thermal Properties of Natural and Synthetic Nanomaterials
- Author
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Ghaemi, Ferial, Abdullah, Luqman Chuah, Kargarzadeh, Hanieh, Abdi, Mahnaz M., Azli, Nur Farhana Waheeda Mohd, and Abbasian, Maryam
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Role of oxygen vacancies on photo-catalytic activities of green synthesized ceria nanoparticles in Cydonia oblonga miller seeds extract and evaluation of its cytotoxicity effects.
- Author
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Elahi, Behrouz, Mirzaee, Mahdi, Darroudi, Majid, Kazemi Oskuee, Reza, Sadri, Kayvan, and Gholami, Leila
- Subjects
- *
QUINCE , *NANOPARTICLES , *OXYGEN , *STABILIZING agents , *SEEDS , *DYES & dyeing , *REACTIVE nitrogen species - Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles (CN) were produced via green route in Cydonia oblonga miller (Com) seeds extract as capping and stabilizing agent. They were characterized by a variety of physico-chemical methods such as XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, FESEM, TGA/DTA, and photoluminescence (PL). Crystalline size of CN was increased with ascending the calcination temperature while band gap energy of them was descending from 2.4 to 3.1 eV. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay and results showed that CN had no significance toxicity on A549 cell line. Also, antioxidant effect of CN on the same cell line was performed via 2′,7′–dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA). All concentration of CN specially 15.6 μg/ml could neutralize the oxygen reactive species (ROS). Photo-catalytic study was performed to evaluate dyes degradation ability of CN under UV-A irradiation. Results illustrated that samples calcined in lower temperature showed better photo-catalytic activity. Also, PL study showed that the photoluminescence emission intensity of samples was diminished with increasing the calcination temperature. In conclusion, enhance the photo-catalytic activity and photoluminescence emission was related to presence of oxygen defects in CN structure which were increased in lower calcination temperature and responsible for improving the optical properties of CN. • Green synthesis of Ceria nanoparticles was carried out in Cydonia oblonga miller seeds extract as capping agent. • Ceria nanoparticles calcined in lower temperature had more oxygen vacancies and higher intensity in PL emission. • The more amounts of oxygen vacancies caused to enhance the photo-catalytic strength in dyes degradation. • Ceria nanoparticles has not shown toxic effect and could remarkably scavenge the ROS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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49. Cytotoxic Effect of Iranian Vipera lebetina Snake Venom on HUVEC Cells.
- Author
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Kakanj M, Ghazi-Khansari M, Zare Mirakabadi A, Daraei B, and Vatanpour H
- Abstract
Objective: Envenomation by heamotoxic snakes constituted a critical health occurrence in the world. Bleeding is the most sever consequence following snake bite with viperid and crothalid snakes. It is believed that the degradation of vascular membrane caused hemorrhage; in contrast, some suggested that direct cytotoxicity has role in endothelial cell disturbances. This study was carried out to evaluate the direct toxicity effect of V. lebetina crude venom on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs)., Methods: The effect of V. lebetina snake venom on HUVECs growth inhibition was determined by MTT assay and neutral red uptake assay. The integrity of cell membrane through LDH release was measured with the Cytotoxicity Detection Kit. Morphological changes of endothelial cells were also evaluated using a phase contrast microscope., Result: In MTT assay, crude venom showed a cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells which was confirmed by the effect observed with neutral red assay. Also, crude venom caused changes in the integrity of cell membrane by LDH release. The morphological alterations enhanced in high concentration results in total cells number reduced., Conclusion: V. lebetina venom showed potential direct cytotoxic effects on human endothelial cells in a manner of concentration- dependent inhibition. more...
- Published
- 2015
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