357 results on '"d'Hendecourt, L."'
Search Results
2. Irradiation dose affects the composition of organic refractory materials in space: Results from laboratory analogues
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Urso, R. G., Vuitton, V., Danger, G., d'Hendecourt, L. Le Sergeant, Flandinet, L., Djouadi, Z., Mivumbi, O., Orthous-Daunay, F. R., Ruf, A., Vinogradoff, V., Wolters, C., and Brunetto, R.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Physics - Chemical Physics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Context. Near- and mid-infrared observations have revealed the presence of organic refractory materials in the solar system, in cometary nuclei and on the surface of centaurs, Kuiper-belt and trans-neptunian objects. In these astrophysical environments, organic materials can be formed because of the interaction of frozen volatile compounds with cosmic rays, stellar/solar particles, and favoured by thermal processing. The analysis of laboratory analogues of such materials gives information on their properties, complementary to observations. Aims. We present new experiments to contribute in the understanding of the chemical composition of organic refractory materials in space. Methods. We bombard frozen water, methanol and ammonia mixtures with 40 keV H$^+$ and we warm the by-products up to 300~K. The experiments allow the production of organic residues that we analyse by means of infrared spectroscopy and by Very High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to study their chemical composition and their high molecular diversity, including the presence of hexamethylenetetramine and its derivatives. Results. We find that the accumulated irradiation dose plays a role in determining the residue's composition. Conslusions. Based on the laboratory doses, we estimate the astrophysical timescales to be short enough to induce an efficient formation of organic refractory materials at the surface of icy bodies in the outer solar system., Comment: in publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics, sect. Planets and planetary systems
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- 2020
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3. Formation and Alteration of Complex Organics Induced by Energetic Processing
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Urso, R. G., primary, Baklouti, D., additional, Brunetto, R., additional, Danger, G., additional, Djouadi, Z., additional, Elsaesser, A., additional, d’Hendecourt, L. Le Sergeant, additional, Pinilla-Alonso, N., additional, and Vuitton, V., additional
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- 2023
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4. Sample return of primitive matter from the outer Solar System
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Vernazza, P., Beck, P., Ruesch, O., Bischoff, A., Bonal, L., Brennecka, G., Brunetto, R., Busemann, H., Carter, J., Carli, C., Cartier, C., Ciarniello, M., Debaille, V., Delsanti, A., D’Hendecourt, L., Füri, E., Groussin, O., Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., Helbert, J., Hoppe, P., Jehin, E., Jorda, L., King, A., Kleine, T., Lamy, P., Lasue, J., Le Guillou, C., Leroux, H., Leya, I., Magna, T., Marrocchi, Y., Morlok, A., Mousis, O., Palomba, E., Piani, L., Quirico, E., Remusat, L., Roskosz, M., Rubin, M., Russell, S., Schönbächler, M., Thomas, N., Villeneuve, J., Vinogradoff, V., Wurz, P., and Zanda, B.
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- 2022
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5. New Directions for an Experimental Approach to the Chemistry of the Origin of Life
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Danger, G., primary, Le Sergeant d’Hendecourt, L., additional, Vinogradoff, V., additional, and Pascal, R., additional
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- 2022
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6. Scientific rationale for Uranus and Neptune in situ explorations
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Mousis, O., Atkinson, D. H., Cavalié, T., Fletcher, L. N., Amato, M. J., Aslam, S., Ferri, F., Renard, J. -B., Spilker, T., Venkatapathy, E., Wurz, P., Aplin, K., Coustenis, A., Deleuil, M., Dobrijevic, M., Fouchet, T., Guillot, T., Hartogh, P., Hewagama, T., Hofstadter, M. D., Hue, V., Hueso, R., Lebreton, J. -P., Lellouch, E., Moses, J., Orton, G. S., Pearl, J. C., Sanchez-Lavega, A., Simon, A., Venot, O., Waite, J. H., Achterberg, R. K., Atreya, S., Billebaud, F., Blanc, M., Borget, F., Brugger, B., Charnoz, S., Chiavassa, T., Cottini, V., d'Hendecourt, L., Danger, G., Encrenaz, T., Gorius, N. J. P., Jorda, L., Marty, B., Moreno, R., Morse, A., Nixon, C., Reh, K., Ronnet, T., Schmider, F. -X., Sheridan, S., Sotin, C., Vernazza, P., and Villanueva, G. L.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
The ice giants Uranus and Neptune are the least understood class of planets in our solar system but the most frequently observed type of exoplanets. Presumed to have a small rocky core, a deep interior comprising ~70% heavy elements surrounded by a more dilute outer envelope of H2 and He, Uranus and Neptune are fundamentally different from the better-explored gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. Because of the lack of dedicated exploration missions, our knowledge of the composition and atmospheric processes of these distant worlds is primarily derived from remote sensing from Earth-based observatories and space telescopes. As a result, Uranus's and Neptune's physical and atmospheric properties remain poorly constrained and their roles in the evolution of the Solar System not well understood. Exploration of an ice giant system is therefore a high-priority science objective as these systems (including the magnetosphere, satellites, rings, atmosphere, and interior) challenge our understanding of planetary formation and evolution. Here we describe the main scientific goals to be addressed by a future in situ exploration of an ice giant. An atmospheric entry probe targeting the 10-bar level, about 5 scale heights beneath the tropopause, would yield insight into two broad themes: i) the formation history of the ice giants and, in a broader extent, that of the Solar System, and ii) the processes at play in planetary atmospheres. The probe would descend under parachute to measure composition, structure, and dynamics, with data returned to Earth using a Carrier Relay Spacecraft as a relay station. In addition, possible mission concepts and partnerships are presented, and a strawman ice-giant probe payload is described. An ice-giant atmospheric probe could represent a significant ESA contribution to a future NASA ice-giant flagship mission., Comment: Submitted to Planetary and Space Science
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- 2017
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7. Exploring the link between molecular cloud ices and chondritic organic matter in laboratory
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Danger, G., Vinogradoff, V., Matzka, M., Viennet, J-C., Remusat, L., Bernard, S., Ruf, A., Le Sergeant d’Hendecourt, L., and Schmitt-Kopplin, P.
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- 2021
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8. Linear/circular spectropolarimetry of diffuse interstellar bands
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Cox, N. L. J., Ehrenfreund, P., Foing, B. H., d'Hendecourt, L., Salama, F., and Sarre, P. J.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Context. The identification of the carriers of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) remains one of the long-standing mysteries in astronomy. The detection of a polarisation signal in a DIB profile can be used to distinguish between a dust or gas-phase carrier. The polarisation profile can give additional information on the grain or molecular properties of the absorber. In order to detect and measure the linear and circular polarisation of the DIBs we observed reddened lines of sight showing continuum polarisation. For this study we selected two stars HD 197770 and HD 194279. We used high-resolution (R~64.000) spectropolarimetry in the wavelength range from 3700 to 10480 Angstrom with the ESPaDOnS echelle spectrograph mounted at the CFHT. Results. High S/N and high resolution Stokes V (circular), Q and U (linear) spectra were obtained. We constrained upper limits by a factor of 10 for previously observed DIBs. Furthermore, we analysed ~30 additional DIBs for which no spectropolarimetry data has been obtained before. This included the 9577 A DIB and the 8621 A DIB. Conclusions. The lack of polarisation in 45 DIB profiles suggests that none of the absorption lines is induced by a grain-type carrier. The strict upper limits, less than ~0.01%, derived for the observed lines-of-sight imply that if DIBs are due to gas-phase molecules these carriers have polarisation efficiencies which are at least 6 times, and up to 300 times, smaller than those predicted for grain-related carriers., Comment: 6 pages + 13 pages online material, submitted to A&A
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- 2011
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9. The origin of GEMS in IDPs as deduced from microstructural evolution of amorphous silicates with annealing
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Davoisne, C., Djouadi, Z., Leroux, H., d'Hendecourt, L., Jones, A., and Deboffle, D.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We present laboratory studies of the micro-structural evolution of an amorphous ferro-magnesian silicate, of olivine composition, following thermal annealing under vacuum. Annealing under vacuum was performed at temperatures ranging from 870 to 1020 K. After annealing spheroidal metallic nano-particles (2-50 nm) are found within the silicate films. We interpret this microstructure in terms of a reduction of the initial amorphous silicate FeO component, because of the carbon-rich partial pressure in the furnace due to pumping mechanism. Annealing in a controlled oxygen-rich atmosphere confirms this interpretation. The observed microstructures closely resemble those of the GEMS (Glass with Embedded Metal and Sulphides) found in chondritic IDPs (Interplanetary Dust Particles). Since IDPs contain abundant carbonaceous matter, a solid-state reduction reaction may have occurred during heating in the hot inner regions of the proto-solar disc. Related to this, the presence of forsterite grains grown from the amorphous precursor material clearly demonstrates that condensation from gaseous species is not required to explain the occurrence of forsterite around young protostars and in comets. Forsterite grains in these environments can be formed directly in the solid phase by thermal annealing of amorphous ferro-magnesian silicates under reducing conditions., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication A&A Letter to the Editor
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- 2006
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10. VLT-ISAAC 3-5 micron spectroscopy of embedded young low-mass stars. III. Intermediate-mass sources in Vela
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Thi, W. F., van Dishoeck, E. F., Dartois, E., Pontoppidan, K. M., Schutte, W. A., Ehrenfreund, P., d'Hendecourt, L., and Fraser, H. J.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We performed a spectroscopic survey toward five intermediate-mass class I YSOs located in the Southern Vela molecular cloud in the L and M bands at resolving powers 600-800 up to 10,000, using the Infrared Spectrometer and Array Camera mounted on the VLT-ANTU. Lower mass companion objects were observed simultaneously in both bands. Solid H2O at 3 micron is detected in all sources, including the companion objects. CO ice at 4.67 micron is detected in a few main targets and one companion object. One object (LLN 19) shows little CO ice but strong gas-phase CO ro-vibrational lines in absorption. The CO ice profiles are different from source to source. The amount of water ice and CO ice trapped in a water-rich mantle may correlate with the flux ratio at 12 and 25 micron. The abundance of H2O-rich CO likely correlates with that of water ice. A weak feature at 3.54 mu attributed to solid CH3OH and a broad feature near 4.62 mu are observed toward LLN17, but not toward the other sources. The derived abundances of solid CH3OH and OCN- are ~10% and ~1% of the H2O ice abundance respectively. The H2O optical depths do not show an increase with envelope mass, nor do they show lower values for the companion objects compared with the main protostar. The line-of-sight CO ice abundance does not correlate with the source bolometric luminosity. Comparison of the solid CO profile toward LLN17, which shows an extremely broad CO ice feature, and that of its lower mass companion at a few thousand AU, which exhibits a narrow profile, together with the detection of OCN- toward LLN17 provide direct evidences for local thermal processing of the ice., Comment: Replace wrong files. Accepted by A&A, 22 pages, 18 figures
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- 2005
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11. Scientific rationale for Uranus and Neptune in situ explorations
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Mousis, O., Atkinson, D.H., Cavalié, T., Fletcher, L.N., Amato, M.J., Aslam, S., Ferri, F., Renard, J.-B., Spilker, T., Venkatapathy, E., Wurz, P., Aplin, K., Coustenis, A., Deleuil, M., Dobrijevic, M., Fouchet, T., Guillot, T., Hartogh, P., Hewagama, T., Hofstadter, M.D., Hue, V., Hueso, R., Lebreton, J.-P., Lellouch, E., Moses, J., Orton, G.S., Pearl, J.C., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Simon, A., Venot, O., Waite, J.H., Achterberg, R.K., Atreya, S., Billebaud, F., Blanc, M., Borget, F., Brugger, B., Charnoz, S., Chiavassa, T., Cottini, V., d'Hendecourt, L., Danger, G., Encrenaz, T., Gorius, N.J.P., Jorda, L., Marty, B., Moreno, R., Morse, A., Nixon, C., Reh, K., Ronnet, T., Schmider, F.-X., Sheridan, S., Sotin, C., Vernazza, P., and Villanueva, G.L.
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- 2018
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12. Organic matter in Seyfert2 nuclei : comparison with our Galactic center lines of sight
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Dartois, E., Marco, O., Muñoz-Caro, G. M., Brooks, K., Deboffle, D., and d'Hendecourt, L.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We present ESO - Very Large Telescope and ESA - Infrared Space Observatory 3 to 4 $\mu$m spectra of Seyfert 2 nuclei as compared to our galactic center lines of sight. The diffuse interstellar medium probed in both environments displays the characteristic 3.4 $\mu$m aliphatic CH stretch absorptions of refractory carbonaceous material. The profile of this absorption feature is similar in all sources, indicating the CH$_2$/CH$_3$ ratios of the carbon chains present in the refractory components of the grains are the same in Seyfert 2 inner regions. At longer wavelengths the circumstellar contamination of most of the galactic lines of sight precludes the identification of other absorption bands arising from the groups constitutive of the aliphatics seen at 3.4 $\mu$m. The clearer continuum produced by the Seyfert 2 nuclei represents promising lines of sight to constrain the existence or absence of strongly infrared active chemical groups such as the carbonyl one, important to understand the role of oxygen insertion in interstellar grains. The Spitzer Space Telescope spectrometer will soon allow one to investigate the importance of aliphatics on a much larger extragalactic sample., Comment: 10 pages. Accepted for publication on April 30th 2004 in Astronomy and Astrophysics
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- 2004
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13. A 3-5 micron VLT spectroscopic survey of embedded young low mass stars I: Structure of the CO ice
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Pontoppidan, K. M., Fraser, H. J., Dartois, E., Thi, W. -F., van Dishoeck, E. F., Boogert, A. C. A., d'Hendecourt, L., Tielens, A. G. G. M., and Bisschop, S. E.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
Medium resolution (lambda/Delta lambda = 5000-10000) VLT-ISAAC M-band spectra are presented of 39 young stellar objects in nearby low-mass star forming clouds showing the 4.67 micron stretching vibration mode of solid CO. By taking advantage of the unprecedentedly large sample, high S/N ratio and high spectral resolution, similarities in the ice profiles from source to source are identified. It is found that excellent fits to all the spectra can be obtained using a phenomenological decomposition of the CO stretching vibration profile at 4.67 micron into 3 components. All observed interstellar CO profiles can thus be uniquely described by a model depending on only 3 linear fit parameters, indicating that a maximum of 3 specific molecular environments of solid CO exist under astrophysical conditions. A simple physical model of the CO ice is presented, which shows that the 2139.9 cm-1 component is indistinguishable from pure CO ice. It is concluded, that in the majority of the observed lines of sight, 60-90% of the CO is in a nearly pure form. In the same model the 2143.7 cm-1 component can possibly be explained by the longitudinal optical (LO) component of the vibrational transition in pure crystalline CO ice which appears when the background source is linearly polarised. Furthermore the absorption band from solid 13CO at 2092 cm-1 is detected towards IRS 51 in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex and an isotopic ratio of 12CO/13CO=68+/-10 is derived. It is shown that all the observed solid 12CO profiles, along with the solid 13CO profile, are consistent with grains with an irregularly shaped CO ice mantle simulated by a Continuous Distribution of Ellipsoids (CDE), but inconsistent with the commonly used models of spherical grains in the Rayleigh limit. [Abstract abridged], Comment: 30 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Preprint w. high res figures available at http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/~pontoppi/ms3823.pdf
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- 2003
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14. Detection of abundant solid methanol toward young low mass stars
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Pontoppidan, K. M., Dartois, E., van Dishoeck, E. F., Thi, W. -F., and d'Hendecourt, L.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We present detections of the absorption band at 3.53 micron due to solid methanol toward three low-mass young stellar objects located in the Serpens and Chameleon molecular cloud complexes. The sources were observed as part of a large spectroscopic survey of ~40 protostars. This is the first detection of solid methanol in the vicinity of low mass (M <1 Msol) young stars and shows that the formation of methanol does not depend on the proximity of massive young stars. The abundances of solid methanol compared to water ice for the three sources are in the range 15-25% which is comparable to those for the most methanol-rich massive sources known. The presence of abundant methanol in the circumstellar environment of some low mass young stars has important consequences for the formation scenarios of methanol and more complex organic species near young solar-type stars., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A letters
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- 2003
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15. Detection of abundant solid CO in the disk around CRBR 2422.8-3423
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Thi, W. F., Pontoppidan, K. M., van Dishoeck, E. F., Dartois, E., and d'Hendecourt, L.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
We present direct evidence for CO freeze-out in a circumstellar disk around the edge-on class I object CRBR 2422.8-3423, observed in the M band with VLT-ISAAC at a resolving power R~10,000. The spectrum shows strong solid CO absorption, with a lower limit on the column density of 2.2E18 cm-2. The solid CO column is the highest observed so far, including high-mass protostars and background field stars. Absorption by foreground cloud material likely accounts for less than 10% percent of the total solid CO, based on the weakness of solid CO absorption toward nearby sources and the absence of gaseous C18O J=2-1 emission 30'' south. Gas-phase ro-vibrational CO absorption lines are also detected with a mean temperature of 50 +/-10 K. The average gas/solid CO ratio is ~1 along the line of sight. For an estimated inclination of 20 +/- 5 degree, the solid CO absorption originates mostly in the cold, shielded outer part of the flaring disk, consistent with the predominance of apolar solid CO in the spectrum and the non-detection of solid OCN-, a thermal/ultraviolet processing of the ice mantle. The gaseous CO comes from the warm upper layers closer to the star., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figues, accepted for publication in A&A Letters
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- 2002
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16. Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC
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van Dishoeck, E. F., Dartois, E., Thi, W. F., d'Hendecourt, L., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Ehrenfreund, P., Schutte, W. A., Pontoppidan, K., Demyk, K., Keane, J., and Boogert, A. C. A.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
The first results from a VLT-ISAAC program on L- and M-band infrared spectroscopy of deeply-embedded young stellar objects are presented. The advent of 8-m class telescopes allows high S/N spectra of low-luminosity sources to be obtained. In our first observing run, low- and medium-resolution spectra have been measured toward a dozen objects, mostly in the Vela and Chamaeleon molecular clouds. The spectra show strong absorption of H2O and CO ice, as well as weak features at `3.47' and 4.62 mu. No significant solid CH3OH feature at 3.54 mu is found, indicating that the CH3OH/H2O ice abundance is lower than toward some massive protostars. Various evolutionary diagnostics are investigated for a set of sources in Vela., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in The Origins of Stars and Planets: the VLT View, eds. J. Alves, M. McCaughrean (Springer Verlag)
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- 2001
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17. On correlations between diffuse interstellar bands
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Moutou, C., Krelowski, J., d'Hendecourt, L., and Jamroszczak, J.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
One way to better apprehend the problem of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) is to search for correlations between the bands in a large sample of spectra towards various lines of sight: a strict correlation may imply that a common carrier is at the origin of the bands, whereas a non-correlation means that different species are involved. We propose this observational test for 10 DIBs collected in up to 62 Galactic lines of sight. Strong DIBs do not strictly correlate, and sometimes the correlation is very poor. Only one example of a strict correlation has been found in our sample between the DIBs at 6614 and 6196 A, that could significate a single carrier for those two bands. The general absence of strict correlations is discussed in the context of molecular carriers for the DIBs.
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- 1999
18. Interstellar nanodiamonds: the carriers of mid-infrared emission bands?
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Jones, A. P. and d'Hendecourt, L.
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Astrophysics - Abstract
In this paper we pursue the natural consequences of the structure of nanodiamonds and their surface relaxation and reconstruction to surfaces exhibiting sp2 carbon atoms. We show that in the interstellar radiation field nanodiamonds can be stochastically heated to temperatures as high as 1000 K and give rise to discrete emission bands associated with the surface structures. We therefore speculate that nanodiamonds can make a significant contribution towards the 3-15 micron unidentified mid-infrared emission bands., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 20 December 1999
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- 1999
19. New Directions for an Experimental Approach to the Chemistry of the Origin of Life
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Danger, Grégoire, Le Sergeant D’hendecourt, L., Vinogradoff, V., Pascal, R., Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Michele Fiore
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[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other - Abstract
International audience; Organic matter is formed in molecular clouds from which planetary systems arise as well as in planetary environments. Most of these locations are not likely to harbour life, questioning the genuine prebiotic character of the corresponding chemistry and its relevance to the origin of life. The formation of organic matter does therefore not necessarily constitute a systemic trend towards life in our Universe. However, its sluggish reactivity at low temperatures is likely to have allowed the delivery of volatile elements essential for life at the surface of planets like the Earth. Kinetic selection may also have played a role for sorting specific active species or complex catalytic processes during the self-organization preceding life owing to the kinetic barriers hindering the reactions of covalent bonds and holding the system in a far-from-equilibrium state. As a result of both processes, early environments on telluric planets that exhibit other essential factors, namely, liquid water and light as an energy source, may then become favourable to the origin of life. In both processes, reactivity matters as much, if not more, than structures. Next to focusing on the synthesis of building blocks, emphasis must be placed on reactivity for identifying networks involving autocatalysis, replication, or positive feedback.
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- 2022
20. On the characterization of the “Paris” meteorite using PIXE, RBS and micro-PIXE
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Noun, M., Roumie, M., Calligaro, T., Nsouli, B., Brunetto, R., Baklouti, D., d’Hendecourt, L., and Della-Negra, S.
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- 2013
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21. Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC
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van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Dartois, E., Thi, W. F., d’Hendecourt, L., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Ehrenfreund, P., Schutte, W. A., Pontoppidan, K., Demyk, K., Keane, J., Boogert, A. C. A., Leibundgut, Bruno, editor, Alves, João F., editor, and McCaughrean, Mark J., editor
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- 2002
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22. Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC
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Dishoeck, Ewine F. van, Dartois, E., Thi, W. F., d’Hendecourt, L., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Ehrenfreund, P., Schutte, W. A., Pontoppidan, K., Demyk, K., Keane, J., Boogert, A. C. A., Alves, João F., editor, and McCaughrean, Mark J., editor
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- 2002
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23. Molecular Gas Phase Counterparts to Solid State Grain Mantle Features : implication for gas/grain chemistry
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Dartois, E., D’hendecourt, L., Boulanger, F., Puget, J.-L., Jourdain de Muizon, M., Breitfellner, M., Habing, H. J., Greenberg, J. Mayo, editor, and Li, Aigen, editor
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- 1999
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24. Sample return of primitive matter from the outer Solar System
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Vernazza, P., primary, Beck, P., additional, Ruesch, O., additional, Bischoff, A., additional, Bonal, L., additional, Brennecka, G., additional, Brunetto, R., additional, Busemann, H., additional, Carter, J., additional, Carli, C., additional, Cartier, C., additional, Ciarniello, M., additional, Debaille, V., additional, Delsanti, A., additional, D’Hendecourt, L., additional, Füri, E., additional, Groussin, O., additional, Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., additional, Helbert, J., additional, Hoppe, P., additional, Jehin, E., additional, Jorda, L., additional, King, A., additional, Kleine, T., additional, Lamy, P., additional, Lasue, J., additional, Le Guillou, C., additional, Leroux, H., additional, Leya, I., additional, Magna, T., additional, Marrocchi, Y., additional, Morlok, A., additional, Mousis, O., additional, Palomba, E., additional, Piani, L., additional, Quirico, E., additional, Remusat, L., additional, Roskosz, M., additional, Rubin, M., additional, Russell, S., additional, Schönbächler, M., additional, Thomas, N., additional, Villeneuve, J., additional, Vinogradoff, V., additional, Wurz, P., additional, and Zanda, B., additional
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- 2021
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25. The Project 'spice' : Spectro-Photometric Infrared Celestial Explorer
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Rouan, D., Epchtein, N., De Muizon, M., Lacombe, F., Puget, P., Tiphene, D., Boulanger, F., Desert, X., Guyot, G., D’Hendecourt, L., Lamarre, J-M., Leger, A., Pajot, F., Puget, J-L., Caux, E., Giard, M., Serra, G., Cesarsky, C., Vigroux, L., Omont, A., Epchtein, N., editor, Omont, A., editor, Burton, B., editor, and Persi, P., editor
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- 1994
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26. Small Grains and Large Aromatic Molecules
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Léger, A., D’Hendecourt, L., Verstraete, L., Ehrenfreund, P., Greenberg, J. M., editor, and Pirronello, V., editor
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- 1991
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27. PAHs: Very abundant organic molecules in the interstellar medium
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Léger, A., d'Hendecourt, L., Verstraete, L., Joblin, C., Heidmann, Jean, editor, and Klein, Michael J., editor
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- 1991
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28. Irradiation dose affects the composition of organic refractory materials in space: results from laboratory analogues
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Urso, Riccardo Giovanni, Vuitton, Veronique, Le Sergeant d’Hendecourt, L., Flandinet, Laurene, Djouadi, Zahia, Mivumbi, O., Orthous-Daunay, François-Regis, Ruff, Alexander, Vinogradoff, Vassilissa, Wolters, Cédric, Brunetto, Rosario, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
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Solid state: refractory ,[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP] ,Kuiper belt: general ,Astrobiology ,Methods: laboratory: solid state ,Astrochemistry - Abstract
International audience; Context. Near-and mid-infrared observations have revealed the presence of organic refractory materials in the solar system, in cometary nuclei and on the surface of centaurs, Kuiper-belt and trans-neptunian objects. In these astrophysical environments, organic materials can be formed because of the interaction of frozen volatile compounds with cosmic rays, stellar/solar particles, and favoured by thermal processing. The analysis of laboratory analogues of such materials gives information on their properties, complementary to observations. Aims. We present new experiments to contribute in the understanding of the chemical composition of organic refractory materials in space. Methods. We bombard frozen water, methanol and ammonia mixtures with 40 keV H + and we warm the by-products up to 300 K. The experiments allow the production of organic residues that we analyse by means of infrared spectroscopy and by Very High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to study their chemical composition and their high molecular diversity, including the presence of hexamethylenetetramine and its derivatives. Results. We find that the accumulated irradiation dose plays a role in determining the residue's composition. Conclusions. Based on the laboratory doses, we estimate the astrophysical timescales to be short enough to induce an efficient formation of organic refractory materials at the surface of icy bodies in the outer solar system.
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- 2020
29. Comparison of the Raman spectra of ion irradiated soot and collected extraterrestrial carbon
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Brunetto, R., Pino, T., Dartois, E., Cao, A.-T., D'Hendecourt, L., Strazzulla, G., and Brechignac, Ph.
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Radiation -- Comparative analysis ,Raman spectroscopy -- Comparative analysis ,Solar system -- Comparative analysis ,Ionization -- Comparative analysis ,Meteorites -- Comparative analysis ,Heterocyclic compounds -- Comparative analysis ,Astronomy ,Earth sciences - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.11.004 Byline: R. Brunetto (a), T. Pino (b), E. Dartois (a), A.-T. Cao (b), L. d'Hendecourt (a), G. Strazzulla (c), Ph. Brechignac (b) Keywords: Spectroscopy; Experimental techniques; Interplanetary dust; Meteorites; Comet Wild-2 Abstract: We use a low pressure flame to produce soot by-products as possible analogues of the carbonaceous dust present in diverse astrophysical environments, such as circumstellar shells, diffuse interstellar medium, planetary disks, as well as in our own Solar System. Several soot samples, displaying an initial chemical diversity from aromatic to aliphatic dominated material, are irradiated with 200-400 keV H.sup.+, He.sup.+, and Ar.sup.++ ions, with fluences comprised between 10.sup.14 and 10.sup.16 ions/cm.sup.2, to simulate expected radiation induced modification on extraterrestrial carbon. The evolution of the samples is monitored using Raman spectroscopy, before, during, and after irradiation. A detailed analysis of the first- and second-order Raman spectra is performed, using a fitting combination of Lorentzian and/or Gaussian-shaped bands. Upon irradiation, the samples evolve toward an amorphous carbon phase. The results suggest that the observed variations are more related to vacancy formation than ionization processes. A comparison with Raman spectra of extraterrestrial organic matter and other irradiation experiments of astrophysically relevant carbonaceous materials is presented. The results are consistent with previous experiments showing mostly amorphization of various carbonaceous materials. Irradiated soots have Raman spectra similar to those of some meteorites, IDPs, and Comet Wild 2 grains collected by the Stardust mission. Since the early-Sun expected irradiation fluxes sufficient for amorphization are compatible with accretion timescales, our results support the idea that insoluble organic matter (IOM) observed in primitive meteorites has experienced irradiation-induced amorphization prior to the accretion of the parent bodies, emphasizing the important role played by early solar nebula processing. Author Affiliation: (a) Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, UMR-8617, Universite Paris-Sud, bAcentstiment 121, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France (b) Laboratoire de Photophysique Moleculaire,.sup.1 1 Laboratoire associe a l'Universite Paris-Sud et a la federation de recherche Lumiere Matiere. CNRS, UPR-3361, bAcentstiment 210, Universite Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France (c) INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, via S. Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy Article History: Received 6 October 2008; Revised 18 November 2008; Accepted 20 November 2008
- Published
- 2009
30. Ion irradiation of astrophysically relevant frozen mixtures with INGMAR-T
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Urso, R. G., Alemanno, G., Baklouti, D., Borondics, F., Djouadi, Z., D'Hendecourt, L., Maupin, R., Mivumbi, O., Brunetto, R., d’Hendecourt, L., Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and FRA
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Materials science ,Astrochemistry ,astrobiology ,Planetare Labore ,solar system: formation ,02 engineering and technology ,Methods laboratory ,01 natural sciences ,Ion ,methods: laboratory ,0103 physical sciences ,Irradiation ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Range (particle radiation) ,astrochemistry ,comets: general ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Ion bombardment ,ISM: molecules ,Reflection (mathematics) ,(ISM:) cosmic rays ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,Atomic physics ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Laboratory experiments are essential to support the interpretation of astronomical observations and space mission data. Here we present a new experimental setup to characterize in the Vis-MIR range in both reflection and transmission modes astrophysically-relevant frozen volatiles deposited at low temperature and exposed to ion bombardment.
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- 2019
31. One possible origin of ethanol in interstellar medium: Photochemistry of mixed CO 2–C 2H 6 films at 11 K. A FTIR study
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Schriver, A., Schriver-Mazzuoli, L., Ehrenfreund, P., and d’Hendecourt, L.
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- 2007
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32. Laboratory experiments to unveil the molecular reactivity occurring during the processing of ices in the protosolar nebula
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Gautier, T., primary, Danger, G., additional, Mousis, O., additional, Duvernay, F., additional, Vuitton, V., additional, Flandinet, L., additional, Thissen, R., additional, Orthous-Daunay, F.-R., additional, Ruf, A., additional, Chiavassa, T., additional, and S. d'Hendecourt, L., additional
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- 2020
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33. Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC
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Dishoeck, Ewine F. van, primary, Dartois, E., additional, Thi, W. F., additional, d’Hendecourt, L., additional, Tielens, A. G. G. M., additional, Ehrenfreund, P., additional, Schutte, W. A., additional, Pontoppidan, K., additional, Demyk, K., additional, Keane, J., additional, and Boogert, A. C. A., additional
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- 2003
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34. The origin of biomolecular asymmetry – Insights from cometary and meteoritic matter
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Meinert C., Meierhenrich U.J., Nahon L., Hoffmann S.V., and le Sergeant d’Hendecourt L.
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The chemistry of life is purely stereospecific. The fundamental biopolymers – proteins and nucleic acids – are intrinsically chiral due to their molecular building blocks, namely L-amino acids and D-sugars. Hypotheses for the evolutionary origin of that strict stereochemical selection include the asymmetric photochemistry model by which circularly polarized (CP) photons induced an enantiomeric excess in chiral organic molecules via asymmetric photolysis. The transfer of a distinct chirality from chiral photons to organic molecules is assumed to have occurred in environments of interstellar molecular clouds. This model is strengthened by the observation of CP light in the star-forming region of Orion. Due to our laboratory experiments mimicking cometary ice evolution, we show that molecules of prebiotic interest such as amino and diamino acids are formed in inter/protostellar environments and might have been subjected to CP vacuum-UV radiation before and during their space journey to the early Earth.
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- 2014
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35. MICMOC/MICMOS: Photochemistry of van der Waals solids and the rise of the organic molecular complexity
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Sergeant d’Hendecourt L. Le, Marcellus P. de, and Modica P.
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Ices of well-known composition are widely observed in molecular clouds out of which stars, planets and debris (asteroids, comets) will form. These ices are naturally subjected to energy input in the form of UV photons and charged cosmic particles which are able to start a very rich radical chemistry in the solid state. These phenomena are simulated in the MICMOC experiment which focuses on the possible prebiotic significance of the organic residues that are formed at room temperature. Further than MICMOC, we propose a general prospective of the evolution of this experiment toward the concept of non-directed experiments that may allow simulating the very first steps from the inanimate molecular world to selective pathways toward self-replicating autocatalytic and heterotrophic molecules that could be considered, for a physicist a template for “minimal” life.
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- 2014
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36. Ices in Star-Forming Regions: First Results from VLT-ISAAC
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van Dishoeck, Ewine F., primary, Dartois, E., additional, Thi, W. F., additional, d’Hendecourt, L., additional, Tielens, A. G. G. M., additional, Ehrenfreund, P., additional, Schutte, W. A., additional, Pontoppidan, K., additional, Demyk, K., additional, Keane, J., additional, and Boogert, A. C. A., additional
- Published
- 2002
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37. ISO observations of interstellar ices and implications for comets
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Ehrenfreund, P., d'Hendecourt, L., Dartois, E., Jourain de Muizon, M., Breitfellner, M., Puget, J.L., and Habing, H.J.
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Interstellar matter -- Observations ,Ice -- Observations ,Comets -- Research ,Astronomy ,Earth sciences - Abstract
We report on first ISO observations of interstellar ices in the direction of the protostellar object RAFGL 7009S. Due to its extreme extinction this source represents a unique target for the detection of interstellar ices. Identified molecules include [H.sub.2]O, CO, and C[O.sub.2] together with 13C[O.sub.2], C[H.sub.4], OCS, and [H.sub.2]CO. Other less firmly identified features are observed that appear in laboratory spectra of interstellar ice analogs. The evolution of interstellar dust grains plays an active role in interstellar chemistry and determines solid state and gas phase abundances. During their lifetime dust grains cycle between dense and diffuse clouds and undergo considerable metamorphism. Comets are likely the least evolved bodies in the Solar System and comet nuclei may be low density aggregates of interstellar dust. An important constraint for the origin and evolution of comets can be derived. from the presence of pre-solar ices and organics. To study volatiles and grains in the cometary coma is one of the future goals of the ROSETTA comet rendezvous mission. In comparison with new ISO data we present laboratory studies on interstellar ice analogs which reveal the composition and structure of ices in dense molecular clouds. We discuss the ubiquitous presence and high abundances of interstellar C[O.sub.2] ice in the cometary context and estimate column densities of molecules such as C[H.sub.4], [H.sub.2]CO, and OCS which provide important constraints on the origin of cometary ices and for cometary evolution.
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- 1997
38. From interstellar matter to comets: Elemental abundances in interstellar dust and in comet Halley
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Encrenaz, Th., Puget, J. L., and Hendecourt, L. D.
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- 1991
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39. Interstellar and Meteoritic Organic Matter At 3.4 μm
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Ehrenfreund, P., Robert, F., d’Hendecourt, L., Behar, F., and Singh, P. D., editor
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- 1992
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40. On the Possible Detection of Solid O2 in Interstellar Grains
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Ehrenfreund, P., Breukers, R., d’Hendecourt, L., Greenberg, J. M., and Singh, P. D., editor
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- 1992
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41. Search for the 4430 Å DIB in the Spectrum of Coronene
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Ehrenfreund, P., d’Hendecourt, L., Verstraete, L., Leger, A., Schmidt, W., and Singh, P. D., editor
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- 1992
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42. Molecular complexity in astrophysical environments: From astrochemistry to 'astrobiology'?
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d’Hendecourt L. Le Sergeant
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
I present in this paper my own view about the intricate problem between the evolution of molecular complexity as observed from an astrophysicist point of view and its possible relation to the problem of the origin of life as we know it on Earth. Using arguments from observational astrophysics, I propose that life cannot really be based on other elements that the ones organizing our own so that other life forms based on totally different elemental and molecular processes are highly improbable. As a consequence terrestrial-type environments are probably the most favorable ones to life’s “emergence” and subsequent evolution. Discussing molecular (organic) complexity, I show where this molecular complexity is located in astrophysical environments, mostly within inter/circumstellar solid state materials known as “grains” which, at least partly, end up in comets and asteroids and finally on planetary surfaces as meteorites. Considerations based on non directed laboratory simulations experiments, recent results regarding chiral asymmetry in potentially prebiotic matter and the possible explanation to the determinism about the choice of the L sign of the enantiomeric excesses in meteoritic amino acids, following a plausible astrophysical scenario, lead to the idea that the origin of life on Earth was indeed the result of a rather deterministic phenomenon, albeit difficult if not impossible to apprehend in its intimate mechanisms via a complete understanding of all the processes involved. Finally, the crucial point in supporting the idea of life’s ubiquity and wide distribution in our Galaxy (or universe?) lies in the fact that planetary evolution, another astrophysical argument, is a major and very strong constraint for the development of life above its “minimal definition”. Life, particularly the complex and evolved one, could be indeed very rare in our Galaxy, although the very large number of exoplanets may be a counter-argument to this statement. However, the deterministic nature of the processes at the origin of life on Earth, the only example we know, together with the progressively increased knowledge of the early conditions on telluric (exo)-planets and in particular those on our primitive Earth, where life did indeed appear, may render possible, in a near future, a semi-quantitative estimate of its occurrence in our Galaxy as well as major improvements in the field of prebiotic chemistry, possibly linked to the one of astrochemistry.
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- 2012
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43. The Project “spice”
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Rouan, D., primary, Epchtein, N., additional, De Muizon, M., additional, Lacombe, F., additional, Puget, P., additional, Tiphene, D., additional, Boulanger, F., additional, Desert, X., additional, Guyot, G., additional, D’Hendecourt, L., additional, Lamarre, J-M., additional, Leger, A., additional, Pajot, F., additional, Puget, J-L., additional, Caux, E., additional, Giard, M., additional, Serra, G., additional, Cesarsky, C., additional, Vigroux, L., additional, and Omont, A., additional
- Published
- 1994
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44. New Observations of Infrared Astronomical Bands: IRAS-LRS and 3μm Ground-Based Spectra
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de Muizon, M., d’Hendecourt, L. B., Geballe, T. R., Léger, A., editor, d’Hendecourt, L., editor, and Boccara, N., editor
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- 1987
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45. Identification of PAHs in Astronomical IR Spectra- Implications
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Léger, A., d’Hendecourt, L., Léger, A., editor, d’Hendecourt, L., editor, and Boccara, N., editor
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- 1987
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46. Detection of the overtone of the 3.3 micron emission feature in IRAS 21282+5050
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Geballe, T. R, Joblin, C, D'Hendecourt, L. B, De Muizon, M. Jourdain, Tielens, A. G. G. M, and Leger, A
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Abstract
The 1.6-1.8 micron spectrum of the planetary nebula, IRAS 21282+5050, a strong emitter of the unidentified interstellar bands, contains a 0.02 micron wide eimission feature centered at 1.680 micron, which is well matched by laboratory spectra of the 0-2 CH stretching mode in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We identify the new feature as the overtone of the well-known 3.3 micron band. In view of the high excitation required for emission in this band, the identification indicates that the emission is by free molecules rather than molecular moieties in solid dust grains. Modeling of the intensity ratio of the 2-0 to 1-0 band implied that the PAHs emitting in these bands contain about 60 carbon atoms. It is inferred that the nu = 2-1 hot band of the CH stretching mode occurs at about 3.43 micron and contributes to the long-wavelength shoulder of the 3.40 micron feature. The main 3.40 micron feature probably is due to aliphatic sidegroups on PAH molecules.
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- 1994
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47. Earth as a Tool for Astrobiology:A European Perspective
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Martins, Z., Cottin, H., Kotler, J.M., Carrasco, N., Cockell, C.S., delaTorreNoetzel, R., Demets, R., de Vera, J.-P., d’Hendecourt, L., Ehrenfreund, P., Elsaesser, A., Foing, B., Onofri, S., Quinn, R., Rabbow, E., Rettberg, P., Ricco, A.J., Slenzka, K., Stalport, F., tenKate, I.L., van Loon, J.J.W.A., Westall, F., Petrology, Department of Earth Science and Technology [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chemical Analysis Facility (CAF), University of Reading (UOR), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, INTA Departamento de Observación de la Tierra, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Policy Institute [Washington], The George Washington University (GW), Experimental Molecular Biophysics [Berlin], Fachbereich Physik [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin-Freie Universität Berlin, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), DLR Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Köln] (DLR), OHB Systems AG, Department of Earth Sciences [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), ESA, CNES, ANR, CNRS (CNRS-MI-2014), European Project: 636829,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,PRIMCHEM(2015), European Project: 607297,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,MASE(2014), Fachbereich Physik [Freie Univeristät Berlin] | Department of Physics [Freie Univeristät Berlin], Orbitale Hochtechnologie Bremen (OHB Systems AG), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Cardon, Catherine, Primitive chemistry in planetary atmospheres: From the upper atmosphere down to the surface - PRIMCHEM - - H20202015-09-01 - 2020-09-01 - 636829 - VALID, Mars Analogues for Space Exploration - MASE - - EC:FP7:SPA2014-01-01 - 2018-01-01 - 607297 - VALID, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Oral Pathology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Restoration and Development, The Royal Society, Petrology, MKA VUmc (ORM, ACTA), and Maxillofacial Surgery (VUmc)
- Subjects
Engineering ,Solar System ,planetary field analogues ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Exoplanetology ,astrobiology ,Field test campaigns ,[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP] ,[SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP] ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Astrobiology ,Planet ,0103 physical sciences ,Exobiology ,Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets ,field test campaigns ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Astrochemistry ,exobiology ,business.industry ,astrochemistry ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Laboratory analogues ,Field (geography) ,EXPOSE ,Outreach ,laboratory analogues ,0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences ,Planetary science ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Planetary field analogues ,business - Abstract
International audience; Scientists use the Earth as a tool for astrobiology by analyzing planetary field analogues (i.e. terrestrial samples and field sites that resemble planetary bodies in our Solar System). In addition, they expose the selected planetary field analogues in simulation chambers to conditions that mimic the ones of planets, moons and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space conditions, as well as the chemistry occurring in interstellar and cometary ices. This paper reviews the ways the Earth is used by astrobiologists: (i) by conducting planetary field analogue studies to investigate extant life from extreme environments, its metabolisms, adaptation strategies and modern biosignatures; (ii) by conducting planetary field analogue studies to investigate extinct life from the oldest rocks on our planet and its biosignatures; (iii) by exposing terrestrial samples to simulated space or planetary environments and producing a sample analogue to investigate changes in minerals, biosignatures and microorganisms. The European Space Agency (ESA) created a topical team in 2011 to investigate recent activities using the Earth as a tool for astrobiology and to formulate recommendations and scientific needs to improve ground-based astrobiological research. Space is an important tool for astrobiology (see Horneck et al. in Astrobiology, 16:201–243, 2016; Cottin et al., 2017), but access to space is limited. Complementing research on Earth provides fast access, more replications and higher sample throughput. The major conclusions of the topical team and suggestions for the future include more scientifically qualified calls for field campaigns with planetary analogy, and a centralized point of contact at ESA or the EU for the organization of a survey of such expeditions. An improvement of the coordinated logistics, infrastructures and funding system supporting the combination of field work with planetary simulation investigations, as well as an optimization of the scientific return and data processing, data storage and data distribution is also needed. Finally, a coordinated EU or ESA education and outreach program would improve the participation of the public in the astrobiological activities.
- Published
- 2017
48. Synchrotron infrared microscopy of micron-sized extraterrestrial grains
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Raynal, P.I, Quirico, E, Borg, J, Deboffle, D, Dumas, P, d 'Hendecourt, L, Bibring, J.-P, and Langevin, Y
- Published
- 2000
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49. Noble Gas Abundance Ratios Indicate the Agglomeration of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko from Warmed-up Ice
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Mousis, O., primary, Ronnet, T., additional, Lunine, J. I., additional, Luspay-Kuti, A., additional, Mandt, K. E., additional, Danger, G., additional, Pauzat, F., additional, Ellinger, Y., additional, Wurz, P., additional, Vernazza, P., additional, and Sergeant d’Hendecourt, L. Le, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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50. The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites
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Modica, P., primary, Martins, Z., additional, Meinert, C., additional, Zanda, B., additional, and d’Hendecourt, L. L. S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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