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This research aimed to carry out a literature review about gallbladder affections in dogs, the organ in question plays the role of emulsifying fat from food. Given this, the conditions addressed correspond to gallbladder mucocele, cholelithiasis, and cholecystitis. In this context, these diseases are usually incidental findings of unclear etiologies. Predisposing factors are believed to include middle-aged to elderly dogs, with concomitant endocrinopathies, of the Miniature Schnauzer breeds, Miniature Poodle, Shetland Sheepdogs, Cocker Spaniels. Thus, animals may be asymptomatic or have systemic and nonspecific signs. Regarding laboratory alterations, the results are compatible with the pathologies of the Hepatobiliary system. Regarding the diagnosis, abdominal ultrasound is generally very useful and, in some cases, abdominal radiographs. About treatment, surgical intervention is recommended, with laparoscopic cholecystectomy being a safe and effective technique, in cases where it is not possible to perform the surgical procedure, symptomatic therapy is recommended. Therefore, the prognosis is reserved. In summary, this work provides a clear understanding and relevant information about gallbladder affections in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]