1. Ascorbic acid and ascorbyl palmitate-loaded liposomes: Development, characterization, stability evaluation, in vitro security profile, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
- Author
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Favarin FR, Forrati ÉM, Bassoto VA, da Silva Gündel S, Velho MC, Ledur CM, Verdi CM, Lemos JG, Sagrillo MR, Fagan SB, Gündel A, Copetti MV, Santos RCV, de Oliveira Fogaça A, and Ourique AF
- Subjects
- Humans, Bacteria drug effects, Particle Size, Fungi drug effects, Fungi growth & development, Drug Compounding, Ascorbic Acid chemistry, Ascorbic Acid pharmacology, Ascorbic Acid analogs & derivatives, Liposomes chemistry, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants pharmacology, Drug Stability, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Anti-Infective Agents chemistry
- Abstract
The objective of this work was to prepare and characterize liposomes containing co-encapsulated ascorbic acid (AA) and ascorbyl palmitate (AP), as well as to evaluate their stability, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity. Through the pre-formulation studies, it was possible to improve the formulation, as leaving it more stable and with a greater antioxidant activity, resulting in a formulation designated LIP-AAP, with 161 nm vesicle size, 0.215 polydispersity index, -31.7 mV zeta potential, and pH of 3.34. Encapsulation efficiencies were 37% for AA and 79% for AP, and the content was 1 mg/mL for each compound. The optimized liposomes demonstrated stability under refrigeration for 60 days, significant antioxidant activity (31.4 μMol of TE/mL), and non-toxicity, but no antimicrobial effects against bacteria and fungi were observed. These findings confirm that the co-encapsulated liposomes are potent, stable antioxidants that maintain their physical and chemical properties under optimal storage conditions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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