25 results on '"da Silva TB"'
Search Results
2. Jatoba ( Hymenaea courbaril L.) Pod Residue: A Source of Phenolic Compounds as Valuable Biomolecules.
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Del Angelo GL, de Oliveira IS, de Albuquerque BR, Kagueyama SS, Vieira da Silva TB, Dos Santos Filho JR, Dias MI, Pereira C, Calhelha RC, Alves MJ, Ferrari A, Yamaguchi NU, Ferreira Zielinski AA, Bracht A, Peralta RM, and Corrêa RCG
- Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition and a selected group of bioactivities of jatoba ( Hymenaea courbaril L.) pod residue. An aqueous extract (deionized water; AE) and a hydroethanolic extract (ethanol: deionized water, 70:30 v / v ; ETOH) were obtained via maceration. Ten phenolic compounds were characterized via LC-DAD-ESI/MSn: seven procyanidins, two quercetin derivatives and one taxifolin derivative, with dimers and trimers of procyanidins being the main components of both extracts. Total phenolic compound levels of 2.42 ± 0.06 and 11 ± 1 mg/g were found in AE and ETOH, respectively; however, only seven compounds were identified in ETOH. The jatoba pod residue extracts showed notable antioxidant activities: ETOH had greater antioxidant potential in the OxHLIA and DPPH assays (IC
50 = 25.4 μg/mL and 0.71 μg/mL, respectively); however, EA demonstrated greater potential in the FRAP system (IC50 = 2001.0 µM TE/mg). Only AE showed antiproliferative potential, being effective against cell lines of gastric (GI50 = 35 ± 1 µg/mL) and breast (GI50 = 89 ± 4 µg/mL) adenocarcinomas. Likewise, only AE showed modest anti-inflammatory potential (IC50 = 225 ± 2 µg/mL) in mouse macrophages. Bacteriostatic effects against bacteria were exerted by both extracts. Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes (MICs = 2.5 mg/mL) were especially sensitive to the ETOH extract. Taken together, the results suggest potential for jatoba pod residue as a source of molecules with biological activities and with possible industrial applications.- Published
- 2024
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3. Infrared spectroscopy as a new approach for early fabry disease screening: a pilot study.
- Author
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Barretto CT, Nascimento MHC, Brun BF, da Silva TB, Dias PAC, Silva CAB, Singh MN, Martin FL, Filgueiras PR, Romão W, Campos LCG, and Barauna VG
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- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Pilot Projects, Middle Aged, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared methods, Young Adult, Spectrophotometry, Infrared methods, alpha-Galactosidase genetics, Fabry Disease diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder marked by alpha-galactosidase-A (α-Gal A) deficiency, caused by pathogenic mutations in the GLA gene, resulting in the accumulation of glycosphingolipids within lysosomes. The current screening test relies on measuring α-Gal A activity. However, this approach is limited to males. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a technique that can generate fingerprint spectra of a biofluid's molecular composition and has been successfully applied to screen numerous diseases. Herein, we investigate the discriminating vibration profile of plasma chemical bonds in patients with FD using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform IR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy., Results: The Fabry disease group (n = 47) and the healthy control group (n = 52) recruited were age-matched (39.2 ± 16.9 and 36.7 ± 10.9 years, respectively), and females were predominant in both groups (59.6% and 65.4%, respectively). All patients had the classic phenotype (100%), and no late-onset phenotype was detected. A generated partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) classification model, independent of gender, allowed differentiation of samples from FD vs. control groups, reaching 100% sensitivity, specificity and accuracy., Conclusion: ATR-FTIR spectroscopy harnessed to pattern recognition algorithms can distinguish between FD patients and healthy control participants, offering the potential of a fast and inexpensive screening test., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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4. Review of the updated definitions and concepts of spinal lesions in axial spondyloarthritis.
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Massignan Â, Knabben MM, da Silva TB, and Hohgraefe Neto G
- Abstract
Spinal imaging may support the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis when typical findings are recognized in an appropriate clinical context and it can also indicate disease activity. In May 2022, the definitions for inflammatory and structural spinal lesions in axial spondyloarthritis were updated and validated by the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) working group. The aims of this paper are to demonstrate and describe imaging findings of the spine in patients with axial SpA, including the latest updated definitions by the ASAS, and to show complications in patients with long-standing disease., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Skeletal Society (ISS).)
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- 2024
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5. Active intervals between sets and exercise of resistance exercises potentiate the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension in middle-aged hypertensive women.
- Author
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Martins FS, Dos Santos MAP, Simões MDG, da Silva TB, de Araújo IDA, and Silva AS
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- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Blood Pressure physiology, Resistance Training methods, Post-Exercise Hypotension physiopathology, Hypertension physiopathology, Hypertension blood
- Abstract
Background: Walking/run promotes greater post-exercise hypotension (PEH) than resistance exercise (RE) which can be associated nitric oxide production. Then, we investigated if adding walking between RE increases PEH., Methods: Thirteen hypertensive women (48 ± 1.9 years; 26.8 ± 0.3 kg/m
2 ) performed five experimental sessions: 1-traditional RE with passive interval (PIBS); 2-RE with active interval between sets (AIBS); 3-RE with active interval between exercises (AIEX); 4-aerobic exercise (AE); 5-no exercise. Blood pressure was measured before and immediately after exercise and every 10 min of a 60-min post-exercise recovery period. Plasma nitrite (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured., Results: AIBS, AIEX, and AE sessions promoted systolic PEH (12 ± 1.53; 16 ± 2.13; 18 ± 1.34 mmHg, respectively) and diastolic PEH (8 ± 1.38; 8 ± 0.79; 8 ± 0.58 mmHg). In AIBS, AIEX and AE sessions, significant PEH was noted at 10 or 20 min; in PIBS, PEH was significant only at 40 min. In the PIBS session, NO did not change, but presented higher values after AIBS, AIEX and AE sessions. MDA showed no changes between sessions., Conclusions: Passive or active intervals in resistance exercise promote PEH in hypertensive women. Active intervals shorten the PEH onset time as additional benefit., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
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6. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles lack the potency to immunomodulate human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro.
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da Silva TB, Rendra E, David CAW, Bieback K, Cross MJ, Wilm B, Liptrott NJ, and Murray P
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- Humans, Umbilical Cord, Anti-Inflammatory Agents metabolism, Macrophages, Mesenchymal Stem Cells metabolism, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism
- Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to display efficacy in a variety of preclinical models, but without long-term engraftment, suggesting a role for secreted factors, such as MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSCs are known to elicit immunomodulatory effects, an important aspect of which is their ability to affect macrophage phenotype. However, it is not clear if these effects are mediated by MSC-derived EVs, or other factors secreted by the MSCs. Here, we use flow cytometry to assess the effects of human umbilical cord (hUC) MSC-derived EVs on the expression of pro-inflammatory (CD80) and anti-inflammatory (CD163) surface markers in human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). hUC-MSC-derived EVs did not change the surface marker expression of the hMDMs. In contrast, when hMDMs were co-incubated with hUC-MSCs in indirect co-cultures, changes were observed in the expression of CD14, CD80 and CD163, particularly in M1 macrophages, suggesting that soluble factors are necessary to elicit a shift in phenotype. However, even though EVs did not alter the surface marker expression of macrophages, they promoted angiogenesis and phagocytic capacity increased proportionally to increases in EV concentration. Taken together, these results suggest that hUC-MSC-derived EVs are not sufficient to alter macrophage phenotype and that additional MSC-derived factors are needed., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest We declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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7. Histomorphometric evaluation of different graft associations for maxillary sinus elevation in wide antral cavities: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
- Author
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Harlos MM, da Silva TB, Montagner PG, Teixeira LN, Gomes AV, and Martinez EF
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- Bone Transplantation methods, Dental Implantation, Endosseous methods, Humans, Maxilla surgery, Maxillary Sinus pathology, Maxillary Sinus surgery, Osteogenesis, Bone Substitutes therapeutic use, Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Sinus Floor Augmentation methods
- Abstract
Objectives: Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus can make it difficult, if not impossible, to install osseointegrated implants, and undertake their eventual functional rehabilitation, which may ultimately require regenerative techniques to achieve. This randomized controlled study proposed conducting a histological evaluation of the behavior of different graft materials in wide maxillary sinuses, at a height of 8 to 10 mm from the alveolar ridge, combined with bone remnants less than 3mm., Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients underwent a sinus elevation procedure through the lateral window. The sinuses were randomly filled with the following materials (n=12/group): group 1, xenogenic bone + autogenous bone (ratio 70:30, respectively); group 2, xenogenic bone + L-PRF; and group 3, xenogenic bone. At 8 months, bone biopsies of engrafted sites were harvested and analyzed histomorphometrically in order to quantify newly formed bone tissue., Results: The results showed a greater area of newly formed bone for G1, averaging 2678.37 (1116.40) μm
2 , compared with G2 at 984.87 (784.27) μm2 , and G3 at 480.66 (384.76) μm2 (p < 0.05). Additionally, fewer xenogenic bone particles and a large amount of connective tissue were observed in G2., Conclusions: In maxillary sinuses with large antral cavities, autogenous bone combined with xenogenic bone seems to demonstrate better graft remodeling and improve bone formation, compared with the addition of L-PRF., Clinical Relevance: L-PRF produces few advantages regarding new bone formation in the wide maxillary sinuses., Trial Registration: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) number RBR-2pbbrvg., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2022
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8. A Low-Cost Open Source Device for Cell Microencapsulation.
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Pereira MS, Cardoso LMDF, da Silva TB, Teixeira AJ, Mizrahi SE, Ferreira GSM, Dantas FML, Cotta-de-Almeida V, and Alves LA
- Abstract
Microencapsulation is a widely studied cell therapy and tissue bioengineering technique, since it is capable of creating an immune-privileged site, protecting encapsulated cells from the host immune system. Several polymers have been tested, but sodium alginate is in widespread use for cell encapsulation applications, due to its low toxicity and easy manipulation. Different cell encapsulation methods have been described in the literature using pressure differences or electrostatic changes with high cost commercial devices (about 30,000 US dollars). Herein, a low-cost device (about 100 US dollars) that can be created by commercial syringes or 3D printer devices has been developed. The capsules, whose diameter is around 500 µm and can decrease or increase according to the pressure applied to the system, is able to maintain cells viable and functional. The hydrogel porosity of the capsule indicates that the immune system is not capable of destroying host cells, demonstrating that new studies can be developed for cell therapy at low cost with microencapsulation production. This device may aid pre-clinical and clinical projects in low- and middle-income countries and is lined up with open source equipment devices.
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- 2020
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9. Recent Synthetic Approaches towards Small Molecule Reactivators of p53.
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Silva JL, Lima CGS, Rangel LP, Ferretti GDS, Pauli FP, Ribeiro RCB, da Silva TB, da Silva FC, and Ferreira VF
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- Animals, Humans, Mutation genetics, Oncogenes, Signal Transduction drug effects, Small Molecule Libraries chemistry, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, Small Molecule Libraries pharmacology, Synthetic Biology methods, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism
- Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is often called "the genome guardian" and controls the cell cycle and the integrity of DNA, as well as other important cellular functions. Its main function is to trigger the process of apoptosis in tumor cells, and approximately 50% of all cancers are related to the inactivation of the p53 protein through mutations in the TP53 gene. Due to the association of mutant p53 with cancer therapy resistance, different forms of restoration of p53 have been subject of intense research in recent years. In this sense, this review focus on the main currently adopted approaches for activation and reactivation of p53 tumor suppressor function, focusing on the synthetic approaches that are involved in the development and preparation of such small molecules., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2020
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10. Histological and histomorphometric evaluation of efficacy of a polypropylene barrier in guided bone regeneration and modified guided bone regeneration in critical defects in rodent cranial vaults.
- Author
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De Oliveira EL, De Carvalho PSP, and Da Silva TB
- Abstract
Background: The last few years have detailed a number of surgical materials and techniques to stimulate guided bone regeneration (GBR). Polypropylene has been used as a mechanical barrier, intentionally designed to be exposed to the oral environment, isolating the regeneration area, and allowing the blood clot to remain protected in a confined space while pluripotent mesenchymal cells regenerate the alveolar bone tissue., Aim: Due to the lack of studies on polypropylene barriers (PB) (Bone Heal- Bone heal ind. e Com. LTDA - São Paulo, Brazil), this study aimed to evaluate the histological repair process of critical defects (7 mm) made in the rodent cranial vaults comparing its efficacy in GBR and modified GBR., Materials and Methods: A total of 30 rats were divided into three groups. The control group consisted of 10 rats, wounds covered with just a blood clot. The second group consisted of an exposed/uncoated PB at the edges of the wound, and it was removed after 3 days. The third group used submerged PB with coaptation of the wound edges, and it was not removed. Five animals of each group were euthanized at 30 and 90 days postoperative and submitted to microscopic analysis and histomorphometric evaluation., Results: Modified GBR (membrane exposed to the oral medium) provided earlier tissue organization at 30 days; however, the third group presented better bone neoformation at 90 days., Conclusion: Modified GBR provided earlier tissue organization compared with the control group, as well as promoting improved bone neoformation, while regeneration with the submerged membrane presented better bone neoformation in the long term., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2019
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11. Apathy and functional disability in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
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Yassuda MS, Lima da Silva TB, O'Connor CM, Mekala S, Alladi S, Bahia VS, Amaral-Carvalho V, Guimaraes HC, Caramelli P, Balthazar MLF, Damasceno B, Brucki SMD, Nitrini R, Hodges JR, Piguet O, and Mioshi E
- Abstract
Background: Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) has profound consequences on patients and their families. In this multicenter study, we investigated the contribution of cognitive and neuropsychiatric factors to everyday function at different levels of overall functional impairment., Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 109 patients with bvFTD from 4 specialist frontotemporal dementia centers (Australia, England, India, and Brazil) were included. The measures administered evaluated everyday function (Disability Assessment for Dementia [DAD]), dementia staging (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR]), general cognition (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-revised [ACE-R]), and neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory [NPI]). Patients were then subdivided according to functional impairment on the DAD into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe subgroups. Three separate multiple linear regression analyses were run, where (1) total DAD, (2) basic activities of daily living (BADL), and (3) instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scores were dependent variables; ACE-R total score and selected NPI domains (agitation/aggression, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability, aberrant motor behavior) were used as independent variables. Age, sex, education, and country of origin were controlled for in the analyses., Results: Cognitive deficits were similar across the mild, moderate, and severe subgroups but significantly worse in the very severe subgroup. NPI domain scores (agitation/aggression, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability, aberrant motor behavior) did not differ across the DAD subgroups. In the multiple regression analyses, a model including ACE-R and NPI apathy explained 32.5% of the variance for total DAD scores. For IADL, 35.6% of the variance was explained by the ACE-R only. No model emerged for BADL scores., Conclusions: Cognitive deficits and apathy are key contributors to functional disability in bvFTD but factors underlying impairment in BADLs remain unclear. Treatments targeting reduction of disability need to address apathy and cognitive impairment to ensure greater efficacy, especially in regards to IADLs.
- Published
- 2018
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12. Association of Breastfeeding Duration, Nonnutritive Sucking Habits, and Malocclusion.
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Roscoe MG, da Silva Bonifacio SV, da Silva TB, Pingueiro JM, Lemos MM, and Feres MF
- Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the associations between breastfeeding, nonnutritive sucking habits (NNSHs), and malocclusion in deciduous, mixed, and permanent dentition., Materials and Methods: A sample of 50 children between 3 and 12 years, enrolled in a pediatric dentistry dental care program, underwent orthodontic examination for detection of occlusal patterns and malocclusion. In addition, data regarding breastfeeding duration and NNSH acquisition were obtained from standardized questionnaires responded by the children's parents or legal guardians., Results: Regardless of a long period of breastfeeding, a high incidence of NNSH in the evaluated sample was observed. Nevertheless, the presence of NNSHs was not significantly associated with malocclusion., Conclusion: The findings could not indicate a statistically significant association between breastfeeding duration, acquisition of NNSHs, and malocclusion. Longitudinal studies with larger samples are still needed to better support clinical decisions. How to cite this article: Roscoe MG, da Silva Bonifacio SV, da Silva TB, Pingueiro JMS, Lemos MM, Feres MFN. Association of Breastfeeding Duration, Nonnutritive Sucking Habits, and Malocclusion. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(1):18-22., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None
- Published
- 2018
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13. Microvascular thrombosis in sepsis: An autopsy study.
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Tani VM, Assis-Mendonça GR, da Silva TB, Rogerio F, and De Paula EV
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autopsy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Thrombosis pathology, Young Adult, Sepsis complications, Thrombosis etiology
- Published
- 2017
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14. Cytotoxic potential of selected medicinal plants in northeast Brazil.
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da Silva TB, Costa CO, Galvão AF, Bomfim LM, Rodrigues AC, Mota MC, Dantas AA, Dos Santos TR, Soares MB, and Bezerra DP
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- Adult, Animals, Brazil, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Medicine, Traditional, Mice, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Cell Survival drug effects, Plant Extracts toxicity, Plants, Medicinal chemistry
- Abstract
Background: Great biodiversity is a highlight of Brazilian flora. In contrast, the therapeutic potentialities of most species used in folk medicine remain unknown. Several of these species are commonly used to treat cancer. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic activity of 18 plants from 16 families that are found in the northeast region of Brazil., Methods: The following species were studied: Byrsonima sericea DC. (Malpighiaceae), Cupania impressinervia Acev. Rodr. var. (revoluta) Radlk (Sapindaceae), Duranta repens Linn. (Verbenaceae), Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl) Rusby (Moraceae), Himatanthus bracteatus (A.DC.) Woodson (Apocynaceae), Ipomoea purga (Wender.) Hayne (Convolvulaceae), Ixora coccinea Linn. (Rubiaceae), Mabea piriri Aubl. (Euphorbiaceae), Miconia minutiflora (Melastomataceae), Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez (Lauraceae), Ocotea longifolia Kunth (Oreodaphne opifera Mart. Nees) (Lauraceae), Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle (Malvaceae), Psychotria capitata Ruiz & Pav. (Rubiaceae), Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin (Araliaceae), Solanum paludosum Moric. (Solanaceae), Xylopia frutescens Aubl. (Annonaceae) and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae). Their dried leaves, stems, flowers or fruits were submitted to different solvent extractions, resulting in 55 extracts. After incubating for 72 h, the cytotoxicity of each extract was tested against tumor cell lines using the alamar blue assay., Results: The B. sericea, D. repens, H. bracteatus, I. purga, I. coccinea, M. piriri, O. longifolia and P. capitata extracts demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic activity. The chloroform soluble fractions of D. repens flowers and the hexane extract of I. coccinea flowers led to the isolation of quercetin and a mixture of α- and β-amyrin, respectively, and quercetin showed moderate cytotoxic activity., Conclusion: The B. sericea, D. repens, H. bracteatus, I. purga, I. coccinea, M. piriri, O. longifolia and P. capitata plants were identified as having potent cytotoxic effects. Further investigations are required to determine the mechanisms of cytotoxicity exhibited and their in vivo activities. This work reinforces the need to understand the therapeutics potentialities of Brazilian medicinal plants.
- Published
- 2016
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15. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from the Fresh Fruits of Xylopia laevigata and its Cytotoxic Evaluation.
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Costa EV, da Silva TB, Costa CO, Soares MB, and Bezerra DP
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- Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Plant Oils chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Fruit chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Oils pharmacology, Xylopia chemistry
- Abstract
The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the fresh fruits of Xylopia laevigata was analyzed by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Monoterpenes predominated, forming 95.0% of the total essential oil. The major constituents identified were limonene (56.2%), α-pinene (28.0%), and β-pinene (5.5%). Cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines and non-tumor cells was also investigated; however, neither the essential oil nor its major constituents evaluated presented any cytotoxic activity (IC₅₀ > 25.0 µg mL⁻¹).
- Published
- 2016
16. Chemical composition, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and redox properties in vitro of the essential oil from Remirea maritima Aubl. (Cyperaceae).
- Author
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Rabelo AS, Serafini MR, Rabelo TK, de Melo MG, da Silva Prado D, Gelain DP, Moreira JC, dos Santos Bezerra M, da Silva TB, Costa EV, de Lima Nogueira PC, de Souza Moraes VR, do Nascimento Prata AP, Quintans LJ Jr, and Araújo AA
- Subjects
- Analgesics chemistry, Analgesics therapeutic use, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants therapeutic use, Behavior, Animal drug effects, Edema chemically induced, Edema drug therapy, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Male, Mice, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile therapeutic use, Oxidation-Reduction drug effects, Plant Oils chemistry, Plant Oils therapeutic use, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Analgesics pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants pharmacology, Cyperaceae chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Oils pharmacology
- Abstract
Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil from R. maritima (RMO) in experimental protocols., Methods: The essential oil from the roots and rhizomes of RMO were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Here, we evaluated free radical scavenging activities and antioxidant potential of RMO using in vitro assays for scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radicals, and nitric oxide. The total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) indexes and in vitro lipoperoxidation were also evaluated. The ability of RMO to prevent lipid peroxidation was measured by quantifying thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). NO radical generated at physiological pH was found to be inhibited by RMO, that showed scavenging effect upon SNP-induced NO production at all concentrations. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by acetic acid writhing reflex, Formalin-induced nociception and Carrageenan-induced edema test., Results: The majors compounds identified was remirol (43.2%), cyperene (13.8%), iso-evodionol (5.8%), cyperotundone (5.7%), caryophyllene oxide (4.9%), and rotundene (4.6%). At the TRAP assay, RMO concentration of 1 mg.mL(-1) showed anti-oxidant effects and at concentration of 1 and 10 ng.mL(-1) RMO showed pro-oxidant effect. RMO at 1 mg.mL(-1) also showed significant anti-oxidant capacity in TAR measurement. Concentrations of RMO from 1 ng.mL(-1) to 100 μg.mL(-1) enhanced the AAPH-induced lipoperoxidation. RMO reduced deoxyribose oxidative damage, induced by the Fenton reaction induction system, at concentrations from 1 ng.mL(-1) to 100 μg.mL(-1). We observed that RMO caused a significant increase in rate of adrenaline auto-oxidation. On the other hand RMO did not present any scavenging effect in H2O2 formation in vitro. The results of this study revealed that RMO has both peripheral and central analgesic properties. The RMO, all doses, orally (p.o.) administered significantly inhibited (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) the acetic acid-induced writhings and two phases of formalin-induced nociception in mice., Conclusion: The RMO demonstrated antioxidant and analgesic profile which may be related to the composition of the oil.
- Published
- 2014
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17. Use of herbal medicines by elderly patients: A systematic review.
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de Souza Silva JE, Santos Souza CA, da Silva TB, Gomes IA, Brito Gde C, de Souza Araújo AA, de Lyra-Júnior DP, da Silva WB, and da Silva FA
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Herb-Drug Interactions, Humans, Phytotherapy adverse effects, Plants, Medicinal, Dietary Supplements adverse effects, Phytotherapy statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to survey the published literature for articles that describe the use of herbal supplements by elderly patients and to summarize important aspects of selected studies, including most commonly used supplements, study type, study location, and potential hazards of herbal supplement use., Methods: Literature searches were conducted on three scientific/medical databases: Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus. Search results were examined for articles involving the use of herbal products in the elderly population that met selection criteria., Results: Initial searches yielded 1297 articles. Of these original results, only 16 met specific selection criteria. Twelve (75%) of studies identified were performed in North America. Nine studies (56.25%) were conducted in the United States. Seven of the studies were cross-sectional (43.8%). The most commonly reported were gingko biloba, garlic, ginseng, aloe vera, chamomile, spearmint, and ginger. Of these, gingko and garlic are the most commonly used among community-dwelling elderly. Both of these supplements have the potential to interact with anticoagulants and produce bruising or bleeding problems., Conclusions: The use of herbal supplements is common among the elderly, a population that takes a disproportionate share of prescription medications compared to that taken by younger populations. Among the problems uncovered by these studies was a lack of dialog between medical professionals and patients about the use of herbal supplements. Prescribers need to consider the use of herbal supplements and discuss the matter with their elderly patients when making decisions about pharmacological treatments., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
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18. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of the essential oil from leaves of Xylopia laevigata in experimental models.
- Author
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Queiroz JC, Antoniolli AR, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Brito RG, Barreto RS, Costa EV, da Silva TB, Prata AP, de Lucca W Jr, Almeida JR, Lima JT, and Quintans JS
- Subjects
- Analgesics chemistry, Analgesics therapeutic use, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Brain drug effects, Brain metabolism, Edema drug therapy, Inflammation drug therapy, Male, Mice, Nociception drug effects, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile therapeutic use, Peritonitis drug therapy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts therapeutic use, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos metabolism, Sesquiterpenes analysis, Analgesics pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Xylopia chemistry
- Abstract
Xylopia laevigata (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat pain and inflammation. Thus, we investigated the possible antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects of X. laevigata leaf essential oil (EOX) in animal models. Our EOX sample showed the presence of γ-muurolene (17.78%), δ-cadinene (12.23%), bicyclogermacrene (7.77%), and α-copaene (7.17%) as main compounds. EOX presented a strong antioxidant potential according to the DPPH, TBARS, and nitrite production tests. Additionally, pretreatment with EOX, in mice, also significantly produced (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001) antinociceptive effect by reduction of nociceptive behavior (in formalin and writhing tests). The EOX showed c-Fos label in the olfactory bulb, piriform cortex, and periaqueductal gray. Acute administration of EOX exhibited a significant (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) anti-inflammatory profile in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis and by the carrageenan-induced hindpaw edema tests in mice. Our results provide evidence for the use of X. laevigata by traditional medicine practitioners in the management of pain and inflammatory disorders.
- Published
- 2014
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19. Antitumour properties of the leaf essential oil of Xylopia frutescens Aubl. (Annonaceae).
- Author
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Ferraz RP, Cardoso GM, da Silva TB, Fontes JE, Prata AP, Carvalho AA, Moraes MO, Pessoa C, Costa EV, and Bezerra DP
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Male, Mice, Neoplasms physiopathology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Oils chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic administration & dosage, Neoplasms drug therapy, Oils, Volatile administration & dosage, Plant Oils administration & dosage, Xylopia chemistry
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and anticancer effect of the leaf essential oil of Xylopia frutescens in experimental models. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the essential oil was determined on cultured tumour cells. In vivo antitumour activity was assessed in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice. The major compounds identified were (E)-caryophyllene (31.48%), bicyclogermacrene (15.13%), germacrene D (9.66%), δ-cadinene (5.44%), viridiflorene (5.09%) and α-copaene (4.35%). In vitro study of the essential oil displayed cytotoxicity on tumour cell lines and showed IC50 values ranging from 24.6 to 40.0 μg/ml for the NCI-H358M and PC-3M cell lines, respectively. In the in vivo antitumour study, tumour growth inhibition rates were 31.0-37.5%. In summary, the essential oil was dominated by sesquiterpene constituents and has some interesting anticancer activity., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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20. Cytotoxic effect of leaf essential oil of Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae).
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Ferraz RP, Bomfim DS, Carvalho NC, Soares MB, da Silva TB, Machado WJ, Prata AP, Costa EV, Moraes VR, Nogueira PC, and Bezerra DP
- Subjects
- Acyclic Monoterpenes, Alkenes pharmacology, Animals, Brazil, Cell Line, Tumor drug effects, Cell Membrane drug effects, Cyclohexane Monoterpenes, Cymenes, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Hep G2 Cells drug effects, Humans, Male, Mice, Monoterpenes pharmacology, Oils, Volatile analysis, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Oils analysis, Plants, Medicinal chemistry, Thymol pharmacology, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Lippia chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Oils pharmacology
- Abstract
Medicinal plants are one of the most important sources of drugs used in the pharmaceutical industry. Among traditional medicinal plants, Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae) had been used for several medicinal purposes in Brazilian northeastern. In this study, leaf essential oil (EO) of L. gracilis was prepared using hydrodistillation. Followed by GC-MS analysis, its composition was characterized by the presence of thymol (55.50%), as major constituent. The effects of EO on cell proliferation and apoptosis induction were investigated in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, mice bearing Sarcoma 180 tumor cells were used to confirm its in vivo effectiveness. EO and its constituents (thymol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene and myrcene) displayed cytotoxicity to different tumor cell lines. EO treatment caused G1 arrest in HepG2 cells accompanied by the induction of DNA fragmentation without affecting cell membrane integrity. Cell morphology consistent with apoptosis and a remarkable activation of caspase-3 were also observed, suggesting induction of caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death. In vivo antitumor study showed tumor growth inhibition rates of 38.5-41.9%. In conclusion, the tested essential oil of L. gracilis leaves, which has thymol as its major constituent, possesses significant in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. These data suggest that leaf essential oil of L. gracilis is a potential medicinal resource., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
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- 2013
- Full Text
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21. Chemical composition and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of essential oils obtained from leaves of Xylopia frutescens and X. laevigata (Annonaceae).
- Author
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da Silva TB, Menezes LR, Sampaio MF, Meira CS, Guimarães ET, Soares MB, Prata AP, Nogueira PC, and Costa EV
- Subjects
- Acyclic Monoterpenes, Alkenes chemistry, Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes, Sesquiterpenes chemistry, Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane chemistry, Trypanocidal Agents chemistry, Trypanocidal Agents pharmacology, Trypanosoma cruzi drug effects, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Leaves chemistry, Xylopia chemistry
- Abstract
Essential oils from leaves of Xylopia frutescens (XFMJ) and two specimens of Xylopia laevigata (XLMC and XLSI) were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Sesquiterpenes dominated the essential oils. The main constituents of XFMJ were (E)-caryophyllene (24.8%), bicyclogermacrene (20.8%), germacrene D (17.0%), beta-elemene (7.9%), and (E)-beta-ocimene (6.8%). XLMC contained significant quantities of germacrene D (18.9%), bicyclogermacrene (18.4%), beta-elemene (9.5%), delta-selinene (9.2%), (E)-caryophyllene (8.5%), germacrene B (5.7%) and gamma-muurolene (5.7%), while germacrene D (27.0%), bicyclogermacrene (12.8%), (E)-caryophyllene (8.6%), gamma-muurolene (8.6%), delta-cadinene (6.8%), and germacrene B (6.0%) were the main components of XLSI. The essential oils had trypanocidal activity against the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi, with IC50 values lower than 30 microg x mL(-1) and 15 microg x mL(-1) against epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, respectively, and were also able to reduce the percentage in vitro of T. cruzi-infected macrophages and the intracellular number of amastigotes at concentrations that were non-cytotoxic to macrophages.
- Published
- 2013
22. Chemical constituents and anticancer effects of the essential oil from leaves of Xylopia laevigata.
- Author
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Quintans Jde S, Soares BM, Ferraz RP, Oliveira AC, da Silva TB, Menezes LR, Sampaio MF, Prata AP, Moraes MO, Pessoa C, Antoniolli AR, Costa EV, and Bezerra DP
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Brazil, Cell Line, Tumor, Cells, Cultured, Erythrocytes drug effects, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Male, Medicine, Traditional, Mice, Oils, Volatile analysis, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Leaves drug effects, Plant Oils analysis, Plant Oils chemistry, Plant Oils pharmacology, Plants, Medicinal chemistry, Plants, Medicinal drug effects, Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes, Sarcoma 180 drug therapy, Sarcoma 180 pathology, Sesquiterpenes analysis, Sesquiterpenes pharmacology, Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane pharmacology, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Xylopia chemistry
- Abstract
Xylopia laevigata, popularly known as "meiú" and "pindaíba", is a medicinal plant used in the folk medicine of the Brazilian Northeast for several purposes. The chemical constituents of the essential oil from leaves of X. laevigata, collected from wild plants growing at three different sites of the remaining Atlantic forest in Sergipe State (Brazilian Northeast), were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The effect of the essential oil samples was assessed on tumor cells in culture, as well on tumor growth in vivo. All samples of the essential oil were dominated by sesquiterpene constituents. A total of 44 compounds were identified and quantified. Although some small differences were observed in the chemical composition, the presence of γ-muurolene (0.60-17.99%), δ-cadinene (1.15-13.45%), germacrene B (3.22-7.31%), α-copaene (3.33-5.98%), germacrene D (9.09-60.44%), bicyclogermacrene (7.00-14.63%), and (E)-caryophyllene (5.43-7.98%) were verified as major constituents in all samples of the essential oil. In the in vitro cytotoxic study, the essential oil displayed cytotoxicity to all tumor cell lines tested, with the different samples displaying a similar profile; however, they were not hemolytic or genotoxic. In the in vivo antitumor study, tumor growth inhibition rates were 37.3-42.5%. The treatment with the essential oil did not significantly affect body weight, macroscopy of the organs, or blood leukocyte counts. In conclusion, the essential oil from the leaves of X. laevigata is chemically characterized by the presence of γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, germacrene B, α-copaene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, and (E)-caryophyllene as major constituents and possesses significant in vitro and in vivo anticancer potential., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)
- Published
- 2013
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23. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of some Brazilian medicinal plants.
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Ribeiro SS, de Jesus AM, dos Anjos CS, da Silva TB, Santos AD, de Jesus JR, Andrade MS, Sampaio TS, Gomes WF, Alves PB, Carvalho AA, Pessoa C, de Moraes MO, Pinheiro ML, Prata AP, Blank AF, Silva-Mann R, Moraes VR, Costa EV, Nogueira PC, and Bezerra DP
- Subjects
- Annonaceae chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Apocynaceae chemistry, Bicyclic Monoterpenes, Brazil, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds chemistry, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds isolation & purification, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, Clusiaceae chemistry, Coumarins chemistry, Coumarins isolation & purification, Humans, Hyptis chemistry, Jatropha chemistry, Latex chemistry, Lippia chemistry, Monoterpenes chemistry, Monoterpenes isolation & purification, Oils, Volatile chemistry, Oils, Volatile isolation & purification, Plant Components, Aerial chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plants, Medicinal chemistry, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds pharmacology, Coumarins pharmacology, Magnoliopsida chemistry, Monoterpenes pharmacology, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
Plants are promising sources of new bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic potential of nine plants found in Brazil. The species studied were: Annona pickelii Diels (Annonaceae), Annona salzmannii A. DC. (Annonaceae), Guatteria blepharophylla Mart. (Annonaceae), Guatteria hispida (R. E. Fr.) Erkens & Maas (Annonaceae), Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae), Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae), Kielmeyera rugosa Choisy (Clusiaceae), Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae), and Hyptis calida Mart. Ex Benth (Lamiaceae). Different types of extractions from several parts of plants resulted in 43 extracts. Their cytotoxicity was tested against HCT-8 (colon carcinoma), MDA-MB-435 (melanoma), SF-295 (glioblastoma), and HL-60 (promielocitic leukemia) human tumor cell lines, using the thiazolyl blue test (MTT) assay. The active extracts were those obtained from G. blepharophylla, G. hispida, J. curcas, K. rugosa, and L. gracilis. In addition, seven compounds isolated from the active extracts were tested; among them, β-pinene found in G. hispida and one coumarin isolated from K. rugora showed weak cytotoxic activity. In summary, this manuscript contributes to the understanding of the potentialities of Brazilian plants as sources of new anticancer drugs., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)
- Published
- 2012
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24. Determination of the phenolic content and antioxidant potential of crude extracts and isolated compounds from leaves of Cordia multispicata and Tournefortia bicolor.
- Author
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Correia Da Silva TB, Souza VK, Da Silva AP, Lyra Lemos RP, and Conserva LM
- Subjects
- Antioxidants chemistry, Flavonoids chemistry, Flavonoids isolation & purification, Phenols chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Boraginaceae, Cordia, Phenols isolation & purification, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plant Leaves
- Abstract
In this work, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts and four flavonoids isolated from leaves of two Boraginaceae species (Cordia multispicata Cham. and Tournefortia bicolor Sw.) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, DPPH free radical scavenging and inhibition of peroxidation of linoleic acid by FTC method. For comparison, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and BHT were used. In general, extracts from T. bicolor (68.8 +/- 0.001 to > 1000 mg/g) showed higher phenolic content than C. multispicata (66.1 +/- 0.009 to 231 +/- 0.07 mg/g), and also scavenged radicals (IC(50) 12.8 +/- 2.5 to 437 +/- 3.5 mg/L) and inhibited lipid peroxide formation (IC(50) 51.2 +/- 2.29 to 89 +/- 0.59 mg/L). For these extracts a good correlation between the phenolic content and antioxidant activity was observed, suggesting that T. bicolor is richer in phenolic compounds and that it could serve as a new source of natural antioxidants or nutraceuticals with potential applications. Chromatographic procedures monitored by antioxidant assays afforded seven compounds, which were identified by spectral analyses (IR, MS and 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with reported data as being trans-phytol (1), taraxerol (2), 3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (3), 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (4), quercetin (5), tiliroside (6), and rutin (7). Compounds (4-7) were also evaluated and were effective as DPPH quenching (IC(50) 7.7 +/- 3.6 to 79.3 +/- 3.4 mg/L) and as inhibition of lipid peroxidation (IC(50) 80.1 +/- 0.98 to 88.7 +/- 3.62 mg/L). This is the first report on the total phenolic content, radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities of these species.
- Published
- 2010
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25. Effect of casting technique on surface roughness and consequent mass loss after polishing of NiCr and CoCr base metal alloys: a comparative study with titanium.
- Author
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Bezzon OL, Pedrazzi H, Zaniquelli O, and da Silva TB
- Subjects
- Air Abrasion, Dental, Aluminum Oxide chemistry, Analysis of Variance, Chemical Phenomena, Chemistry, Physical, Cobalt chemistry, Dental Casting Investment chemistry, Electricity, Hot Temperature, Humans, Materials Testing, Nickel chemistry, Phosphates chemistry, Silicon Dioxide chemistry, Surface Properties, Vacuum, Chromium Alloys chemistry, Dental Alloys chemistry, Dental Casting Technique, Dental Polishing, Titanium chemistry
- Abstract
Statement of Problem: Surface roughness of cast metal frameworks may lead to difficulties in finishing or polishing procedures and weaken the framework., Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the surface roughness of 2 base metal alloys, submitted to different casting techniques, to determine the influence of surface roughness on loss of mass after polishing compared to commercially pure titanium castings., Material and Methods: Forty disk-shaped wax patterns (8 x 2 mm) were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=8): (1) CoCr alloy (Wironit), acetylene-oxygen flame casting (WFC), (2) NiCr alloy (Verabond II), acetylene-oxygen flame casting (VFC), (3) CoCr alloy, vacuum casting (WVC), (4) NiCr alloy, vacuum casting (VVC), and (5) commercially pure Ti alloy (Ti) melted by electric arc in argon gas atmosphere. WFC and VFC served as controls. Both NiCr and CoCr alloys were invested in phosphate-bonded investment (Termocast). Ti was invested in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (Rematitam Plus). The wax patterns and casting techniques were standardized. All specimens were cleaned with airborne-particle abrasion (aluminum oxide). Surface roughness (Ra) was assessed using a surface-test analyzer at 3 different sites. To evaluate the loss of mass, the specimens were weighed on a precision balance, then polished with 150-600 grain sandpaper until clinically acceptable (minimum roughness of 0.09 microm). The specimens were then reweighed. A 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test (alpha=.05) were performed., Results: Statistical analysis showed that VVC and WVC had significantly (P=.0050; P=.0057) smoother surfaces (2.43 +/- 0.53 and 2.23 +/- 0.49, respectively) than VFC and WFC (2.99 +/- 0.44 and 2.83 +/- 0.61, respectively), but were not significantly different from Ti (2.49 +/- 0.62). The loss of mass (in %) was not significantly different for any group (3.18 +/- 0.72, 3.14 +/- 0.93, 3.36 +/- 1.05%, and 4.14 +/- 1.28% for VVC, WVC, VFC, and WFC, respectively). The mass loss of Ti was 4.32 +/- 1.16., Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the base metal alloys submitted to vacuum casting showed decreased surface roughness, similar to that of titanium, compared to base metal alloys submitted to acetylene-oxygen flame casting. There were no significant differences in loss of mass after polishing for all tested specimens.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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