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2. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism combination pattern of the Klotho gene with non-cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease

Author

Cambray S., Bermudez-Lopez M., Bozic M., Valdivielso J.M., Castro E., María V., Molí T., Vidal T., Soria M., Aladrén Regidor Ma.J., Almirall J., Ponz E., Arteaga Coloma J., Bajo Rubio Ma.A., Belart Rodríguez M., Gascón A., Bover Sanjuan J., Puigvert F., Bronsoms Artero J., Cabezuelo Romero J.B., Muray Cases S., Calviño Varela J., Caro Acevedo P., Carreras Bassa J., Cases Amenós A., Massó Jiménez E., Moreno López R., Cigarrán Guldris S., López Prieto S., Comas Mongay L., Comerma I., Compte Jové Ma.T., Cuberes Izquierdo M., de Álvaro F., Hevia Ojanguren C., de Arriba de la Fuente G., del Pino y Pino Ma.D., Diaz-Tejeiro Izquierdo R., Hormigos A., Dotori M., Duarte V., Estupiñan Torres S., Fernández Reyes Ma.J., Fernández Rodríguez Ma.L., Fernández G., Galán Serrano A., García Cantón C., García Herrera A.L., García Mena M., Gil Sacaluga L., Aguilar M., Górriz J.L., Huarte Loza E., Lerma J.L., Liebana Cañada A., Marín Álvarez J.P., Martín Alemany N., Martín García J., Martínez Castelao A., Martínez Villaescusa M., Martínez I., Moina Eguren I., Moreno Los Huertos S., Mouzo Mirco R., Munar Vila A., Muñoz Díaz A.B., Navarro González J.F., Nieto J., Carreño A., Novoa Fernández E., Ortiz A., Fernandez B., Paraíso V., Pérez Fontán M., Peris Domingo A., Piñera Haces C., Prados Garrido Ma.D., Prieto Velasco M., Puig Marí C., Rivera Gorrín M., Rubio E., Ruiz P., Salgueira Lazo M., Martínez Puerto A.I., Sánchez Tomero J.A., Sánchez J.E., Sans Lorman R., Saracho R., Sarrias M., Serón D., Soler M.J., Barrios C., Sousa F., Toran D., Tornero Molina F., Usón Carrasco J.J., Valera Cortes I., Vilaprinyo del Perugia Ma.M., Ruiz V., Pallarés V., Altozano C.S., Ródenas M.A., Sanitaria de Arán I.G.G.Á.B., Gil F.A., Criado E.G., Belinchón R.D., Fernández Toro J.Ma., and Antonio J.

Subjects
cardiovascular risk, genetic association, adult, genotype, allele, chronic kidney failure, cohort analysis, major clinical study, Klotho protein, Article, homozygote, aged, cause of death, female, multicenter study, male, priority journal, cardiovascular mortality, single nucleotide polymorphism, follow up, human, prospective study
Abstract

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality, with cardiovascular death being extensively investigated. However, non-cardiovascular mortality represents the biggest percentage, showing an evident increase in recent years. Klotho is a gene highly expressed in the kidney, with a clear influence on lifespan. Low levels of Klotho have been linked to CKD progression and adverse outcomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Klotho gene have been associated with several diseases, but studies investigating the association of Klotho SNPs with noncardiovascular death in CKD populations are lacking. Methods. The main aim of this study was to assess whether 11 Klotho SNPs were associated with non-cardiovascular death in a subpopulation of the National Observatory of Atherosclerosis in Nephrology (NEFRONA) study (n ¼ 2185 CKD patients). Results. After 48 months of follow-up, 62 cardiovascular deaths and 108 non-cardiovascular deaths were recorded. We identified a high non-cardiovascular death risk combination of SNPs corresponding to individuals carrying the most frequent allele (G) at rs562020, the rare allele (C) at rs2283368 and homozygotes for the rare allele (G) at rs2320762 (rs562020 GG/AG þ rs2283368 CC/CT þ rs2320762 GG). Among the patients with the three SNPs genotyped (n ¼ 1016), 75 (7.4%) showed this combination. Furthermore, 95 (9.3%) patients showed a low-risk combination carrying all the opposite genotypes (rs562020 AA þ rs2283368 TT þ rs2320762 GT/TT). All the other combinations [n ¼ 846 (83.3%)] were considered as normal risk. Using competing risk regression analysis, we confirmed that the proposed combinations are independently associated with a higher fhazard ratio [HR] 3.28 [confidence interval (CI) 1.51-7.12]g and lower [HR 6 × 10-6 (95% CI 3.3 × 10-7-1.1 × 10-5)] risk of suffering a non-cardiovascular death in the CKD population of the NEFRONA cohort compared with patients with the normal-risk combination. Conclusions. Determination of three SNPs of the Klotho gene could help in the prediction of non-cardiovascular death in CKD. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Published
2020
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9. Guía Europea de Prevención Cardiovascular en la Práctica Clínica. Adaptación española del CEIPC 2008

Author

Lobos, J.M., primary, Royo-Bordonada, M.Á., additional, Brotons, C., additional, Álvarez-Sala, L., additional, Armario, P., additional, Maiques, A., additional, Mauricio, D., additional, Sans, S., additional, Villar, F., additional, Lizcano, Á., additional, Gil-Núñez, A., additional, de Álvaro, F., additional, Conthe, P., additional, Luengo, E., additional, del Río, A., additional, Cortés, O., additional, de Santiago, A., additional, Varga, M.A., additional, Martínez, M., additional, and Lizarbe, V., additional

Published
2009
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10. Adaptación española de la Guía Europea de Prevención Cardiovascular

Author

Brotons, C., primary, Royo-Bordonada, M.A., additional, Álvarez-Sala, L., additional, Armario, P., additional, Artigao, R., additional, Conthe, P., additional, de Álvaro, F., additional, de Santiago, A., additional, Gil, A., additional, Lobos, J.M., additional, Maiques, A., additional, Marrugat, J., additional, Mauricio, D., additional, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., additional, Sans, S., additional, and Suárez, C., additional

Published
2005
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11. Adaptación española de la Guía Europea de Prevención Cardiovascular

Author

Brotonsa, C., primary, Royo-Bordonada, M.A., additional, Álvarez-Sala, L., additional, Armario, P., additional, Artigao, R., additional, Conthe, P., additional, de Álvaro, F., additional, de Santiago, A., additional, Gil, A., additional, Lobos, J.M., additional, Maiques, A., additional, Marrugat, J., additional, Mauricio, D., additional, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., additional, Sans, S., additional, and Suárez, C., additional

Published
2004
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12. Guía Europea de Prevención Cardiovascular en la Práctica Clínica. Adaptación Española del Comité Español Interdisciplinario para la Prevención Cardiovascular (CEIPC) 2008.

Author

Lobos, J. M., Royo-Bordonada, M. A., Brotons, C., Álvarez-Sala, L., Armario, P., Maiques, A., Mauricio, D., Sans, S., Villar, F., Lizcano, A., Gil-Núñez, A., De Álvaro, F., Conthe, P., Luengo, E., del Río, A., Rico, O., de Santiago, A., Vargas, M. A., Martínez, M., and Lizarbe, V.

Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, PREVENTIVE medicine, MEDICAL protocols, CARDIOVASCULAR emergencies, PREVENTION
Abstract

Copyright of Neurologia (Grupo ARS XXI de Comunicacion, S.A.) is the property of Grupo ARS XXI de Comunicacion, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2009

13. Chronic kidney disease in Spain: Prevalence and impact of accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors.

Author

Gorostidi M, Sánchez-Martínez M, Ruilope LM, Graciani A, de la Cruz JJ, Santamaría R, Del Pino MD, Guallar-Castillón P, de Álvaro F, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, and Banegas JR

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Epidemiologic Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Spain epidemiology, Young Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications
Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem worldwide. We aimed to estimate the CKD prevalence in Spain and to examine the impact of the accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF)., Material and Methods: We performed a nationwide, population-based survey evaluating 11,505 individuals representative of the Spanish adult population. Information was collected through standardised questionnaires, physical examination, and analysis of blood and urine samples in a central laboratory. CKD was graded according to current KDIGO definitions. The relationship between CKD and 10CVRF was assessed (age, hypertension, general obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, high LDL-cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridaemia, diabetes and sedentary lifestyle)., Results: Prevalence of CKD was 15.1% (95%CI: 14.3-16.0%). CKD was more common in men (23.1% vs 7.3% in women), increased with age (4.8% in 18-44 age group, 17.4% in 45-64 age group, and 37.3% in ≥65), and was more common in those with than those without cardiovascular disease (39.8% vs 14.6%); all P<.001. CKD affected 4.5% of subjects with 0-1CVRF, and then progressively increased from 10.4% to 52.3% in subjects with 2 to 8-10CVRF (P trend <.001)., Conclusions: CKD affects one in seven adults in Spain. The prevalence is higher than previously reported and similar to that in the United States. CKD was particularly prevalent in men, older people and people with cardiovascular disease. Prevalence of CKD increased considerably with the accumulation of CVRF, suggesting that CKD could be considered as a cardiovascular condition., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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14. About the discrepancies between consensus documents, clinical practice guidelines, and legal regulations in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Author

Martínez-Castelao A, Górriz JL, Sola E, Morillas C, Jover A, Coronel F, Navarro-González J, and De Álvaro F

Subjects
Female, Humans, Male, Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Diabetic Nephropathies metabolism, Disease Management, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Metformin therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Professional Practice standards
Published
2012
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15. Pathophysiological role and therapeutic implications of inflammation in diabetic nephropathy.

Author

Luis-Rodríguez D, Martínez-Castelao A, Górriz JL, De-Álvaro F, and Navarro-González JF

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus and its complications are becoming one of the most important health problems in the world. Diabetic nephropathy is now the main cause of end-stage renal disease. The mechanisms leading to the development and progression of renal injury are not well known. Therefore, it is very important to find new pathogenic pathways to provide opportunities for early diagnosis and targets for novel treatments. At the present time, we know that activation of innate immunity with development of a chronic low grade inflammatory response is a recognized factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown the participation of different inflammatory molecules and pathways in the pathophysiology of this complication.

Published
2012
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