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This report demonstrates a case study within the ASINA project, aimed at instantiating a roadmap with quantitative metrics for Safe(r) and (more) Sustainable by Design (SSbD) options. We begin with a description of ASINA's methodology across the product lifecycle, outlining the quantitative elements within: Physical-Chemical Features (PCFs), Key Decision Factors (KDFs), and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Subsequently, we delve in a proposed decision support tool for implementing the SSbD objectives across various dimensions-functionality, cost, environment, and human health safety-within a broader European context. We then provide an overview of the technical processes involved, including design rationales, experimental procedures, and tools/models developed within ASINA in delivering nano-silver-based antimicrobial textile coatings. The result is pragmatic, actionable metrics intended to be estimated and assessed in future SSbD applications and to be adopted in a common SSbD roadmap aligned with the EU's Green Deal objectives. The methodological approach is transparently and thoroughly described to inform similar projects through the integration of KPIs into SSbD and foster data-driven decision-making. Specific results and project data are beyond this work's scope, which is to demonstrate the ASINA roadmap and thus foster SSbD-oriented innovation in nanotechnology., Competing Interests: Massimo Perucca is the owner of the MultiOptimal360TM IT platform (https://www.projecthub360.com/) who developed the DST as an integral part of the project. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) have several uses in various industrial fields and are embedded in a myriad of consumer products. However, there is continued concern over the potential adverse health effects and environmental impacts of ENMs due to their unique physico-chemical characteristics. Currently, there are no specific international regulations for various ENMs. There are also no Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) regulated by the European Union (EU) for nanomaterials in the form of nano-objects, their aggregates or agglomerates (NOAA). For ENMs the question of which metric to be used (i.e., mass, surface area, number concentrations) to determine the exposure is still not resolved. The aim of this work is to assess the worker exposure by inhalation in an industrial spray coating process by using all three metrics mentioned above. Two target ENMs (N-doped TiO 2 , TiO 2 N and AgNPs capped with a quaternized hydroxyethyl-cellulose, AgHEC) generated for industrial-scale spraying processes were considered. Results showed that the averaged particle number concentration (10-100 nm) was below 2.7 10 4  cm -3 for both materials. The Lung Deposited Surface Area (LDSA) was in the range between 73 and 98 μm 2 cm -3 and the particle mass concentration (obtained by means of ICP-EOS off-line analysis) resulted below 70 μg m -3 and 0.4 μg m -3 for TiO 2 and Ag, respectively. Although, the airborne particles concentration compared well with the NIOSH Recommended Exposure Level (REL) limits the contribution to the background, according to EN 17058 (Annex E) was significant (particularly in the particle number and PM1 mass concentrations). We successfully evaluated the worker exposure by means of the different airborne particles' metrics (number, surface and mass concentrations). We concluded that worker exposure assessment involving ENMs is a complex procedure with requires both real time and off-line measurements and a deep investigation of the background., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)