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The present work is one of the investigations carried out by the Center of Agricultural Mechanization (CEMA) of the Agrarian University of Havana (UNAH), on the evaluation of agricultural groups for the production of food animal, as part of the project "Development of the Technological-Scientific-Educational-Productive Scenario of Cuban Agriculture in the University Farm Guayabal". Its objective was to determine the indicators of operation of the forage chopper RSA/30 during the crumbling of King Grass. A coefficient of use of the time and productivity, in productive time of 0,66 and 18,70 kg/h, respectively, was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería Agrícola is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones de Ingenieria Agricola and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work aims to develop the automated DCMT system, which determines the amount of means of transport, in the mechanized harvesting process of sugarcane, for different transport distances, field performance and capacity of the means of transport used (20 and 60 t). The system is based on equations with linear fit, starting from the analytical modeling carried out by the SMCTCA software developed by De las Cuevas and collaborators in 2016. The main control panel and links are provided to allow the user to interact with the different parts that make it up to evaluate the mechanized process of harvesting and transporting sugarcane, for different exploitation conditions. That permits the rational organization of the system with the increase of the coefficient of use of time and the productivity as well as the reduction of operating expenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work is the comparative evaluation of the exploitation indicators of the sugarcane harvesters Case and Cameco. The evaluation of the test conditions was carried out by Cuban Standard NC 3447: 2003 and its indicators by the computer DCE system. The technological evaluation was carried out from the Cuban Standard NC 3437: 2003. The exploitation indicators were determined, considering the hourly productivity in clean, operational and exploitation time, the coefficients of technological and technical safety, coefficient of technological service and coefficient of utilization of operating time. To determine these exploitation indicators, the TECEXP computer system was used from the primary data of the photo timing. The results showed that the coefficient of use of time and hourly productivity of the harvesters Case and Cameco is 0.69 and 0.66 as well as 18.95 and 18.18 t/h respectively. Therefore, a rational organization of the means of transport is required according to the transport distance, with a view to increasing the coefficient of time utilization and the productivity of the harvesters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the sprayers used in fruit trees are of the type of jet transported, which use an air flow produced by a fan to transfer the pesticide drop to the tree. In the energy balance of agricultural sprayers assisted by air flow, it is proposed that between 50 and 65% of the power in these equipment is used by the fan that produces the air flow. Air stream sprayers produce high pollution due to high levels of drift. Using the Computer Modeling of Fluids (CFD) the aerodynamics of the air flow is analyzed based on the geometric and kinematic parameters of the fan, which allows to determine the air flow with better characteristics. The selected regimens assess the quality of the plant cover, using image treatment methods. In this case, a work regime is achieved that decreases the amount of power required, maintaining the quality of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software for evaluating the impact of research projects called "IMPACTOp", is a tool to assess the impact of research projects, based on a system of indicators proposed by Fernandez de Castro and Shkiliova in 2012. The same It is structured in four dimensions: knowledge, economic, social and environmental, and 30 indicators aimed at measuring in which areas and to what extent a research project has or will have an impact. In this system, the estimated quantification of the change expected to occur in the scientific, economic, social and environmental fields has been automated. For the design of the software, a theoretical analysis of the impacts that the project generates in its context has been carried out in the different areas or areas. In the present work, an analysis of the impact is carried out, using the valuation method of each indicator in a range of 1 to 5 points, where the values are subsequently normalized in the range of 1 to 100. The impact is calculated by way of example. of the project, a set of machines for conservation tillage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation presents as objective to carry out a comparative analysis of the operation costs of tractor BELARUS 510 - forage chopper JF-50 of Brazilian origin (T1) and MF IIMA model EM-01 perfected of national production (T2). The major values in the operation costs are related to the component for wage concept, for both choppers in study, the JF-50 and the MF IIMA model EM-01 perfected, with 5.10 peso/h, that represents 48.757% and 3.54 peso/h (83.098%), respectively. On the other hand, the costs for amortization concept (A), repair and maintenance (R) of the set tractor - machine JF-50 are 85.19 and 93.84%, respectively, major than the MF IIMA model EM-01 perfected. Similarly the cost for concept of fuel consumption (C) of T1 is 80.18% higher than the electric power (E) consumed by T2. Also, the direct operation costs (Gd) and per unit of processed mass (Gex) of the set tractor - chopper JF-50 were of 6.20 peso/h and 6.31 peso/t, higher respectively, than the chopper MF IIM A model EM-01 perfected. These results endorse the machine of national production with smaller operation costs that the one obtained in the international market of Brazilian origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software SMCTCA models analytically the technological process of the mechanized system of sugar cane harvest and transport, determining the operation and economic indicators, for different work conditions and available technical means. With the obtained results of this software, it is possible to define the most rational combinations of harvester machines and means of transport, for different distances from the field to the sugar mill. The automated system was elaborated in EXCEL for Windows and it has been used economically in the determination of the most rational variants, for the mechanized system composed by the CASE IH AUSTOFT A- 7000 harvester machine with two and four trucks with BEIBENZ type trailer, for different distances from field to sugar mill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería Agrícola is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones de Ingenieria Agricola and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research was carried out under the conditions of harvesting and repair of the Agricultural Base Business Unit (UEBA) "Sierra Maestra", in the New Holland L-521, L-624, L-626 rice harvesters. The objective was estimating and checking the maintainability of the rice harvesters during daily technical maintenance, every 30 hours and during the harvest period under the conditions of "Los Palacios" Agroindustrial Grain Company (EAIG). Through mathematical analysis, average daily and periodic technical maintenance time every 30 h was determined. In the investigation, what the same authors did in 2017 was validated. Among the most significant results is that: for the harvesters evaluated, the maintainability curve shows that there is between 95.8...97% probability that the daily technical maintenance is carried out in two hours; while in technical maintenance every 30 hours the probability is 74...78% in the same period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of researches carried out in Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA) about the evaluation of a group of machines for conservation tillage, a study whose determine the energy cost of the knife roller CEMA 1400 for vegetable covering. The costs energy schedules they were determined (MJ/h) and for unit of worked area (MJ/ha), contemplating the energy kidnapped in construction materials, production, transport; fuels; lubricant; repair/maintenances, manpower and used product (seeds, fertilizers). The results showed that the bigger costs, they are represented by the energy kidnapped in fuel with 60,07% of the total, being the energy costs per worked area of 628,19 MJ/ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software models technological process analytically of the mechanized system for transplant and transport seedling block for different combinations of transplanted group and transport, which allows to determine energy indicators, of operation and economic for different work conditions and available technical means. With the obtained results of this software, it is possible to define the most economic variants in transplante group and means of transport, for different distances of the field to the center of reception of postures. The same one had been used for the determination of good variants in companies agricultural, projects of scientific investigation, master thesis and works of diplomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The control of plagues with chemical products still constitutes a problem in the agriculture in the world, First to the affectation to the environment, Secondly the economic effects are increased when the treatments are not carried out with the required quality; in this situation the spraying machine plays a decisive paper in the application of the chemical products. In the study was used the spraying machine in the treatment of the fruit trees, that use current of air for the transfer of the plaguicida drop toward the tree. In the cultivation of fruit the attack of plagues can produce losses of until 25% of decrease of the yields in the less severe cases. This study consists of determining the relationship between the parameters of the fan and the quality of work of the spraying machine; this knowledge will permit to select the most appropriate spraying machine to use in each case. The work is based on the use of the experimental design 2³ to determine a mathematical model that expresses the relationship of the parameters of the fan and the quality of the spraying machine. The results demonstrate in the model that when increasing the uniformity of air exit speed and the wide of exit difusor of the fan, an increase in the quality work of the spraying machine take place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software models technological process analytically of the mechanical pulverization in citrus, which allows to determine energy indicators, of operation and economic for different work conditions and available technical means. This program also allows defining, the most economic variant of technological service, for different distances of the field to the point of fixed supply, and combinations sprinkler machine groups and technical means of supply. The same one had been used for the determination of good variants in companies citrus, projects of scientific investigation, master thesis and works of diplomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of researches carried out in Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA) about the conservation tillage in the agricultural production, a study whose objective is the energy cost determination of the conservation systems, with the use of the reduced tillage (minimum) and no-tillage in the tropical agriculture. It was analytically modeled the agricultural operations that form part of the reduced tillage and no-tillage, determining hourly cost (MJ/h) and cost per worked area (MJ/ha), were calculate adding up the energy sequestered in construction materials, manufacturing, transport, fuel, lubricant, repair / maintenance and in manpower. The result showed that the energy corresponding to the fuel it represented the 58,46 and 61,91% respectively in the reduced tillage and no-tillage systems . As well as that the total energy cost per area unit of the no-tillage system is smaller in 66,18% to the cost of the reduced tillage system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inside the studies carried out in the Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA), about the organization of the technological service of the agricultural machines. It was carried out a research whose objective is the study of the behavior of the profit time coefficient in the sprinkler machines for citrus, for different conditions operation It was modeled the technological process analytically by means of an automated system that allows to determine the balance of the time consumed by the sprinkler machine groups and transport, and determined the dependence of the profit time coefficient to one or another group, according to the analyzed conditions operation. The results offered that it stops distances until the point of having filled of up to 4 km, the profit time coefficient (Kut) it takes values of 38%, between 50 and 43% and enter 54 and 32% in sprinkler of 1 000, 2 000 and 3 000 L of capacity respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of mathematical models to describe the flow of air, is applied in this work to the study in the horizontal plane of the current of air of the fan in the spraying machine. These models were made starting from the data obtained in physical rehearsals carried out with commercial spraying machine used in fruit-beating. For the obtaining of these models a factorial design 24 was outlined to relate the variation of the kinematics and dimensional parameters of the current of air. The carried out study allows to identify the form of the flow of air in the plane starting from the kinematics and geometric parameters of the fan that produces it. These models facilitate to determine the dimensional structure of the current, as well as their physical conditions of reach and distribution uniformity for a given energy expense. In this spraying machine type the current of air is the one in charge of transporting and distributing the drops of liquid in the tree, what constitutes a decisive factor in the quality of work of it. These models were applied in different types of commercial spraying machine, existing an appropriate relationship with the practical results, what makes this tool worth using to achieve a bigger efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation analyzes the behavior of the price limit of the seedling block transplanter VERSATIL 10 000, like part of the automated system of transplanted and transport seedling block. It was modeled the technological process analytically by means of the automated system SMTTC.xls that allows to determine the price limit on the base of cost per worked area, for different operation conditions and combinations of transplanter group and transport denominated service coefficient. The results offered that the biggest price limit were obtained with service coefficient of four (1 and 2 km) and of two for distances 3, 4 and 5 km, varying the same ones between 12 258,85 and 16 521,76 pesos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proper use of the air stream in agricultural sprays is a constant concern of the farmer and the professionals of the Agricultural Engineering. The drift produced by this equipment affects human health and the environment by pollution, in addition to the economic damages they represent to the farmer. In the work, the airflow in the vertical plane of the Hatsuta-420, spray studied using the modelling by means of the computerized fluid design technique. In the modelling, the FLUENT fluid package of ANSYS 16.0 software used. The results of the modeling are analyzed and compared with experimental measurements of the air velocity made to this sprayer in the plane under study. It is concluded that with the modeling of air flow in CFD, the airflow studies in the vertical plane of agricultural sprayers with the 0.97 to 0.99 accuracy can be predicted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnitude of air velocity at the fan outlet of agricultural sprayers influences the aerodynamic airflow and is a key factor in the flow structure. The effect of varying the fan output speed in aerodynamic airflow during work at different speeds of movement of the sprayer, using computer simulation (CFD) is analyzed in this work. Simulations of output speeds were conducted in the diffuser fan of 40, 45 and 50 m/s with a fan output width of 115 mm and considering the sprayer without motion and working speeds of 2.18, 4.5 and 6.35 km / h. The aerodynamic behavior of the airflow for each variant was analyzed. The increase in the fan output speed produces an accelerated wear on the core of the current; therefore the use of lower speeds enhances aerodynamic flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researches that is carried out in the Chapingo Autonomous University of Mexico, in the Agricultural Mechanical Engineering Department (DIMA) and in the Havana Agrarian University, in the Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA), directed to the fluid power development., they allowed to develop an automated system, elaborated in Microsoft ® Excel 2000 on Windows, in a book Performance Curves calculation denominated, the one that facilitates the theoretical and quick determination of the performance parameters of the hydraulic machines (bombs and motors). For this book the work optimum regimen of the hydraulic machine was determined, the relationships among the efficiency of the bomb and hydraulic motor and the isogonaly coefficient. The results of the work show that the curves of the total efficiencies of the bomb and the hydraulic motor have the maximum value for certain values of the isogonaly coefficient, assuring a quite high precision. Lastly the maximum values of efficiency of the hydraulic machine were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation is part of the studies carried out by the Faculty of Technical Sciences, the Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA) of the Agrarian University of Havana (UNAH) and the Institute of Animal Science (ICA), on the evaluation of agricultural assemblies for the production of animal feed. It was developed with the objective of determining the energy costs of the Russian BELARUS 510 Tractor and of the Brazilian JF-50 forage chopper. It is determined that the total energy costs depend, to a greater extent, on the energy sequestered in fuel (ESc), with a value of 103,73 MJ/h and 53% as the highest value. The energy sequestered in lubricants and filters (ESl) represented the lowest dependency with a value of 5,19 MJh, being 2,65% the lowest value. Total hourly energy costs (EST) amount to 195,48 MJ/h and energy costs total per unit mass processed (ESt) to 365 MJ/t. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation is part of the studies carried out by the Faculty of Technical Sciences, the Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA) of the Agrarian University of Havana (UNAH) and the Institute of Animal Science (ICA), on the evaluation of agricultural assemblies for the production of animal feed. It was developed with the objective of determining the energy costs of the Russian BELARUS 510 Tractor and of the Brazilian JF-50 forage chopper. It is determined that the total energy costs depend, to a greater extent, on the energy sequestered in fuel (ESc), with a value of 103,73 MJ/h and 53% as the highest value. The energy sequestered in lubricants and filters (ESl) represented the lowest dependency with a value of 5,19 MJh, being 2,65% the lowest value. Total hourly energy costs (EST) amount to 195,48 MJ/h and energy costs total per unit mass processed (ESt) to 365 MJ/t. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to define an indicators system for impact assessment of technological management in rice crop (Oryza sativa L) in Farmer and Cooperative Sector by means of expert judgment. A questionnaire was made from the literature review. The Delphi method was applied with two rounds to the panel of experts, after the selection process and determination of their proficiency levels. Data processing consisted in obtaining the categories per indicator. In addition, the Variation Coefficient (CV) and Kendall Coefficient (W) were calculated with SPSS software version 20 for Windows. The p-value in validating the expert judgment was used and qualitative analysis of the survey open questions was made. The final proposal included 30 indicators in four dimensions: Technological (9), Economic (6), Social (7) and Environmental (8). The results showed that indicators of Technological and Environmental Dimensions are the most influential and among them, the Harvest Time and Varieties Diversity according Varietal Policy for rice crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]