194,261 results on '"detector"'
Search Results
2. Strict Cp-triangulations -- a new approach to desingularization.
- Author
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Pawłucki, Wiesław
- Subjects
- *
SEMIALGEBRAIC sets , *TRIANGULATION , *DETECTORS , *SET-valued maps , *INTEGERS - Abstract
Let R be any real closed field expanded by some o-minimal structure. Let f : A → Rd be a definable and continuous mapping defined on a definable, closed, bounded subset A of Rn. Let E be a finite family of definable subsets of Rn contained in A. Let p be any positive integer. We prove that then there exists a finite simplicial complex T in Rn and a definable homeomorphism h :|T| → A, where |T| := υT, such that for each simplex Δ ∈ T, the restriction of h to its relative interior ... is a Cp-embedding of ... into Rn and moreover both h and f o h are of class Cp in the sense that they have definable Cp-extensions defined on an open definable neighborhood of |T| in Rn. We then call a pair (T, h) a strict Cp-triangulation of A. In addition, this triangulation can be made compatible with E in the sense that for each E ∈ E, h-1(E) is a union of some ... where Δ ∈ T. We also give an application to approximation theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 铑自给能探测器中子灵敏度燃耗修正研究.
- Author
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于稼驷
- Subjects
NEUTRON flux ,NEUTRON resonance ,NUCLEAR reactor cores ,RESONANCE effect ,RHODIUM - Abstract
Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
4. Quantitative modeling of perovskite-based direct X-ray flat panel detectors.
- Author
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Song, Zihao, Wang, Gaozhu, Pang, Jincong, Zheng, Zhiping, Xu, Ling, Zhou, Ying, Niu, Guangda, and Tang, Jiang
- Abstract
Direct X-ray detectors based on semiconductors have drawn great attention from researchers in the pursuing of higher imaging quality. However, many previous works focused on the optimization of detection performances but seldomly watch them in an overall view and analyze how they will influence the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) value. Here, we propose a numerical model which shows the quantitative relationship between DQE and the properties of X-ray detectors and electric circuits. Our results point out that pursuing high sensitivity only is meaningless. To reduce the medical X-ray dose by 80%, the requirement for X-ray sensitivity is only at a magnitude of 10
3 μCGy−1 ⋅cm−2 . To achieve the DQE = 0.7 at X-ray sensitivity air from 1248 to 8171 μCGy−1 air ⋅cm−2 , the requirements on dark current density ranges from 10 to 100 nA⋅cm−2 and the fluctuation of current density should fall in 0.21 to 1.37 nA⋅cm−2 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Experimentation at a Muon Collider.
- Author
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Casarsa, Massimo, Lucchesi, Donatella, and Sestini, Lorenzo
- Abstract
Experimental activities involving multi-TeV muon collisions are a relatively recent endeavor. The community has limited experience in designing detectors for lepton interactions at center-of-mass energies of 10 TeV and beyond. This review provides a short overview of the machine characteristics and outlines potential sources of beam-induced background that could affect the detector performance. The strategy for mitigating the effects of the beam-induced background on the detector at TeV is discussed with a focus on the machine–detector interface, detector design, and implementation of reconstruction algorithms. The physics potential at this center-of-mass energy is evaluated using a detailed detector simulation that incorporates the effects of the beam-induced background. This evaluation concerns the Higgs boson couplings and the Higgs field potential sensitivity, which then are used to obtain confidence on the expectations at 10 TeV. The physics and detector requirements for an experiment at TeV, outlined here, form the foundation for the initial detector concept at that center-of-mass energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A Study of Reactions with Light Nuclei Using a Position Sensitive Fast Neutron Detector.
- Author
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Potashev, S. I., Meshkov, I. V., Afonin, A. A., Burmistrov, Yu. M., Drachev, A. I., Karaevsky, S. Kh., Kasparov, A. A., Ponomarev, V. N., and Razin, V. I.
- Abstract
A position-sensitive detector, which is a neutron target at the same time, is presented to study the interaction reactions of fast neutrons of above 1 MeV with light nuclei, in particular, with the
10 B nucleus. It contains two boron-10 layers and a system of wire electrodes to identify secondary nuclei, in particular3 H and4 He, and to determine energy loss and departure angle. Thus the neutron energy can be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. High-Speed, High-Accuracy Tool Runout Detector.
- Author
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Takuya Kido
- Abstract
Chips caught in the shank during automatic tool change on a machining center can cause runout of the tool and affect machining accuracy. To accurately measure the runout amount, the center position of the tool was calculated using the least-squares method and filter processing, taking into account the measurement error of the sensor, the runout amount of the spindle itself, and the variation in the individual dimensions of each tool. As a result, the runout of the tool was detected with high speed and accuracy, enabling automatic operation to be stopped before the start of the next machining process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
8. PET detectors with depth-of-interaction and time-of-flight capabilities.
- Author
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Yoshida, Eiji and Yamaya, Taiga
- Abstract
In positron emission tomography (PET), measurements of depth-of-interaction (DOI) information and time-of-flight (TOF) information are important. DOI information reduces the parallax error, and TOF information reduces noise by measuring the arrival time difference of the annihilation photons. Historically, these have been studied independently, and there has been less implementation of both DOI and TOF capabilities because previous DOI detectors did not have good TOF resolution. However, recent improvements in PET detector performance have resulted in commercial PET scanners achieving a coincidence resolving time of around 200 ps, which result in an effect even for small objects. This means that TOF information can now be utilized even for a brain PET scanner, which also requires DOI information. Therefore, various methods have been proposed to obtain better DOI and TOF information. In addition, the cost of PET detectors is also an important factor to consider, since several hundred detectors are used per PET scanner. In this paper, we review the latest DOI–TOF detectors including the history of detector development. When put into practical use, these DOI–TOF detectors are expected to contribute to the improvement of imaging performance in brain PET scanners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Quantitative modeling of perovskite-based direct X-ray flat panel detectors
- Author
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Zihao Song, Gaozhu Wang, Jincong Pang, Zhiping Zheng, Ling Xu, Ying Zhou, Guangda Niu, and Jiang Tang
- Subjects
DQE ,X-ray ,Detector ,Perovskite ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 - Abstract
Abstract Direct X-ray detectors based on semiconductors have drawn great attention from researchers in the pursuing of higher imaging quality. However, many previous works focused on the optimization of detection performances but seldomly watch them in an overall view and analyze how they will influence the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) value. Here, we propose a numerical model which shows the quantitative relationship between DQE and the properties of X-ray detectors and electric circuits. Our results point out that pursuing high sensitivity only is meaningless. To reduce the medical X-ray dose by 80%, the requirement for X-ray sensitivity is only at a magnitude of 103 μCGy−1⋅cm−2. To achieve the DQE = 0.7 at X-ray sensitivity air from 1248 to 8171 μCGy−1 air⋅cm−2, the requirements on dark current density ranges from 10 to 100 nA⋅cm−2 and the fluctuation of current density should fall in 0.21 to 1.37 nA⋅cm−2. Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Advantageous properties of halide perovskite quantum dots towards energy-efficient sustainable applications
- Author
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Qian Zhao, Shuo Wang, Young-Hoon Kim, Shekhar Mondal, Qingqing Miao, Simiao Li, Danya Liu, Miao Wang, Yaxin Zhai, Jianbo Gao, Abhijit Hazarika, and Guo-Ran Li
- Subjects
Perovskite quantum dot ,Light-emitting ,Detector ,Laser ,Solar cell ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
As lead halide perovskite (LHP) semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields, and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area, low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perovskites are showing the potential to make distinct marks in the fields of electronics, optoelectronics and photonics. The so-called perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) not only possess the most important features of LHP materials, i.e., the unusual high defect tolerance, but also demonstrate clear quantum size effects, along with exhibiting desirable optoelectronic properties such as near perfect photoluminescent quantum yield, multiple exciton generation and slow hot-carrier cooling. Here, we review the advantageous properties of these nanoscale perovskites and survey the prospects for diverse applications which include light-emitting devices, solar cells, photocatalysts, lasers, detectors and memristors, emphasizing the distinct superiorities as well as the challenges.
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- 2024
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11. 固定式可燃气体和有毒气体检测器布点设计优化.
- Author
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魏巧玲
- Abstract
Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Modeling of Cluster Decay of Light Nuclei by the Interaction of the 9Be Nucleus with Fast Neutrons in an Ionization Chamber.
- Author
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Skorkin, V. M., Potashev, S. I., and Kasparov, A. A.
- Abstract
To study the cluster structure of light nuclei in the reactions of interaction of fast neutrons with the
9 Be nucleus, the kinematics of the reactions n +9 Be → α +6 He and n +9 Be →8 Be + 2n → 2α + 2n at energies of 1–3 MeV were modeled. It was shown that the characteristics of reaction channels in the interaction of a neutron with a9 Be nucleus can be found by measuring the ionization losses of charged reaction fragments in a multilayer gas-filled charged particle detector with a beryllium converter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Exploring activity concentration measurements of environmental samples containing heavy metals and their remediation.
- Author
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Margret, M., Chandrasekaran, S., and Srinivas, C. V.
- Subjects
- *
HEAVY metals removal (Sewage purification) , *ENVIRONMENTAL sampling , *GERMANIUM detectors , *SOIL density , *SOIL sampling - Abstract
In the present article, a methodology has been discussed to evaluate the influence of activity concentration of soil samples containing heavy metals in the environment. The approach leverages a simulated germanium detector and a cylindrical geometry sample configuration to analyse soil samples with varying densities. The results showed a positive correlation between the soil densities and activity concentration, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.99 indicating that variations in density affect the activity concentration measurements. To mitigate this error, a demonstration of the self-absorption correction as a function of density, being an essential part of the present study has been included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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14. 侧流免疫层析定量检测方法的研究进展.
- Author
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顾佳钰, 胡馨儿, 王晓飞, 张颖, 张海, and 曹岩
- Abstract
Lateral flow immunochromatography assay is a new instantaneous detection technology that employs a chromatographic membrane and labeling materials for detection. This detection technology is convenient, fast, and inexpensive, and is therefore widely used in a number of different fields, such as biomedicine, disease detection, food safety, environmental protection, and so on. Traditional lateral flow immunochromatography assay relied on visual observation and provided only qualitative or semi-quantitative results. By utilizing various types of markers and sensitive detection devices, lateral flow immunochromatography assay enables quantitative and multi-component detection of the analytes. The research progress on the lateral flow immunoassay detection system and its current applications in the context of recognition elements, labeling materials, and detection instruments were reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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15. Guidelines for appropriate use of BirdNET scores and other detector outputs.
- Author
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Wood, Connor M. and Kahl, Stefan
- Subjects
- *
ANIMAL sounds , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *IDENTIFICATION of animals , *DETECTORS , *IDENTIFICATION , *MACHINE learning - Abstract
Machine learning tools capable of identifying animals by sound have proliferated, making the challenge of interpreting their outputs much more prevalent. These tools, like their predecessors, quantify prediction uncertainty with scores that tend to resemble probabilities but are actually unitless scores that are (generally) positively related to prediction accuracy in species-specific ways. BirdNET is one such tool, a freely available animal sound identification algorithm capable of identifying > 6,000 species, most of them birds. We describe two ways in which BirdNET "confidence scores"—and the output scores of other detector tools—can be used appropriately to interpret BirdNET results (reviewing them down to a user-defined threshold or converting them to probabilities), and provide a step-by-step tutorial to follow these suggestions. These suggestions are complementary to common performance metrics like precision, recall, and receiver operating characteristic. BirdNET can be a powerful tool for acoustic-based biodiversity research, but its utility depends on the careful use and interpretation of its outputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
16. Liquid 3He Detectors for Neutrons.
- Author
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Villano, A. N.
- Subjects
- *
NEUTRON counters , *NEUTRON flux , *CRYOGENIC liquids , *ENERGY transfer , *DARK matter - Abstract
The 3 He(n, p) process is excellent for neutron detection between thermal and ∼ 4 MeV because of the high cross section and near-complete energy transfer from the neutron to the proton. Traditional gaseous 3 He detectors using this process typically have high levels of radiogenic backgrounds so that they cannot measure the small neutron fluxes present in underground laboratories for dark matter experiments. I propose a cryogenic liquid 3 He detector that can be designed with tiny radiogenic backgrounds and efficiently measure neutron fluxes in low-flux environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Novel Leak Detector Based on DWT an Experimental Study.
- Author
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Meftah, Sabir, Bentoumi, Miloud, Burhanuddin, Dirman Hanafi, Bakhti, Haddi, and Chabira, Chaima
- Subjects
DISCRETE wavelet transforms ,SIGNAL-to-noise ratio ,NOISE (Work environment) ,DATA analysis ,STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
We always face water leakage problems in underground distribution water networks (DWNs). Existing leak detectors suffer from false alarms due to poor leak signal quality affected by external noise, often collected by acoustic or vibratory sensors. This paper introduces a novel Discrete Wavelet Transform Detector (DWTD) that leverages precise pressure signals non-influenced by environmental noise. Using a prototype of a 100m PEHD pipeline and a diameter of 40mm, Data from two pressure transmitters were collected using a dSPACE MicroLabBox unit. The main idea is to apply the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with a DONOHO threshold law to cancel noises due to water turbulence fluctuations, ensuring high-quality signals for accurate leak detection and localization. As benchmarks to assess the quality of denoising signals three parameters were calculated, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR > 26.6763 dB), Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC≈1), and Mean Square Error (0.20573 < MSE < 48.4761). The denoised temporal signals are obtained from the Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform (IDWT). A Cross-correlation is employed to these signals to determine the leak's location. The experimental validation involves positioning the first and second transmitters at specific distances on both sides of the leak position. This allows for comparison between the actual leak position in advance known and calculated positions at various points and leak sizes. With only a few exceptions where the maximum error rate reached 5 meters from the actual leak position, the detector's effectiveness was proven across tests involving four different leak sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. A survey on action and event recognition with detectors for video data.
- Author
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Liu, Changyu, Huang, Hao, Gao, Zhankai, Pei, Jiawei, Huang, Ziling, and He, Yicong
- Subjects
- *
DEEP learning , *DETECTORS , *RECOGNITION (Psychology) , *VIDEO surveillance - Abstract
In this paper, the development of action and event detectors over the past three decades is summarized. The detectors are divided into 2D detectors, 3D detectors and deep learning detectors according to whether they contain spatial information and whether they use deep learning. This paper briefly introduces the typical detectors of the different types mentioned above, and explains the advantages, disadvantages and characteristics respectively, and compares them. Comparing traditional feature detection methods with ones based on deep learning, we found that the method of first detecting microscopic details such as point, line, surface angle, etc., and then performing action and event recognition is no longer the mainstream of current research. Due to the strong generalization ability, end-to-end action and event recognition methods based on deep learning perform better than traditional methods. Finally, this paper proposes three research directions for action recognition and event recognition based on feature detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Dual‐Function Microwave Devices Based on Metamaterials.
- Author
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Pan, Ze‐Yu, Wu, Hai‐Bin, and Lv, Bo
- Subjects
- *
MICROWAVE devices , *MICROWAVE detectors , *METAMATERIALS , *WIRELESS power transmission , *MICROWAVE power transmission , *THERMOMETERS - Abstract
Microwave detectors play a crucial role in modern technological applications, but traditional detectors suffer from limited functionality, limited detection accuracy, and difficulties in large‐scale deployment. This study proposes a dual‐function microwave detector based on metamaterials, capable of simultaneously measuring microwave power and polarization angle. The detector consists of a metal disc with 12 concave grooves, a dielectric layer, a metal reflector, and a resistive network. The designed detector achieves efficient absorption of 93.54% of microwave energy, with 75.4% dissipated in the resistive component and converted into heat. By detecting the temperature using a thermocouple thermometer, the incoming wave power can be determined, and by discriminating between different resistive temperatures, the polarization angle of the incoming wave can be identified. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the outstanding detection efficiency and stability of this detector. It exhibits a linear response to different incident power densities and polarization angles, showing potential application value in the field of microwave wireless power transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A Multiple Scattering-Based Technique for Isotopic Identification in Cosmic Rays.
- Author
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Dimiccoli, Francesco and Follega, Francesco Maria
- Subjects
MAGNETIC spectrometer ,MULTIPLE scattering (Physics) ,PARTICLE physics ,COSMIC rays ,VELOCITY measurements ,ISOTOPES ,COSMIC ray showers - Abstract
Analyzing the isotopic composition of cosmic rays (CRs) provides valuable insights into the galactic environment and helps refine existing propagation models. A particular interest is devoted to secondary-to-primary ratios of light isotopic components of CRs, the measurement of which can provide complementary information with respect to secondary-to-primary ratios like B/C. Given the complexity of the concurrent measurement of velocity and momentum required to differentiate isotopes of the same Z, a task typically accomplished using magnetic spectrometers, existing measurements of these ratios only effectively characterize the low-energy region (below 1 GeV/nucl). This study introduces a novel technique for isotopic distinction in CRs at high energies up to 100 GeV/nucl based on multiple scattering, which, combined with the proposed measurement of velocity, represent an interesting alternative to magnetic spectrometers. The performance of this technique was assessed through a dedicated simulation using the GEANT4 package, with specific emphasis on Z = 1 isotopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Man-Made Risks in Coal Mining, Transportation, Storage and Consumption and Prospects for Their Minimization
- Author
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Timofeeva, S. S., Timofeev, S. S., Bezaeva, Natalia S., Series Editor, Gomes Coe, Heloisa Helena, Series Editor, Nawaz, Muhammad Farrakh, Series Editor, Radionova, Liudmila V., editor, and Ulrikh, Dmitrii V., editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Research and Application of Neutron Moderation Technology in Nuclear Instrumentation System of NPP
- Author
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Li, Tian-You, Shen, Zhen-Yu, Wang, Ting, Hou, Qi, Peng, Hua-Qing, Deng, Tian, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Gu, Pengfei, editor, Xu, Yang, editor, Chen, Weihua, editor, Wang, Zhongqiu, editor, Sun, Yongbin, editor, and Liu, Zheming, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Microwave Temperature Measurement Methods in Food Processing Industry
- Author
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Subramanian, Shravan Kumar, Choudhary, Pinki, Singh, Vaibhav Raj, Meenu, Maninder, Kalra, Sahil, Barbosa-Cánovas, Gustavo V., Series Editor, Aguilera, José Miguel, Advisory Editor, Candoğan, Kezban, Advisory Editor, Hartel, Richard W., Advisory Editor, Peleg, Micha, Advisory Editor, Rahman, Shafiur, Advisory Editor, Rao, M. Anandha, Advisory Editor, Roos, Yrjö, Advisory Editor, Welti-Chanes, Jorge, Advisory Editor, Pratap Singh, Anubhav, editor, Erdogdu, Ferruh, editor, Wang, Shaojin, editor, and Ramaswamy, Hosahalli S., editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Anxiety Monitoring Parameters Assessment for Archery Athletes Among Universities in Malaysia
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Kamarudin, Nur Khalijah, Ahmad, Wan Nurlisa Wan, Adib, Mohd Azrul Hisham Mohd, Lovell, Nigel H., Advisory Editor, Oneto, Luca, Advisory Editor, Piotto, Stefano, Advisory Editor, Rossi, Federico, Advisory Editor, Samsonovich, Alexei V., Advisory Editor, Babiloni, Fabio, Advisory Editor, Liwo, Adam, Advisory Editor, Magjarevic, Ratko, Advisory Editor, Mohamed, Zulkifli, editor, Ngali, Mohd Zamani, editor, Sudin, Suhizaz, editor, Ibrahim, Mohamad Fauzi, editor, and Casson, Alexander, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Pre-detection of Fire Accidents in Locomotive with Microcontroller
- Author
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Chennaiah, Mallapuram Bala, Babu, G. Dilli, Kumar, K. Dilip, Kumar, P. Nanda, Krishnaiah, M. Sivarama, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Tolio, Tullio A. M., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Schmitt, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Raghavendra, Gujjala, editor, Deepak, B. B. V. L., editor, and Gupta, Manoj, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The HaloSat and PolarLight CubeSat Missions for X-ray Astrophysics
- Author
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Feng, Hua, Kaaret, Philip, Bambi, Cosimo, editor, and Santangelo, Andrea, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Detection of Railways Through Axle Detection Patterns Using Inductive Proximity Sensors
- Author
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Ariani, Lusi, Winjaya, Fathurrozi, Rachman, Natriya Faisal, Chan, Albert P. C., Series Editor, Hong, Wei-Chiang, Series Editor, Mellal, Mohamed Arezki, Series Editor, Narayanan, Ramadas, Series Editor, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Series Editor, Ong, Hwai Chyuan, Series Editor, Sachsenmeier, Peter, Series Editor, Sun, Zaicheng, Series Editor, Ullah, Sharif, Series Editor, Wu, Junwei, Series Editor, Zhang, Wei, Series Editor, Pradipta, Andri, editor, Wirawan, Willy Artha, editor, Kobayashi, Hiroyasu, editor, and Prasetijo, Joewono, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Mechanical properties analysis and structural optimization of CEPC detector barrel iron yoke
- Author
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Xia, Shang, Ji, Quan, Zhang, Junsong, Yang, Yi, Shu, Chang, and Shi, Yangshan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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29. Novel approach of thionyl chloride detection and disposal using a benzimidazole-based derivative: perspectives and proposals
- Author
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Kabaňová, N. and Tokárová, Z.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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30. Development of a next generation imaging, photon counting detector
- Author
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Sudjai, Thawatchai
- Subjects
UV photon counting detector ,imaging ,high resolution ,detector ,physics ,thesis - Abstract
This research had been focusing to develop a large format UV photon counting detector which matches the requirements of next-generation space telescopes, such as the proposed Large UV Optical Infrared Surveyor. The LinoSPAD, SAMPIC, and TOFPET electronic fast timing readout device performances were investigated. They were operated in multi-channel mode of measurement. The APD detector was used to detect the illuminating light source for LinoSPAD and TOFPET. SAMPIC and TOFPET were tested with an MCP detector using a pixelated readout device. The three very fast timing electronic multichannel readout devices with two detectors, were tested and analysed in the experimental work. The accuracy of their energy and timing characteristics such as energy in ADC units, signal amplitude, time resolution and time-over-threshold, was measured to see if they provide accurate charge measurement necessary for high spatial resolution with the MCP detector. The various centroiding techniques were used to calculate the centre position of the charge cloud footprint. The measurement of energy, amplitude, and time-over-threshold performance of the SAMPIC and TOFPET was evaluated for sub-pixel centroiding to achieve high spatial resolution with the MCP. The signal's amplitude and time over threshold centroiding were successfully used to calculate the centre position of charge cloud footprint. All-pixels Gaussian fitting can be used to centroiding the charge cloud footprint with highly precision, but lower accuracy as the calculated positions have an offset from the actual position. The 3-cross Gaussian, Parabola, and Lorentzian fitting appear more suitable to centroiding a charge cloud footprint with some acceptable linear distortion.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Development of 3D diamond detectors for particle physics and dosimetry
- Author
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Porter, Alice, Oh, Alexander, and Evans, Justin
- Subjects
dosimetry ,laser processing ,CVD ,3D ,diamond ,detector - Abstract
3D diamond detectors are made by inscribing vertical electrode columns in the bulk of the material. In this work, the electrodes are made by focusing a femto-second laser inside the crystal to create graphitic paths. The processing of the columns has been optimised with dynamic adaptive optics, using a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). Control of the processing with an SLM has led to new design features in 3D diamond detectors, such as implementing horizontal electrodes inside the bulk and use of graphitisation in place of conventional surface metal. The thesis demonstrates the applications in the advancements of 3D diamond detector design for specific applications and outlines the motivations for the future viability of full scale 3D diamond devices. Prototype 3D diamond detectors have been designed to meet the specifications for the upgrade of the ATLAS diamond beam conditions monitor for the high luminosity LHC. The horizontal connections reduce the volume of low field regions inside the bulk of the device and provide a level of redundancy. Structures were fabricated with both cubic and hexagonal 3D cell shapes. The prototypes structures were tested using particle beams. The tested device showed charge collection efficiency consistent with $100~\%$ and improved uniformity in response between the front and back side of the detector relative to previous 3D diamond detectors with only vertical electrodes. Diamond is of interest to medical dosimetry as it is a material closer to body tissue equivalence than other available detector substrates. A 3D diamond dosimeter prototype with surface graphitisation in place of conventional metallisation was tested. The dosimeter tested is completely carbon based, apart from the connections beyond the metallic wire bonds. This device showed response linear with dose rate in both laboratory and clinical dose ranges. The fabrication parameters for laser processing have been studied, evaluating the importance of the use of the SLM in fabricating columns for detector use. The laboratory set-up available at the University of Manchester has been qualified in this work to produce horizontal and vertical graphitic paths.
- Published
- 2023
32. A Multiple Scattering-Based Technique for Isotopic Identification in Cosmic Rays
- Author
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Francesco Dimiccoli and Francesco Maria Follega
- Subjects
particle physics ,detector ,multiple scattering ,RICH ,isotope ,spectrometer ,Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity ,QC770-798 - Abstract
Analyzing the isotopic composition of cosmic rays (CRs) provides valuable insights into the galactic environment and helps refine existing propagation models. A particular interest is devoted to secondary-to-primary ratios of light isotopic components of CRs, the measurement of which can provide complementary information with respect to secondary-to-primary ratios like B/C. Given the complexity of the concurrent measurement of velocity and momentum required to differentiate isotopes of the same Z, a task typically accomplished using magnetic spectrometers, existing measurements of these ratios only effectively characterize the low-energy region (below 1 GeV/nucl). This study introduces a novel technique for isotopic distinction in CRs at high energies up to 100 GeV/nucl based on multiple scattering, which, combined with the proposed measurement of velocity, represent an interesting alternative to magnetic spectrometers. The performance of this technique was assessed through a dedicated simulation using the GEANT4 package, with specific emphasis on Z = 1 isotopes.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Simulation of avalanche low-gain sensor performance in X-ray detection
- Author
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M. Dansi and M.B. Fathi
- Subjects
x-ray ,radiography ,detector ,low gain avalanche sensor ,Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity ,QC770-798 - Abstract
X-ray applications in imaging and beyond require efficient and optimal detectors. Energy separation, time loss, and manufacturing cost are among the features that led us to design a semiconductor detector. A low-gain avalanche diode (LGAD) with internal amplification allows, in a sufficient field, the internal propagation process by accelerating the carriers, the energy required for ionization, and the generation of secondary carriers to produce a better gain (higher signal-to-noise ratio) and also provide more time efficiency (in the range of nanoseconds). In this article, we simulate the LGAD silicon detector with Silvaco software by applying reverse bias voltage and radiation in the range of visible light to X-ray. Newton and Gummel's methods were used. In Newton's method, one of the mechanisms of radiation interaction with matter is considered variable and the rest are fixed. However, in Gummel's method, all mechanisms are solved simultaneously. In the X-ray wavelength range, the electron current in this detector is 10-4 amperes, and this current decreases with increasing energy. The dark current is 10-6 amperes. By applying visible light with 0.45-micrometer wavelength and 1 V/cm2 intensity, the detector current was obtained about 6.5×10-4 amperes. For 1.0×10-5 x-ray wavelength and 108 V/cm2 intensity, detector current was obtained about 3.5×10-4 amperes. Considering the quick response time of this detector and the current in the range of microamps, this detector is a suitable option for X-ray detection. Also, this detector shows superior performance in the visible light range.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Assessing the sensitivity and suitability of a range of detectors for SIMT PSQA.
- Author
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Dunn, Leon, Tamborriello, Alessia, Subramanian, Brindha, Xu, Xiaolei, and Ruruku, Tyrone Te
- Subjects
DETECTORS ,MEDICAL dosimetry ,RADIATION dosimetry ,STEREOTACTIC radiotherapy ,QUALITY assurance ,COLLIMATORS - Abstract
Purpose: Single‐isocenter multi‐target intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy (SIMT) is an effective treatment for brain metastases with complex treatment plans and delivery optimization necessitating rigorous quality assurance. This work aims to assess five methods for quality assurance of SIMT treatment plans in terms of their suitability and sensitivity to delivery errors. Methods: Sun Nuclear ArcCHECK and SRS MapCHECK, GafChromic EBT Radiochromic Film, machine log files, and Varian Portal Dosimetry were all used to measure 15 variations of a single SIMT plan. Variations of the original plan were created with Python. They comprised various degrees of systematic MLC offsets per leaf up to 2 mm, random per‐leaf variations with differing minimum and maximum magnitudes, simulated collimator, and dose miscalibrations (MU scaling). The erroneous plans were re‐imported into Eclipse and plan‐quality degradation was assessed by comparing each plan variation to the original clinical plan in terms of the percentage of clinical goals passing relative to the original plan. Each erroneous plan could be then ranked by the plan‐quality degradation percentage following recalculation in the TPS so that the effects of each variation could be correlated with γ pass rates and detector suitability. Results & conclusions: It was found that 2%/1 mm is a good starting point for the ArcCHECK, Portal Dosimetry, and the SRS MapCHECK methods, respectively, and provides clinically relevant error detection sensitivity. Looser dose criteria of 5%/1 mm or 5%/1.5 mm are suitable for film dosimetry and log‐file‐based methods. The statistical methods explored can be expanded to other areas of patient‐specific QA and detector assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Thermalization of Mesh Reinforced Ultra-Thin Al-Coated Plastic Films: A Parametric Study Applied to the Athena X-IFU Instrument.
- Author
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Montinaro, Nicola, Sciortino, Luisa, D'Anca, Fabio, Lo Cicero, Ugo, Bozzo, Enrico, Paltani, Stéphane, Todaro, Michela, and Barbera, Marco
- Subjects
- *
PLASTIC films , *METALLIC films , *POLYIMIDE films , *FINITE element method , *FOCAL planes , *HEAT flux - Abstract
The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is one of the two focal plane detectors of Athena, a large-class high energy astrophysics space mission approved by ESA in the Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 Science Program. The X-IFU consists of a large array of transition edge sensor micro-calorimeters that operate at ~100 mK inside a sophisticated cryostat. To prevent molecular contamination and to minimize photon shot noise on the sensitive X-IFU cryogenic detector array, a set of thermal filters (THFs) operating at different temperatures are needed. Since contamination already occurs below 300 K, the outer and more exposed THF must be kept at a higher temperature. To meet the low energy effective area requirements, the THFs are to be made of a thin polyimide film (45 nm) coated in aluminum (30 nm) and supported by a metallic mesh. Due to the small thickness and the low thermal conductance of the material, the membranes are prone to developing a radial temperature gradient due to radiative coupling with the environment. Considering the fragility of the membrane and the high reflectivity in IR energy domain, temperature measurements are difficult. In this work, a parametric numerical study is performed to retrieve the radial temperature profile of the larger and outer THF of the Athena X-IFU using a Finite Element Model approach. The effects on the radial temperature profile of different design parameters and boundary conditions are considered: (i) the mesh design and material, (ii) the plating material, (iii) the addition of a thick Y-cross applied over the mesh, (iv) an active heating heat flux injected on the center and (v) a Joule heating of the mesh. The outcomes of this study have guided the choice of the baseline strategy for the heating of the Athena X-IFU THFs, fulfilling the stringent thermal specifications of the instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. An interband cascade laser based heterodyne detector with integrated optical amplifier and local oscillator.
- Author
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Dal Cin, Sandro, Windischhofer, Andreas, Pilat, Florian, Leskowschek, Michael, Pecile, Vito F., David, Mauro, Beiser, Maximilian, Weih, Robert, Koeth, Johannes, Marschick, Georg, Hinkov, Borislav, Strasser, Gottfried, Heckl, Oliver H., and Schwarz, Benedikt
- Subjects
OPTICAL detectors ,SEMICONDUCTOR optical amplifiers ,HETERODYNE detection ,LASERS ,OPTICAL amplifiers ,DETECTORS - Abstract
Heterodyne detection based on interband cascade lasers (ICL) has been demonstrated in a wide range of different applications. However, it is still often limited to bulky tabletop systems using individual components such as dual laser setups, beam shaping elements, and discrete detectors. In this work, a versatile integrated ICL platform is investigated for tackling this issue. A RF-optimized, two-section ICL approach is employed, consisting of a short section typically used for efficient modulation of the cavity field and a long gain section. Such a laser is operated in reversed mode, with the entire Fabry–Pérot waveguide utilized as a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and the electrically separated short section as detector. Furthermore, a racetrack cavity is introduced as on-chip single-mode reference generator. The field of the racetrack cavity is coupled into the SOA waveguide via an 800 nm gap. By external injection of a single mode ICL operating at the appropriate wavelength, a heterodyne beating between the on-chip reference and the injected signal can be observed on the integrated detector section of the SOA-detector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. β衰变型自给能堆芯中子探测器灵敏度K因子研究.
- Author
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于稼驷
- Abstract
Copyright of Nuclear Safety is the property of Nuclear & Radiation Safety Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
38. Измерение распределения дозы гамма-излучения с помощью дрона дискретным методом измерения.
- Author
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Молнар, А.
- Abstract
Copyright of Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical science & Technology series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Evaluation of Radioactivity Levels in Soil Samples from Assosa City in Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia.
- Author
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Kidane, Yared Birhane, Deressu, Tilahun Tesfaye, and Belete, Guadie Degu
- Abstract
AbstractThe specific activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil samples collected from suburban areas of Assosa City was measured using a High purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The average specific activity concentrations of 238U and 232Th exceed the recommended safe value of 35.0 and 30.0 Bq kg−1, respectively. For 40K, the average activity concentration is below the recommended safe value of 400.0 Bq kg−1. The calculated mean value of the absorbed dose rate is 72.8 ± 3.72 nGy h−1 which exceed the recommended safe value of 59 nGy h−1. The calculated mean annual effective dose equivalent values for indoor and outdoor are 2.11 ± 0.1 mSv y−1 and 0.52 ± 0.02 mSv y−1, respectively. The calculated mean values of the internal hazard index, external hazard index, and gamma index are 0.43 ± 0.013, 0.56 ± 0.01, and 0.5 ± 0.01, respectively, and those values are below the recommended safe value of one. The mean value of excessive lifetime cancer risk is above the threshold value of 0.29 × 10−3. From this study, it is recommended that Assosa soil needs further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. 13N 超高纯锗单晶的制备与性能研究.
- Author
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顾小英, 赵青松, 牛晓东, 狄聚青, 张家瑛, 肖 溢, and 罗 恺
- Abstract
13N ultra-high purity germanium single crystal is the core material for producing ultra-high purity germanium detectors. This article obtains reduced germanium ingots by reduction method, then purifies them by horizontal zone refining method to obtain 12N high-purity germanium polycrystals, and finally grows 13N ultra-high purity germanium single crystals by Czochralski method. The performance of 13N ultra-high purity germanium single crystal was tested and studied through lowtemperature Hall test, dislocation density test, and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) detection. The low-temperature Hall results show that the average mobility of the crystal head cross-section is 4. 515 × 104 cm² ·V-1 ·s-1, the carrier concentration is 1. 176 ×1010 cm-3, and the conductivity is p-type, the dislocation density at the crystal head is 2 256 cm-2. The average mobility of the tail section is 4. 620 ×104 cm² ·V-1 ·s-1, the carrier concentration is 1. 007 ×1010 cm-3, and the conductivity type is p-type, the dislocation density at the tail of the crystal is 2 589 cm-2. The concentration of deep level impurities in the crystal is 1.843 ×109 cm-3. The results indicate that the crystal is 13N ultra-high purity germanium single crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
41. Detector development for particle physics.
- Author
-
Waid, Simon, Maier, Jürgen, Gaggl, Philipp, Gsponer, Andreas, Sieberer, Patrick, Babeluk, Maximilian, and Bergauer, Thomas
- Abstract
Copyright of e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. 火灾烟与粉尘混合颗粒光散射矩阵特性研究.
- Author
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吕海平 and 张启兴
- Abstract
Copyright of Fire Safety Science is the property of Fire Safety Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Signal-to-Noise Ratio Analysis Based on Different Space Remote Sensing Instruments
- Author
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Lei Zhang, Bo Li, Hanshuang Li, Guochao Gu, and Xiaoxu Wang
- Subjects
Detector ,energy transfer ,signal-to-noise ratio ,space remote sensing ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis is a crucial component of optical system development for space remote sensing instruments. It serves as a quantitative assessment of the imaging quality and radiometric characteristics of space remote sensing. This paper utilizes the working principles and energy transfer principles of space remote sensing instruments to conduct SNR analysis and model development for commonly used spaceborne imagers, spaceborne imaging spectrometers, micro-optical remote sensing instruments, and point-source spatial targets. Additionally, the paper also examines the impact of the presence and width of slits in different space environments on the SNR of space remote sensing instruments. The calculation results indicate that the analysis of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for different space remote sensing instruments requires the establishment of distinct SNR models. The magnitude of SNR primarily depends on crucial factors such as optical system quality, detector performance, and the space environment. Therefore, in the instrument design and data processing processes, it is essential to consider how to maximize SNR and establish more accurate corresponding SNR models to provide high-quality remote sensing data.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Modeling of Cluster Decay of Light Nuclei by the Interaction of the 9Be Nucleus with Fast Neutrons in an Ionization Chamber
- Author
-
Skorkin, V. M., Potashev, S. I., and Kasparov, A. A.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Development of an enhanced online tritium monitoring system using plastic scintillation fiber array
- Author
-
Cheng, Wen-Yu, Deng, Ke, Zeng, You-Shi, Liu, Wei, and Zhang, Qin
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Study of a metal-halide perovskite CsPbBr3 thin film deposited on a 10 B layer for neutron detection.
- Author
-
Delgado, Jessica C, Provenzano, Chiara, Marra, Marcella, Martino, Maurizio, Monteduro, Anna Grazia, Moretto, Sandra, Pino, Felix, Polo, Matteo, Quarta, Gianluca, and Caricato, Anna Paola
- Subjects
- *
NEUTRON counters , *THERMAL neutrons , *PARTICLE detectors , *THIN films , *PEROVSKITE , *MONTE Carlo method - Abstract
Metal halide perovskite materials have received significant attention in recent years due to their promising properties and potential applications, particularly their use as scintillator detectors, which is rapidly emerging due to their promising advantages as detectors, such as low costs, fast response, high quantum yield, strong absorption, scalability, flexibility, and emission wavelength tunability. Given the effectiveness of perovskites as α particle detectors and the potential of 10B as a neutron converter, in this paper a 10B converting layer was coupled with an all-inorganic lead halide perovskite (CsPbBr3) layer aiming to create a thermal neutron detector. Specifically, a 1 µ m thin film of 10B and a 1 µ m thin layer of CsPbBr3 were deposited on a suitable substrate using a laser ablation process. The fabricated detector was subjected to a comprehensive characterization, including structural, morphological, and detection properties. As output, the films exhibit macroscopically uniform behavior and good adhesion to the substrate. In terms of thermal neutron efficiency, an efficiency of (7.9 ± 0.3)% was determined with respect to a commercial detector (EJ-426), which corresponds to an intrinsic efficiency of (2.5 ± 0.1)%. Also, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted, and the optimum value of the 10B layer thickness was found to be 2.5 µ m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Chemical Stability of Metal Halide Perovskite Detectors.
- Author
-
Zhang, Bin, Xue, Bin, Xiao, Shuang, and Wang, Xingzhu
- Subjects
- *
METAL halides , *CHEMICAL stability , *DETECTORS , *PEROVSKITE , *PROTON beams , *ELECTRON beams , *PHOTOELECTRICITY - Abstract
Metal halide perovskite (MHP) detectors are highly esteemed for their outstanding photoelectric properties and versatility in applications. However, they are unfortunately prone to degradation, which constitutes a significant barrier to their sustained performance. This review meticulously delves into the causes leading to their instability, predominantly attributable to factors such as humidity, temperature, and electric fields and, notably, to various radiation factors such as X-rays, γ-rays, electron beams, and proton beams. Furthermore, it outlines recent advancements in strategies aimed at mitigating these detrimental effects, emphasizing breakthroughs in composition engineering, heterostructure construction, and encapsulation methodologies. At last, this review underscores the needs for future improvements in theoretical studies, material design, and standard testing protocols. In the pursuit of optimizing the chemical stability of MHP detectors, collaborative efforts are in an imperative need. In this way, broad industrial applications of MHP detectors could be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. SPLENDAQ: A Detector-Agnostic Data Acquisition System for Small-Scale Physics Experiments.
- Author
-
Watkins, Samuel L.
- Subjects
- *
DATA acquisition systems , *PHYSICS experiments , *CONDENSED matter , *NOISE measurement , *ACQUISITION of data , *TIME-domain analysis - Abstract
Many scientific applications from rare-event searches to condensed matter system characterization to high-rate nuclear experiments require time-domain triggering on a raw stream of data, where the triggering is generally threshold-based or randomly acquired. When carrying out detector R &D, there is a need for a general data acquisition (DAQ) system to quickly and efficiently process such data. In the SPLENDOR collaboration, we are developing the Python-based SPLENDAQ package for this exact purpose—it offers two main features for offline analysis of continuous data: a threshold triggering algorithm based on the time-domain optimal filter formalism and an algorithm for randomly choosing nonoverlapping segments for noise measurements. Combined with the commercially available Moku platform, developed by Liquid Instruments, we have a full pipeline of event building off raw data with minimal setup. Here, we review the underlying principles of this detector-agnostic DAQ package and give concrete examples of its utility in various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Experimental apparatus for detection of radiative decay of 229Th isomer from Th-doped CaF2.
- Author
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Hiraki, Takahiro, on behalf of the collaboration, Beeks, Kjeld, Bartokos, Michael, Fujimoto, Hiroyuki, Fukunaga, Yuta, Haba, Hiromitsu, Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka, Kitao, Shinji, Leitner, Adrian, Masuda, Takahiko, Ming, Guan, Nagasawa, Nobumoto, Ogake, Ryoichiro, Okai, Koichi, Pimon, Martin, Pressler, Martin, Sasao, Noboru, Schaden, Fabian, and Schumm, Thorsten
- Subjects
- *
PHOTOMULTIPLIERS , *ULTRAVIOLET lasers , *FREQUENCY standards , *EXCITED states , *ISOMERS , *RADIOACTIVE decay - Abstract
Among all the nuclei, Thorium-229 has the lowest excited level at approximately 8.3 eV. This level is an isomeric state with a long radiative lifetime. Therefore, 229 Th can be excited to the isomeric state using a vacuum ultraviolet laser and is expected to have applications such as in frequency standards. Our group has been conducting experiments to excite 229 Th to the isomeric state via the second excited state using the high-intensity X-ray beam available at the SPring-8 facility. To detect vacuum ultraviolet photons from the isomeric state of 229 Th, a dedicated apparatus was constructed. We employed 229 Th-doped CaF 2 crystals as the irradiation target. Because these targets emit numerous scintillation photons due to nuclear decay and X-ray beam irradiation, detectors are required to significantly reduce these background events. To achieve this, we adopted dichroic mirrors and a photomultiplier tube for detecting scintillation photons by nuclear decay, in addition to a solar-blind photomultiplier tube for detecting decay photons from the isomeric state of 229 Th. In this proceedings paper, we describe the experimental apparatus used in the beamtime in 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. New Hellenistic Coin Finds from the Baysun and Kugitang Piedmonts, Southern Uzbekistan (season 2018).
- Author
-
Stančo, Ladislav, Shaydullaev, Shapulat, Militký, Jiří, Kmošek, Matěj, and Bek, Tomáš
- Subjects
- *
COIN collecting , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL expeditions , *SILVER-copper alloys , *METAL detectors - Abstract
The article presents assemblage of Seleucid and Greco-Bactrian coins found by the Czech-Uzbek archaeological expedition in the frame of a sampling metal detector survey in the upper reaches of Sherabad Darya, from the sites of the Darband Wall, Daganajam, Kurganzol and Iskandar Tepa in 2018. Sixteen specimens, of both silver and copper alloys, which were determined including a very rare Seleukos I (?) coin are assessed not only from the numismatic and historical point of view, but also analysed in terms of elemental composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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