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Considerable evidence suggests a close relationship between vascular and degenerative pathology in the human hippocampus. Due to the intrinsic fragility of its vascular network, the hippocampus appears less able to cope with hypoperfusion and anoxia than other cortical areas. Although hippocampal blood supply is generally provided by the collateral branches of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and the anterior choroidal artery (AChA), different vascularization patterns have been detected postmortem. To date, a methodology that enables the classification of individual hippocampal vascularization patterns in vivo has not been established. In this study, using high-resolution 7 Tesla time-of-flight angiography data (0.3 mm isotropic resolution) in young adults, we classified individual variability in hippocampal vascularization patterns involved in medial temporal lobe blood supply in vivo. A strong concordance between our classification and previous autopsy findings was found, along with interesting anatomical observations, such as the variable contribution of the AChA to hippocampal supply, the relationships between hippocampal and PCA patterns, and the different distribution patterns of the right and left hemispheres. The approach presented here for determining hippocampal vascularization patterns in vivo may provide new insights into not only the vulnerability of the hippocampus to vascular and neurodegenerative diseases but also hippocampal vascular plasticity after exercise training., Highlights • First attempt to classify human hippocampal vascularization in vivo using 7Tesla Angiography • Good concordance between in vivo findings and autopsy studies • A new avenue to investigate interindividual variability in hippocampal vascular plasticity • A new avenue for linking individual vascular anatomical phenotypes to neurodegenerative and vascular pathology

Aims Therapeutic oral anticoagulation on hospital admission reduces morbidity and mortality after acute ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In order to assess the impact of INR-level on admission on stroke volume, lesion pattern and the frequency of intracranial arterial occlusion, we analysed serial MRI measurements in AF patients suffering acute ischaemic stroke. Methods and results This subgroup analysis of the prospective '1000Plus' study included patients with acute ischaemic stroke and known AF or a first episode of AF in hospital. All patients underwent serial brain magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke patients were categorized as follows: Group1, phenprocoumon intake, international normalized ratio (INR) ≥1.7 on admission, no thrombolysis; Group2, INR