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In this paper, we report a new kind of beam, named "spoon-like" beams, generated with the exponential phase. The intensity distributions and transverse energy flow of the spoon-like beam at the focal plane are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The results demonstrate that the size of the spoon-like beam becomes enlarged with the increasing power exponent n, and the length of the spoon-like intensity trajectory becomes shorter with the increasing parameter p. Furthermore, there is an intensity gradient along the spoon-like trajectory of the beam, which introduces the intensity-gradient force exerted onto microparticles. The experiment on optical tweezers demonstrates that the focused beams can create spoon-like traps for the two-dimensional manipulation of particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the diffraction theory, the diffraction properties of the beam generated by Gaussian mirror through the misaligned optical system with aperture are studied in detail. Two methods are used for solving the light field of the beam generated by Gaussian mirror through the misaligned optical system. Two analytical expressions derived by two different methods are consistent approximately when the diffraction aperture is very small. The numerical examples show that the diffraction beam will deviate obviously from the beam center when the misalignment line deviation and angle deviation are too large. M 2 -factor of the beam generated by Gaussian mirror is given by the numerical calculations. Therefore, the results can provide the references for studying the optical properties of the beam generated by Gaussian mirror. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]