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Abstract This study develops and validates three photochemical inversion models to retrieve atomic oxygen ion density ([O+]) profiles from 630.0 nm airglow emissions in the mid-latitude ionosphere during geomagnetically quiet period. Using passive ground-based instruments and empirical models, the models were tested and compared against electron density data from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) and DPS-4 digisonde at Irkutsk. Among the models, Inversion Model 3 showed the strongest agreement with observations, particularly in capturing seasonal variations such as the June–July peak and a secondary March–April peak, which were absent in IRI-2012 predictions. These results highlight the potential of Inversion Model 3 for accurate [O+] retrieval, offering a novel approach for monitoring ionospheric variability using passive photometric observations.

This study develops and validates three photochemical inversion models to retrieve atomic oxygen ion density ([O+]) profiles from 630.0 nm airglow emissions in the mid-latitude ionosphere during geomagnetically quiet period. Using passive ground-based instruments and empirical models, the models were tested and compared against electron density data from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) and DPS-4 digisonde at Irkutsk. Among the models, Inversion Model 3 showed the strongest agreement with observations, particularly in capturing seasonal variations such as the June–July peak and a secondary March–April peak, which were absent in IRI-2012 predictions. These results highlight the potential of Inversion Model 3 for accurate [O+] retrieval, offering a novel approach for monitoring ionospheric variability using passive photometric observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mineral iron plays a crucial role in facilitating the optimal functioning of numerous biological processes within the cellular environment. These processes involve the transportation of oxygen, energy production, immune system functioning, cognitive abilities, and muscle function. However, it is crucial to note that excessive levels of iron can result in oxidative damage within cells, primarily through Fenton reactions. Iron availability and toxicity present significant challenges that have been addressed through evolution. Ferritin is an essential protein that stores iron and is divided into different subfamilies, including DNA-binding proteins under starvation (Dps), bacterioferritin, and classical ferritin. Ferritin plays a critical role in maintaining cellular balance and protecting against oxidative damage. This study delves into ferritin's evolutionary dynamics across diverse taxa, emphasizing structural features and regulatory mechanisms. Insights into ferritin's evolution and functional diversity are gained through phylogenetic and structural analysis in bacterial Dps, bacterioferritin, and classical ferritin proteins. Additionally, the involvement of ferritin in plant stress responses and development is explored. Analysis of ferritin gene expression across various developmental stages and stress conditions provides insights into its regulatory roles. This comprehensive exploration enhances our understanding of ferritin's significance in plant biology, offering insights into its evolutionary history, structural diversity, and protective mechanisms against oxidative stress. [Display omitted] • Iron is crucial in facilitating the numerous biological processes in the cell. • Excessive iron causes oxidative damage within cells. • Ferritin stores excess iron and is divided into three families including classical ferritin, bacterioferritin, and DPS. • The evolution and functional diversity of ferritin are gained through phylogenetic and structural analysis. • Expression profiles showed abiotic stress-responsive alteration of Arabidopsis ferritin transcripts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect of Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on the Profitability (ROA) of Islamic commercial banks listed on the Financial Services Authority for the period 2017-2023. The independent variables used are NPF, FDR, and GCG which are proxied by the ratio of the number of independent commissioners and the number of commissioners and the frequency of Sharia Supervisory Board meetings. The dependent variable used is the return on assets (ROA). The results of this study indicate that Non-Performing Financing (NPF) has an effect on profitability (ROA), while Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR), Independent Board of Commissioners (DKI), and Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) have no significant effect on the profitability of Islamic commercial banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, (Z)-2-((E)-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)hydrazono)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one 7 (C17H12N4O2S) as a hybrid molecule is synthesized under an easy method and analytically ascertained by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR, Mass, and UV–vis. spectroscopies. The optimized geometry of the synthesized hybrid molecule 7 is acquired using DFT-assisted calculations involving B3LYP equation with 6-31G(d,p) as a basis set level. At the same level, TD-DFT calculations are performed to collect the theoretical UV–vis. spectrum of the hybrid molecule 7. The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the hybrid molecule 7 are studied under irradiation with a cw laser beam. The nonlinear refractive index (NLRI), n2, of the hybrid molecule 7 is estimated via diffraction patterns (DPs) and Z-scan. The all optical switching is tested for the hybrid molecule 7 using two, cw, laser beams. Both static and dynamic all-optical switching are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption behavior of recombinant cage-shaped proteins with carbon nanotube (CNT)-binding peptides on carbon surfaces was quantitatively and dynamically analyzed using a highly stable quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Two types of CNT-binding peptide aptamers obtained by the phage display method were attached to the N- and C-termini of the Dps (DNA-binding protein derived from starved cells) to produce carbonaceous material-binding Dps. The carbon adsorption ability of the mutant Dps was studied by QCM measurement using a carbon-coated QCM sensor. The produced peptide aptamer-modified Dps showed higher affinity than a wild Dps and also showed higher adsorption capacity than a previously used Dps with carbon nanohorn-binding peptides. The newly obtained peptide aptamers were proven to provide Dps with high adsorption affinity on carbon surfaces. Furthermore, the aptamer modified to the N-terminus of the Dps subunit showed more efficient adsorption than the aptamers attached to the C-terminus of the Dp, and the linker was found to improve the adsorption ability.

The adsorption behavior of recombinant cage-shaped proteins with carbon nanotube (CNT)-binding peptides on carbon surfaces was quantitatively and dynamically analyzed using a highly stable quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Two types of CNT-binding peptide aptamers obtained by the phage display method were attached to the N- and C-termini of the Dps (DNA-binding protein derived from starved cells) to produce carbonaceous material-binding Dps. The carbon adsorption ability of the mutant Dps was studied by QCM measurement using a carbon-coated QCM sensor. The produced peptide aptamer-modified Dps showed higher affinity than a wild Dps and also showed higher adsorption capacity than a previously used Dps with carbon nanohorn-binding peptides. The newly obtained peptide aptamers were proven to provide Dps with high adsorption affinity on carbon surfaces. Furthermore, the aptamer modified to the N-terminus of the Dps subunit showed more efficient adsorption than the aptamers attached to the C-terminus of the Dp, and the linker was found to improve the adsorption ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bacterial chromosome is both highly supercoiled and bound by an ensemble of proteins and RNA, causing the DNA to form a compact structure termed the nucleoid. The nucleoid serves to condense, protect, and control access to the bacterial chromosome through a variety of mechanisms that remain incompletely understood. The nucleoid is also a dynamic structure, able to change both in size and composition. The dynamic nature of the bacterial nucleoid is particularly apparent when studying the effects of various stresses on bacteria, which require cells to protect their DNA and alter patterns of transcription. Stresses can lead to large changes in the organization and composition of the nucleoid on timescales as short as a few minutes. Here, we summarize some of the recent advances in our understanding of how stress can alter the organization of bacterial chromosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to present the efficacy analysis of electric vehicle (EV) charging/discharging process as a sink or a distributed energy source (DES) in the framework of LFC problem of multi-area multi-source deregulated power system (MAMS-DPS). The energy storage/extraction of EVs acts as a noteworthy role in mitigation of deviation frequency of DPS. A problem of AGC system for two-area DPS having two thermal power generators of non-reheat type and aggregated fleet of EVs in each area is considered to study here. The electric power contract between the distribution (DISCOs) and generation (GENCOs) companies in the restructured environment of DPS is specified through a contract participation matrix named as the DPM. In DPS area deviation frequency, generated and tie-line powers fluctuate in case of variation of load. To resolve these problems the efficacy of EV is accessed applying the optimal control scheme using TLBO algorithm and compared performances with the control schemes based on the optimization algorithms of GA as well as PSO, and PI, PID control schemes. The comparative performance of responses of system variables of the deviation frequency, generated power, and tie-line power are analysed applying the control schemes as PI control for without/with EV cases, and PID control, and the GA/PSO/TLBO-tuned PI/PID control schemes for with EV case. The TLBO-PID control scheme outperforms to mitigate the deviations observing the steady-state error, undershoot, overshoot, and settling time performance indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the biochemical, structural, and functional characterization of the protein coded by gene PA4880 in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 genome. The PA4880 gene had been annotated as coding a probable bacterioferritin. Our structural work shows that the product of gene PA4880 is a protein that adopts the Dps subunit fold, which oligomerizes into a 12-mer quaternary structure. Unlike Dps, however, the ferroxidase di-iron centers and iron coordinating ligands are buried within each subunit, in a manner identical to that observed in the ferroxidase center of P. aeruginosa bacterioferritin. Since these structural characteristics correspond to Dps-like proteins, we term the protein as P. aeruginosa Dps-like, or Pa DpsL. The ferroxidase centers in Pa DpsL catalyze the oxidation of Fe2+ utilizing O2 or H2O2 as oxidant, and the resultant Fe3+ is compartmentalized in the interior cavity. Interestingly, incubating Pa DpsL with plasmid DNA results in efficient nicking of the DNA and at higher concentrations of Pa DpsL the DNA is linearized and eventually degraded. The nickase and endonuclease activities suggest that Pa DpsL, in addition to participating in the defense of P. aeruginosa cells against iron-induced toxicity, may also participate in the innate immune mechanisms consisting of restriction endonucleases and cognate methyl transferases.

Lead-free halide double perovskites (DPs) with superior photoelectric performance are of great importance in perovskites materials family. In this paper, a series of rare-earth (RE) based Cs 2 NaRECl 6 (RE = Y, Ce–Nd, Sm–Gd, Dy–Lu) DPs microcrystals (MCs) were prepared by convenient hydrothermal method. Cs 2 NaCeCl 6 and Cs 2 NaEuCl 6 MCs exhibit typical UV emission from the 5d→4f transition of Ce3+ and orange-red emission from characteristic 5D 1 → 7F 0 , 5D 0 → 7F 1 , 5D 0 → 7F 2 , 5D 0 → 7F 3 , 5D 0 → 7F 4 transitions of Eu3+, respectively. The blue light emissions of Cs 2 NaYCl 6 (300–650 nm) and Cs 2 NaLuCl 6 (300–550 nm) are from the respective self-trapped exciton states (STEs). In addition, the bandgap and partial density of state (PDOS) of Cs 2 NaRECl 6 (RE = Ce, Eu, Y, Lu) were calculated based on density functional theory (DFT) to have a further insight into the optical properties of the RE-DPs. The as-prepared RE based DPs have potential applications in advanced lighting, displaying and anti-counterfeiting, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development and application of renewable energy, the advantages of DC distribution system are becoming more and more obvious. In the DC distribution system, the DC transformer is a component that connects different voltage DC bus and realizes the connection between DC bus and the renewable energy. Its efficiency and dynamic performance are of great significance. Among them, DAB has been widely studied. In DAB, the current stress is related to the conduction loss of switches. Therefore, this paper first studies the basic principle and basic electrical characteristics under DPS control, and uses the KKT condition to solve the optimization problem with the goal of optimizing the current stress. In order to improve the dynamic performance, this paper proposes power compensation control considering the difference between the theoretical calculation and the actual transmission power. Finally, the simulation is built in PLECS. By comparing SPS control and the optimized control in this paper, it is proved that the optimized control in this paper can reduce the current stress and reduce the loss under the same transmission power. Compared with the traditional PI control, the power compensation control can improve the start-up time and reduce the output voltage variation and recovery time when the load suddenly changes.

The internal structure of the DP has long been a topic of debate in the study of Modern Standard Arabic. This is due not only to the comprehensive agreement in ϕ-features, Case, and definiteness between the adjective and its head noun, but also to the difference in meaning depending on the relative placement of the adjective in relation to the noun within the DP. Previous studies have proposed two distinct basic structures for Arabic DPs, employing the notions of Agree or Feature Checking. However, these operations do not necessarily trigger the displacement of syntactic objects in the derivation, nor do they adequately capture the correlation of semantic patterns with their relevant syntactic derivations. This paper argues instead that both patterns of the Arabic DP can be derived from a unified syntactic structure and treats the agreement in definiteness differently from that of ϕ-features and Case. The presence or absence of agreement in definiteness, considering two possible positions of the adjective and their interpretations of the DP, are accounted for in terms of the parametric variations of the feature on the head D within the framework of the Minimalist Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The scale-up of hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis and treatment requires affordable and simple tools to improve access to care, especially in low- and middle-income settings with limited infrastructure or high-risk populations. Dried blood and plasma samples (DBS and DPS) are useful alternative for hepatitis C detection in settings lacking adequate infrastructure. We evaluated the performance of DBS and DPS vs plasma in a point-of-care HCV RNA quantitative assay (Xpert HCV Viral Load-Cepheid), and compared HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) detection by the Architect HCV core antigen assay (Abbott) in DBS vs serum. The dried samples were stored at room temperature for different storage times to reproduce the time from sampling to testing in settings with centralized diagnosis or when testing mobile populations. HCV RNA quantification in DBS and DPS presented 100% sensitivity and specificity and a high correlation for up to 3 months of storage. HCV viremia showed a mean decrease of 0.5 log10 IU/mL (DBS) and 0.3 log10 IU/mL (DPS) for storage times up to 1 month. Architect HCVcAg detection presented high sensitivity/specificity (96%/100%) in DBS tested immediately after sampling, decreasing to 86% sensitivity after 7 days of storage. However, sensitivity increased when an optimized cut-off was applied for each storage time. We conclude that DBS and DPS are suitable samples for HCV RNA detection and quantification, being DPS more reliable for shorter storage times. DBS can be also used for HCVcAg qualitative detection and the sensitivity can be increased when adjusting the cut-off values. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis C infection remains a global burden despite the effectiveness of antivirals. In the WHO roadmap to accomplish HCV elimination by 2030, HCV diagnosis is one of the main targets. However, identifying patients in resource-limited settings and high-risk populations with limited access to healthcare remains a challenge and requires innovative approaches that allow decentralized testing. The significance of our research is in verifying the good performance of dried samples for HCV diagnosis using two different diagnostics assays and considering the effect of room temperature storage in this sample format. We confirmed dried samples are an interesting alternative for HCV screening and reflex testing in resource-limited settings or high-risk populations.

Weak economic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is an important role for the capital market in supporting the country's economy. This study aims to determine the effect of ROE, EPS, DPS, and DPR on the company's market capitalization. The population used in this study are consumer goods industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and listed on the LQ45 Index for the 2015 - 2020 period. Purposive sampling technique is used in this study and the type of research uses the panel data regression method with the help of the Eviews 10 data processing application. The independent variables in this study are ROE, EPS, DPS, and DPR and the dependent variable is market capitalization. The results of this study partially show that ROE has an insignificant effect, EPS and DPS have no significant effect, and DPR has a significant positive effect on Market Capitalization (KP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel azo dye compound, Ethyl (E)-4-((5-hydroxy-3,4-bis(hydroxyl methyl)-6-methyl. pyridin-2-yl)diazenyl)benzoate (EAB), have been synthesized by the coupling reaction and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-and 13C-NMR, Mass, and UV–visible spectroscopies. The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the EAB compound via the finding of the nonlinear refractive index (NRI) using continuous wave (cw), low power 473 nm, TEM00 mode laser beam have been studied via the diffraction patterns (DPs) and the Z-scan. Effect of power input of the laser beam, types of beam wavefront and temporal variation of the DPs are discussed. The all-optical switching (AOS) using two laser beams is proved to occur in this compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bis-3-sulfopropyl-disulfide (SPS) is the most common electroplating accelerator, but the presence of large amounts of Cu(I) can break acceleration and cause surface defects in electrodeposited copper. This article first discovered that 3-N,N-dimethylaminodithiocarba-moyl-1-propane sulfonate (DPS) is not affected by Cu(I). Firstly, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic measurements (GM) are used to explore the relationship between SPS, 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate (MPS), Cu(II), and Cu(I). Meanwhile, the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) is applied to comparing the formation of Cu(I) in cathode and anode for copper Electroplating solutions with different accelerators, including SPS and DPS. Subsequently, SEM and XRD are used to observe the effect of Cu(I) on the electrodeposited copper surfaces which are obtained in different electroplating solutions. Finally, the molecular electrostatic potential and bond energy between Cu(I) and accelerators are analyzed by the simulation calculations. In summary, DPS can produce less Cu(I) in anode and prevent defects of copper surface morphology and brightness caused by Cu(I). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A distributed pressure sensor (DPS) is proposed for groundwater pressure monitoring. • The feasibility of the DPS was verified. • The DPS was used for pumping test and compared with traditional pressure sensor. • The DPS provides an innovative means for groundwater pressure monitoring. Groundwater pressure is a key parameter in the analysis of ground subsidence laws and disaster-causing factors. However, existing sensors make it difficult to achieve distributed and accurate measurements of groundwater pressure. This paper presents a new distributed pressure sensor (DPS) based on optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) for groundwater pressure accurate measurement. The comprehensive temperature influence coefficient was proposed to eliminate the influence of temperature. Tests were conducted to verify the performance of the DPS and analyze the influencing factors. Finally, the proposed method was applied to on-site monitoring of groundwater pressure in Ningbo, China. The test results show that a smaller helically wound pitch length of the fiber optic and a larger diameter piezoresistive element are conducive to improving the sensitivity of the sensor. The on-site monitoring results indicate that the DPS has obvious advantages over traditional pressure sensors and is an innovative means for groundwater pressure measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the structural, biochemical, and functional characterization of the product of gene PA0962 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The protein, termed Pa Dps, adopts the Dps subunit fold and oligomerizes into a nearly spherical 12-mer quaternary structure at pH 6.0 or in the presence of divalent cations at neutral pH and above. The 12-Mer Pa Dps contains two di-iron centers at the interface of each subunit dimer, coordinated by conserved His, Glu, and Asp residues. In vitro, the di-iron centers catalyze the oxidation of Fe2+ utilizing H2O2 (not O2) as an oxidant, suggesting Pa Dps functions to aid P. aeruginosa to survive H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. In agreement, a P. aeruginosa Δdps mutant is significantly more susceptible to H2O2 than the parent strain. The Pa Dps structure harbors a novel network of Tyr residues at the interface of each subunit dimer between the two di-iron centers, which captures radicals generated during Fe2+ oxidation at the ferroxidase centers and forms di-tyrosine linkages, thus effectively trapping the radicals within the Dps shell. Surprisingly, incubating Pa Dps and DNA revealed unprecedented DNA cleaving activity that is independent of H2O2 or O2 but requires divalent cations and 12-mer Pa Dps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper continues the series of publications by the authors devoted to solving the problem of recognition regions with potential high seismicity. It is aimed at the development of the mathematical apparatus and the algorithmic base of the FCAZ method, designed for effective recognition of earthquake-prone areas. A detailed description of both the mathematical algorithms included in the FCAZ in its original form and those developed in this paper is given. Using California as an example, it is shown that a significantly developed algorithmic FCAZ base makes it possible to increase the reliability and accuracy of FCAZ recognition. In particular, a number of small zones located at a fairly small distance from each other but having a close "internal" connection are being connected into single large, high-seismicity areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type VI secretion system (T6SS), a protein translocation nanomachine, is widely distributed in Gram-negative bacteria and delivers effectors directly into target cells or the extracellular environment to help the bacteria gain a competitive fitness advantage and promote bacterial survival in harmful environments. In this study, we demonstrated that the synthesis of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was inhibited by the H3-T6SS gene cluster under iron-rich conditions, and that this inhibition was relieved under iron starvation conditions. Conversely, PQS differentially regulated the expression of the H3-T6SS structural genes and the effector protein gene tseF. The expression of tseF was inhibited by PQS, while the expressions of the H3-T6SS structural genes were positively regulated by PQS. Further studies showed that the H3-T6SS was involved in the resistance of P. aeruginosa to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Interestingly, H3-T6SS expression was neither induced by H2O2 stress nor regulated by OxyR (a global anti-oxidative transcriptional regulator) but was positively regulated by RpoS (a major transcription regulator of the stress response). In addition, we found that the clpV3 (a structural gene of H3-T6SS) mutation resulted in upregulation of two proteins related to PQS synthesis and many proteins related to oxidative stress resistance, while the expression of some iron storage proteins, especially Dps, were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, the clpV3 mutation led to an increase in the intracellular free Fe2+ content of P. aeruginosa. Further studies showed that both the PQS deficient mutation and overexpression of dps effectively restored the H2O2 sensitive phenotype of the H3-T6SS mutant. Finally, we proposed the following model of H3-T6SS-mediated resistance to H2O2 stress in P. aeruginosa. H3-T6SS not only reduces the intracellular free Fe2+ level by upregulating the expression of ferritin Dps, but also inhibits the synthesis of PQS to mediate the resistance of P. aeruginosa to H2O2 stress. This study highlights the important role of H3-T6SS in the ability of P. aeruginosa to combat H2O2 stress and provides a perspective for understanding the stress response mechanism of bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study aims to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on the performance of Islamic Banks (IBs). Data were collected from 14 IBs listed on the Financial Services Authority (OJK) during 2013–2019. The multiple regression results empirically show that SSB with the academic position as professor shows a significant positive relationship on IBs performance. Meanwhile, SSB with doctoral education has no positive relationship with IBs performance. Although it is not positively correlated, doctoral education is still needed but with a background in law or sharia education, economics including finance or accounting, and muamalah. Educational background is proven to have a significant positive relationship with IBs' performance. Meanwhile, SSB, which only has a finance or accounting background, does not positively affect IBs' performance. In addition, GCG shows a very significant positive relationship with the IBs' performance. It indicates that effective and efficient governance by the Board of Directors, Board of Commissioners, and SSB through implementing better GCG and sharia principles will improve IBs performance. ========================================================================================================== ABSTRAK – Bagaimana Kaitan Dewan Pengawas Syariah dan Good Corporate Governance dengan Kinerja Bank Syariah? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik Dewan Pengawas Syariah (DPS) dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) terhadap kinerja Bank Syariah (BS) di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dari 14 BS yang terdaftar di OJK selama periode 2013-2019. Berdasarkan hasil regresi berganda secara empiris menunjukkan bahwa DPS yang memiliki jabatan akademik sebagai profesor menunjukkan hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan kinerja BS. Sedangkan DPS dengan pendidikan doktor tidak memiliki hubungan positif dengan kinerja BS. Walaupun tidak berkorelasi positif, pendidikan doktor tetap diperlukan tetapi dengan latar belakang pendidikan hukum atau syariah, ekonomi termasuk keuangan atau akuntansi, dan muamalah. Karena latar belakang pendidikan tersebut terbukti memiliki hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan kinerja BS. Sedangkan DPS yang hanya berlatar belakang keuangan atau akuntansi tidak menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan kinerja BS. Selain itu, GCG menunjukkan hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan dengan kinerja BS. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tata kelola yang efektif dan efisien oleh Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris, dan DPS melalui penerapan prinsip-prinsip GCG dan syariah yang lebih baik akan meningkatkan kinerja BS.

In this study, polycrystalline tungsten and tungsten carbide samples were irradiated with gamma rays at energies of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV, respectively. The irradiation was performed using an "MRX-γ-25 M" radiation camera with an activity of approximately 6.54 Gy/s. Doppler positron spectroscopy (DPS) and positron lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) were utilized to investigate the mechanisms of defect formation in the polycrystalline structure of tungsten samples at different doses of gamma irradiation. In the initial tungsten sample, a significant number of free monovacancy (1 V) clusters were present. An increase in the positron lifetime component τ 1 was observed with increasing gamma irradiation, accompanied by a decrease in its intensity. The τ 2 value (218 ± 2 ps) suggests the presence of divacancies with a considerable intensity (∼20%). As the gamma dose accumulated, a dynamic evolution of structural defects was evident. The tungsten carbide (WC) samples displayed greater plasticity in response to increasing gamma irradiation doses. Changes in the void volume ratio within the samples were recorded as the gamma dose increased, and movement of these voids towards the surface was observed. Additionally, the operational limits of gamma-irradiated tungsten were assessed, determining a functional threshold of up to 3.378 MGy. This study provides valuable insights into the defect dynamics and structural changes in tungsten and tungsten carbide under gamma irradiation, contributing to the understanding of their behavior in radiation environments. • Polycrystalline tungsten and tungsten carbide were irradiated with gamma source (60Co) with a dose rate (D) of 6.05Gy/s. • No main tungsten and tungsten carbide phase transition upon irradiation. • In 4709 kGy dose, clusters of one tungsten vacancy and di-vacancy of tungsten and carbon are mostly present in the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Structural and functional characterization of Dps protein from Mycobacterium smegmatis with DNA. • We pinpointed several arginine residues, which are responsible for DNA binding in lattice arrangement of MsDps2. • We identified the region close to N-terminal of MsDps2 confers the DNA binding property. • High-resolution structural characterization of MsDps2 and N-terminal truncated MsDps2. DNA binding protein from starved cells (Dps) is a miniature ferritin complex, which plays a vital role in protecting bacterial DNA during starvation to maintain the integrity of bacteria under hostile conditions. Several approaches, including cryo-electron tomography, have been previously implemented by other research groups to decipher the structure of the Dps protein bound to DNA. However, none of the structures of the Dps-DNA complex was resolved to high resolution to identify the DNA binding residues. Like other bacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis also expresses Dps2 (called MsDps2), which binds DNA to protect it under oxidative stress conditions. In this study, we implemented various biochemical and biophysical studies to characterize the DNA protein interactions of Dps2 protein from Mycobacterium smegmatis. We employed single-particle cryo-EM-based structural analysis of MsDps2-DNA complexes and identified that the region close to the N-terminus confers the DNA binding property. Based on cryo-EM data, we also pinpointed several arginine residues, proximal to the DNA binding region, responsible for DNA binding. We also performed mutations of these residues, which dramatically reduced the MsDps2-DNA interaction. In addition, we proposed a model that elucidates the mechanism of DNA compaction, which adapts a lattice-like structure. We performed single-molecule imaging of MsDps2-DNA interactions that corroborate well with our structural studies. Taken together, our results delineate the specific MsDps2 residues that play an important role in DNA binding and compaction, providing new insights into Mycobacterial DNA compaction mechanisms under stress conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we reported a rapid, sensitive, robust, and validated method for atenolol quantification in dried plasma spots (DPS) by liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) using parallel reaction monitoring mode (PRM). Aliquots of 25 µL human plasma were placed onto Whatman 903 Cards and air-dried. Disks (3.2 mm internal diameter) were punched, and a 100 µL working internal standard solution was added to each sample and then incubated on a shaker for 15 min at 40 °C, followed by rapid centrifugation (10,000× g, 10 s). The supernatant was transferred into 300 µL vials for subsequent LC–HRMS analysis. After chromatographic separation, atenolol and the internal standard were quantified in positive-ion parallel reaction monitoring mode by detection of all target product ions at 10 ppm tolerances. The total time of the analysis was 5 min. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 5–1000 ng/mL with interday and intraday precision levels and biases of <14.4%, and recovery was 62.9–81.0%. The atenolol in DPS was stable for ≥30 days at 25 and 4 °C. This fully validated method is selective and suitable for atenolol quantitation in DPS using LC–HRMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of research suggests that inflammatory insult contributes to the etiology of central nervous system diseases, such as depression, Alzheimer's disease, and so forth. However, the effect of prenatal systemic inflammation exposure on offspring brain development and cerebral susceptibility to inflammatory insult remains unknown. In this study, we utilized the prenatal inflammatory insult model in vivo and the neuronal damage model in vitro. The results obtained show that prenatal maternal inflammation exacerbates LPS-induced memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, brain inflammatory response, and significantly increases protein expressions of COX-2, DP2, APP, and Aβ, while obviously decreasing that of DP1 and the exploratory behaviors of offspring rats. Meloxicam significantly inhibited memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, and down-regulated the expressions of APP, Aβ, COX-2, and DP2, whereas significantly increased exploring behaviors and the expression of DP1 in vivo. Collectively, these findings suggested that maternal inflammation could cause offspring suffering from inflammatory and behavioral disorders and increase the susceptibility of offspring to cerebral pathological factors, accompanied by COX-2/PGD-2/DPs pathway activation, which could be ameliorated significantly by COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DNA-binding protein from starved cells (Dps) takes a special place among dodecamer mini-ferritins. Its most important function is protection of bacterial genome from various types of destructive external factors via in cellulo Dps–DNA co-crystallization. This protective response results in the emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and other drugs. The protective properties of Dps have attracted a significant attention of researchers. However, Dps has another equally important functional role. Being a ferritin-like protein, Dps acts as an iron depot and protects bacterial cells from the oxidative damage initiated by the excess of iron. Here we investigated formation of iron oxide nanoparticles in the internal cavity of the Dps dodecamer. We used anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering as the main research technique, which allows to examine the structure of metal-containing biological macromolecules and to analyze the size distribution of metal nanoparticles formed in them. The contributions of protein and metal components to total scattering were distinguished by varying the energy of the incident X-ray radiation near the edge of the metal atom absorption band (the K-band for iron). We examined Dps specimens containing 50, 500, and 2000 iron atoms per protein dodecamer. Analysis of the particle size distribution showed that, depending on the iron content in the solution, the size of the nanoparticles formed inside the protein molecule was 2 to 4 nm and the growth of metal nanoparticles was limited by the size of the protein inner cavity. We also found some amount of iron ions in the Dps surface layer. This layer is very important for the protein to perform its protective functions, since the surface-located N-terminal domains determine the nature of interactions between Dps and DNA. In general, the results obtained in this work can be useful for the next step in studying the Dps phenomenon, as well as in creating biocompatible and solution-stabilized metal nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Sharia compliance is an absolute requirement that must be fulfilled by financial institutions that conduct business activities based on sharia principles as a manifestation of the characteristics of Islamic financial institutions. Supervisory Board (SB) contribution oversees and is responsible for ensuring all products and procedures of Islamic banks are by sharia principles. This study aims to measure the ratio of participation, effectiveness and efficiency of the sharia supervisory board to Islamic banking in Indonesia. This study used the AHP method with three indicators; the rate of contributions measured through sharia branch office in public Islamic bank and sharia business unit, to the effectiveness ratio measured by the total productive assets variable in public Islamic and sharia businesses unit, while the efficiency ratio is measured by aggregate variables of operating expenses and labour costs for Islamic public bank and sharia businesses unit. Based on this research, here are some critical result such as the ratio of the overall contribution is useful. The effectiveness ratio shows that the Supervisory Board (SB) is ineffective or not valuable for lending activities in Islamic banks based on Islamic public bank branch offices and sharia businesses unit. And the results for efficiency ratios indicate that overall Supervisory Board (SB) is less efficient for Islamic banks when issuing operational costs on Supervisory Board (SB) contributions.

In this research paper, the author attempted to measure the profitability as well as financial performance of the FMCG sector of India for a period from 2004 to 2018, considering seven FMCG companies listed on BSE and NSE in India. To judge the financial performance of the companies with the help of profitability trend analysis is one of the modern concepts of performance measurement. In this research paper, five profitability ratios such as return on net worth, earnings per share, dividend per share, dividend pay-out ratio, and return on capital employed for 15 years have been collected and found out composite ratios by using 'paid up capital' as weight and obtained the weighted mean of these ratios. Mann-Kendall test has been applied to test the trend of profitability of the selected ratios. After analysis, it has been noticed that there is a significant trend in the profitability ratios. In all the cases, a positive trend has been noticed. Therefore, we can say that the investor can invest their fund in these companies considering the COVID-19 situation also. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper continues the series of publications by the authors devoted to solving the problem of recognition regions with potential high seismicity. It is aimed at the development of the mathematical apparatus and the algorithmic base of the FCAZ method, designed for effective recognition of earthquake-prone areas. A detailed description of both the mathematical algorithms included in the FCAZ in its original form and those developed in this paper is given. Using California as an example, it is shown that a significantly developed algorithmic FCAZ base makes it possible to increase the reliability and accuracy of FCAZ recognition. In particular, a number of small zones located at a fairly small distance from each other but having a close “internal” connection are being connected into single large, high-seismicity areas.

Brucellae are facultative intracellular coccobacilli causing brucellosis, one of the most widespread bacterial zoonosis affecting wildlife animals, livestock and humans. The genus Brucella comprises classical and atypical species, such as Brucella suis and Brucella microti, respectively. The latter is characterized by increased metabolic activity, fast growth rates, and extreme acid resistance at pH 2.5, suggesting an advantage for environmental survival. In addition, B. microti is more acid-tolerant than B. suis at the intermediate pH of 4.5. This acid-resistant phenotype of B. microti may have major implications for fitness in soil, food products and macrophages. Our study focused on the identification and characterization of acid resistance determinants of B. suis and B. microti in Gerhardt’s minimal medium at pH 4.5 and 7.0 for 20 min and 2 h by comparative RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis, validated by RT-qPCR. Results yielded a common core response in both species with a total of 150 differentially expressed genes, and acidic pH-dependent genes regulated specifically in each species. The identified core response mechanisms comprise proton neutralization or extrusion from the cytosol, participating in maintaining physiological intracellular pH values. Differential expression of 441 genes revealed species-specific mechanisms in B. microti with rapid physiological adaptation to acid stress, anticipating potential damage to cellular components and critical energy conditions. Acid stress-induced genes encoding cold shock protein CspA, pseudogene in B. suis, and stress protein Dps were associated with survival of B. microti at pH 4.5. B. suis response with 284 specifically regulated genes suggested increased acid stress-mediated protein misfolding or damaging, triggering the set-up of repair strategies countering the consequences rather than the origin of acid stress and leading to subsequent loss of viability. In conclusion, our work supports the hypothesis that increased acid stress resistance of B. microti is based on selective pressure for the maintenance of functionality of critical genes, and on specific differential gene expression, resulting in rapid adaptation.

Brucellae are facultative intracellular coccobacilli causing brucellosis, one of the most widespread bacterial zoonosis affecting wildlife animals, livestock and humans. The genus Brucella comprises classical and atypical species, such as Brucella suis and Brucella microti , respectively. The latter is characterized by increased metabolic activity, fast growth rates, and extreme acid resistance at pH 2.5, suggesting an advantage for environmental survival. In addition, B. microti is more acid-tolerant than B. suis at the intermediate pH of 4.5. This acid-resistant phenotype of B. microti may have major implications for fitness in soil, food products and macrophages. Our study focused on the identification and characterization of acid resistance determinants of B. suis and B. microti in Gerhardt's minimal medium at pH 4.5 and 7.0 for 20 min and 2 h by comparative RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis, validated by RT-qPCR. Results yielded a common core response in both species with a total of 150 differentially expressed genes, and acidic pH-dependent genes regulated specifically in each species. The identified core response mechanisms comprise proton neutralization or extrusion from the cytosol, participating in maintaining physiological intracellular pH values. Differential expression of 441 genes revealed species-specific mechanisms in B. microti with rapid physiological adaptation to acid stress, anticipating potential damage to cellular components and critical energy conditions. Acid stress-induced genes encoding cold shock protein CspA, pseudogene in B. suis , and stress protein Dps were associated with survival of B. microti at pH 4.5. B. suis response with 284 specifically regulated genes suggested increased acid stress-mediated protein misfolding or damaging, triggering the set-up of repair strategies countering the consequences rather than the origin of acid stress and leading to subsequent loss of viability. In conclusion, our work supports the hypothesis that increased acid stress resistance of B. microti is based on selective pressure for the maintenance of functionality of critical genes, and on specific differential gene expression, resulting in rapid adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]