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Contemporary Kurdish variety groups exhibit considerable variation with respect to the lenition of voiced stops. This paper presents a first systematic overview of lenition across major varieties of Kurdish, drawing on published data and a recent questionnaire developed for studying phonological variation within Kurdish. Following recent studies on lenition, a distinction is made between lenition as a process related to earlier stages of language and lenition as a synchronically active process. Analysing diachronic sound changes in Kurdish as well as the synchronic lenition phenomena in its dialects, we conclude that while at earlier stages, Kurdish varieties favoured the lenition of voiced stops across different phonological environments, synchronically, lenition of voiced stops tends to be phonologically active only in the southernmost dialects of Central Kurdish and neighbouring Southern Kurdish and Gorani dialects, and with a limited extent, in the westernmost outliers of Northern Kurdish. It is argued that the synchronic lenition in the Gorani contact zone arose through innovation in Gorani and spread to Kurdish through substratum interference or originated in diffusion from Southern Kurdish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines elision in Dangme, a Kwa language spoken in parts of the Greater Accra, Eastern and Volta Regions of Ghana. The paper aims at accounting for vocalic, consonantal and syllabic deletions in Dangme. This study is formalized within the Autosegmental theoretical framework with tools like association lines linking segments to their CV tiers and also delinking tools showing segmental and syllabic deletions where applicable. The study shows that in Dangme, syllabic and segmental elision is realized within a lexical item, a morpheme or word boundary, and word finals. We further demonstrate that elision in Dangme is a morpho-phonological phenomenon as established in several other languages. Morphological factors that trigger elision in Dangme include compounding with specific reference to clause compounds, reduplication involving numerals and adjectival elements, and nominalization. Some specific pronominal objects and postpositions at morpheme finals also trigger segmental deletion. Elision in Dangme could be leftward or rightward at morpheme boundaries where either V1 or V2 could undergo elision depending on the contexts. The study also shows that, syllable deletion is realized in some compound names where either CV1 or CV2 may undergo elision. Compensatory lengthening is realized when CV1 undergoes the elision process in such contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis sociolingüístico sobre la variación de la /s/ en posición implosiva en el español hablado de la ciudad de Sevilla. Para ello, se han empleado las 24 entrevistas semidirigidas que conforman los materiales del corpus PRESEEA-Sevilla correspondientes al nivel sociocultural bajo. En particular, nos proponemos comprobar qué factores lingüísticos y sociales influyen en la realización de las distintas variantes articulatorias del fonema /s/ (sibilancia, aspiración, elisión, asimilación y aspiración con asimilación). Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis cuantitativo de los datos y posteriormente se ha realizado un análisis estadístico de correlaciones bivariantes y de regresión logística para averiguar la incidencia de las variables independientes en la realización de la /s/ implosiva cuando todas ellas actúan simultáneamente. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la variante elidida representa la tendencia mayoritaria (coincidiendo con otras ciudades andaluzas como Málaga y Granada), seguida de la variante aspirada.

This article argues for the inclusion of verbal and nominal ellipsis in the Spanish as a Second Language classroom, mainly at intermediate and advanced levels. A qualitative analysis of Spanish textbooks and grammar manuals reveals that ellipsis processes are frequently ignored in this type of teaching materials. A succinct linguistic description of the main elliptical processes in Spanish (verbal ellipsis, nominal, fragments, and null complement anaphora) is presented and a series of sample learning activities are proposed for the practice of these constructions and their inclusion in teaching materials. At the same time, I argue for the importance of the so-called discourse grammar and of the mechanisms of discourse coherence and cohesion, of which ellipsis is an example, in the construction of complex discourse and, consequently, in the integral teaching of Spanish as a second language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phonetic forms of morphemes may undergo changes depending on the phonetic context they are situated in. These changes are more prominent in verbal structures. The present article investigates two processes of vowel elision and assimilation in Kalhori Kurdish subjunctive/imperative prefix. To this end, after collecting relevant data through interviewing 10 Kalhori Kurdish speakers living in Eslamabad-e Gharb, the alternating forms of this prefix were extracted, and the underlying form was obtained. The phonological changes were analyzed in Optimality Theory, with the phonological form as the input. The results from the collected data show that of the subjunctive/imperative morpheme /bə-/, three phonetic forms of [bə-], [b-], and [bu-] are obtained, with the last two formed by elision and assimilation processes, respectively; and for them to be formed, markedness constraints have to dominate faithfulness constraints. It was also revealed through the analyses that for explaining assimilation in Optimality Theory, the whole place of articulation must be targeted rather than the individual phonological features.

El carácter metaficcional de la novela Bonsái (2006) del escritor chileno Alejandro Zambra ha sido ampliamente comentado por la crítica literaria; no así su autoficcionalidad. A través del estudio de la figura del narrador, los tipos de omisiones presentes en el texto y diversos elementos extraliterarios que conforman la poética del autor, este artículo comprueba cómo la narrativa elíptica y autoficcional de la novela representa un abandono de la tradición literaria realista y problematiza sobre las relaciones entre ficción y realidad. Ambos mecanismos narrativos de la obra —elisión y autoficción— le manifiestan constantemente al lector que se encuentra frente al producto de un proceso de escritura abierto, en el que participan tanto las (in)decisiones de su narrador como las interpretaciones de los lectores que completan los vacíos del texto.

This study focuses on the modifications caused by elision in Ancient Greek prosodic structure. It is shown that elision not only changes the position of accent in oxytones. More accurately, elision carries out the systematic redistribution of the words surface metrical features. Such redistribution changes word size (number of syllables), as well as class (type according to tone position) and prosodic value (orthotonesis). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é propor uma descrição dos três processos de sândi vocálico externo no português vernacular de São Tomé (PST): a degeminação (DG), a elisão (EL) e a ditongação (DT). A partir de um corpus composto por 113 sentenças distintas que apresentavam o encontro vocálico em fronteira de palavra (V#V), analisamos a produção de seis informantes santomenses, totalizando 216 ocorrências por falante ou 1315 tokens totais. Com auxílio do Praat, inspecionamos os dados e mensuramos o encontro vocálico e, quando este era desfeito, a vogal resultante, de modo a detectarmos a implementação dos fenômenos. Esses, por sua vez, também foram analisados conforme diferentes fronteiras (palavra e frase fonológica; sintagma entoacional) e proeminências prosódicas (lexical e de palavra fonológica), além de serem considerados fatores segmentais como a qualidade vocálica dos segmentos-alvo. Constatamos que os três processos são produtivos no PST: 32% DG; 36% EL; 52.5% DT. Ademais, ocorrem em diferentes fronteiras prosódicas: palavra fonológica (ω + ω), frase fonológica (ϕ + ϕ), e, no caso da ditongação, entre sintagmas entoacionas (IP+IP) desde que sua fronteira não seja delimitada por pausa. Em relação ao acento, a proeminência da frase fonológica foi o fator preponderante para impedir os processos em evidência, bloqueando a degeminação, caso o acento da segunda vogal coincidisse com o acento da frase fonológica. Já para a elisão e para a ditongação, o bloqueio ocorreu quando as duas vogais portavam o acento da frase fonológica. Palavras-chave: Sândi; Fonologia; Português; Elisão; Degeminação; Ditongação. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to propose a description of three processes of external vowel sandhi in São Tomé vernacular Portuguese (PST): degemination (DG), elision (EL) and diphthongization (DT). All three processes are found in PST: 32% DG; 36% EL; 52.5% DT. Working with six Santomean informants, we analyzed a corpus of 113 sentences with vowel encounters in word boundaries (V#V). Then, we measured the duration of vowel encounters or the single resulting vowel when the encounter was undone. Factors such as the nature of the prosodic boundaries (phonological word, phonological phrase, and intonational phrase), prosodic stress (lexical and phonological word), and vowel quality are crucial to implementing sandhi processes. However, they occur in different prosodic settings: diphthongization occurs between intonation phrases (IP+IP) insofar their boundary is not limited by a pause. In contrast, elision and degemination occur in phonological word boundaries (ω + ω) and phonological phrase boundaries (ϕ + ϕ). The prominence of the phonological phrase was the preponderant factor in preventing all processes, blocking degemination whenever phonological phrase stress matches with a stressed second vowel. For elision and diphthongization, sandhi was blocked when two stressed vowels co-occurred with the stress of a phonological phrase. Keywords: External vowel sandhi; Phonology; Portuguese; Degemination; Elision; Diphthongization.

The phonetic forms of morphemes may undergo changes depending on the phonetic context they are situated in. These changes are more prominent in verbal structures. The present article investigates two processes of vowel elision and assimilation in Kalhori Kurdish subjunctive/imperative prefix. To this end, after collecting relevant data through interviewing 10 Kalhori Kurdish speakers living in Eslamabad-e Gharb, the alternating forms of this prefix were extracted, and the underlying form was obtained. The phonological changes were analyzed in Optimality Theory, with the phonological form as the input. The results from the collected data show that of the subjunctive/imperative morpheme/bə-/, three phonetic forms of [bə-], [b-], and [bu-] are obtained, with the last two formed by elision and assimilation processes, respectively; and for them to be formed, markedness constraints have to dominate faithfulness constraints. It was also revealed through the analyses that for explaining assimilation in Optimality Theory, the whole place of articulation must be targeted rather than the individual phonological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the phonetic variation of the fricative phoneme /s/ in non-professional speakers from Santiago, Chile. It was found that the elision of the /s/ phoneme is the most common variant and is mainly conditioned by the occlusive consonant context. Additionally, it is observed that the aspiration and elision of the /s/ phoneme entail changes in syllabic structure and in the gemination of the involved consonants. These results have pedagogical implications in the teaching of Spanish as a first and foreign language, and demonstrate the existence of variation between professional speech and the speech of lower classes in Santiago, Chile. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista de Estudos da Linguagem is the property of Revista de Estudos da Linguagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There seems to be confusion in the data presented by some authors (see Onuora, 2012; Emenanjo, 1991; Ngoesi, 2000; Omozuwa, 2021) in explaining elision and assimilation in Igbo; as similar items are presented as assimilation on one hand, and as elision on the other hand. While Onuora (2012); Emenanjo (1991); and Ngoesi (2000) claim that the vowels are first completely assimilated before they are elided, Omozuwa (2021) does not see any assimilation in them; for him, they are all cases of elision. This aroused the researchers' curiosity, leading to the investigation of vowel elision and assimilation in Igbo through oral data and data from these authors. The study uses perceptual, acoustic and theoretical analysis to study the duration of the vowels in order to clarify the contentious issue. The findings reveal that apart from a few instances of diachronic elision, all the vowels analysed as elided in the studies are only assimilated; not elided. They are instances of complete vowel assimilation where the phonetic features of one vowel are completely assimilated by another vowel, making the vowels to be identical. Such identical vowels align with theoretical analysis as instances of assimilation, they are perceptually longer in length than their single counterparts, and they clearly show that their duration, whether they bear same or different tones, is approximately double the duration of a single vowel of same acoustic features. Also, the study does not confirm earlier claims that elision and assimilation in Igbo occur only in fast, casual speech; instead, it shows them to also occur in normal free flow speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the distribution of rhotic and non-rhotic English in the United States between 1770 and 1849. For the study, handwritten documents belonging to individuals from different social classes were inspected to identify misspellings that deviated from conventional spelling patterns (if compared to dictionaries and spellers of the time) regarding or the previous vowel. The investigation shows that during the period elision was never the most frequent occurrence. In fact, the results indicate that it was the quality of the previous vowel that underwent significant oscillations. Regarding the distribution of rhotic and non-rhotic English in the United States, the evidence suggests that r-lessness happened mostly in states that are predominantly non-rhotic today. In terms of social variation, there was a tendency for the middle classes to produce more non-rhotic misspellings than other classes. Lastly, the data indicates a strong possibility of a rapid expansion of non-rhotic English after 1850. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elision is the least well investigated of the processes collectively known as ‘linking phenomena’ in French phonology. Data from a corpus of late 20th-century interviews show that 39% of new CV onsets created by forward resyllabification are due to elision (considerably more than those due to liaison or enchaînement of fixed consonants) and a further 9% to sites created by intrusive fillers (notably euh and hein), a source hitherto overlooked. Yet elision is not categorical. We document instances of minor but stable variability alongside tokens of non-elision of que and its compound forms. Non-elision is characteristic of fluent, relaxed speech and seems to be spreading. We argue that it is not motivated by phonology but by register and discourse factors in continuous speech.

The natural tendency for language variation, intensified by Spanish's territorial growth, has driven sibilant changes and mergers across the Spanish-speaking world. This article aims to present an overview of the most significant processes undergone by sibilant /s/ in various Spanish-speaking areas: devoicing, weakening, aspiration, elision, and voicing. Geographically based phonetic variations, sociolinguistic factors, and Spanish language contact situations are considered in this study. The sibilant merger and its chronological development in modern Spanish, along with geographic expansion, have resulted in multiple contemporary dialectal variations. This historical lack of stability in these sounds has marked modern regional variations. Tracing and framing the sibilants' geo-linguistic features has received much attention from scholars, resulting in sibilants being one of the most studied variables in Spanish phonetics. In this article, we provide a concise approach that offers the reader an updated sociolinguistic view of the modern cross-dialectal realizations of /s/. It is essential to study sibilant development to describe Spanish dialects, the differences between Transatlantic and Castilian varieties, and the speech features found in Spanish speaking communities in the Americas. Examining sibilance from different approaches with a representative variety of Spanish dialects as examples advances the importance of sociolinguistic phenomena to index language changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente artículo está dedicado a estudiar la percepción y la realización del enlace fonético del español por los estudiantes sinohablantes. Para ello, se realiza un estudio contrastivo sobre este fenómeno entre español y chino, con el fin de comparar los rasgos fónicos relacionados con el enlace en ambas lenguas. Asimismo, se lleva a cabo un experimento relativo, compuesto por una prueba de dictado y una prueba de lectura en voz alta, con 40 estudiantes sinohablantes del nivel B2 y C1 que aprendieron o aprenden español en universidades chinas. A través del análisis estadístico de los errores relativos al enlace cometidos en el dictado y los enlaces realizados en la lectura en voz alta, se propone explorar la posible influencia del enlace en la discriminación léxica, la posible pronunciación del español con resilabación de los segmentos consonánticos y vocálicos que están en posiciones inicial y final de dos palabras sucesivas por estudiantes de este perfil, así como la relación entre la percepción y la realización del enlace.

The present paper deals with the synchronic variation of the phoneme /ʁ/ in the unstressed word final syllable onset in modern German spontaneous speech. Our research task was to determine the phonetic context, in which the phoneme /ʁ/ undergoes modifications in the above-mentioned position and to establish, whether the intensity and the type of modifications (vocalization or elision of the phoneme /ʁ/) could correlate with the part of speech and with the combinatorial conditions of sound realization. The data collected are based on the acoustic analysis of spontaneous speech (interviews in the media) of 20 German scientists (10 men and 10 women) from the Central and Southern Germany. Our results showed that the phoneme /ʁ/ undergoes intense modifications mainly in the word final position "stressed long vowel + ʁ + schwa vowel + nasal" in various parts of speech: verbs, plural forms of nouns, adjectives, participles, substantivized verbs, possessive pronouns and prepositions. The type of modification of the phoneme /ʁ/ in the relevant position correlates with the sound context. After high and mid vowels [iː], [yː], [uː], [eː], [ɛː], [øː], [oː] vowel realizations as unsyllabic [ɐ̯] clearly dominate over the consonantal as [ʁ], leading to the emergence of centralizing secondary diphthongs [iːɐ̯], [yːɐ̯], [uːɐ̯], [eːɐ̯], [ɛːɐ̯], [øːɐ̯], [oːɐ̯]. In the position after the long [aː] an elision of the allophones of the phoneme /ʁ/ is predominant, which can lead to an overlong articulation of the preceding low vowel as [aːː]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a statistical survey of the incidence of elision at the penthemimeral caesura in the iambic trimeters of Greek tragedy. It updates and builds on the work of Descroix (1931) by considering the rates of elision of different types of words: lexicals, nonlexical polysyllables, and nonlexical monosyllables. While all tragedians elide less at the caesura than throughout the line, in Aeschylus the rate of this reduction is far greater for lexicals and polysyllabic nonlexicals than it is for monosyllabic nonlexicals. On this evidence, and the evidence of interlinear elision, it is tentatively suggested that lexicals and nonlexical polysyllables should together be considered as the more constrained elisions. When the rates of constrained elision are examined, the difference between Aeschylus and later Euripides is revealed to be twice that obtained when bulk figures are used. This difference is attributed to a combination of Euripides' adoption of more fluent phrasing towards the end of his career and the tragedians' different approaches to compositional constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the work is in identification of fundamental role of paleohydrogeological factors in the evolution of the hydrogeochemical field in the Mesozoic of the West Siberian sedimentary basin northern and arctic regions. For the first time, the paper proposes the mechanism explaining their contribution to formation of hydrogeochemical anomalies in the Oxford reservoir (Upper Jurassic aquiferous complex) of the studied region, where hydrogeochemical inversion is widely developed. The aim of the research is to identify the features of composition of syngenetic waters disposed together with the sediment in the expelled and infiltration stages of a sedimentary basin on the basis of established cycling hydrogeological history of the West Siberian sedimentary basin northern and arctic regions; to carry out the comparative analysis of the current and syngenetic waters and determine the nature of hydrogeochemical anomalies. Methods. The methods developed by A.A. Kartseva, S.B. Vagina, E.A. Baskov and other researchers on paleohydrogeological reconstructions of sedimentary basins were used. The periodization of hydrogeological history was carried out, with identification of the main hydrogeological cycles (with the infiltration and elizion stages). Paleohydrogeochemical studies on the Arctic regions of the West Siberian sedimentary basin were carried out for the Jurassic-Cretaceous section using the methodology for reconstructing the salt composition of the waters of ancient marine and alluvial basins, paleogeographic maps and hydrogeochemical database of Siberian sedimentary basins. Results. The paper introduces the results of paleohydrogeological reconstructions of the West Siberian sedimentary basin northern and arctic regions. It was established that sedimentary waters dominate in the hydrogeological section of the studied region, in some cases diluted with infiltrogenic waters that have penetrated during the regression of the sea basin. A comparative analysis of buried syngenetic waters of the Oxford basin and data on modern hydrogeochemistry of groundwater revealed a number of negative and positive anomalies. Negative anomalies naturally trace the clay boundary of the Oxford regional reservoir and are associated with the development of water exchange elision. The geostatic (lithostatic) water-pressure system at a depth of 2–2,5 km goes into thermo-dehydration, which is accompanied by abnormally high reservoir pressure and the appearance of fresh chemically-bound water in the water-pressure system. Most of the positive anomalies are confined to the structures of the South Nadym and Predisenyskoy mega-monoclise, where the processes of vertical unloading of groundwater of the Lower Middle Jurassic and Paleozoic aquiferous complexes in the zones of tectonic disturbances are widely manifested. The water-rock-gas-organic matter system plays a key role in formation of groundwater chemical composition in oil and gas deposits.

La elisión de /s/ implosiva en diversas variedades del español, especialmente en las variedades meridionales, ha suscitado gran interés en el campo fonético-fonológico. No obstante, su elisión en las variedades septentrionales es un campo poco trabajado, especialmente en el habla de las zonas peninsulares con bilingüismo, básicamente porque se asume que se mantiene. Este trabajo pretende estudiar con mayor detenimiento la posible elisión de /s/ implosiva en hablantes bilingües equilibrados de Mallorca. La hipótesis inicial es que se da este fenómeno y su frecuencia de elisión varía según el contexto fónico. Los resultados obtenidos indican que se elide la /s/ en el habla de los bilingües de Mallorca. Asimismo, se ha podido comprobar que tanto el contacto de /s/ con consonantes nasales como la posición a final de palabra son factores que favorecen su elisión; mientras que el valor morfológico de /s/ no afecta a su debilitamiento.

The present research scrutinizes and attempts to observe the phonological process of 'Nasalization' in Standard Arabic and English. It sheds light on the problem of detecting an automatic description of nasalization to come across the problematic nature of speech recognition in both languages with the aim of showing how written discourse is different form the spoken ones. It also aims at expounding similarities and differences between English and Arabic nasalization's features. It is hypothesized that there are noteworthy similarities and differences in dealing with nasalization in both languages. The study concludes that there are three nasalized consonants in English /m, n, ŋ/, but in Arabic there are two nasalized consonants /m/ and /n/ only. So, /ŋ/is an allophone of /n/ in Arabic while in English it is a phoneme. Furthermore, it determines that one of the indispensable difficulties in recounting nasalization process is that it does not affect each vowel in the same way. The existing conclusions emphasized the significance of choosing an applicable investigation for measuring cross - language communication awareness of nasalization as a phonological aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The natural tendency for language variation, intensified by Spanish’s territorial growth, has driven sibilant changes and mergers across the Spanish-speaking world. This article aims to present an overview of the most significant processes undergone by sibilant /s/ in various Spanish-speaking areas: devoicing, weakening, aspiration, elision, and voicing. Geographically based phonetic variations, sociolinguistic factors, and Spanish language contact situations are considered in this study. The sibilant merger and its chronological development in modern Spanish, along with geographic expansion, have resulted in multiple contemporary dialectal variations. This historical lack of stability in these sounds has marked modern regional variations. Tracing and framing the sibilants’ geo-linguistic features has received much attention from scholars, resulting in sibilants being one of the most studied variables in Spanish phonetics. In this article, we provide a concise approach that offers the reader an updated sociolinguistic view of the modern cross-dialectal realizations of /s/. It is essential to study sibilant development to describe Spanish dialects, the differences between Transatlantic and Castilian varieties, and the speech features found in Spanish speaking communities in the Americas. Examining sibilance from different approaches with a representative variety of Spanish dialects as examples advances the importance of sociolinguistic phenomena to index language changes.

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Elision is the least well investigated of the processes collectively known as 'linking phenomena' in French phonology. Data from a corpus of late 20th-century interviews show that 39% of new CV onsets created by forward resyllabification are due to elision (considerably more than those due to liaison or enchaînement of fixed consonants) and a further 9% to sites created by intrusive fillers (notably euh and hein), a source hitherto overlooked. Yet elision is not categorical. We document instances of minor but stable variability alongside tokens of non-elision of que and its compound forms. Nonelision is characteristic of fluent, relaxed speech and seems to be spreading. We argue that it is not motivated by phonology but by register and discourse factors in continuous speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asia-Pacific Language Variation (APLV) is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Asia-Pacific Language Variation (APLV) is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the present study is to identify the articulation and pronunciational errors of sixth-grade students in terms of various variables and to contribute to the available literature and future studies in educational fields. Identification of pronunciation and articulation errors made by students is expected to reveal how much importance is attached to speaking skills in a curriculum and how effective the performed activities are. Theses and dissertations are available on speech disorders; however, to the best knowledge of the author, there is no in-depth research on articulation and pronunciation errors, which makes this paper unique and academically significant. This is a descriptive survey. The sample of the study consists of sixth-grade students who were studying in a middle school in Çaybaşı town of Ordu, Turkey, in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The students and their parents/guardians were informed of the purpose of the research and asked to participate in the study if they wished to. The sample consists of eight female and eleven male students, adding up to 19 students. Convenience sampling of non-probability sampling was employed for the purpose of the study. The obtained results showed that elision was the most frequently observed pronunciation and articulation error made by the six graders, they made more of such errors in their prepared speeches than in their impromptu ones, and the male students had recourse to errors of these kinds more often than the female students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates: what kind of sound change in the lateral sound (sun laam) before the coronal sound of Arabic(/∫/, /ð/, /ð /, /ṣ/, /s/, /d/, /d/, /n/, /ẓ/, /z/, /;ϴ/, /t/, /t /, and /r/).; the extent to which the coronal and the vowel sound cause the elision of the lateral sound and whether the elision of sun laam is the main indicator of geminate the coronal sound. The sample of the study is a list of Arabic words containing the coronal sound of Arabic initially and preceded by a definite article. The significance of this study shows the benefit of describing and analyzing the distinctive features of the immediate sounds within continuant speech for finding out what exactly causes changes in a phoneme in such speech. A descriptive analytic approach is used to describe the distinctive features of the sun laam and the coronal sounds, as well as to analyze the linguistic environment (the sound pattern including the definite article /.../ /al/ before the coronal sound).The most important results are: the sun laam is completely elided before the coronal sounds. The elision of Sun Laam and the intensity of the vowel sound shape the geminate of the coronal sound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to investigate language contact and phonetic adaptation with reference to Nigerian English variety. It focuses on the segmental aspect of phonetic adaptation. The data for this study comprises both primary and secondary data which are obtained through observation, interview and secondary sources like textbooks, journals, internet etc. Using the descriptive method of data analysis, the following findings are evident. English and Nigerian indigenous languages came into contact as a result of slave trade and missionary activities. Nigerians engage in phonetic adaptation in order to suit Nigerian situation, environment, purpose and users. In the Nigerian English, such forms of segmental phonetic adaptation like vowel and consonant phonetic adaptations abound. Segmental phonetic adaptation processes in the Nigerian English include substitution, adjunction, insertion, elision and monophthongization. Factors responsible for the phonetic adaptation in Nigerian English comprise linguistic and sociological factors. Linguistic factors include absence of some phonemes in their indigenous language, phonetic environment of speech sounds, linguistic and communicative incompetence and bilingualism while the sociological factors include for convenience sake and for the sake of local intelligibility. Some distinctive features which distinguish one class of sound from the other like consonant and vowel features are maintained during phonetic adaptation in Nigerian English. Phonetic adaptation in Nigerian English is equally allophonic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present paper is to disscuss the elision of language sounds in loanwords transferred from German into Polish in the 20th century. Only those loanwords of German origin are examined whose time of transfer into Polish could be clearly indicated and whose etymology could be found.

La elisión de la raíz verbal es un fenómeno atestiguado inequívocamente solo en dos lenguas habladas en América y una familia lingüística de las Islas Andamán. Consiste en la elisión de la raíz del verbo, en primer lugar bajo condiciones de recuperabilidad, dejando solamente afijos (y eventualmente clíticos) y, de esta manera, sometiendo a prueba los límites de la teoría y de las posibilidades morfológicas. El fenómeno es aquí examinado en las lenguas pertinentes: inuktitut, kwaza y algunos miembros de la familia gran andamanesa. Se discuten paralelos formales y funcionales con otros fenómenos tales como la elisión del verbo (elisión de la palabra entera) y morfemas y alomorfos de raíces léxicas cero.

Vowel hiatus is dispreferred in many languages of the world. Xitsonga, an understudied cross-border southern Bantu language spoken in South Africa, Mozambique, Swaziland and Zimbabwe, employs a set of four hiatus resolution strategies: glide formation, secondary articulation, elision and coalescence. Glide formation is the primary repair strategy as it shows a least violation of faithfulness. In glide formation, /i/ and /u/ correspond to [j] and [w], respectively. It is blocked when V1 is preceded by a consonant as this would incur a fatal violation of *Complex. When glide formation is blocked, secondary articulation is the next preferred option. One of the interesting features of Xitsonga is that it allows secondary articulation involving mid-vowels /o e/. OCP is often the trigger for elision, the least preferred strategy. Vowel coalescence can take two forms in Xitsonga: /a + i/ → [e] and /a + u/ → [o], both of which incur a non-fatal violation of Uniformity. When coalescence is blocked due to an impermissible sequence of /a/ and another vowel (excluding /i/ and /u/), the /a/ is elided. We argue that a single constraint hierarchy is responsible for these seemingly disjointed repair strategies. The overall significance of this paper lies in the fact that it is the first consolidated description and formal analysis of vowel hiatus resolution in Xitsonga.

In this paper I am discussing some passages in Statius' Achilleid, including the opening words of the poem, where some elisions seem to effectively suggest how gender and identity of Achilles become destabilized during his stay on Scyros in women's clothes. The elisions to be discussed affect word endings indicative of the masculine grammatical gender; in some cases, moreover, these endings are not just muted but also replaced, as it were, by their feminine equivalents. I also examine one passage where the masculine endings are emphatically not silenced despite elision; and a pair of passages where tension between the masculine and the feminine is introduced into the text by conjecture rather than by elision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vowel elision is common in Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara connected speech. It also appears to be a locus of language change, with young people extending elision to new contexts; resulting in a distinctive style of speech which speakers refer to as muṯumuṯu (‘short’ speech). This study examines the productions of utterance-final past tense suffixes /-nu, -ɳu, -ŋu/ by four older and four younger Pitjantjatjara speakers in spontaneous speech. This is a context where elision tends not to be sociolinguistically or perceptually salient. We find extensive variance within and between speakers in the realization of both the vowel and nasal segments. We also find evidence of a change in progress, with a mixed effects model showing that among the older speakers, elision is associated with both the place of articulation of the nasal segment and the metrical structure of the verbal stem, while among the younger speakers, elision is associated with place of articulation but metrical structure plays little role. This is in line with a reanalysis of the conditions for elision by younger speakers based on the variability present in the speech of older people. Such a reanalysis would also account for many of the sociolinguistically marked extended contexts of elision.

En la comunidad mexicana comúnmente se percibe que los hablantes del español tienden a omitir el fonema /d/ en posición post-vocálica al final de palabras, tales como /verdad/, /universidad/, etc. A pesar de la creciente cantidad de investigaciones que han centrado su atención en la variación lingüística de grupos hispanohablantes, aún no hay evidencia científica sobre las variables sociolingüísticas que determinan la elisión de este fonema. Con la intención de contribuir a este tipo de investigaciones, el presente estudio explora la elisión del fonema /d/ en posición post-vocálica al final de palabras en el español hablado en la ciudad de Toluca, México. Este estudio involucró el análisis de la elisión de este fonema en relación con variables sociolingüísticas, es decir, género, nivel educativo y cambio de estilo (style-shifting). Los resultados indican que el fonema /d/ tiende a ser elidido por hablantes con niveles educativos bajos; por hombres en vez de mujeres; y durante habla casual. En general, los resultados sugieren que este fenómeno es multifactorial y multidimensional.

Remarks on the Elision of Labial Consonants in Contemporary Polish Media Intervocalic elision of labial consonants seems to be one of the most common types of distorting the pronunciation of contemporary Polish words in colloquial speech. This phenomenon was described by Biedrzycki (1978) as typical of everyday speech and unknown to media or in official situations. Now it has entered the world of electronic media on a large scale and has become something of a norm among television presenters as well as experts and actors. All of these speakers tend to employ articulatorily incorrect Polish in official situations. This paper includes a preliminary classification of contexts where the deletion of labials takes place, and as such it is a continuation of Jaskuła (2014). Moreover, an attempt has been made to determine the reasons for elision. Analyses of similar phenomena which can be found in the phonological literature concerning both Polish and other phonological systems have also been taken into account with a view to discovering whether or not there is an interplay between phonetics and phonology in this respect.

This article argues that the relative dearth of critical analyses on Fitzgerald’s autobiographical essays generally, and the three “The Crack-Up” pieces in particular, results from tensions in understanding alcoholic denial in a genre already fraught with self-invention and self-evasion. It offers a reading that addresses these tensions head-on by examining the way Fitzgerald codes his denial in these “confessional” efforts. By looking at metaphor and elision, the article argues that Fitzgerald’s refusal to confront his alcoholism in his nonfiction is not just public performance, as some critics have argued, but reflects instead an addict’s denial both internal and external. By using frameworks from addiction studies and autobiography criticism, its reading of Fitzgerald expands to discuss a heuristic of reading addicts’ autobiographies in a larger context. The article navigates the two polar readings of addiction, the romantic genius and the moral failure, to understand the complexities of the link between Fitzgerald’s writing and Fitzgerald’s biography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Connected speech is a natural, continuous stream of sounds, as in normal conversation, in which natural phonetically-motivated processes optimize articulation (through assimilation, elision, etc.), but are still constrained by the need to maintain morpho-semantic transparency at the receiving end. This paper discusses connected speech in Israeli Hebrew, based mostly on data from a spoken corpus. The paper starts with consonant assimilation (voicing assimilation and total assimilation), and then concentrates on various reduction phenomena: vowel elision or reduction, elision of consonants (with or without adjacent vowels), and the "expanded" elision of multiple segments and even complete morphemes and words. As long as the entity targeted is frequent enough, it can easily be reconstructed from the context by the hearer. We proceed to discuss prosodic phenomena in connected speech: pre-tonic lengthening, whose scope seems to be expanding today, and rhythmic secondary stress alternation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Lingüística de el Colegio de México is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Intervocalic elision of labial consonants seems to be one of the most common types of distorting the pronunciation of contemporary Polish words in colloquial speech. This phenomenon was described by Biedrzycki (1978) as typical of everyday speech and unknown to media or in official situations. Now it has entered the world of electronic media on a large scale and has become something of a norm among television presenters as well as experts and actors All of these speakers tend to employ articulatorily incorrect Polish in official situations This paper includes a preliminary classification of contexts where the deletion of labials takes place, and as such it is a continuation of Jaskuła (2014). Moreover, an attempt has been made to determine the reasons for elision. Analyses of similar phenomena which can be found in the phonological literature concerning both Polish and other phonological systems have also been taken into account with a view to discovering whether or not there is an interplay between phonetics and phonology in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Linguistica (1132-0214) is the property of Asociacion de Linguistica y Filologia de la America Latina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)