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The potential impact of emerging technologies is challenging for construction management researchers to study, as these technologies have yet to become embedded in current organisational practices. Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) offers a method called formative interventions that may assist in this challenge. However, existing formative intervention methods are not adequately tailored to the study of emerging technologies, necessitating a more immersive engagement of the researcher-interventionist. This article proposes a renewed participatory take on the role of the researcher-interventionist and outlines the actions that researchers can undertake to investigate the future impacts of emerging technology. Specifically, we describe the interventionist role through a study of utility detection activities in which we intervened with emerging Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technology at twelve construction sites. We analysed our role through an inductive coding approach using interviews and field visit data. Our findings reveal five interventionist action types for intervention studies with emerging technology. These include shaping conditions, exposing tensions, supporting problem resolution, operating tools, and facilitating reflection. The action types prompted subjects to reevaluate elements of the activity system and helped describe three potential future activity systems that integrated GPR as a new tool. These findings demonstrate that a participatory take on formative interventions provides a potent means to unveil possible activity systems incorporating emerging technologies. We contribute five formal intervention action types to the literature that equip interventionist researchers with methodological tools to use CHAT in a practice-based study of emerging technologies on construction sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the turn of the century, innovative food processing techniques have quickly risen to the top of the commercial and economic prominence food industry's priority list due to their many benefits over more conventional approaches. Compared to traditional food processing techniques, these innovative procedures retain better the distinctive aspects of food, including its organoleptic and nutritional attributes. Concurrently, there has been a discernible increase in the number of people, particularly infants and young children, who are allergic to certain foods. Although this is widely associated with shifting economic conditions in industrialized and developing countries, the rise of urbanization, the introduction of new eating patterns, and developments in food processing, it still needs to be determined how exactly these factors play a part. Under this circumstance, given the widespread presence of allergens that cause IgE-mediated reactions, it is critical to understand how the structural changes in protein as food is processed to determine whether the specific processing technique (conventional and novel) will be appropriate. This article discusses the impact of processing on protein structure and allergenicity and the implications of current research and methodologies for developing a platform to study future pathways to decrease or eliminate allergenicity in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safety of sea bass is critical for the global food trade. This study evaluated the effectiveness of atmospheric cold plasma in reducing food safety risks posed by Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes, which can contaminate sea bass post harvest. Cold plasma was applied to inoculated sea bass for 2 to 18 min, achieving a maximum reduction of 1.43 log CFU/g for S. Enteritidis and 0.80 log CFU/g for L. monocytogenes at 18 min. Longer treatments resulted in greater reductions; however, odor and taste quality declined to a below average quality in samples treated for 12 min or longer. Plasma treatment did not significantly alter the color, texture, or water activity (aw) of the fish. Higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) were observed with increased exposure times. Cold plasma was also tested in vitro on S. Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes on agar surfaces. A 4 min treatment eliminated the initial loads of S. Enteritidis (2.71 log CFU) and L. monocytogenes (2.98 log CFU). The findings highlight the potential of cold plasma in enhancing the safety of naturally contaminated fish. Cold plasma represents a promising technology for improving food safety in the global fish trade and continues to be a significant area of research in food science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As immersive technology grows in popularity, universities are developing academic innovation labs (AIL) that often introduce students to virtual reality (VR) and other emerging cross reality applications. Although these labs help educate students on emerging technology, a more critical eye is needed to examine user experience (UX). This article reports on a qualitative, multimethod study that employed a talk-aloud UX protocol to gather data on VR users' experience at the University of Connecticut's OPIM Research Lab. To fully define and contrast this data, we juxtapose these individual narratives with rhetorical analysis of marketing discourse, as presented by VR platform HTC Vive, Google's VR application Tilt Brush, and the Research Lab's promotional material. Based on our findings, we assert that sociotechnical imaginaries as constructed by promotional material often reduce the complexities of immersion in user experience. Such marketing rhetoric creates "top-down" imaginaries that contrast with "bottom-up" imaginaries generated in user experience, reinforcing the complex and fluid definitions of immersion. The resulting study has practical implications for stakeholders across higher education, especially in the context of innovation labs, as well as for technical and professional communication educators and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging technology in laboratory medicine can be defined as an analytical method (including biomarkers) or device (software, applications, and algorithms) that by its stage of development, translation into broad routine clinical practice, or geographical adoption and implementation has the potential to add value to clinical diagnostics. Paediatric laboratory medicine itself may be considered an emerging area of specialisation that is established relatively recently following increased appreciation and understanding of the unique physiology and healthcare needs of the children. Through four clinical (neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, sickle cell disorder, congenital adrenal hyperplasia) and six technological (microassays, noninvasive testing, alternative matrices, next generation sequencing, exosome analysis, machine learning) illustrations, key takeaways of application of emerging technology for each area are summarised. Additionally, nine key considerations when applying emerging technology in paediatric laboratory medicine setting are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principal goal of this study is to analyze the evolution of topics and trends in emerging research fields by a combination of entity linking, Mann–Kendall test, and burst detection techniques. Multiple methods are applied here in the emerging field of cloud computing by focusing on the frequency of critical topics from 2004 to 2021. Statistical analysis reveals that the Internet of Things exhibits a significant scientific growth compared to other subject areas within the research field of cloud computing. Other emerging topics with rapid growth are computer networks, encryption, big data, distributed computing, and interaction of cloud computing with virtual machine research. The combination of different techniques can better show the complex dynamics and complementary aspects of scientific topics and trends underlying evolutionary pathways in emerging fields, such as the science and technology advances of architecture, hardware, and software components in the field of cloud computing. In scientometrics, the analysis with multiple techniques provides comprehensive scientific and technological information driving new directions in the evolution of research fields to guide R&D investments towards growing topics and technologies having the potential of supporting fruitful scientific and technological change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mixed-methods sequential explanatory design study presented here sought to investigate the acceptance and self-perceived self-efficacy of Augmented Reality technology among English as a Foreign Language teacher candidates. This study's contribution to the field of AR as an instructional technology lies in that research on the using AR technology in language teacher education are particularly limited. To bridge this research gap, one-group pre-test-post-test design was used in this study, in which ten weeks of AR-enhanced English language teacher training treatment was carried out. To answer the research questions, quantitative data were gathered from 50 volunteers by using the Technology Acceptance Model survey and Self-Efficacy Scale. Qualitative data were received via semi-structured interviews carried out with 12 pre-service teachers. Findings revealed that there was a significant increase in EFL teacher candidates' levels of AR technology acceptance whereas no significant difference was identified in their self-perceived self-efficacy. The interviewees proposed interpersonal, intrapersonal, technological, and technical factors to explain their low self-efficacy levels. Based on the findings, the paper offers implications and suggestions for researchers, teacher educators, and policymakers. The solutions to increase the level of acceptance and self-perceived self-efficacy levels to use AR among EFL Teacher Candidates include courses on Emergent Technologies (ICT, MALL, CALL, AR), training via seminars, workshops, input sessions through (inter)nationally funded projects, real-life examples, field-specific samples, and hands-on experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to develop an AR app as a learning tool to facilitate first-year university students in comprehending the concept of the chemical properties and investigate students' performance in understanding the concept of the chemical properties of main group elements. The app was developed using Unity, Vuforia, Canva, and Blender. A mixed method was employed in the R&D adopting ADDIE development model. Twenty-two students of chemistry education department at a state university in Aceh, Indonesia participated in the need analysis and implementation stage. The data was collected through questionnaires, and a system usability scale. The students' performance was evaluated through online Quizizz platform. The findings reveal a strong consensus among students regarding the necessity of AR for comprehending chemistry concepts. The students responded positively to the app's attractiveness, ease of use, impact on their learning experience, alignment with teaching materials, and markers quality, yielding a mean score of 91.8 %. The application is ease to use with a SUS score of 84.9. The N-Gain score indicates positive impact to the students' performance. AR app of periodic properties of elements demonstrates feasibility and serves as a viable alternative teaching tool for the concept of periodic properties of elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTBrown rice and whole grains are vital nutrient sources for humans; however, they usually require a long cooking period and are difficult to cook uniformly. This study investigated electrical conductivities of brown rice (KDML 105, Riceberry, and red cargo rice) and whole grains (lotus seed, red kidney bean, and Job’s tear) under various conditions. Furthermore, ohmic heating was applied in cooking the mixtures of brown rice and whole grains and the results were compared with conventional heating. The key objective was to apply ohmic heating in cooking the mixtures of brown rice and whole grains to improve the retention of nutrients in cooked products and to improve process efficiency. It appeared that electrical conductivities of all samples were sufficiently high for applying ohmic heating. Electrical conductivities of lotus seed mixed with water were between 0.061 and 0.402 S/m at 30–100°C that were higher than red kidney bean (0.016–0.256 S/m) and Job’s tears (0.018–0.148 S/m). Brown rice of Riceberry variety had the highest electrical conductivities (0.067–0.204 S/m) followed by red cargo rice (0.067–0.173 S/m) and KDML 105 (0.048–0.130 S/m). Sample mixtures cooked using ohmic method had significantly higher antioxidant activities and the calcium, phosphorus, and potassium contents than those cooked using conventional method. Precooking steps for lotus seed, red kidney bean, and Job’s tears were needed with the conventional cooking approach; however, these were unnecessary with ohmic cooking. Ohmic cooking apparatus in this study consumed approximately 2% more energy than electric rice cooker.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to the first large-scale, high intensity war where both sides have extensively deployed military and commercial drones. What the conflict has so far highlighted is that the frequently mentioned "game-changing effect" of drones on warfare depends on the game. Based on their category, drones produce distinctive military effects either as an extension of air power or as ammunition. Military thinking is therefore changing, making armed drones more politically acceptable. There is also reduced focus on the large armed and surveillance drones known from counterterrorism operations, as better integrated small drone scouts now serve land forces in combat. Far from being a mere security nuisance, small drones have yet to be effectively countered with air defenses. Military and dual-use export controls require adaptation to keep pace with these evolving battlefield realities. The drone lessons of the war in Ukraine thus point to many future challenges lying in wait for the international community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging technologies are characterized by malleability and incompleteness, rendering them profoundly unpredictable. Science and Technology Studies (STS) have underscored the significance of prospective narratives, such as technological visions, in managing the inherent uncertainty of emerging technologies. However, the dynamics of prospective narratives within the settings of organizations remain underexplored in organizational studies (OS). Therefore, this paper explores the mechanism by which organizations frame emerging technologies and navigate the future’s intrinsic uncertainty. We investigate these issues through an ethnographic case study of EnerCo, a large electricity utility. We find that the process of constitution of a technological vision is driven by iterative enactments of anticipating, which involves creatively formulating prospective narratives, and disseminating, which encompasses transferring and translating prospective narratives into new social settings. By bridging the STS literature on technological expectation and the OS practice framework of zoom in/out, we offer a fresh outlook on the reciprocal relationship between organizational dynamics and technoscientific narratives.

Firefighters in such serious environments (i.e., hazardous flames and radiant heat, high air temperatures, hot chemicals and liquids) must wear fire protective clothing during fire extinguishing and rescue operations. Many studies in the field of fire protective clothing have been conducted to evaluate the protective, mechanical and comfort performance of fire protective clothing. A comprehensive review of the literature has been undertaken to provide a better understanding of single-layer and multilayer fire protective clothing with protective, mechanical and comfort performance. Factors affecting the durability of protective clothing in the light of their expected retirement age and a number of significant standards for laboratory and manikin testing are discussed. The comfort of wearing clothing is another aspect that needs special consideration when designing a multilayered fire protective suit. A number of emerging technologies have been outlined to address the various challenges of the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought transformative changes across various sectors, including education. In Library and Information Science (LIS), AI tools hold significant potential for enhancing teaching, research, and administrative functions. This study investigates the awareness, perception, and utilization of AI powered tools by LIS educators in Nigerian higher institutions. Data were collected using questionnaires and analysed with the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS), with hypotheses tested via Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The findings reveal a high degree of awareness and positive perception towards AI tools among LIS lecturers. Commonly used tools for teaching include ChatGPT, Socrative, ChatPDF, Turnitin, and Gamma. Despite recognizing AI's potential benefits for improving information retrieval, data management, and personalized learning, actual usage remains limited due to challenges such as rapid technological advancement, lack of infrastructure, and resistance to change. All hypotheses were rejected, indicating a significant relationship between awareness, perception, and the use of AI tools in teaching. If measures such as having enhanced AI literacy and training programs for LIS educators, integration of AI into the LIS curriculum, development of institutional policies on AI adoption, and incentives for AI integration, then the challenges observed could be mitigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body Worn Camera (BWC) is an Information Technology (IT) artefact that has begun to be used in law enforcement. In this paper, we develop a research model that focuses on law enforcement agents' perspective about the ethical use of BWC, by extending rational choice theory (RCT) from the standpoint of cost/benefit of using BWC, contextual factors, as well as organisational justice. The paper tests the relationship between three factors: a) work motivation, b) cost of using BWC, and c) benefit of using BWC and police perceptions of ethical use of BWC. In addition, we test the moderating effects of work-related uncertainty on the above three relationships. The associations between organisational justice factors and work motivation are also discussed. Further, in collaboration with the National White Collar Crime Center (NW3C), we develop three grey BWC scenarios that are not clearly ethical nor clearly unethical. We apply a survey methodology to test the model in the context of grey scenarios. The results show that work motivation and the risk of using BWC are negatively related with the law enforcement agents' perceptions about ethical use of BWC and these relationships are negatively moderated by work-related uncertainty, while justice constructs are positively associated with perceived work motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firms utilising emerging media technologies need explorative innovation activities to keep up with market- and technology-driven dynamics. We develop and empirically test a PLS-SEM structural equation model that explains explorative innovation orientation (EIO) and its networking-based antecedents, based on a survey of 132 German XR firms. Absorptive capacity, organisational learning and the extent of networking ties to a) suppliers and buyers and b) competitors and marketing firms have a significant, positive influence on EIO. Networking with c) firms in the same digital business ecosystem (DBE) has a negative influence on EIO, which may limit EIO in highly fragmented technology markets. We also examine interaction effects of local and cross-cluster networking, thus developing our understanding of antecedent networking and the effects of its spatial nature on EIO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain can enable small countries to overcome systemic constraints and strengthen their economies. Based on dynamic capabilities theory, we develop a conceptual framework that explores the applicability of blockchain for fostering economic development. Specifically, we postulate that the agent's role in dynamic capabilities theory can be extended from the organisation level to the country level. Our proposed framework integrates blockchain as an economic driver and dynamic capabilities on higher-order and lower-order levels (i.e., business and investment development, human capital development, financial system enhancement, regulatory framework improvement, and systems and infrastructure improvement) to show their impacts on different aspects of economic development. International regulatory and political factors serve as moderators that determine whether a national blockchain-based strategy will ultimately be successful. In summary, we illustrate how blockchain as an enabler of dynamic capabilities can contribute to a small country's economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In identifying the status of cloud computing in a state of sustainability in terms of contribution and impact of cloud computing, the authors have gathered articles and journals and applied different methods to achieve the purpose of the study. The author hopes to identify the dominant challenges or issues that data centers have faced today in achieving cloud sustainability, specifically in the context of promoting greener practices within companies. Furthermore, the study will try to evaluate how cloud computing technologies help businesses in economics, environment, and social systems, also focusing on their environmental impact reduction strategies. Lastly, assessing the Gartner Hype Cycle for 2023, particularly to Cloud Sustainability, exploring when cloud sustainability is expected to reach its plateau of productivity, which is projected to occur within 2 to 5 years from the current timeframe. The study used a qualitative analysis framework that focuses on collecting data through experiences, opinions, and ideas related to the topic. Further, the author used thematic analysis to deeply understands the collected data systematically. Lastly, the author used mind mapping to provide a visual presentation and easily categorized the collected data. The paper discussed the contribution and advantages of cloud computing in economics, environment, and social systems. Furthermore, it also identified challenges and issues of data centers that offer cloud services. Thus, Data Centers are now starting to address these issues and this paper discusses all possible solutions that data centers are now starting to implement. Moreover, to support this argument this paper cited top 5 data center companies promoting sustainability. The authors conclude cloud computing contributes to all businesses enhancing their efficiency and competitiveness in the market. Further, cloud computing helps other technologies to enhance their capacity. However, since there is no 100% perfect technology there are implication in cloud computing. Thus, businesses and data centers provide solutions and keep on improving and capacitate these solutions to achieve sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging technologies can have profound conceptual implications. Their emergence frequently calls for the articulation of new concepts, or for modifications and novel applications of concepts that are already entrenched in communication and thought. In this paper, we introduce the notion of "conceptual appropriation" to capture the dynamics between concepts and emerging technologies. By conceptual appropriation, we mean the novel application of a value-laden concept to lay a contestable claim on an underdetermined phenomenon. We illustrate the dynamics of conceptual appropriation by analyzing the concept NATURE and its uptake in three discourses of emerging technology: cellular agriculture, solar geo-engineering, and biomimicry. We argue that NATURE and its cognate NATURALNESS are strongly valanced concepts upon which different stakeholders lay a claim. In doing so, stakeholders advance distinct conceptions of nature, typically to suit their own interests. Our case-studies illustrate how in discourses on emerging technology, the application of value-concepts is entangled with ideological stakes and power dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke is a primary cause of noncommunicable disease-related death and disability worldwide. The most common form, ischemic stroke, is increasing in incidence resulting in a significant burden on patients and society. Urgent action is thus needed to address preventable risk factors and improve treatment methods. This review examines emerging technologies used in the management of ischemic stroke, including neuroimaging, regenerative medicine, biology, and nanomedicine, highlighting their benefits, clinical applications, and limitations. Additionally, we suggest strategies for technological development for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology-enabled state surveillance has evolved rapidly to allow real-time remote tracking and surveillance of people and vehicles and the aggregation of vast amounts of data on people and their movements, networks, and relationships. Facial recognition technology (FRT) comprises a suite of technologies that allows verification, identification, and categorisation by analysing a person's facial image. Such technologies impact fundamental rights, such as privacy, freedom of expression, and freedom of assembly, but can also be used to detect, investigate, and deter serious crime and harm and to counter threats to security, thus promoting collective interests in security and public safety. These impacts have been considered in terms of scholarship and advocacy, but the shape of principled regulation is less well traversed. This contribution examines three contemporary case studies of the regulation of FRT in policing and security to analyse the challenges in regulating this technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charting a course through US administrations from the late 1990s to the present day, this article considers the George W. Bush administration's thinking on nuclear deterrence in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of 9/11: What was distinctive about the Bush administration's thinking and approach to nuclear deterrence? To what extent, and to what effect have the Bush administration's approaches proved enduring? The article considers the prima facie contradictory nature of the administration's deterrence objectives against the backdrop of a shifting security environment, characterised by the proliferation of WMDs to 'rogue states' and non-state actors, nuclear multipolarity, disruptive emerging technologies, and long-held US commitments to its global allies and partners—ensuring the centrality of nuclear weapons in US national security policy, despite sustained efforts to reduce this reliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the changing character of society in the age of generative artificial intelligence (AI). Adopting a media ecology perspective, the article highlights how generative AI drives polarization, promotes deception, and fosters exclusion and bias. The article is a call to action to minimize the worst excesses of the deployment of this technology to preserve societal interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pressing need for a transition towards a more sustainable economy has given rise to sustainability-oriented innovations (SOIs). The development of SOIs involves a wide range of emerging technologies, some of which are highly uncertain and may have the potential to transform an existing industry. Thus, the identification and assessment of emerging technologies is pivotal for established companies to evaluate business opportunities as well as for researchers and policy makers to support the transition to a more sustainable economy. Therefore, we aim to contribute by offering a new approach that seeks to assess such emerging technologies that contribute to sustainability transition (i.e., sustainability-oriented technologies (SOTs)) by means of spectral cluster analysis based on the semantic similarities of scientific research articles in the field of precision agriculture (PA); a case example where multiple SOIs occur. Our analyses reveal that spectral cluster analysis is a suitable approach for assessing emerging SOTs. In addition, multi-perspective assessments based on, inter alia, related United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Web of Science subject categories, strategic diagrams, and business models allows to render a holistic assessment of a scientific research area (in this case PA) and its emerging SOTs as well as their evolution into commercial SOIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world faces climate change and fossil fuel depletion, so people should take steps toward clean energy. However, the disadvantages of renewable energy are that they may depend on weather and be intermittent. Linear generators overcome these obstacles while remaining clean and efficient, making them a solution to the issues mentioned. This paper aims to compare current electricity generators with linear generators, a novel technology, to see how they compare with the available data and to popularize linear generators to the public. When running zero-carbon fuels such as green hydrogen or ammonia, linear generators have an efficiency second to hydrogen fuel cells, producing zero-carbon and near-zero nitrogen oxide emissions via a flameless reaction. This makes linear generators clean, safe, and efficient. However, given how new the technology is, the linear generators' costs remain unknown. Nonetheless, the merits of linear generators make it an emerging technology worth tracking now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ohmic heating is an emerging technology currently in high demand for application in various processes. In this research, a prototype of a multipurpose ohmic heating apparatus was successfully designed, fabricated, and tested. This apparatus was designed based on low-cost and versatile sensors and components available worldwide. Three independent chambers could be operated parallelly and individually with different treatments. Parameter data, i.e., voltage, electrical current, the temperature of heated material and environmental humidity-temperature, could be recorded by an embedded data logging system. The sensor had been tested and validated by comparing all the sensors used with commercial standard instruments. The result showed that all sensors had high measurement accuracy, indicated by very low mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), with R2 > 0.999. The performance test revealed that product temperature could be accurately maintained according to the set point temperature with a deviation value lower than 0.1 °C. The data logging system was able to record and store the parameter data in SD card memory for up to several days without interruption. The prototype of the ohmic heating apparatus could be an effective alternative to process many purposes such as pasteurisation, cooking, warming, and fermentation based on the ohmic heating principle.

Testing emerging technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, predictive crime analytics, and smart city interventions under real-world conditions is an important strategy for robust and responsible technology development. However, the moral responsibilities of researchers towards the public when conducting such real-world experiments are often left unaddressed and unregulated. This article argues that there are problematic inconsistencies in research ethics demands and protections across different categories of research and development with emerging digital technologies. This differential treatment is problematic since there are no meaningful differences to justify it, and it creates the possibility of regulatory evasion at the cost of populations’ due protection. Hence, I argue that this differential treatment should be amended by harmonizing research ethics demands. In doing so, this paper contributes to several ongoing scholarly debates on the limits of current research ethics guidelines and protocols in the face of novel technologies and research formats.

Peanuts are recognized as one of the most common allergenic foods, known to induce severe Th2-mediated allergic reactions. The resulting global health concern has fostered the necessity to design innovative technologies capable of mitigating allergenicity. This study investigated the effect of an innovative thermomechanical process, “Intensification of Vaporization by Decompression to the Vacuum” (IVDV), on the protein content and immunogenicity of whole peanuts. Through animal studies using peanut allergy BALB/c mouse models, this research revealed a clear reduction in allergic symptoms once challenged with IVDV-treated peanut protein extract, compared to those receiving raw or deep-fried peanut protein extracts. Significant changes in immune response markers in animals were observed, including reduced levels of histamine, Th1/Th2 cytokines, and antibodies, thus confirming the efficacy of IVDV in mitigating allergenicity in peanuts. Saturated steam pressure was demonstrated to have a highly significant positive effect on the reduction of protein content in IVDV-treated samples through degradation, with a noteworthy reduction ranging from 42.3% to 89.2%. This pilot study embarked on a pioneering exploration into the ability of IVDV to offer a viable solution in reducing peanut allergenicity, opening new avenues for enhanced food safety and inclusivity. The ease of scalability of IVDV technology to an industrial level, along with its cost-efficiency, further enhance its appeal for widespread adoption.

Scholars connect China’s technology policy to government interventions that target particular industrial sectors. But not all sectors are created equal. Relying on evidence from China’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) policies, this paper develops a framework for assessing China’s approach toward promoting a technological domain that permeates across many industrial sectors: general-purpose technologies. It shows that China’s AI strategy diverges from expectations derived from typical characterizations of China’s industrial policy, which stress an emphasis on self-sufficiency, support for a limited number of national champions, and the essential role of military investment and demand for progress in dual-use domains.