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À l'occasion des états généraux de la médecine interne, le Collège National des Enseignants de Médecine Interne (CEMI) a mené une enquête sur l'activité d'enseignement, auprès de l'ensemble des hospitalo-universitaires (HU) de médecine interne français. L'enquête a été réalisée en septembre 2023 en adressant un courriel aux 101 professeurs des universités–praticiens hospitaliers (PU–PH) et 18 maîtres de conférence des universités–praticiens hospitaliers (MCU–PH) de médecine interne de la sous-section 53-01 du conseil national des universités (CNU), ainsi qu'aux 11 internistes HU émargeant en immunologie (sous-section 47-01) ou en thérapeutique (sous-section 48-04). Soixante-treize HU (56,1 %) ont répondu à l'enquête, dont 65 PU–PH, 7 MCU–PH et 1 praticien hospitalo-universitaire (PHU). Les HU de médecine interne participent à l'enseignement facultaire : 80 % sont responsables d'enseignement, 30 % sont responsables d'année ou de cycle ou animent des commissions et 40 % ont eu ou ont un mandat d'élu à la faculté ou à l'université. Les HU de médecine interne sont investis dans l'enseignement de la sémiologie médicale au cours du premier cycle des études de médecine, mais aussi dans les formations en maïeutique, sciences pharmaceutiques, odontologie et les formations paramédicales. Ils sont très investis dans la mise en place de la réforme du second cycle et 80 % interviennent dans la préparation des Examens Cliniques Objectifs Structurés (ECOS), essentiellement comme examinateurs (90 %). Ils participent également aux enseignements utilisant la simulation (60 %), à l'enseignement aux infirmiers de pratique avancée (IPA) (25 %), à la rédaction des ouvrages du CEMI (75 %). Huit (12 %) HU de médecine interne co-animent des formations avec des patients et 26 (38 %) participent à des enseignements en master à la faculté des sciences. Enfin, 94 % sont affiliés à une unité de recherche et 48 % encadrent des étudiants en thèse d'université. Les HU de médecine interne ont un fort engagement pédagogique, en particulier dans la sémiologie et dans la réforme du second cycle des études médicales avec les ECOS et la simulation. On the occasion of the General stage meeting of Internal Medicine, the National College of Internal Medicine Teachers (CEMI) conducted a survey on teaching activity among all French university hospital (HU) internal medicine specialists. The survey was carried out in September 2023 by sending an email to 101 hospital practitioners university professors (PU–PH) and 18 hospital practitioners assistant professors (MCU–PH) of internal medicine in subsection 53-01 of the National council of universities (CNU), as well as to the 11 HU internists working in immunology (subsection 47-01) or therapeutics (subsection 48-04). Seventy-three HUs (56.1%) responded to the survey, including 65 PU–PH, 7 MCU–PH and 1 university hospital practitioner (PHU). Internal medicine HUs participate in faculty teaching: 80% are responsible for teaching, 30% are responsible for the year or cycle or lead committees and 40% have had or have an elected mandate at the faculty or at university. Internal medicine HU are involved in the teaching of semiology during the first cycle of medical studies, but also in pharmaceutical sciences, dentistry, midwifery and in paramedical training. They are very invested in the implementation of the second cycle reform and 80% are involved in the preparation of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (ECOS), mainly as examiners (90%). They also participate in teaching using simulation (60%), teaching advanced practice nurses (IPA) (25%), and writing CEMI books (75%). For ECOS, 90% participate as examiners, 60% participate in teaching using simulation, 25% are involved in teaching advanced practice nurses (IPA), 75% participated in the writing of CEMI works. Eight (12%) internal medicine HUs co-facilitate training with patients and 26 (38%) participate in master's courses at the Faculty of Sciences. Finally, 94% are affiliated with a research unit and 48% supervise university theses students. Internal medicine universities teachers have a strong educational commitment, particularly in semiology and in the reform of the second cycle of medical studies with ECOS and simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article examines the reflexive activity of field agents in a training device created for the nuclear industry. Designed by the researchers and a trainer, this device, known as scenarioinquiry, is intended to help trainees gain an understanding of the spatial and functional characteristics of a complex industrial building, essential knowledge for their future job as field operators. The device might be described as hybrid in the sense that it combines various teaching spaces and methods (a virtual environment for trainees to browse, an onsite training workplace, a traditional classroom) as well as several technical objects (a complete 3D digital model of the building, full-scale models of valves and operational technical documentation used in work situations). The semio-logical analysis stemming from the course-of-action framework, and its dialogical relationship with Peirce's semiotics, serve as the foundation for understanding the operators' training activities. Abduction, deduction, and induction are the three types of inference that define their interpretative activity when using the scenario-inquiry device. Abductive inference is the process of formulating explanatory hypotheses enabling the discovery and creation of novelty. Our results indicate (i) the determining role of abductive reasoning in the creation, reinforcement, invalidation and connection of knowledge, and (ii) the essential role of analogies in the linking of acquired knowledge and new knowledge by abduction. This article offers the opportunity to critically examine training scenarios that place emphasis on inductions and deductions. Offering educational resources that support abductive reasoning-such as "curiosity laboratories," which are learning settings that inspire people to explore and go beyond the boundaries of what is expected of them--would be ideal. This will encourage trainees to switch between a range of semiotic registers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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L’usage des plateformes d’intelligence artificielle et en particulier ChatGPT-3 interroge le monde universitaire depuis décembre 2022. Certains enseignants prennent peur tandis que d’autres y décèlent de nombreuses opportunités pour eux-mêmes et pour les étudiants. Mais quel est le réel usage des étudiants face à cette IA? Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’usage de ChatGPT-3 par des étudiants de première année de l’Université de Namur (Belgique). L’enquête a été réalisée pendant les mois de février et mars 2023, soit quelques mois après la sortie de ChatGPT-3. Des étudiants de six facultés (informatique, droit, médecine, sciences, sciences économiques, sociales et de gestion ainsi que de philosophie et lettres) ont été sondés afin de mieux connaître leur utilisation de ChatGPT, mais aussi de cerner les cours dans lesquels ils y ont recours. De plus, cette enquête a permis de mettre en lumière les avantages perçus par les étudiants quant à l’usage de ChatGPT-3 et de manière générale quant à l’usage d’intelligences artificielles. Ces données sont interprétées selon le modèle des stratégies d’apprentissage par développé par Boulet et al. (1996). Pour terminer, nous montrerons comment les données recueillies ouvrent de nouvelles pistes de recherche quant à l’esprit critique des étudiants face à ChatGPT.

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A working group of the Observatoire sur la Formation à la Diversité et l'Équité conducted a survey of the impacts of Law 21, the Act respecting the Laicity of the State, during its first year of application on faculties and departments of education across Québec. Although the law is not supposed to affect universities or student teachers, since they are not employees of the Centres de services scolaires or school boards, findings from among the 972 survey respondents (students and staff in Québec faculties of education) associate Law 21 with negative and discriminatory treatment of student teachers during teaching internships, more polarized and conflictual interactions in university classrooms, and negative effects on the well-being, as well as academic and professional achievement, of students. The survey shows that discriminatory situations or effects related to Law 21, as reported by respondents, disproportionally affect those who are undergraduate students, identify as female, are immigrants or of immigrant background, have a first language other than French, and belong to a visible or religious minority. It also indicates that Québec universities have adopted specific measures in response to Law 21 to try to prevent such discriminatory experiences, but some of these have had stigmatizing or exclusionary effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Par-delà les classifications génériques apparentes, le facteur commun structurant pour la presque totalité de l’œuvre de Sciascia est, selon nous, le mécanisme de l’enquête.Qu’il soit emprunté à la forme littérairement “impure” du polar dont l’écrivain utilise les codes génériques et symboliques à contre-emploi ou à celle de matrice manzonienne, de la recherche philologique et/ou historique sur des documents véritables ou encore à celle d’inspiration borgésienne, du jeu de piste littéraire, ce mécanisme est celui de la recherche de la vérité qui peut seule permettre de rétablir la justice en utilisant les outils de la raison afin d’élaborer un contre-récit face à la mainmise du Pouvoir – politique, religieux, médiatique – sur les grandes narrations qui structuraient jusqu’ici l’histoire et la culture classiques.

La psychiatrie est une discipline dont les interactions avec la justice sont anciennes, nombreuses et plus que jamais d'actualité. Dans ce contexte, a été créé un Espace de Psychiatrie Légale, composé d'une équipe pluridisciplinaire, en Haute-Garonne. Afin de permettre un ajustement de son périmètre d'intervention, a été diffusé un questionnaire sur les besoins de formation en psychiatrie légale à destination des professionnels. L'objectif de cet article est de présenter et discuter les résultats de ce questionnaire. La population visée par ce questionnaire correspondait à l'ensemble des professionnels de santé exerçant en psychiatrie au sein des différents établissements de santé adhérents à la FERREPSY Occitanie. Le questionnaire d'auto-évaluation comportait plusieurs parties relatives aux répondants, aux types de patients pris en charge ainsi qu'aux connaissances des professionnels en psychiatrie légale. Parmi, 155 professionnels, pour la plupart psychiatres, cadres de santé et infirmiers, ont répondu au questionnaire. La majorité des professionnels étaient de genre féminin, exerçaient en Haute-Garonne et depuis plus de cinq ans. Ce questionnaire a permis de mettre en lumière un besoin fort de formation en psychiatrie légale chez les professionnels. Les résultats soulignent un certain nombre de difficultés rencontrées en pratique clinique quotidienne. Enfin, les échelles d'auto-évaluation ont pu mettre en lumière des axes de formation spécifiques à développer. Les résultats de notre questionnaire constituent une base de travail permettant d'ajuster les interventions pédagogiques autour de cette spécialité naissante, dont les enjeux dans la prise en charge des patients ne sont pas nouveaux. Since the enactment of the French law of 4 March 2002, patients' rights have been the subject of constant legislative evolution and particular attention from many independent administrative authorities. In psychiatry, these have led to numerous legal reforms over the years. Moreover, psychiatry is a medical specialty with abundant, long-standing and more than ever topical interactions with the judicial system (psychiatric care without consent, isolation and restraint, court-ordered care, psychiatric care in prisons, treatment of perpetrators of sexual violence, judicial expertise or the question of lack of criminal responsibility due to a mental disorder). In response to the many legal questions asked by medical and paramedical teams, and to the growing interest in research in forensic psychiatry, a unit called EPL (Espace de Psychiatrie Légale) was created, composed of a multidisciplinary team, based in the department of Haute-Garonne, France. In order to adjust its scope of intervention, a questionnaire was distributed to mental health professionals to assess their training needs in forensic psychiatry. In this article, we aim to present and discuss the results of this survey. We used a self-assessment survey designed by the multidisciplinary team of the EPL and which was filled out online by the respondents. The target population was all the professionals working in mental health facilities, members of the FERREPSY Occitanie research federation. The questionnaire consisted of several sections relating to the respondents, the typology of patients under their care, the professionals' daily practice, and training in and knowledge of forensic psychiatry. We included some open-ended questions on the situations encountered that may have presented difficulties and on the impact of legislative changes on the daily practice of professionals. All responses were analyzed anonymously. From 05/05/21 to 17/07/21, 155 professionals responded. Most of them were psychiatrists (32.3%), healthcare managers (20.6%) or nurses (18.7%). The majority were women (78.7%) and had been working in Haute-Garonne for more than 5 years (74.2%). 56.1% of the professionals worked in outpatient units, 37.4% in inpatient wards and 74.8% in adult psychiatry. This questionnaire revealed a strong need for training in forensic psychiatry. Indeed, 94.8% of respondents wanted to receive training in forensic psychiatry, which contrasts with the number of people who had already received training in this area (15.5% in initial training, 32.3% in continuing education). The results highlighted that the most common forensic situations encountered in daily clinical practice concerned areas where professionals considered their knowledge to be insufficient. In addition, the self-assessment scales used were able to highlight specific training topics that should be developed. The results of this survey therefore establish a basis for making adjustments to future educational interventions involving forensic psychiatry, which, although it has only recently emerged in France, embraces issues that have always concerned the management of patients receiving psychiatric care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary narrative features a number of investigative authors who are part of a dynamic of inquiry : investigations in archives, both genealogical and judicial, field research, testimony gathering, trial chronicles. The labyrinth motif not only blurs the lines of enquiry, demonstrating how difficult it is to grasp reality, but also renews the territories of fiction and non-fiction. In this article, we show how contemporary authors engaged in a quest for missing persons or the unveiling of a truth, use the labyrinth motif in their investigative narratives. The labyrinth motif expresses the complexity of the investigations carried out by the authors in their role as investigators. In this way, the labyrinth becomes a metaphor for the authors' creative work, in contact with past and present time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objectives: To investigate the research capacity and productivity of Canadian sports chiropractors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey (phase one) and scoping review (phase two) investigated the research capacity and productivity (from 2015-2020) of the Canadian sports chiropractic field. Results: Most respondents (72%) reported obtaining research training from fellowship and master's programs, with only 2 (1%) PhD qualifications identified. Approximately, 30% reported active involvement in research, with 28% being part-time clinician researchers. Access to human and technological research resources were limited. We identified 67 publications and 16 conference presentations within a five-year period, with clinical, population health, and basic science research as the areas most studied. Conclusion: The research effort of Canadian sports chiropractors is primarily conducted by clinicians involved in research on a part-time basis. Its research outputs predominantly reflect the research requirements of the RCCSS(C) Sports Sciences Residency Program, highlighting its contribution in developing capacity and producing research for the Canadian sports chiropractic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cette étude a deux objectifs : (1) déterminer les caractéristiques de l’enseignement efficace de point de vue des enseignants du supérieur ; et (2) identifier leur conception quant à ce concept. Les auteurs ont tenté d'atteindre ces objectifs par le biais d’une enquête. Douze enseignants universitaires, du département des sciences de la vie de la faculté des sciences, ont été sollicités répondre à un questionnaire qualitatif. Les résultats nous ont permis d’énumérer 23 caractéristiques de l’enseignement efficace. Leur répartition en catégories, nous a permis de conclure que les enseignants constituant notre échantillon adoptent une conception d’enseignement efficace axée sur l’étudiant.

Dans cet article, il s’agit de comparer le succès que deux livres écrits par des descendants de victimes de la Shoah ont obtenu en France. Avec The Lost. A search for six of six million (2006) / Les Disparus (2007), Daniel Mendelsohn a apporté des États-Unis un nouveau regard sur la Shoah et une véritable originalité dans la restitution de cet événement. Quinze ans plus tard, La Carte postale (2021) de l’écrivaine française Anne Berest trivialise le modèle d’enquête familiale de troisième génération que représentait Les Disparus. L’étude détaille d’abord les marqueurs de succès (ventes, prix, réception dans les médias) qui indiquent déjà deux publics cibles bien différents, puis – dans une deuxième partie – compare ces enquêtes qui, en dépit de quelques ressemblances, sont différemment racontées, Anne Berest adoptant même sur l’essentiel un positionnement inverse de celui de Daniel Mendelsohn. Enfin, la dernière partie prend appui sur des avis de lecteurs pour vérifier et préciser la trivialisation détaillée dans la deuxième partie.

Introduction : L’utilisation des plantes médicinales en grossesse est une pratique fréquente au Cameroun. L’une des raisons de cette utilisation est la facilitation de l’accouchement. L’analyse de la littérature a mis en évidence le faible nombre de données sur la caractérisation et l’évaluation pharmacologique des plantes médicinales employées par les femmes pour faciliter l’accouchement notamment au Cameroun. Le présent travail s’est proposé de recenser les plantes médicinales utilisées par les parturientes pour déclencher ou favoriser l’accouchement dans un hôpital de la ville de Yaoundé. Méthodologie : Une enquête a été menée auprès de 252 femmes ayant accouché à la maternité de l’Hôpital Gynéco-Obstétrique et Pédiatrique de Yaoundé (HGOPY) du 05 mars au 15 mai 2019. Une autorisation de recherche a été préalablement obtenue auprès de l’hôpital et chaque femme était interrogée après information et obtention de son consentement éclairé. Ont été incluses dans l’enquête, les femmes de tout âge en suivi post natal ayant déclaré avoir utilisé les plantes médicinales pour déclencher ou faciliter l’accouchement et consenti à l’étude. Celles ayant accouché à un terme inférieur à 37 semaines d’aménorrhée et celles ayant subi une césarienne élective ont été exclues. Une fiche d’enquête structurée en un questionnaire semi ouvert prétexté a été remplie lors d’un entretien sous forme d’interview avec les parturientes. Les caractéristiques socio démographiques des parturientes, les noms des plantes, leurs origines, les parties utilisées, les recettes et modes d’administration ont été relevés. Les plantes répertoriées ont été récoltées et identifiées à l’Herbier National du Cameroun qui a délivré à cet effet une attestation d’identification d’échantillons botaniques. L’analyse statistique a été faite par le logiciel EPI Info 2.7. Résultats : Des 252 femmes enquêtées, les questionnaires de 125 femmes en suivi post natal à HGOPY répondant aux critères d’inclusion préétablis ont finalement été retenus. Les parturientes avaient un âge moyen de 29 ± 6,8 ans. Elles avaient à 54,8% un niveau d’études universitaires et à 39, 2% secondaires. Elles étaient de religion chrétienne à 94,6% et avaient toutes utilisé des plantes médicinales pour favoriser leur accouchement. Une liste floristique de 47 espèces appartenant à 30 familles botaniques a été dressée au terme de l’enquête. La famille des Malvacées était la plus représentée suivie des familles des Astéracées et Brassicacées. Triumfetta cordifolia était l’espèce ayant la plus forte fréquence de citation (24) suivie d’Hibiscus rosa sinensis (11,2) et Ageratum conyzoïdes (10,4). Les feuilles ont été la partie la plus utilisée (43%) suivie des écorces (20%). Les recettes ont été préparées dans 54,3 % des cas par friction dans l’eau et dans 31,43% des cas par décoction. L’eau a été le seul solvant employé. Les voies orale (52%) et rectale (48%) ont été les modes d’administration cités. Conclusion : Une grande diversité de plantes médicinales utilisées par les parturientes pour faciliter l’accouchement a été recensée. Des études phytochimiques et toxico- pharmacologiques sur les plantes recensées contribueraient à fournir davantage d’informations sur ces plantes médicinales avec in fine le développement d’un Médicament Traditionnel Amélioré.

To what extent does gender impact the level of conflict in an online international relations simulation environment? This article uses a survey of participants in the Statecraft simulation to determine the degree to which gender affects simulation outcomes. The authors worked with the Statecraft company to include a limited number of questions in Statecraft's end-of-simulation survey regarding participants' gender, the level of conflict in the simulated world in which the student participated, and whether the student's world succeeded in building the Globe of Frost, the analog for solving global warming in the simulation. Based on student responses, we find that classes with a majority of male students were significantly more likely to report that their simulated world had a high level of conflict. Teams with majority males were also more likely to initiate conflict and focus on foreign policy rather than domestic policy, though those results were insignificant. Gender did not appear to affect whether or not a simulated world solved the global warming analog; though not significant, the coefficient suggests male-dominated worlds were slightly more likely to construct the Globe of Frost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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De parlementaire enquête in Curaçao: In Curaçao bepaalt de Staten welk onderwerp onderzocht moet worden door de parlementaire enquêtecommissie. Op dit moment is er in Curaçao slechts één soort parlementaire enquête mogelijk, waarbij vooral getuigen en deskundigen worden gehoord. Dit in tegenstelling tot Nederland, waar bij enquêtes meer nadruk wordt gelegd op dossiervorming. Het probleem bij het horen van getuigen is dat ze niet gedwongen kunnen worden om iets te verklaren waar ze geen actieve herinnering aan hebben. Ook schiet de Curaçaose wet- en regelgeving tekort bij het verkrijgen van inzage in documenten. Alleen de formele wetgever van Curaçao kan hier verandering in brengen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International organizations (IOs) dispatch fact-finding missions to establish epistemic authority by objectively and impartially assessing contested facts. Despite this technocratic promise, they are often controversial and sometimes even fuel international disputes that challenge the epistemic authority of the dispatching organizations. Although the twenty-first century has witnessed a proliferation of United Nations (UN) commissions of inquiry, they have received surprisingly little attention in international relations (IR) scholarship. How can we explain this trend and the successes and failures of fact-finding missions, which sometimes even backfire on the IO authority? Drawing on IR theories of delegation, epistemic authority, and IO field operations as well as public international law scholarship on commissions of inquiry, this article develops an analytical framework for studying the delegation, implementation, and dissemination of fact-finding missions. It theorizes how and under what conditions international fact-finding missions close or widen credibility gaps and thus help to establish, maintain, or weaken the epistemic authority of IOs. The article illustrates this framework with a case study of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Human Rights Situation in Chile, sent by the UN Commission on Human Rights in 1974 to investigate allegations of human rights violations and torture. The conclusion outlines a comparative research agenda on international fact-finding missions for IR that contributes to the study of knowledge production in IOs and the enforcement of international norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo é parte do relatório de pesquisa de opinião, quantitativa, executada pela Unesp em parceria com o Conselho Municipal de Políticas para Mulheres, de Bauru-SP, sobre a violência doméstica, de junho a agosto de 2020. A investigação não probabilística, de caráter descritivo, teve como método de coleta de dados o questionário on-line. Seu objetivo foi levantar opiniões de mulheres, de modo a oferecer parâmetros para subsidiar ações de comunicação e publicitação dos serviços promovidos pela Rede de Enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher nessa cidade. Seus resultados constituíram um insumo fundamental para a divulgação de direitos, leis, medidas protetivas, campanhas e informativos de prevenção, e de visibilidade aos serviços dessa Rede. Eles permitiram orientar estratégias de comunicação balizadas na opinião da comunidade, adequadas às demandas e às necessidades de cada região observada na pesquisa, que possibilitaram monitorar e avaliar a Rede de Enfrentamento.

The study presented was carried out with first-year undergraduate students in Sciences and techniques of physical and sports activities, involved in a course called EMI (English as a Medium of Instruction). The aim was to study the impact of the language of communication, English, on the experience of students during practical work. The study focused on their commitment to learning time, on the nature of what was perceived and meaningful for these students in their environment. Data analysis revealed that the modification of the communication context induced by the use of the English language led the students to pay particular attention to the information and instructions given by the trainer, as well as to the actions of their peers, particularly meaningful and significant for them. The linguistic disturbance provided by the EMI thus led the students to adapt their mode of engagement and their focalizations in the lived situations and to develop an activity of inquiry based not only on interpretations backed by the discourse but on indexical and iconic dimensions linked to the actions of peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En République Démocratique du Congo, nombreuses personnes ont planté dans leurs parcelles certains arbres comestibles, ornementaux et médicinaux. A Kinshasa, les habitants du quartier Selo, dans la commune de Makala ont planté dans leurs parcelles « Jatropha curcas ». Ainsi, l’enquête menée a identifié les noms vernaculaires et les usages de « Jatropha curcas ». Selon les données relatives à cette identification, les sujets ont été répartis selon la tranche d’âges, l’état civil, le niveau d’instruction, la confession religieuse et la province d’origine, qui est le paramètre important quant au classement parmi les variables. Ainsi, les résultats de l’identification des phytothérapeutes du quartier Selo, dans la commune de Makala, à Kinshasa se sont basés de leurs provinces d’origine (ancienne configuration), notamment : Bandundu, Bas-Kongo, Equateur, Kasaï-Occidental, Kasaï-Oriental, Katanga, Kinshasa, Maniema, Province-Orientale, Nord-Kivu et Sud-Kivu. Ces résultats ont démontré que « Jatropha curcas » est une plante connue pour l’usage de la médecine traditionnelle, de la lutte antiérosive et autre, en République Démocratique du Congo.

L'article examine le dispositif d'enquête en psychodynamique du travail en tant que méthodologie d'intervention. Il présente les présupposés théoriques et les modalités pratiques du cadre d'intervention qui caractérisent le dispositif. En précisant les raisons pour lesquelles le dispositif est situé dans le domaine de la recherche-action, les auteurs commentent les caractéristiques de la méthodologie de l'enquête en psychodynamique du travail. Déployée sur le terrain, au sein des entreprises et des institutions, l'enquête se présente d'abord comme un dispositif orienté vers la recherche de transformation de l'organisation du travail, mais elle constitue également une méthode spécifique mobilisée au service de la production de connaissances et donc de la recherche. Face aux nouvelles organisations du travail et aux transformations des rapports sociaux de travail, la méthodologie de l'enquête est soumise à des aménagements dont les auteurs rappellent les principales modalités. La discussion épistémologique permet de présenter le statut de la subjectivité et les modalités de son objectivation par le dispositif. Cette recherche d'objectivation repose sur l'analyse du couple souffrance/plaisir au travail à partir du repérage des stratégies de défenses individuelles et collectives. Le dispositif de l'enquête en psychodynamique du travail est envisagé comme une pratique située avec comme visée l'élucidation des conditions intrapsychiques et intersubjectives relatives à la dimension de l'action. This article examines the investigation in the psychodynamics of work as an intervention methodology. It presents theoretical presuppositions and practical modalities of the intervention framework that characterize this feature. By specifying the reasons why the investigative model is situated in the field of research-action, the authors comment on the characteristics of the methodology of the investigation in the psychodynamics of work. Deployed in the field, within companies and institutions, the survey is first of all a feature oriented towards the research on transforming the organization of work, but it also constitutes a specific method mobilized in the service of the production of knowledge and thus of research. Faced with new workplace organizations and the transformations of the social relations of work, the methodology of the survey is subject to adjustments, the main ones of which are enumerated by the authors. The epistemological discussion allows us to present the status of subjectivity and the modalities of its objectification by the investigative model. This search for objectification is based on the analysis of suffering/pleasure at work from the identification of individual and collective defense strategies. The investigation in the psychodynamics of work is considered as a situated practice with the aim of elucidating intrapsychic and intersubjective conditions related to action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: L'auteur s'interroge sur la capacité des ONG de renforcer le pouvoir collectif du travail au sein des réseaux de production mondialisés en utilisant leur pouvoir de pression sur les multinationales pour lancer des programmes d'élections de comités de travailleurs dans les usines. Sur la base d'une enquête empirique menée entre 2012 et 2019 dans le sud de la Chine, il montre que ces programmes ont permis de sensibiliser les travailleurs à l'action collective et de renforcer leur agentivité, mais que l'inégalité structurelle du système de production, l'absence de protection institutionnelle en faveur des représentants élus et le durcissement du régime ont empêché qu'ils perdurent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studies in Contrastive Grammar / Studii de Gramatica Contrastiva is the property of Universitatea din Pitesti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lengas is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anales de Geografía de la Universidad Complutense is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Acute exacerbations have a relevant impact on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is why prophylactic and early treatment have become indispensable. However, COPD exacerbations are significantly under-diagnosed, possibly due to linguistic discrepancies between physician and patient. The aim of this study was to disclose how exacerbations are perceived by the GPs (general practitioners) and their patients and what linguistic conventions they use. This survey showed that GPs and their patients quite often have a divergent notion a common of COPD exacerbations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans le cadre de la pandémie, depuis la session de juin 2020, de nombreux examens habituellement prévus en présentiel ont été menés à distance. À l’université, en avril 2020, les services d’accompagnement des étudiants en situation de handicap et les cellules technopédagogique et pédagogique ont uni leurs forces pour soutenir les enseignants dans l’aménagement de leurs examens et informer les étudiants pour s’y préparer et les passer. En février 2021, une enquête en ligne a été menée auprès des étudiants en situation de handicap; nous avons pu mettre en évidence des difficultés rencontrées, ce qui les aide et ce qui pourrait les aider. Cela a permis de dégager quelques bonnes pratiques pour les enseignants et pour les étudiants.

Breast augmentation is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgeries in the world. However, there is no standardized surgical procedure for performing breast augmentation. Many modalities exist for this surgery which may explain why practices vary greatly from one surgeon to another. The aim of this study was to evaluate current practices of breast augmentation by implant in France and changes in practices among French plastic surgeons. This observational study was conducted between February 2020 and January 2021. An online questionnaire with 62 questions was sent to 729 French plastic surgeons. The questions concerned: the population of surgeons interviewed, pre-operative aspects, surgical technique and post-operative management. 411 plastic surgeons responded, 5.1% of surgeons impose a nicotine screening test on patients. 99.76% and 95.59% reported that they used silicone gel implants and round prostheses. All used smooth or micro-textured shells. The inframammary approach was the most used by 66.2% of plastic surgeons. The implants placed were between 250 and 300 cc on average and were mainly placed in "Dual plane" by 42% of surgeons. In order to reduce bacterial contamination, 26% of surgeons soaked the implants in a povidone-iodine solution and 23% used an insertion sleeve. The most frequent early complication was hematoma, while capsular contracture was a late complication. This study provides new data on current surgical practices of breast augmentation in France, allowing more informed choices and opening up perspectives for more standardized practices in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]