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A exposição Machine Art determina o momento em que a máquina e artefatos de uso diário tomam lugar num museu de arte. Embora a exposição Machine Art represente a visão do diretor fundador do MoMA, Alfred H. Barr, expandindo o escopo do museu para além da pintura e escultura, foi também um momento de crença otimista na máquina. Influenciada pelo Futurismo, foi uma época de entusiasmo febril alimentado pela propaganda que possibilitarià o consumismo. É também o momento em que curadores sob o ideal da modernidade iniciam a tarefa de estabelecer critérios para uma museologia de artefatos de design. Com este artigo pretendemos interpretar o significado desta exposição como um contributo crítico para a museologia do design na sua relação com a sociedade; por outras palavras, avaliar o papel do museu como um laboratório para moldar comportamentos e mentalidades. Isto assume ainda mais importância dado que este artigo faz parte de uma investigação de doutoramento do primeiro autor deste estudo, que se dedicou a definir princípios de validação que possam contribuir para o tratamento museológico e a criação de um sistema de seleção de artefactos para o Museu do Design Português. published

Fruto de un trabajo conjunto, Eduardo Kingman Garcés y Blanca Muratorio exploran a lo largo de los diferentes textos que comprenden este libro el significado cultural de los trajines callejeros y otras formas de entender y estudiar las culturas urbanas. El relato, la imagen visual y el objeto se presentan como sus recursos centrales para un análisis compartido entre la historia y la antropología. Quito en su primera modernidad, entre los siglos XIX y XX, es el objeto de gran parte de sus análisis aquí expuestos. As result of their joint work, Eduardo Kingman Garcés and Blanca Muratorio, throughout the different texts of this book, are exploring the cultural meanings of the streets bustles and other forms to understand and study urban cultures. Narration, visual image and objects are the main resources for a joint analysis among of history and antthropology. Quito in its first modernity, between the 19th and 20th century, is the subject of an important part of their studies.

Background The impact of slight-to-moderate levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) on the level of participation in active life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) has never been objectively determined. Methods Levels of LID, tremor and bradykinesia were measured during best-ON state in 121 patients diagnosed with PD and having peak-dose LID using inertial sensors positioned on each body limb. Rigidity and postural instability were assessed using clinical evaluations. Cognition and depression were assessed using the MMSE and the GDS-15. Participation in active life was assessed in patients and in 69 healthy controls using the Activity Card Sort (ACS), which measures levels of activity engagement and activities affected by the symptomatology. Outcome measures were compared between patients and controls using ANCOVA, controlling for age or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests. Spearman correlations and multivariate analyses were then performed between symptomatology and ACS scores. Results Patients had significantly lower activity engagement than controls and had significantly affected activities. LID was neither associated with activity engagement nor affected activities. Higher levels of tremor, postural instability, cognitive decline and depression were associated with lower activity engagement and higher affected activities. Multivariate analyses revealed that only tremor, postural instability and depression accounted significantly in the variances of these variables. Discussion Slight-to-moderate LID had little impact compared to other symptoms on the level of participation in active life, suggesting that other symptoms should remain the treatment priority to maintain the level of participation of patients in an active lifestyle.

In this context ��the time of Barthes�� is the 18th century, it is the time of Rococo and Marquis de Sade. In his book Sade, Fourier, Loyola, Barthes calls Sade a logothet, a founder of language. He describes a system and defines principles of Sade���s writing. One of the themes, namely a ��sensual pleasure of classification��, specifies a relation of Marquis de Sade���s writing to the Rocail. In this article I will address two questions: Does the text of Marquis de Sade maintain the Rocail spirit? and, Whether Rococo could be seen and perceived through the lens of the Sadian text?

El objetivo principal de este documento fue el conocimiento y reconocimiento de los espacios de las viviendas habitadas por la sociedad elítico-burguesa yucateca, a partir de las principales actividades en ellos efectuadas. Después de la identificación de aquellos ámbitos considerados como arquetípicos, se realizaron dos aproximaciones: la primera espacio por espacio, explicitando dinámicas funcionales, elementos formales, caracterización simbólica y enunciando los objetos contenidos, y luego analizando cada espacio como parte de un todo. El universo de estudio se conformó por residencias construidas entre 1886-1916. El análisis se efectuó con las herramientas empleadas para el estudio de la vida cotidiana y para la comprensión del espacio arquitectónico. Las fuentes de información fueron variadas y muy abundantes, encontrándose entre estas planos, imágenes, diarios y publicaciones periódicas. Esta aproximación permite comprender el fenómeno de la compartimentación espacial, de la especialización funcional y de la relación entre la materia y su concepción simbólica. The main objective of this paper was the knowledge and recognition of the spaces of the dwellings occupied by the elite-bourgeois society in Yucatan taking into account the main activities carried out inside them. After identifying archetypical areas, two approaches were undertaken: the first one explored each space and specified its functional dynamics, formal elements and symbolic characterization as well as stated the objects found inside. On the the other hand, the other approach analyzed each space as part of a whole. The study universe was formed by houses built between 1886-1916. The analysis was done with the tools used for the study of everyday life and the understanding of architectural space. The sources of information were varied and abundant, including plans, pictures, newspapers and periodicals. This approach allows understanding the phenomena of spatial compartmentalization, the functional specialization and the relationship between matter and its symbolic conception. O objetivo principal deste documento foi o conhecimento e reconhecimento dos espaços das moradias habitadas pela sociedade elitico-burguesa yucateca, a partir das principais atividades efetuadas nelas. Depois da identificação de aqueles âmbitos considerados como arquetípicos, realizaram-se duas aproximações: a primeira espaço para espaço, explicitando dinâmicas funcionais, elementos formais, caracterização simbólica e enunciando os objetos contidos, e analisando depois cada espaço como parte de um todo. O universo de estudo conformou-se por casonas construídas entre 18861916. A análise realizou-se as ferramentas empregadas para o estudo da vida cotidiana e a compreensão do espaço arquitetônico. As fontes de informação foram variegadas e muito abundantes, encontrando-se entre elas planos, imagens, jornais e publicações periódicas. Esta aproximação permite compreender o fenôme-no da compartimentalização espacial, da especialização funcional e da relação entre a matéria e sua concepção simbólica.

Syftet med studien är att beskriva och analysera hur personer som har äldreomsorg upplever sina möjligheter att kunna påverka innehållet i vardagen. I syftet ligger också att kunna belysa den äldre personens upplevelse av vardagen med utgångspunkt i delaktighet och meningsfullhet. I studien söker vi svar på följande frågeställningar: Hur upplever äldre personer sin vardag? Hur upplever äldre personer sina möjligheter att göra val som rör vardagen? Hur kan äldre personer vara delaktiga i sin vardag? Hur kommer meningsfullhet till uttryck i vardagen för äldre? Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och studiens data är inhämtad genom nio intervjuer med äldre som har äldreomsorg. Respondenterna är äldre personer över 65 år som har äldreomsorg inom hemtjänst och särskilt boende. Resultatet av studien visar att den äldre personen upplever sin vardag utifrån insikten om sina fysiska förutsättningar och begränsningar. Resultatet visar också att den äldre personen upplever delaktighet och kan påverka sin vardag utifrån anpassning till livets begränsningar och samtidigt förmedlas en brist på delaktighet i en omedveten anpassning till äldreomsorgens rutiner. Vidare framkommer att den äldre personen uttrycker en sorg och ensamhet på grund av ålderdom, funktionsnedsättningar och avsaknad av någon eller något. I resultatet framkommer även en djupare, existentiell form av delaktighet - den tysta delaktigheten. Denna består av två perspektiv, den nöjda tysta delaktigheten som innebär att den äldre är delaktig i tanken på ett positivt sätt och den kvävda delaktigheten där den äldre ser och betraktar hur den egentligen skulle vilja ha det, men uttrycker inte detta utan låter det stanna inombords. Resultatet visar också att meningsfullhet eller avsaknad av densamma är beroende av om den äldre personen har insikt i sin upplevda livssituation och på dess förmåga att påverka/hantera innehållet i vardagen. Nyckelord: Äldre personer, äldreomsorg, vardag, resurser, delaktighet, meningsfullhet The purpose of the study is to describe and analyse how persons within the elderly care experience their every-day life with respect to their opportunities to affect the content. A part of the purpose is also to illuminate this issue from the perspectives of participation and meaningfulness. The authors are answering the following questions in the study: How do elderly people experience their every-day life? How do elderly people experience their ability to make every-day decisions? How can elderly people participate in the every-day life? How is meaningfulness expressed in the every-day life of elderly people? This study has a qualitative approach and the data in the study was collected through nine interviews with elderly people within the elderly care. The respondents are persons over 65 years of age who benefits from elderly care such as home care service and special home. The result of the study shows that the elderly persons experience their every-day life based on their knowledge of their physical abilities and limitations. The result also shows that elderly persons experience participation and ability to affect their every-day life based on their physical limitations. Simultaneously, participation is also present in an unknown process of adoption to the routines of elderly care. In addition, another aspect of the conclusion is that the elderly person expresses sadness and loneliness due to old age, disability and lack of someone or something. A part of the result is also a deeper, existential form of participation – the silent participation. This comes in two perspectives, the satisfied silent participation that means that the elderly person participates in his or her mind in a positive way, and the suppressed participation when the elderly sees and observes how he or she really would like to have it, without expressing it. The result also shows that meaningfulness, or lack of meaningfulness, is depended on whether the elderly person has insight in their perceived life situation and their ability to manage and affect the content of their every-day life. Keywords: Elderly persons, elderly care, every-day life, resource, participation, meaningfulness

En este artículo propongo una exploración antropológica sobre la crianza y la educación infantil en contextos de desigualdad social. El interés es discutir una serie de supuestos que suelen limitar las prácticas educativas de los sectores subalternos a "pautas tradicionales" y "privativas del mundo familiar". Sin embargo, en las iniciativas domésticas sobre la crianza y el cuidado infantil que analizo, intervienen actores esperables para ello y también un conjunto de sujetos e instituciones no formalizadas pero que se tornan relevantes en la cotidianeidad de los territorios de pertenencia de los niños y niñas. Para el análisis me basaré en las entrevistas y en los registros de tipo etnográfico que llevé a cabo en asentamientos ubicados en la zona norte del Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina. Neste artigo proponho uma exploração antropológica sobre a formação e a educação infantil em contextos de desigualdade social. O objetivo consiste em discutir uma serie de supostos que costumam limitar as práticas educativas dos setores subalternos às "pautas tradicionais" e "privativas do mundo familiar". No entanto, nas iniciativas domésticas sobre a educação e o cuidado infantil analisados, temos a intervenção de fatores esperáveis para isso como também um conjunto de sujeitos e instituições não formalizadas, mas que tornam-se relevantes na cotidianidade dos territórios de filiação dos meninos e das meninas. Basearei a minha analise nas entrevistas e nos registros etnográficos realizados em assentamentos localizados na zona norte do Grande Buenos Aires, Argentina. In this article we put forward an anthropological investigation regarding the upbringing and the care of childhood in contexts of inequality and social transformation. The interest is to discuss certain assumptions that tend to limit the educational practices of poor sectors to "traditional patterns" and as restricted to the privacy of family life. However, a number of expectable actors intervene in the domestic initiatives related to the upbringing and the attention of children that we analyze, but also a set of subjects and non formalized institutions become relevant in every-day life in these territories where the children belong to. We will base our analysis in the interviews and the ethnographic records that we carried out in settlements located in the north area of the Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina.

International audience; How is every-day life in Nablus ? This article describes usual practices in order to deal with the arbitrary of occupation.; Comment vit-on au quotidien à Naplouse ? L'article interroge et décrit un certain nombre de pratiques permettant de développer un habitus et de vivre avec l'arbitraire et l'aléatoire de l'occupation.

The aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyze how discourse as a theoretical and didactical concept can help in advancing knowledge about the teaching of mathematics in school. The dissertation has been written within a socio-cultural perspective where active participation and support from artefacts and mediation are viewed as important contributions to the development of understanding. Discourse analysis was used as a theoretical point of departure to grasp language use, knowledge construction and mathematical content in the teaching practises. The collection of empirical data was made up of video and audio tape recordings of the interaction of teachers and pupils in mathematics classrooms when they deal with problem-solving tasks, as well as discussions between student teachers as they engage in planning a teaching situation in mathematics. Discourse analysis was used as a tool to shed light upon how pupils learn and develop understanding of mathematics. The results of my studies demonstrate that discussions very often are located in either a mathematical or in an every-day discourse. Furthermore, the results demonstrate how change between every-day and mathematical language often takes place unknowingly. Also the results underline that a specific and precise dialogue can contribute towards teachers’ and pupils’ conscious participation in the learning process. Translated into common vocabulary such as speak, think, write, listen and read teachers and pupils would be able to interact over concepts, signs, words, symbols, situations and phenomena in every-day discourse and its mathematical counterpart. When teachers and pupils become aware of discursive boundary crossing in mathematics an understanding of mathematical phenomena can start to develop. Teachers and pupils can construct a meta-language leading to new knowledge and new learning in mathematics. Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva och analysera hur diskurs som teoretiskt- didaktiskt begrepp kan bidra till att utveckla kunskap i och om matematik i skolan. Avhandlingen skrivs utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv där aktivt deltagande med hjälp av artefakter och mediering är viktiga bidrag till förståelsen. För att få syn på språket, kunskapen och matematiken i matematikundervisningen används diskursanalys som teoretisk utgångspunkt och metod. Data insamlingen består av video- och ljudbandsinspelningar av lärares och elevers samtal i ett matematikklassrum då de arbetar med problemlösning och lärarstudenters samtal när de planerar en undervisningssituation i matematik. Diskusanalys har använts som ett redskap för att upptäcka hur elever lär och utvecklar sin förståelse av matematik. Resultaten visar att i mina studier befinner sig samtalet ofta antingen i en matematisk eller i en vardaglig diskurs. Växlingen mellan vardagligt och matematiskt språk sker ofta omedvetet. I avhandlingen understryks att ett specifikt och precist samtal i matematik underlättar ömsesidig förståelse och kan bidra till att lärare och elever blir delaktiga i lärandet. Med hjälp av orden tala, tänka, skriva, lyssna och läsa skulle lärare och elever kunna interagera kring begrepp, tecken, ord, symboler, situationer och företeelser i den vardagliga och den matematiska diskursen och förståelse skulle lättare kunna äga rum i matematik. Genom att lärare och elever blir medvetna om hur de passerar diskursiva gränser både i matematiken och mellan matematik och vardag kan förståelse klargöras. Lärare och elever skulle kunna utveckla ett metaspråk som leder till ny kunskap och nytt lärande inom matematiken i skolan.