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1. Rest-UV absorption lines as metallicity estimator: the metal content of star-forming galaxies at Z ∼ 5

Author

O. Ilbert, H. J. McCracken, Clotilde Laigle, John D. Silverman, Günther Hasinger, Mara Salvato, Lin Yan, Peter Capak, Y. Kakazu, D. B. Sanders, Nick Scoville, Bahram Mobasher, Masato Onodera, I. Davidzon, D. Masters, Andreas L. Faisst, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institute for Astronomy [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), AUTRES, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Metallicity, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Billion years, Galaxy, Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar evolution, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmic dust
Abstract

We measure a relation between the depth of four prominent rest-UV absorption complexes and metallicity for local galaxies and verify it up to z~3. We then apply this relation to a sample of 224 galaxies at 3.5 < z < 6.0 ( = 4.8) in COSMOS, for which unique UV spectra from DEIMOS and accurate stellar masses from SPLASH are available. The average galaxy population at z~5 and log(M/Msun) > 9 is characterized by 0.3-0.4 dex (in units of 12+log(O/H)) lower metallicities than at z~2, but comparable to z~3.5. We find galaxies with weak/no Ly-alpha emission to have metallicities comparable to z~2 galaxies and therefore may represent an evolved sub-population of z~5 galaxies. We find a correlation between metallicity and dust in good agreement with local galaxies and an inverse trend between metallicity and star-formation rate (SFR) consistent with observations at z~2. The relation between stellar mass and metallicity (MZ relation) is similar to z~3.5, however, there are indications of it being slightly shallower, in particular for the young, Ly-alpha emitting galaxies. We show that, within a "bathtub" approach, a shallower MZ relation is expected in the case of a fast (exponential) build-up of stellar mass with an e-folding time of 100-200 Myr. Due to this fast evolution, the process of dust production and metal enrichment as a function of mass could be more stochastic in the first billion years of galaxy formation compared to later times., 20 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; Submitted to ApJ

Published
2019
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2. A high definition view of the COSMOS Wall at z similar to 0.73

Author

Iovino, A., Petropoulou, V., Scodeggio, M., Bolzonella, M., Zamorani, G., Bardelli, S., Cucciati, O., Pozzetti, L., Tasca, L., Vergani, D., Zucca, E., Finoguenov, A., Ilbert, O., Tanaka, M., Salvato, M., Kovac, K., Cassata, P., AUTRES, INAF- Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Bologna (IASF-Bo), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, and excellence cluster centre

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; Aims. We present a study of a large filamentary structure at z similar to 0.73 in the field of the COSMOS survey, the so-called COSMOS Wall. This structure encompasses a comprehensive range of environments from a dense cluster and a number of galaxy groups to filaments, less dense regions, and adjacent voids. It thus provides a valuable laboratory for the accurate mapping of environmental effects on galaxy evolution at a look-back time of similar to 6.5 Gyr, when the Universe was roughly half its present age. Methods. We performed deep spectroscopic observations with VIMOS at VLT of a K-band selected sample of galaxies in this complex structure, building a sample of galaxies complete in galaxy stellar mass down to a lower limit of log(M-*/M-circle dot)similar to 9.8, which is significantly deeper than previously available data. Thanks to its location within the COSMOS survey, each galaxy benefits from a wealth of ancillary information: HST-ACS data with I-band exposures down to I-AB similar to 28 complemented by extensive multiwavelength ground-and space-based observations spanning the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Results. In this paper we detail the survey strategy and weighting scheme adopted to account for the biases introduced by the photometric preselection of our targets. We present our galaxy stellar mass and rest-frame magnitudes estimates together with a group catalog obtained with our new data and their member galaxies color / mass distribution. Conclusions. Owing to our new sample we can perform a detailed, high definition mapping of the complex COSMOS Wall structure. The sharp environmental information, coupled with high quality spectroscopic information and rich ancillary data available in the COSMOS field, enables a detailed study of galaxy properties as a function of local environment in a redshift slice where environmental effects are important, and in a stellar mass range where mass and environment driven effects are both at work.

Published
2016
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3. The COSMOS2015 Catalog: Exploring the 1 <z <6 Universe with Half a Million Galaxies

Author

M. Stockmann, Stefano Marchesi, Vernesa Smolčić, O. Le Fèvre, Mattia Vaccari, Anton M. Koekemoer, Francesca Civano, Johan P. U. Fynbo, Bo Milvang-Jensen, Lidia Tasca, David B. Sanders, Sune Toft, Bau-Ching Hsieh, James Dunlop, Paolo Cassata, Mara Salvato, Lihwai Lin, N. Z. Scoville, John D. Silverman, H. J. McCracken, Johannes Zabl, Simon J. Lilly, D. Le Borgne, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Christophe Pichon, Alexie Leauthaud, Peter Capak, O. Ilbert, Guenther Hasinger, Yu-Yen Chang, Karina Caputi, I. Davidzon, E. Le Floc'h, Jean Coupon, Clotilde Laigle, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Herve Aussel, Astronomy, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe [Tokyo] (Kavli IPMU), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Ecosystèmes lagunaires : organisation biologique et fonctionnement (ECOLAG), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Dark Cosmology Centre (DARK), Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering [Higashiosaka], Kindai University, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0063,ILP,Institute Lagrange of Paris(2010), ANR-13-BS05-0005,spin(e),L'origine cosmique de la séquence de Hubble(2013), European Project: 278202,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,EGGS(2011), European Project: 648179,H2020,ERC-2014-CoG,ConTExt(2015), European Project: 0337595(2004), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Faculty of Science and Engineering [Osaka], ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02/11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,SUPER(2011), ANR-10-LABX-63,ANR-10-LABX-63, ANR-13-BS05-0005,spin(e),L’origine cosmique de la séquence de Hubble(2013), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, and DEU

Subjects
PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, media_common.quotation_subject, observational [methods], Field (mathematics), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, photometric [techniques], techniques: photometric, galaxies: high-redshift, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], media_common, Photometric redshift, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, AB magnitude, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Universe, Redshift, Galaxy, galaxies: photometry, Space and Planetary Science, photometry [galaxies], methods: observational, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], galaxies: evolution, catalogs, catalogs, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: photometry, methods: observational, techniques: photometric, high-redshift [galaxies], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the COSMOS2015 catalog which contains precise photometric redshifts and stellar masses for more than half a million objects over the 2deg$^{2}$ COSMOS field. Including new $YJHK_{\rm s}$ images from the UltraVISTA-DR2 survey, $Y$-band from Subaru/Hyper-Suprime-Cam and infrared data from the Spitzer Large Area Survey with the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Spitzer legacy program, this near-infrared-selected catalog is highly optimized for the study of galaxy evolution and environments in the early Universe. To maximise catalog completeness for bluer objects and at higher redshifts, objects have been detected on a $\chi^{2}$ sum of the $YJHK_{\rm s}$ and $z^{++}$ images. The catalog contains $\sim 6\times 10^5$ objects in the 1.5 deg$^{2}$ UltraVISTA-DR2 region, and $\sim 1.5\times 10^5$ objects are detected in the "ultra-deep stripes" (0.62 deg$^{2}$) at $K_{\rm s}\leq 24.7$ (3$\sigma$, 3", AB magnitude). Through a comparison with the zCOSMOS-bright spectroscopic redshifts, we measure a photometric redshift precision of $\sigma_{\Delta z/(1+z_s)}$ = 0.007 and a catastrophic failure fraction of $\eta=0.5$%. At $3, Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2016
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4. A COHERENT STUDY OF EMISSION LINES FROM BROADBAND PHOTOMETRY: SPECIFIC STAR FORMATION RATES AND [O III]/H beta RATIO AT 3 \textless z \textless 6

Author

Faisst, A. L., Capak, P., Hsieh, B. C., Laigle, C., Salvato, M., Tasca, L., Cassata, P., Davidzon, I., Ilbert, O., Le Fevre, O., Masters, D., McCracken, H. J., Steinhardt, C., Silverman, J. D., Barros, S., Hasinger, G., Scoville, N. Z., Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), AUTRES, Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; We measure the H alpha and [O III] emission line properties as well as specific star formation rates (sSFRs) of spectroscopically confirmed 3 \textless z \textless 6 galaxies in COSMOS from their observed colors versus redshift evolution. Our model describes consistently the ensemble of galaxies including intrinsic properties (age, metallicity, star formation history), dust attenuation, and optical emission lines. We forward-model the measured Ha. equivalent widths (EW) to obtain the sSFR out to z similar to 6 without stellar mass fitting. We find a strongly increasing rest-frame Ha. EW that is flattening off above z similar to 2.5 with average EWs of 300-600 angstrom at z similar to 6. The sSFR is increasing proportionally to (1 + z)(2.4) at z \textless 2.2 and to (1 + z)(1.5) at higher redshifts, indicative of a fast build-up of mass in high-z galaxies within e-folding times of 100-200 Myr at z similar to 6. The redshift evolution at z \textgreater 3 cannot be fully explained in a picture of growth driven by cold accretion. We find a progressively increasing [O III]lambda 5007/H beta ratio out to z similar to 6, consistent with the ratios in local galaxies selected by increasing H alpha EW (i.e., sSFR). This demonstrates the potential of using “local high-z analogs” to investigate the spectroscopic properties and relations of galaxies in the re-ionization epoch.

Published
2016
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5. The XXL Survey: VI. The 1000 brightest X-ray point sources

Author

M. E. Ramos-Ceja, C. Adami, T. Sadibekova, Florian Pacaud, Dominique Eckert, Sophie Maurogordato, A. Iovino, L. Guennou, Matt S. Owers, Cathy Horellou, F. Ardila, Elias Koulouridis, Ivan K. Baldry, Christer Lidman, Andrii Elyiv, E. Pompei, Manolis Plionis, Stéphane Arnouts, Sinan Aliş, O. Melnyk, Marcella Brusa, Cristian Vignali, L. Faccioli, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Jon Willis, Seema Y Desai, Richard J. Tuffs, A. Stanford, Jochen Liske, Stéphane Paltani, Joseph J. Mohr, Malcolm N. Bremer, Angela Bongiorno, Marguerite Pierre, Enrico Piconcelli, Felipe Menanteau, Bianca M. Poggianti, L. Chiappetti, Piero Ranalli, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, CEA/DCC/DRRV/SCD, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Marcoule, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], National Observatory of Athens, Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Computing (GATECH), Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF- Milano, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, AUTRES, Astronomical Observatory of Kiev, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), INAF-IASF Milano, Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Fotopoulou, S., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Ranalli, P., Ramos-Ceja, M.E., Faccioli, L., Plionis, M., Adami, C., Bongiorno, A., Brusa, M., Chiappetti, L., Desai, S., Elyiv, A., Lidman, C., Melnyk, O., Pierre, M., Piconcelli, E., Vignali, C., Alis, S., Ardila, F., Arnouts, S., Baldry, I., Bremer, M., Eckert, D., Guennou, L., Horellou, C., Iovino, A., Koulouridis, E., Liske, J., Maurogordato, S., Menanteau, F., Mohr, J.J., Owers, M., Poggianti, B., Pompei, E., Sadibekova, T., Stanford, A., Tuffs, R., Willis, J., Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS/NOA), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Active galactic nucleus, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Infrarot-Astrophysik - Abteilung Hofmann, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Parameter space, catalogs, surveys, galaxies: active, X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Supercluster, general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Luminosity function, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Photometric redshift, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], Catalog, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

X-ray extragalactic surveys are ideal laboratories for the study of the evolution and clustering of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The XXL Survey spans two fields of a combined 50 $deg^2$ observed for more than 6Ms with XMM-Newton, occupying the parameter space between deep surveys and very wide area surveys; at the same time it benefits from a wealth of ancillary data. This paper marks the first release of the XXL point source catalogue selected in the 2-10 keV energy band with limiting flux $F_{2-10keV}=4.8\cdot10^{-14}\rm{erg\,s^{-1}\,cm^{-2}}$. We use both public and proprietary data sets to identify the counterparts of the X-ray point-like sources and improved upon the photometric redshift determination for AGN by applying a Random Forest classification trained to identify for each object the optimal photometric redshift model library. We also assign a probability to each source to be a star or an outlier. We model with Bayesian analysis the X-ray spectra assuming a power-law model with the presence of an absorbing medium. We find an average unabsorbed photon index of $\Gamma=1.85$ and average hydrogen column density $\log{N_{H}}=21.07 cm^{-2}$. We find no trend of $\Gamma$ or $N_H$ with redshift and a fraction of 26% absorbed sources ($\log N_{H}>22$). We show that the XXL-1000-AGN number counts extended the number counts of the COSMOS survey to higher fluxes and are fully consistent with the Euclidean expectation. We constrain the intrinsic luminosity function of AGN in the 2-10 keV energy band where the unabsorbed X-ray flux is estimated from the X-ray spectral fit up to z=3. Finally, we demonstrate the presence of a supercluster size structure at redshift 0.14, identified by means of percolation analysis of the XXL-1000-AGN sample. The XXL survey, reaching a medium flux limit and covering a wide area is a stepping stone between current deep fields and planned wide area surveys., Comment: 29 pages, 20 figures, 120 figures in the appendix, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2016
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6. Non-linearity and environmental dependence of the star-forming galaxies main sequence

Author

Paola Popesso, F. Ziparo, Jeffrey A. Newman, G. Erfanianfar, N. Brandt, Andrea Biviano, S. Berta, H. Aussel, Albrecht Poglitsch, D. Wilman, M. Mirkazemi, Francesca Pozzi, Benjamin Magnelli, Mark Dickinson, Raanan Nordon, E. Le Floc'h, Kirpal Nandra, O. Ilbert, D. Fadda, D. Elbaz, Alexis Finoguenov, Andrea Cimatti, John S. Mulchaey, M. C. Cooper, R. M. Bielby, Nico Cappelluti, Masaomi Tanaka, L. Morselli, Dieter Lutz, Mara Salvato, Franz E. Bauer, M. B. Altieri, Stijn Wuyts, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Durham University, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), AUTRES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Erfanianfar, G., Popesso, P., Finoguenov, A., Wilman, D., Wuyts, S., Biviano, A., Salvato, M., Mirkazemi, M., Morselli, L., Ziparo, F., Nandra, K., Lutz, D., Elbaz, D., Dickinson, M., Tanaka, M., Altieri, M.B., Aussel, H., Bauer, F., Berta, S., Bielby, R.M., Brandt, N., Cappelluti, N., Cimatti, A., Cooper, M.C., Fadda, D., Ilbert, O., Le Floch, E., Magnelli, B., Mulchaey, J.S., Nordon, R., Newman, J.A., Poglitsch, A., Pozzi, F., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of Bologna, and NOAO

Subjects
Infrared: galaxie, haloes [Galaxies], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Galaxies: groups: general, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, star formation [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, evolution [Galaxy], Peculiar galaxy, galaxies [Infrared], Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, Disc, Galaxies: haloe, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Lenticular galaxy, Galaxy: structure, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, Galaxy: evolution, Galaxies: star formation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, groups: general [Galaxies], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Elliptical galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], structure [Galaxy]
Abstract

Using data from four deep fields (COSMOS, AEGIS, ECDFS, and CDFN), we study the correlation between the position of galaxies in the star formation rate (SFR) versus stellar mass plane and local environment at $z10^{10.4-10.6}$ $M_{\odot}$), across all environments. At high redshift ( $0.5, Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2016
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7. The evolving star formation rate: M-star relation and sSFR since z similar or equal to 5 from the VUDS spectroscopic survey

Author

Tasca, L. A. M., Le Fevre, O., Hathi, N. P., Schaerer, D., Ilbert, O., Zamorani, G., Lemaux, B. C., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassara, L. P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, Alessandro, Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Koekemoer, A., Lopez-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Pforr, J., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., Wang, P. W., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), INAF- Milano, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Institute of cosmology and gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Project: 268107,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100224,EARLY(2011), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bologna, and University of Geneva [Switzerland]

Subjects
Galaxies: star formation, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: evolution, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxies: formation, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; We study the evolution of the star formation rate (SFR) - stellar mass (M-star) relation and specific star formation rate (sSFR) of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) since a redshift z similar or equal to 5.5 using 2435 (4531) galaxies with highly reliable spectroscopic redshifts in the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS). It is the first time that these relations can be followed over such a large redshift range from a single homogeneously selected sample of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts. The log(SFR) - log(M-star) relation for SFGs remains roughly linear all the way up to z = 5, but the SFR steadily increases at fixed mass with increasing redshift. We find that for stellar masses M-star \textgreater= 3.2 x 10(9) M-circle dot the SFR increases by a factor of similar to 13 between z = 0.4 and z = 2.3. We extend this relation up to z = 5, finding an additional increase in SFR by a factor of 1.7 from z = 2.3 to z = 4.8 for masses M-star = 1010 M-circle dot. We observe a turn-off in the SFR-M-star relation at the highest mass end up to a redshift z similar to 3.5. We interpret this turn-off as the signature of a strong on-going quenching mechanism and rapid mass growth. The sSFR increases strongly up to z similar to 2, but it grows much less rapidly in 2 \textless z \textless 5. We find that the shape of the sSFR evolution is not well reproduced by cold gas accretion-driven models or the latest hydrodynamical models. Below z similar to 2 these models have a flatter evolution (1+z)(Phi) with Phi = 2-2.25 compared to the data which evolves more rapidly with Phi = 2.8 +/- 0.2. Above z similar to 2, the reverse is happening with the data evolving more slowly with Phi = 1.2 +/- 0.1. The observed sSFR evolution over a large redshift range 0 \textless z \textless 5 and our finding of a non-linear main sequence at high mass both indicate that the evolution of SFR and M-star is not solely driven by gas accretion. The results presented in this paper emphasize the need to invoke a more complex mix of physical processes including major and minor merging to further understand the co-evolution of the SFR and stellar mass growth.

Published
2015
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8. The composite nature of Dust-Obscured Galaxies (DOGs) at z similar to 2-3 in the COSMOS field - I. A far-infrared view

Author

E. Le Floc'h, Dieter Lutz, Nick Scoville, James Mullaney, Benjamin Magnelli, J. A. Calanog, Asantha Cooray, H. J. McCracken, Mara Salvato, Anton M. Koekemoer, Peter Capak, D. B. Sanders, Ezequiel Treister, S. Berta, Karín Menéndez-Delmestre, Isaac Roseboom, Olivier Ilbert, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, L. Riguccini, Seb Oliver, Herve Aussel, J. S. Kartaltepe, Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AUTRES, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), Ecosystèmes lagunaires : organisation biologique et fonctionnement (ECOLAG), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Opacity, Star formation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, QB0460, Far infrared, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Dust-Obscured galaxies (DOGs) are bright 24 um-selected sources with extreme obscuration at optical wavelengths. They are typically characterized by a rising power-law continuum of hot dust (T_D ~ 200-1000K) in the near-IR indicating that their mid-IR luminosity is dominated by an an active galactic nucleus (AGN). DOGs with a fainter 24 um flux display a stellar bump in the near-IR and their mid-IR luminosity appears to be mainly powered by dusty star formation. Alternatively, it may be that the mid-IR emission arising from AGN activity is dominant but the torus is sufficiently opaque to make the near-IR emission from the AGN negligible with respect to the emission from the host component. In an effort to characterize the astrophysical nature of the processes responsible for the IR emission in DOGs, this paper exploits Herschel data (PACS + SPIRE) on a sample of 95 DOGs within the COSMOS field. We derive a wealth of far-IR properties (e.g., total IR luminosities; mid-to-far IR colors; dust temperatures and masses) based on SED fitting. Of particular interest are the 24 um-bright DOGs (F_24um > 1mJy). They present bluer far-IR/mid-IR colors than the rest of the sample, unveiling the potential presence of an AGN. The AGN contribution to the total 8-1000 um flux increases as a function of the rest-frame 8 um-luminosity irrespective of the redshift. This confirms that faint DOGs (L_8 um< 10^12 L_sun) are dominated by star-formation while brighter DOGs show a larger contribution from an AGN., Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2015
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9. Faint AGNs at z \textgreater 4 in the CANDELS GOODS-S field: looking for contributors to the reionization of the Universe

Author

Emanuele Giallongo, Steven L. Finkelstein, Anton M. Koekemoer, Laura Pentericci, Norman A. Grogin, Andrea Grazian, Dale D. Kocevski, Stefano Cristiani, Nimish P. Hathi, Henry C. Ferguson, Jeffrey A. Newman, Mark Dickinson, Adriano Fontana, Eros Vanzella, Marco Castellano, Mara Salvato, Fabrizio Fiore, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)

Subjects
Absolute magnitude, Physics, education.field_of_study, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, education, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, Luminosity function (astronomy)
Abstract

In order to derive the AGN contribution to the cosmological ionizing emissivity we have selected faint AGN candidates at $z>4$ in the CANDELS GOODS-South field which is one of the deepest fields with extensive multiwavelength coverage from Chandra, HST, Spitzer and various groundbased telescopes. We have adopted a relatively novel criterion. As a first step high redshift galaxies are selected in the NIR $H$ band down to very faint levels ($H\leq27$) using reliable photometric redshifts. This corresponds at $z>4$ to a selection criterion based on the galaxy rest-frame UV flux. AGN candidates are then picked up from this parent sample if they show X-ray fluxes above a threshold of $F_X\sim 1.5\times 10^{-17}$ cgs (0.5-2 keV). We have found 22 AGN candidates at $z>4$ and we have derived the first estimate of the UV luminosity function in the redshift interval $4, Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, A&A accepted, updated figure 6, corrected typo in table 3, updated references

Published
2015
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10. (Sub)millimetre interferometric imaging of a sample of COSMOS/AzTEC submillimetre galaxies

Author

Miettinen, O., Smolcic, V., Novak, M., Aravena, M., Karim, A., Masters, D., Riechers, D. A., Bussmann, R. S., Mccracken, H. J., Ilbert, O., Bertoldi, F., Capak, P., Feruglio, C., Halliday, C., Kartaltepe, J. S., Navarrete, F., Salvato, M., Sanders, D., Schinnerer, E., Sheth, K., Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, AUTRES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We used the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) to map a sample of 15 submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the COSMOS field at the wavelength of 1.3 mm. The target SMGs were originally discovered in the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT)/AzTEC 1.1 mmcontinuum survey at S/N-1.1mm = 4-4.5. This paper presents, for the first time, interferometric millimetre-wavelength observations of these sources. The angular resolution of our observations, similar to 1 `'.8, allowed us to accurately determine the positions of the target SMGs. Using a detection threshold of S/N-1.3mm \textgreater 4.5 regardless of multiwavelength counterpart association, and 4 \textless S/N-1.3 mm \textless= 4.5 if a multiwavelength counterpart within 1 `'.5 is also present, the total number of detections in our survey is 22. The most significant PdBI detection of S/N-1.3 (mm) = 10.3 is towards AzTEC19. Three of our detected SMGs (AzTEC21, 27, and 28; which corresponds to 20%) are marginally resolved at our angular resolution, and these sources are found to have elongated or clumpy morphologies and/or multiple components. Using optical to near-infrared photometric redshifts, available spectroscopic redshifts, and redshifts estimated from the radio-to-submm spectral index we infer a median redshift of \textless(z)over tilde\textgreater = 3.20 +/- 0.25 for our sample. To study the overall multiplicity and redshift distribution of flux-limited samples of SMGs we combined these sources with the 15 brightest JCMT/AzTEC SMGs detected at 1.1 mm, AzTEC1-15, and studied previously. This constitutes a complete, flux-and S/N-limited 1.1-mm selected sample. We find that the median redshift for the 15 brightest JCMT/AzTEC SMGs ((z) over tilde = 3.05 +/- 0.44) is consistent with that for AzTEC16-30. This conforms to recent observational findings that SMGs do not exhibit any significant trend between the redshift and (sub) mm flux density. For the combined AzTEC1-30 sample we derive a median redshift of (z) over tilde = 3.17 +/- 0.27, consistent with previous results based on mm-selected samples. We further infer that within the combined AzTEC1-30 sample similar to 25 +/- 9% of sources separate into multiple components.

Published
2015
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11. Stellar mass to halo mass relation from galaxy clustering in VUDS: a high star formation efficiency at z similar or equal to 3

Author

Durkalec, A., Le Fevre, O., Torre, S., Pollo, A., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Lemaux, B. C., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Tasca, L. A. M., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassara, L. P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, Alessandro, Cucciati, O., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N. P., Ilbert, O., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vereani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Cuby, J. G., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Koekemoer, A., Lopez-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Pforr, J., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., Wang, P. W., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF- Milano, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), European Project: 268107,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100224,EARLY(2011), University of Bologna, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Galaxies: evolution, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Early Universe, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Methods: statistical
Abstract

International audience; The relation between the galaxy stellar mass M-star and the dark matter halo mass M-h gives important information on the efficiency in forming stars and assembling stellar mass in galaxies. We present measurements of the ratio of stellar mass to halo mass (SMHR) at redshifts 2 \textless z \textless 5, obtained from the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey. We use halo occupation distribution (HOD) modelling of clustering measurements on similar to 3000 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts to derive the dark matter halo mass M-h, and spectral energy density fitting over a large set of multi-wavelength data to derive the stellar mass M-star and compute the SMHR = M-star/M-h. We find that the SMHR ranges from 1% to 2.5% for galaxies with M-star = 1.3 x 10(9) M-star to M-star = 7.4 x 10(9) M-circle dot in DM halos with M-h = 1.3 x 10(11) M-circle dot to M-h = 3 x 10(11) M-circle dot. We derive the integrated star formation efficiency (ISFE) of these galaxies and find that the star formation efficiency is a moderate 6-9% for lower mass galaxies, while it is relatively high at 16% for galaxies with the median stellar mass of the sample similar to 7 x 10(9) M-circle dot. The lower ISFE at lower masses may indicate that some efficient means of suppressing star formation is at work (like SNe feedback), while the high ISFE for the average galaxy at z similar to 3 indicates that these galaxies efficiently build up their stellar mass at a key epoch in the mass assembly process. Based on our results, we propose a possible scenario in which the average massive galaxy at z similar to 3 begins to experience truncation of its star formation within a few million years.

Published
2015
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12. Physical properties of z \textgreater 4 submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field

Author

Smolcic, V., Karim, A., Miettinen, O., Novak, M., Magnelli, B., Riechers, D. A., Schinnerer, E., Capak, P., Bondi, M., Ciliegi, P., Aravena, M., Bertoldi, F., Bourke, S., Banfield, J., Carilli, C. L., Civano, F., Ilbert, O., Intema, H. T., Le Fevre, O., Finoguenov, A., Hallinan, G., Kloeckner, H. -R., Koekemoer, A., Laigle, C., Masters, D., Mccracken, H. J., Mooley, K., Murphy, E., Navarette, F., Salvato, M., Sargent, M., Sheth, K., Toft, S., Zamorani, G., Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), AUTRES, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), National Radio Astronomy Observatory [Socorro] (NRAO), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Dark Cosmology Centre (DARK), Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We investigate the physical properties of a sample of six submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the COSMOS field, spectroscopically confirmed to lie at redshifts z \textgreater 4. While the redshifts for four of these SMGs were previously known, we present here two newly discovered z(spec) \textgreater 4 SMGs. For our analysis we employ the rich (X-ray to radio) COSMOS multi-wavelength datasets. In particular, we use new data from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) 325 MHz and 3 GHz Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to probe the rest-frame 1.4 GHz emission at z = 4, and to estimate the sizes of the star formation regions of these sources, respectively. We find that only one SMG is clearly resolved at a resolution of 0.” 6 x 0.” 7 at 3 GHz, two may be marginally resolved, while the remaining three SMGs are unresolved at this resolution. Combining this with sizes from high-resolution (sub-) mm observations available in the literature for AzTEC 1 and AzTEC 3 we infer a median radio-emitting size for our z \textgreater 4 SMGs of (0.” 63 +/- 0.” 12) x (0.” 35 +/- 0.” 05) or 4.1 x 2.3 kpc(2) (major x minor axis; assuming z = 4.5) or lower if we take the two marginally resolved SMGs as unresolved. This is consistent with the sizes of star formation regions in lower-redshift SMGs, and local normal galaxies, yet higher than the sizes of star formation regions of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Our SMG sample consists of a fair mix of compact and more clumpy systems with multiple, perhaps merging, components. With an average formation time of similar to 280 Myr, as derived through modeling of the UV IR spectral energy distributions, the studied SMGs are young systems. The average stellar mass, dust temperature, and IR luminosity we derive are M-star similar to 1.4 x 10(11) M-circle dot, T-dust similar to 43 K, and L-IR similar to 1.3 x 10(13) L-circle dot, respectively. The average L-IR is up to an order of magnitude higher than for SMGs at lower redshifts. Our SMGs follow the correlation between dust temperature and IR luminosity as derived for Herschel-selected 0.1 \textless z \textless 2 galaxies. We study the IR-radio correlation for our sources and find a deviation from that derived for z \textless 3 ULIRGs (\textless q(IR)\textgreater = 1.95 +/- 0.26 for our sample, compared to q approximate to 2.6 for IR luminous galaxies at z \textless 2). In summary, we find that the physical properties derived for our z \textgreater 4 SMGs put them at the high end of the L-IR-T-dust distribution of SMGs, and that our SMGs form a morphologically heterogeneous sample. Thus, additional in-depth analyses of large, statistical samples of high-redshift SMGs are needed to fully understand their role in galaxy formation and evolution.

Published
2015
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13. SINFONI spectra of heavily obscured AGNs in COSMOS: Evidence of outflows in a MIR/O target at z ~ 2.5

Author

S. Berta, Fabrizio Fiore, Ivan Delvecchio, Michele Perna, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Giovanni Cresci, E. Le Floc'h, Mara Salvato, Marcella Brusa, L. Riguccini, Dieter Lutz, Vincenzo Mainieri, ITA, FRA, DEU, BRA, HRV, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), University of Zagreb, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), Perna, M., Brusa, M., Salvato, M., Cresci, G., Lanzuisi, G., Berta, S., Delvecchio, I., Fiore, F., Lutz, D., Le Floc'H, E., Mainieri, V., and Riguccini, L.

Subjects
Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Emission spectrum, ISM: jets and outflow, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, Physics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Galaxy: evolution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quasars: emission line, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, quasars: emission lines, ISM: jets and outflows, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We present new data for four candidate obscured Compton-Thick (CT) quasars at z $\sim$1-2.5 observed with SINFONI VLT spectrograph in AO mode. These sources were selected from a 24$\mu$m Spitzer MIPS survey of the COSMOS field, on the basis of red mid-infrared-to-optical and optical-to-near-infrared colours, with the intention of identifying active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dust enshrouded environments, where most of the black hole mass is assembled in dust enshrouded environments. Near infrared spectra were analyzed in order to check for emission line features and to search for broad components in the [OIII]-H$\beta$ and H$\alpha$-[NII] regions. X-ray spectral analysis, radio and MIR diagnostics, and SED fitting have also been employed to study the nature of the sources. We successfully identified three objects for which we had only a photometric redshift estimate. Based on their emission line diagnostics and on ancillary multi-wavelength constraints, we find that all four targets harbor obscured AGNs. Broad profiles that could be attributed to the effects of outflows are revealed in only one target, MIRO20581. In particular, we clearly resolved a fast ($\sim$1600 km/s) and extended ($\sim$5 kpc) outflow in the [OIII]5007 emission line. This feature, the commonly used indicator for ionised outflowing gas, was sampled and detected only for this target; hence, we can not exclude the presence of outflows in the other sources. Overall, the constraints we obtain from our targets and from other comparative samples from the literature suggest that these optically faint luminous infrared galaxies, hosting obscured AGNs, may represent a brief evolutionary phase between the post-merger starburst and the unobscured QSO phases., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2015
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14. The evolution of galaxy star formation activity in massive haloes

Author

D. Lutz, H. Aussel, Andrea Biviano, E. Le Floc'h, D. Fadda, G. Rodighiero, C. K. Xu, Albrecht Poglitsch, Mara Salvato, Benjamin Magnelli, D. Elbaz, A. Finoguenov, F. Ziparo, Carlotta Gruppioni, Mark Dickinson, P. Popesso, O. Ilbert, Raanan Nordon, D. Wilman, S. Berta, Francesca Pozzi, Bruno Altieri, A. Cimatti, Popesso, P., Biviano, A., Finoguenov, A., Wilman, D., Salvato, M., Magnelli, B., Gruppioni, C., Pozzi, F., Rodighiero, G., Ziparo, F., Berta, S., Elbaz, D., Dickinson, M., Lutz, D., Altieri, B., Aussel, H., Cimatti, A., Fadda, D., Ilbert, O., Le Floch, E., Nordon, R., Poglitsch, A., Xu, C.K., Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), evolution-galaxie, media_common.quotation_subject, groups, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxie, galaxies: groups: general, Active phase, general-galaxie, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, group, clusters, luminosity function, cluster, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, mass function-galaxie, media_common, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, evolution-galaxies, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, mass function-galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Universe, Galaxy, Redshift, general-galaxies, galaxies: luminosity function, galaxies: clusters: general, mass function, general, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Halo, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Low Mass, galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

There is now a large consensus that the current epoch of the Cosmic Star Formation History (CSFH) is dominated by low mass galaxies while the most active phase at 1~1, the most IR-luminous galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) are preferentially located in groups, and this is consistent with a reversal of the star-formation rate vs .density anti-correlation observed in the nearby Universe. At these redshifts, group galaxies contribute 60-80% of the CSFH, i.e. much more than at lower redshifts. Below z~1, the comoving number and SFR densities of IR-emitting galaxies in groups decline significantly faster than those of all IR-emitting galaxies. Our results are consistent with a "halo downsizing" scenario and highlight the significant role of "environment" quenching in shaping the CSFH., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication by A&A

Published
2015
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15. Stellar masses from the CANDELS survey: the GOODS-South and UDS fields

Author

Paola Santini, Dale D. Kocevski, Anton M. Koekemoer, Stijn Wuyts, Tomas Dahlen, Andrea Grazian, M. E. Dickinson, Bahram Mobasher, Benjamin J. Weiner, Michael C. Cooper, Ricardo Amorín, Guillermo Barro, Peter Kurczynski, Adriano Fontana, K. Boutsia, Nimish P. Hathi, Sang-Gak Lee, E. Merlin, Steve Finkelstein, Tommy Wiklind, Yicheng Guo, Li-Ting Hsu, Alice Mortlock, Marco Castellano, Audrey Galametz, C. J. Conselice, D. Paris, Jeffrey A. Newman, Henry C. Ferguson, Bomee Lee, Janine Pforr, Raymond C. Simons, L. Pentericci, Mauro Giavalisco, Mara Salvato, Steven P. Willner, Norman A. Grogin, Omar Almaini, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Institute of cosmology and gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Steward observatory, University of Arizona, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), INGENIERIE (INGENIERIE), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), and Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge]

Subjects
Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Stellar mass, Star formation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, stellar content [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Spectral line, Redshift, Photometry (optics), surveys, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), fundamental parameters [galaxies], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Stellar isochrone, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], catalogs, high-redshift [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the public release of the stellar mass catalogs for the GOODS-S and UDS fields obtained using some of the deepest near-IR images available, achieved as part of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) project. We combine the effort from ten different teams, who computed the stellar masses using the same photometry and the same redshifts. Each team adopted their preferred fitting code, assumptions, priors, and parameter grid. The combination of results using the same underlying stellar isochrones reduces the systematics associated with the fitting code and other choices. Thanks to the availability of different estimates, we can test the effect of some specific parameters and assumptions on the stellar mass estimate. The choice of the stellar isochrone library turns out to have the largest effect on the galaxy stellar mass estimates, resulting in the largest distributions around the median value (with a semi interquartile range larger than 0.1 dex). On the other hand, for most galaxies, the stellar mass estimates are relatively insensitive to the different parameterizations of the star formation history. The inclusion of nebular emission in the model spectra does not have a significant impact for the majority of galaxies (less than a factor of 2 for ~80% of the sample). Nevertheless, the stellar mass for the subsample of young galaxies (age < 100 Myr), especially in particular redshift ranges (e.g., 2.2 < z < 2.4, 3.2 < z < 3.6, and 5.5 < z < 6.5), can be seriously overestimated (by up to a factor of 10 for < 20 Myr sources) if nebular contribution is ignored., Accepted for publication by ApJ. Replaced to match the final version (two tables and one figure added in the appendix)

Published
2014
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16. Kinematic analysis of a sample of X-ray luminous distant galaxy clusters

Author

A. Nastasi, Miguel Verdugo, Joseph J. Mohr, Hans Böhringer, Arjen de Hoon, Gabriel W. Pratt, Georg Lamer, Nelson Padilla, R. Suhada, Piero Rosati, Hernan Quintana, Axel Schwope, Rene Fassbender, J. S. Santos, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Universität Wien, and Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE)

Subjects
Physics, Velocity dispersion, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, methods: data analysis, Redshift, Galaxy, Amplitude, galaxies: clusters: general, Space and Planetary Science, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Cluster (physics), galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Scaling, Galaxy cluster
Abstract

International audience; Aims. Observations and cosmological simulations show galaxy clusters as a family of nearly self-similar objects with properties that can be described by scaling relations as a function of mass and time. Here we study the scaling relations between the galaxy velocity dispersion (σv) and X-ray quantities, such as X-ray bolometric luminosity (LBolX,500) and temperature (TX) in galaxy clusters at high redshifts (0.64 ≤ z ≤ 1.46). We also compare our results with the analogous study of the local HIFLUGCS sample.Methods. For the analysis, we use a set of 15 distant galaxy clusters extracted from the literature and selected via different methods. We also use a sample of ten newly discovered clusters selected via their X-ray emission by the XMM-Newton Distant Cluster Project (XDCP), with more than ten confirmed spectroscopic members per cluster. For both samples, the same method was used to determine σv. We also study the evolution of this scaling relation by comparing the high redshift results with the data from the HIFLUGCS sample, which is taken as a representative of the conditions in the local Universe. For such an analysis, we restrict the study to the clusters in the common LBolX,500 range. We also investigate the LX − TX and the σv − TX relations for the 15 clusters from the literature sample.Results. We report the results of the X-ray and kinematic analysis of ten newly detected high redshift clusters and provide their spectroscopic and kinematic details. For the entire distant sample, we find a slope fully consistent with the one typical of local clusters, albeit with a large associated uncertainty (~26%). We repeat the fit by freezing the slope to the value found for the HIFLUGCS systems restricted to the same luminosity range as our sample to investigate the evolution of the amplitude alone. We find a positive offset of ΔA/A = 0.44 ± 0.22 if the self-similar evolution is neglected, hence indicating the possible need for including evolutionary effects. However, the LX − TX relation is found to be in good agreement with the local relation without any significant redshift evolution. Finally, the σv − TX relation appears to slightly deviate from the theoretical expectation that galaxies and gas particles have a similar specific kinetic energy. However, the associated uncertainty is currently too large for making any conclusive statement in this regard.

Published
2014
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17. The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Ly$\alpha$ Emission and Stellar Populations of Star-Forming Galaxies at 2〈z〈2.5

Author

Hathi, Nimish P., Le Fèvre, O., Ilbert, O., Cassata, P., Tasca, L. A. M., Lemaux, B. C., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L. P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Guaita, L., Koekemoer, A., Paltani, S., Pforr, J., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Marco Scodeggio, Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Cuby, J. G., La Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., Wang, P. W., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AUTRES, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institute of cosmology and gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF- Milano, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate spectral and photometric properties of 854 faint ($i_{AB}$$0\AA), and Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs; EW$\ge$20\AA). The fraction of LAEs at these redshifts is $\sim$10%, which is consistent with previous observations. We compared best-fit SED-estimated stellar parameters of the SFG$_{\rm N}$, SFG$_{\rm L}$ and LAE samples. For the luminosities probed here ($\sim$L$^*$), we find that galaxies with and without Ly$\alpha$ in emission have small but significant differences in their SED-based properties. We find that LAEs have less dust, and lower star-formation rates (SFR) compared to non-LAEs. We also find that LAEs are less massive compared to non-LAEs, though the difference is smaller and less significant compared to the SFR and E$_{\rm s}$(B-V). [abridged], Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 19 pages, 10 figures, 1 table

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