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The article is devoted to the factors that determine the lexicon renewal. Linguistic, sociolinguistic, and psycholinguistic factors are set. Linguistic factor is language means denoting new concepts, sociolinguistic one is social conditions of language functioning, in particular, contact with other languages, and psycholinguistic one is speakers' understanding of sociolinguistic situation. Each of these factors is considered on the example of the Belarusian language. When language tools are used as markers of national identity, specific features, especially, specific means of nomination are consumed more often than general ones, which coincides with the other language. Besides, evaluative units are chosen first of all from specific tools. Diminutives and augmentatives are of particular role among them. They are the best ethnic markers – Belarusian examples are given below.