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Remanufacturing of aero-engine blade components is vital for sustainability and cost-efficiency in aerospace and energy industries. These types of products are sometimes damaged during use but may be successfully repaired using additive manufacturing processes, e.g., Directed Energy Deposition (DED). During this process, precise and reliable fixturing during machining and repairs is crucial as it impacts the final geometric outcome of the remanufactured component. In this study, the fixture layout during the DED process for optimal geometric outcome is considered. Initially, the placement zones in the part surfaces are defined, and the problem space is discretized. A greedy optimization algorithm is considered for the optimization of the clamping positions to achieve the highest geometric quality. The surface on which the material is deposited is measured and analyzed. The optimal fixture layout to achieve minimum deviation on this surface prior to the DED process is identified. The DED process is then simulated, and the deviation in the final geometry is analyzed before and after optimization. Accurate simulation of the DED process using the inherent strain approach allows for verification of the optimization of the fixture layout. The result of this study shows the importance of locating and clamping placement for the remanufacturing process using the DED process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manufacture of high-quality products mandates precise positioning in welding, and the same can be achieved through the use of fixtures which facilitate consistency in repetitive welding tasks. Traditional existing practices followed in industries include the use of standard-angle fixtures and are limited to fixed 90° orientations. This limits their usage to components needing joining by welding to be performed at various prescribed angles. Thus, to overcome these challenges and improve welding practices, a low-cost and user-friendly fixture was developed that enabled precise welding at angles other than 90°. This fixture finds wide suitability for outdoor welding applications, manufacturing brackets, angles, and other customized jobs. Its design characteristics include adjustability, lightweight construction, rigidity, and ease of use, thus making it stand out from existing fixtures. The unique features of the fixture enable one to minimize errors, reduce waste and associated costs, and increase productivity, thus leading to higher employee satisfaction and a better reputation for the company. Further, due to the elimination of the need for post-welding follow-up work, manufacturers can produce more products with ease and speed, thus resulting in significant benefits for their business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In fabrication of a thin and large optical element, grinding with the conventional fixture cannot achieve high precision. When such a thin and large workpiece is tightly fixed to the grinder table, the inconsistency in the form of the contact surfaces and thermal expansion of them produce unexpected stress on the workpiece. After finishing grinding with the fixture, the deformation of the ground surface would happen, accompanied by the release of the stress. This paper proposes a stress-free fixture method by removing over-constraint from the fixture structure. Corrective grinding is executed by calculating the deformation of the workpiece due to the load of the grinding wheel. Furthermore, the fixture enables on-machine measurement by an interferometer above the grinder by replicating the same condition as when the optical element is in use. We achieved a precision of RMS 0.30 µm on a one-meter-size glass ceramic of 60 mm in thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manufacture of high-quality products mandates precise positioning in welding, and the same can be achieved through the use of fixtures which facilitate consistency in repetitive welding tasks. Traditional existing practices followed in industries include the use of standard-angle fixtures and are limited to fixed 90° orientations. This limits their usage to components needing joining by welding to be performed at various prescribed angles. Thus, to overcome these challenges and improve welding practices, a low-cost and user-friendly fixture was developed that enabled precise welding at angles other than 90°. This fixture finds wide suitability for outdoor welding applications, manufacturing brackets, angles, and other customized jobs. Its design characteristics include adjustability, lightweight construction, rigidity, and ease of use, thus making it stand out from existing fixtures. The unique features of the fixture enable one to minimize errors, reduce waste and associated costs, and increase productivity, thus leading to higher employee satisfaction and a better reputation for the company. Further, due to the elimination of the need for post-welding follow-up work, manufacturers can produce more products with ease and speed, thus resulting in significant benefits for their business.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The problem of clamping complex or low-stiffness parts in technically and economically advantageous conditions is of interest for many manufacturing companies. An emerging method for this type of parts is fixing with adhesive. This paper proposes a new adhesive fixing method for low-rigidity parts, using adhesive tape. The use of adhesive tape minimizes the vibrations induced by the tool in the workpiece and minimizes chatter. This method, although simple and cheap, has not been considered before. The validation of this fixing method was done after a series of tests to determine the holding capacity and stability of the fixed part during the machining process. Therefore, a fixture was designed and manufactured to determine the tensile and shear load capacity of adhesive tapes. Two types of parts from different materials and shapes were machined to determine the stability of the fixed part during machining. After determining the dimensional, shape, and positional accuracy, the method was found to be valid. The method has a high potential for clamping parts with low rigidity for machining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Vegetables play a key role in food security and nutrition as the food system shifts from food quantity to dietary quality and health benefits. One of the main reasons for the low production and declining average yields of most vegetable crops is climate change. Important limiting factors in maintaining and increasing vegetable crop yields are rising temperatures, reduced water availability for irrigation, flooding and salinity. Under changing climatic conditions, crop failures, declining quality and increasing pest and disease problems are becoming commonplace and making vegetable production unprofitable. Since many physiological processes and enzyme activity are temperature dependent, they will be greatly affected. Drought and salinity are two important effects of rising temperatures that reduce vegetable crop yields. These impacts of climate change also affect the emergence of pests and diseases, host-pathogen interactions, distribution and ecology of insects, timing of emergence, migration to new locations, and their ability to overwinter, all of which become a major barrier to vegetable production. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on the productivity and quality of vegetable crops, sound adaptation strategies need to be developed. Emphasis should be placed on the development of production systems that improve water efficiency and are adapted to hot and dry conditions. Technological practices, such as mulching with crop residues and plastic materials, help maintain soil moisture. Excessive soil moisture due to heavy rains becomes a serious problem that can be solved by growing crops in raised beds. An effective way to solve these problems is to create genotypes that are resistant to high temperatures, moisture, salinity and resistance to climatic conditions, using traditional and non-traditional breeding methods, genomics, biotechnology, etc.

This study aimed to investigate if external training load metrics differ between training days and match day (MD) during a period of fixture congestion and to verify if external load metrics vary based on playing positions. Training and MD data were collected in a part of the competition phase of the 2020-2021 season (6 weeks) in the English Football League 2 (N = 20 players, mean ± SDs: age = 24.4 ± 4.7 years). Global Navigation Satellite System units (Catapult S7 Vector 10 Hz) were used to monitor external load metrics. The metrics were duration of training, total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSR), sprinting distance, relative intensity (m/min), total accelerations (TotAcc) (>3 m⋅s-2), and total decelerations (TotDec) (<-3 m⋅s-2). This study found that duration, TD, relative intensity, HSR distance, sprint distance, TotAcc, and TotDec were different (p < 0.001, d = small to moderate) between MD and match day minus two (MD-2) or match day minus one (MD-1); however, during match day minus four (MD-4), only relative intensity was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared with MD output. Therefore, MD-4 was the most demanding training session of the week (after the MD), and during MD-2 and MD-1, coaches decreased players' load to favor players' readiness. Moreover, this study found that MD and MD-1 resulted in statistically different values across several metrics between different playing positions (defenders < midfielders and strikers), whereas metrics in MD-4 and MD-2 were not statistically different, which highlights that in these sessions, players have similar external loads independently from their playing positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the influence of the different clamping zones of a web on the vibration of I-shaped composite beams is discussed. This current study is divided into two steps. In the first step, according to the different clamping spacings, through vibration simulation analysis, the optimal clamping spacing was selected. In the second step, the optimal new fixture was designed by means of different clamping positions and shapes. The analysis also reveals that a reduction in the clamping space does not contribute to a reduction in vibration. A newly selected fixture was designed based on the results that were delivered by the finite element model analysis of the L fixture in the upper and lower. Based on static analysis, the improved fixture was able to significantly reduce displacement, stress, and strain compared with the original one. By using dynamic analysis, modes, the frequency response, and random analyses, we found that the improved fixture could enhance the natural frequencies of the structure and reduce vibration displacement and acceleration during manufacturing. From the 2000 Hz sweep, the peak values of the power spectral density of displacement and acceleration went down by about 100 and 10 times, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implant is a material used in replacing missing teeth. The osseointegration process of dental implants will be affected by the macrodesign of the fixtures. This study aimed to review the dental implant macrodesign in the past 10 years. This study was conducted in a systematic review method using two electronic databases (PUBMED and Science Direct). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the last 10 years were used for this review. All the search results were filtered using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses and should fulfill some predefined inclusion criteria. The last step was to assess the methodological quality of the studies using the JBI Checklist for RCT. The search identified 357 studies with only 23 that going through full-text analysis, resulting in 14 articles included in the review. In total, 19 different implant brands were used in 12 different countries. Dental implant macrodesigns were divided into collar design, implant shape, thread geometry, and platform design. The macrodesign features of the implant were mostly developed in the variation of thread geometry and collar design.

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fixtures play an important role within many manufacturing processes. They accurately locate and secure a work piece during machining such that the part can be manufactured to design specifications. Thus fixtures have a direct effect upon machining quality, productivity, and the cost of products. This report represents design and development of hydraulic fixture for real industrial component. The components are ALUMINIUM BRONZE CASTING PRODUCTS which are used in the electric machinery. The operations to be performed on castings are drilling, reaming & tapping on VMC (vertical machining center). The aim of this project is to design & develop a hydraulic fixture to save time for loading and unloading of component. The evaluated fixture uses hydraulic link clamp cylinder for holding the work piece driven by hydraulic power pack. Thus the fixture achieves automatic and simultaneous clamping of work pieces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, numerous papers have been conducted to study the fracture mechanism of adhesively bonded joints in mixed mode I + II fracture. Nevertheless, the lack of an efficient fixture to capture mixed mode I + III fracture is seen in these studies. The first aim of this paper is representing a fixture that provides pure fracture modes I and III and different combinations of these modes. In the next parts of the paper, this testing configuration has been used to evaluate the accuracy of the cohesive zone modeling (CZM) in predicting the mixed mode I + III fracture at the adhesively bonded structures. A series of fracture tests and finite element simulations have been conducted on the adhesively bonded double cantilever beam specimens using the suggested fixture to determine the cohesive laws of the Araldite 2015 adhesive under mixed mode I + III loading situation. The cohesive laws have been calculated through a direct method from the experimental examinations and implemented in the FEM simulations of the tests. Eventually, the comparison between force-crack opening displacement curves resulting from the experimental tests and the numerical simulations in various combinations of the modes I and III loading states demonstrate the accuracy of the cohesive model in these loading conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machining of large scale thin-walled workpieces pose high requirements for fixturing because of large stiffness changes due to material removal. Automatically reconfigurable fixtures that allow in-process reconfiguration are a promising approach. In this paper, an efficient approach based on feature analysis is proposed for fixture reconfiguration planning. For this, material removal is simulated. At discrete points in time, feature analysis is performed and an approximated local stiffness map is calculated with weight functions derived from the features' parameterizations. Viable fixture configurations are then identified through root finding and validated through simulation in Ansys and experimentally with a fixture jig. In both validations, workpiece deformation for drilling operations could be reduced to an acceptable level enabling the implementation's future use in industrial application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a work undertaken in a pipe line manufacturing company which welds (butt joints) different diameter of pipes which are used for manufacturing of boiler. In order to weld two separate pipes, initially both of them has to be aligned and dimensionally checked to reproduce the data in the Engineering drawing. It takes up a lots of time and man power. And also, to make sure that the pipes do not lose its orientation, after the aligning bridge pieces are tag welded with the pipes to arrest all the degrees of freedom of the pipes and thereby immobilizing it. Our project gives the alternative for welding of bridge pieces in pipes for butt joints. By implementing the suggestion of carrying out the process by using fixture, we can reduce the total welding and fit-up time to 75% of the actual time. It also neglect other major problems such as, welding of brittle materials like P91, unnecessary reworks, human efforts, reduction of defects on parent material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design engineers are required to deliver design solutions by a fixed deadline. Increasing demand for shortening lead time limits the exploratory and creative freedom of the designer. This paper proposes an automated design system that can substitute part of the repetitive and standardized tasks in the design process, increasing efficiency and shifting the design engineer's efforts to creative work. Computer Aided Welding Fixture Design is an engineering domain increasingly being pressed for shortening lead time. Welding Fixture Designs are multi-part structures that secure an assembly product during a welding process. The compact and complex assembly product to be fixed and welded presents a configuration and geometric challenge for the fixture regarding sequence, collisions, tolerances, welding path, human interaction, etc. This paper presents the welding fixture design problem in its general form. To describe the freedom of automation, the paper introduces the term decision space as the subset of a design space feasible by automation. Depending on the desired outcome, the decision space can be exploited through various strategies and automation approaches. This paper presents one of these approaches by implementing an evolutionary algorithm to the parametric fixture design problem of the use case. The results show reduced engineering efforts and the potential for expanding the exploratory spectrum of design proposals during conceptualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implant is a material used in replacing missing teeth. The osseointegration process of dental implants will be affected by the macrodesign of the fixtures. This study aimed to review the dental implant macrodesign in the past 10 years. This study was conducted in a systematic review method using two electronic databases (PUBMED and Science Direct). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the last 10 years were used for this review. All the search results were filtered using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses and should fulfill some predefined inclusion criteria. The last step was to assess the methodological quality of the studies using the JBI Checklist for RCT. The search identified 357 studies with only 23 that going through full-text analysis, resulting in 14 articles included in the review. In total, 19 different implant brands were used in 12 different countries. Dental implant macrodesigns were divided into collar design, implant shape, thread geometry, and platform design. The macrodesign features of the implant were mostly developed in the variation of thread geometry and collar design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study established an error model based on the normal vector of the machining surface to optimize the structure design of a special fixture for the ultra-precision process of single-crystal germanium two-dimensional drum. Aiming to analyze and reduce the angle error of the drum machining surface, the model includes 10 error items affecting the fixture's accuracy, such as bearing error and encoder error. It can analyze the repeated positioning error of the fixture and intuitively predict the angle error of the machining surface of the drum. According to existing fixture error data, we used the Monte Carlo method to predict the fixture's repeated positioning error and related angle errors. We conducted the verification by measuring the repeated positioning accuracy of the fixture and the angle error of the drum processing surfaces, which have machining on the fixture. The results show that the difference between the actual measurement results and the predicted results is 32″. The predicted angle error of the drum processing surfaces is consistent with the actual measurement. According to the sensitivity analysis of each error factor and error component, the error factors influence the fixture error and the angle error of the drum processing surfaces. Finally, we put forward the optimal design scheme of the fixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce vibration during machining and to avoid re-manufacture or scrap parts, two main methods have been proposed, vibration damping and absorption. In this paper, a novel synergistic integration between both techniques using pillar elements known as flexures (acting as absorbers) and a flexible pneumatic expandable diaphragm (acting as a damper) is presented. Four setups have been compared: the proposed Hybrid Fixture, a traditional solid vice, a flexures fixture, and an expandable diaphragm-only clamp. The Hybrid Fixture was able to reduce the workpiece vibration by 58% and the surface waviness by 74.1% when compared with the traditional solid fixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cranial implants are used to secure intracranial structures, reconstruct the skull contour, normalise cerebral haemodynamic and repair cranial defects. Larger bone defects require intervention for repair from an implant made from autologous bone or other material. To repair such defects using implants, materials necessitate biocompatibility with the natural bone. Patient-specific implants are designed to repair specific cranial defects following standard procedures for implant design, fabrication and cranioplasty. Autologous bone, bone cement comprising hydroxyapatite, polymethyl methacrylate, medical-grade titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and polyether-ether-ketone, are widely used to fabricate patient-specific implant for repairing different types of bone defects. To optimize a patient-specific implant for shape, size and weight, it is essential to design the implant using 3D modelling and fabrication techniques. Effective attachment of an implant material with a defective skull is also influenced by the joints and fixture arrangements at the interface, these fixtures can be of various types, and materials have different joining procedures. In this study, a comparative analysis of different cranial implant materials (autologous bone, PMMA, polyether-ether-ketone and Ti-6Al-4V) attached to a defective skull with Ti-6Al-4V and polyether-ether-ketone fixture plates has been performed, using finite element analysis. Two types of fixture designs were used as square 'X' and linear shapes, which were fixed along with the interface between the implant and the skull. Four fixture plates were fixed symmetrically along the boundary to maximising stability. The findings suggested that all the implant materials were able to sustain extreme boundary conditions such as external loads of 1780 N and intracranial pressure of 15 mmHg without failures. Polyether-ether-ketone implants exhibited 13.5–35% lower von Mises stresses in comparison to autologous bone implants and the square 'X' fixture design provided higher stress-relieving results in comparison to Linear fixtures by nearly 18.4% for Ti-6Al-4V fixture material and 10.9% for polyether-ether-ketone fixture material, thereby, encouraging polyether-ether-ketone as an alternative to conventional cranial implant and fixture materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work carried out was on a special purpose grinding CNC machine-Meccanodora Cimat C-661, a 3axis PCbased CNC controller having maximum speed of 40,000 RPM. When the project to modify the CIMA TC-661ID grinder CNC machine tool was proposed, the machine tool, process and modification plan were studied. The company's requirement was to grind the inner surface of the rotary sleeve valve in the ID grinder to a very high surface finish (0.5 - 0.6 Microns) and high precision, so a new ID grinder CNC was needed. As the new machine would be too expensive, the company considered modifying the existing ID grinding C-661CNC to a general-purpose ID grinding CNC, which makes it cost-effective and suitable for grinding rotary sleeve valves and othercylindricalparts. A special fixture design was required for holding the sleeve valve that would serve the requirement. Therefore, a collet type of fixture was designed which will self-lock the sleeve valve with the existing setup. The designed automatic clamping system with collet fixture reduced human intervention which were often prone to errors. Therefore, considering all the design aspect, the special purpose magnetic type of fixture made up of chrome vanadium alloy spring steel 0.50%C was replaced with a collet type of fixture. This in turn has found to reduce the total costfornewmachine providingmaximum benefitsintermsof company and customer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of fixture and team characteristics on match outcome in elite Australian football were quantified using data accessed at AFLtables.com for 5109 matches for seasons 2000 to 2013. Aspects of each match included number of days' break between matches (≤7 d vs ≥8 d), location (home vs away), travel status (travel vs no travel), and differences between opposing teams' mean age, body mass, and height (expressed as quintiles). A logistic-regression version of the generalized mixed linear model estimated each effect, which was assessed with magnitude-based inference using 1 extra win or loss in every 10 matches as the smallest important change. For every 10 matches played, the effects were days' break, 0.1 ± 0.3 (90% CL) wins; playing away, 1.5 ± 0.6 losses; traveling, 0.7 ± 0.6 losses; and being in the oldest, heaviest, or shortest, quintile, 1.9 ± 0.4, 1.3 ± 0.4, and 0.4 ± 0.4 wins, respectively. The effects of age and body-mass difference were not reduced substantially when adjusted for each other. All effects were clear, mostly at the 99% level. The effects of playing away, travel, and age difference were not unexpected, but the trivial effect of days' break and the advantage of a heavier team will challenge current notions about balancing training with recovery and about team selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research offering a comprehensive overview of digitalisation in maritime transport is limited. In this paper, the authors use several cases to examine digitalisation's role in the chartering business. The applications of innovative digitalisation to enhance efficiency in the shipping business are presented analytically. Special emphasis is given to the role of the e-bill of lading in the bulk and liner markets. The advantages, disadvantages and legal barriers of the e-bill of lading are examined thoroughly for both markets (bulk and liner markets). The research follows a qualitative case study approach. It shows that although digital technologies offer important advantages in the chartering business, many legal barriers still need to be overcome. The findings fill the gap in the literature and assist maritime professionals and shipping companies in understanding the necessity of digitalisation in chartering business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite stiffened panels have been applied to the fuselage and wing structures of large aircraft. The shear buckling characteristics of the stiffened panel structures were investigated using test and finite element methods. The buckling load and failure load of stiffened panel structure are obtained by shear test. The results show that when the structure reaches the buckling state, it will not lose its bearing capacity immediately, and the buckling load accounts for 81.8% of the failure load. Comparing the shear buckling loads with and without fixture, it can be seen that fixture have a great influence on the buckling stability of stiffened panels, and ignoring fixture may lead to serious errors in simulation. At the same time, the difference of boundary conditions may change the buckling stability of the structure, and the strength of the fixture may affect the force transmission path of the structure. Appropriate boundary conditions can greatly improve the stability of the structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction, processing, biomedical instruments, electronics, automobiles, and aerospace widely use thin-wall parts. Mostly, these thinwalled parts are machined using either a peripheral milling machine or an end milling machine with the help of fixtures. In this study, three different material thin-walled parts (i.e., Inconel 718, AISI 316L, and Al 6061) are machined in end milling using a newly designed fixture with cylindrical heads, and the surface roughness and deformation with different machining parameters are compared. The optimum values of the machining parameters feed, speed, and depth of cut have been found to improve the surface roughness of thin-walled plates by arresting the deformation using the proposed fixture. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results show that the speed is the most influential parameter in the case of displacement for AISI 716L and Al 6061, feed is the most influential parameter in the case of surface roughness for Inconel 718 and AISI 716L, and speed is the most influential parameter in the case of displacement and surface roughness for Al 6061. The use of fixtures provides a significant reduction in the deformation and surface roughness during the machining in end milling machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the overall processing of thin-walled parts (TWPs), the guaranteed capability of the machining process and quality is determined by fixtures. Therefore, reliable fixtures suitable for the structure and machining process of TWP are essential. In this review, the key role of fixtures in the manufacturing system is initially discussed. The main problems in machining and workholding due to the characteristics of TWP are then analyzed in detail. Afterward, the definition of TWP fixtures is reinterpreted from narrow and broad perspectives. Fixture functions corresponding to the issues of machining and workholding are then clearly stated. Fixture categories are classified systematically according to previous research achievements, and the operation mode, functional characteristics, and structure of each fixture are comprehensively described. The function and execution mode of TWP fixtures are then systematically summarized and analyzed, and the functions of various TWP fixtures are evaluated. Some directions for future research on TWP fixtures technology are also proposed. The main purpose of this review is to provide some reference and guidance for scholars to examine TWP fixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop a new type of bionic curved sandwich plate, it is necessary to first develop experimental methods and evaluation criteria for curved plates. Thus, this paper focuses on an aluminum cylindrical honeycomb plate and proposes two types of clamping methods for radial compression tests. Using finite element simulation, radial compression tests were carried out, and the mechanical characteristics under different clamping methods were studied. The results showed that (1) the two types of clamping methods have significant effects on the radial compression performance, and each has its own characteristics. The influence mechanism was explored from the perspective of the deformation shape of the sample and the sliding direction of the foot. (2) Clamping methods were given with regard to different experimental purposes or engineering application objects (backgrounds), and three clamping methods that are easy to prepare and have great universality were also presented. This research provides an important theoretical basis for the development of curved plates, radial compression test methods for curved plates and the formulation of corresponding test standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the fixtures with movably mounted turning and drilling cutting tools. The fixtures were developed on the principle of oscillating tooltip similar to the principle of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining process. However, presented fixtures do not need an electricity source and utilize mainly forced and self-excited oscillations. In general, the tool vibrations during the cutting process are recognized as a negative phenomenon as it causes a shortening of the tool life and worsens the roughness of the machined surfaces. However, a deeper understanding of the cutting process proposes possible positive effects of tool vibration in terms of chip shapes, flank wear, chip volume coefficient, and quality of the machined surface. Experimentally obtained dependence of mentioned quantities is provided in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a challenge to handle the metal fixture used for cloth clamping in a computerized embroidery machine because of its fixed stiffness. Herein, a prototype that acts as a fixture to provide variable stiffness property is explored by discussing the potential of a thermal-sensitive epoxy resin-based shape memory polymer (SMP). The general model of fixture design is obtained after analyzing the working condition of the metal fixture. The structure of the SMP fixture is designed by discussing the material properties and working requirements of SMP, and a theoretical model is established to deduce the relationship between thickness and stiffness of the fixture. Six SMP fixtures that memorized clamping and opening state were manufactured with different proportions of raw materials. The results show that the designed fixtures have a lighter weight but higher clamping force than the metal fixture at room temperature (RT). It is the first work that demonstrates the potential of the SMP fixture to replace the metal fixture in the computerized embroidery machine and provides inspiration for product design with variable stiffness characteristic in engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]