Search

Introduction: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) interpretation plays an indispensable role in emergency medicine and the care of intensive care patients, yet it remains a challenging task. Although several graphical methods exist for ABG interpretation, they are not commonly used at the bedside. The existing graphs are complicated, difficult to understand, and unable to diagnose many disorders. In previous research articles, the current author developed and published a four-quadrant graphical tool for ABG interpretation. The tool incorporates compensation rules, which are crucial for identifying changes resulting from compensations or the presence of a second primary acid-base disorder. Aim: To develop a method for applying compensation rules in a four-quadrant graphical tool to interpret ABG reports for complex acid-base disorders in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from November 2022 to April 2023. A total of 232 ABG samples were utilised, and the values of pH, pCO2, HCO3, Standard HCO3, and Standard Base Excess (SBE) were recorded. These values were classified according to different acid-base disorders. Three derived ratios were calculated using the values of pCO2, bicarbonate, and standard bicarbonate, as these ratios change in various acid-base disorders and provide clues for differentiating between different acid-base disturbances. A four-quadrant graph method was constructed using the values of SBE, pCO2, and these ratios. Subsequently, compensation rules were applied to this graph method. Results: The four-quadrant method facilitated the easy identification of different acid-base disorders, and the application of compensation rules further simplified the identification of mixed or compensatory acid-base disorders. Conclusion: The application of compensation rules in this four-quadrant graphical tool for ABG interpretation distinguishes this tool as a unique method among existing approaches. This tool offers an optimal and simplified approach for interpreting ABG results for complex acid-base disturbances, making it highly suitable for clinical practice at the bedside.

The detection, localization, and interpretation of defects in textured surfaces pose challenges for automatic visual inspection. Both fully-supervised and weakly-supervised approaches have been proposed, where fully-supervised methods yield good results but require complex region proposal processes and labeled datasets, whereas with weakly-supervised methods, inexact labels that are less informative than fully labeled data are available. This paper introduces an alternative inexactly supervised methodology that performs defect detection and localization, along with a novel graphical interpretation of detected defects in textured surface images using image-level labels, without relying on region proposal algorithms or explicit defect annotations. The methodology employs block decomposition and bags as a representation using multiple instance learning, where feature vectors are generated from a convolutional neural network with transfer learning. Dissimilarities between bags are computed and the class label assignment is performed using a variant of the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. A baseline methodology using multiple instance learning and low-level feature extraction is also considered as a reference for comparison. The contribution of this study consists in providing a simple but powerful methodology in a way that graphically interpretable detection and localization results are obtained, enhancing the understanding of the detection outcomes. The proposed methodology is extensively evaluated using three datasets, one real and two synthetic, reporting various performance metrics and examples of localization and interpretation results. Average accuracies of 0.9722 ± 0.0058 and 0.9817 ± 0.0099 on synthetic datasets and a series of visualizations of the defect detection and localization results demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposal.

In the current article, we aim to study in detail a novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV or COVID‐19) mathematical model for different aspects under Caputo fractional derivative. First, from analysis point of view, existence is necessary to be investigated for any applied problem. Therefore, we used fixed point theorem's due to Banach's and Schaefer's to establish some sufficient results regarding existence and uniqueness of the solution to the proposed model. On the other hand, stability is important in respect of approximate solution, so we have developed condition sufficient for the stability of Ulam–Hyers and their different types for the considered system. In addition, the model has also been considered for semianalytical solution via Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM). On Matlab, by taking some real data about Pakistan, we graph the obtained results. In the last of the manuscript, a detail discussion and brief conclusion are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpreting statistical graphs and making inferences based on the graphs are a precursor for formal statistical inferences. To support student inferences, both teachers and future teachers should have adequate knowledge regarding students’ thinking on graphs as well as their potential misinterpretations and difficulties in interpreting graphs. In this qualitative case study, I examined a preservice middle school mathematics teacher’s knowledge of student thinking about interpretation of line graphs. During her practicum course, preservice teacher planned a lesson to teach creating and interpreting line graphs. I first interviewed with her on the lesson plan and then observed her teaching the subject. The data indicated that the preservice mathematics teacher’s actions regarding knowledge of student thinking before and during the lesson supported the students in interpreting graphs beyond reading. Preservice and in-service teachers with more knowledge of student thinking would provide teaching practices to support students’ learning of statistical graphs. I thus suggest that a curriculum may be designed for improving preservice mathematics teachers’ knowledge of student thinking about statistical concepts and informal statistical inferences.

The article considers the challenge of designing sandwich floor panels made of high-strength composites considering stiffness constraints. A dimensionless criterion is proposed for assessing the stiffness of floor panels. A new constraint equation determines an interrelation between geometrical parameters of composite constructions and a given criterion. A demo example and the results of designing a typical floor panel using a high-strength composite material are presented. The mass of a square meter of the structure is considered as an objective function, and the thickness of the skin and the height of the honeycomb core of a sandwich construction are considered as design variables. In order to find the optimal ratio of design variables, a graphical interpretation of the design problem is used considering strength and stiffness constraints in the design space. It is noted that the presence of restrictions on a given value of the permissible relative deflection leads to an increase in the required height of the honeycomb filler with an insignificant consumption of additional mass of the sandwich construction.

Interpreting statistical graphs and making inferences based on the graphs are a precursor for formal statistical inferences. To support student inferences, both teachers and future teachers should have adequate knowledge regarding students' thinking on graphs as well as their potential misinterpretations and difficulties in interpreting graphs. In this qualitative case study, I examined a preservice middle school mathematics teacher's knowledge of student thinking about interpretation of line graphs. During her practicum course, preservice teacher planned a lesson to teach creating and interpreting line graphs. I first interviewed with her on the lesson plan and then observed her teaching the subject. The data indicated that the preservice mathematics teacher's actions regarding knowledge of student thinking before and during the lesson supported the students in interpreting graphs beyond reading. Preservice and in-service teachers with more knowledge of student thinking would provide teaching practices to support students' learning of statistical graphs. I thus suggest that a curriculum may be designed for improving preservice mathematics teachers' knowledge of student thinking about statistical concepts and informal statistical inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Formación Universitaria is the property of Centro de Informacion Tecnologica (CIT) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, an unambiguous graphical interpretation of fully fuzzy linear equation in two variables where all the parameters are symmetric triangular fuzzy number (STFN) is presented. Several new terminologies such as disassembled fuzzy straight line and assembled fuzzy straight line are proposed and theorems concerning those are established. This interpretation is extended to $$2\times 2$$ fully fuzzy linear system (FFLS) with STFN which enables to comment on the existence of solution of the system. Then an application of FFLS is focused in a real-life circuit analysis problem where the solving procedure using available method in the literature leads to weak solution. Why this happens is explained using the proposed geometrical interpretation. Finally, a modification to the definition of TFN is proposed to manage the situation easily where weak solution arises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the stability analysis of non‐linear active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for single‐input–single‐output systems. Firstly, a non‐linear ADRC system for a linear plant is transformed into a Lurie system. Secondly, two extended circle criteria are obtained, and two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the absolute stability analysis, including both stable and unstable linear plants. Thirdly, local asymptotic stability of a non‐linear ADRC system for a non‐linear plant is also performed through linearisation by Taylor expansion. Finally, a comparison with the existed processing methods is further made, including the describing function method and time domain stability analysis method. It can be concluded that the circle criterion method is more convenient and practical for its frequency domain and graphical interpretation. The circle criterion method can also be extended to the stability analysis of a control system which applies linear ADRC to a plant with one non‐linear term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides guidelines and illustrates practical steps necessary for an analysis of results from the multinomial logit model (MLM). The MLM is a popular model in the strategy literature because it allows researchers to examine strategic choices with multiple outcomes. However, there seem to be systematic issues with regard to how researchers interpret their results when using the MLM. In this study, I present a set of guidelines critical to analyzing and interpreting results from the MLM. The procedure involves intuitive graphical representations of predicted probabilities and marginal effects suitable for both interpretation and communication of results. The practical steps are illustrated through an application of the MLM to the choice of foreign market entry mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tony Watson developed an approach of ‘intellectual craftsmanship’ within management research and writing, and appealed for the hand behind the text to be made visible. This paper considers the tensions apparent between the utility of writing and the positionality of the researcher. I explore the tensions, limitations and formational development evident within this relationship through a reflection upon an Action Research Project co-constructed within a third sector faith-based organisation. The ‘hand behind the text’ is not static, and the positionalities of researcher and organisational role are in constant conversation. Such conversation is frequently internal and at a liminal level, with the researcher between two thresholds of understanding. The level of critical reflexivity afforded within this space is to forces that are both liberating and constraining. The liminal space inhabited by the researcher is the location for the crafting of the research project, the formation of the writing and critical reflection. In this paper, I consider the opportunities and consequences of the researchers’ liminal location, and raise the possibility of ‘Attentiveness’ as a means of revealing issues of power, place and emotion within both researcher and the organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We perceive a need for more complete interpretation of regression models published in the wildlife literature to minimize the appearance of poor models and to maximize the extraction of information from good models. Accordingly, we offer this primer on interpretation of parameters in single- and multi-variable regression models. Using examples from the wildlife literature, we illustrate how to interpret linear zero-intercept, simple linear, semi-log, log-log, and polynomial models based on intercepts, coefficients, and shapes of relationships. We show how intercepts and coefficients have biological and management interpretations. We examine multiple linear regression models and show how to use the signs (+, -) of coefficients to assess the merit and meaning of a derived model. We discuss 3 methods of viewing the output of 3-dimensional models (y, x1, x2) in 2-dimensional space (sheet of paper) and illustrate graphical model interpretation with a 4-dimensional logistic regression model. Statistical significance or Akaike best-ness does not prevent the appearance of implausible regression models. We recommend that members of the peer review process be sensitive to full interpretation of regression models to forestall bad models and maximize information retrieval from good models [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current article, we aim to study in detail a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or COVID-19) mathematical model for different aspects under Caputo fractional derivative. First, from analysis point of view, existence is necessary to be investigated for any applied problem. Therefore, we used fixed point theorem's due to Banach's and Schaefer's to establish some sufficient results regarding existence and uniqueness of the solution to the proposed model. On the other hand, stability is important in respect of approximate solution, so we have developed condition sufficient for the stability of Ulam-Hyers and their different types for the considered system. In addition, the model has also been considered for semianalytical solution via Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM). On Matlab, by taking some real data about Pakistan, we graph the obtained results. In the last of the manuscript, a detail discussion and brief conclusion are provided., Competing Interests: There exists no competing interest regarding this research work., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

The inequality Tmin/T0 les 4N for any noisy linear two-port network is completely demonstrated for the first time. A graphical interpretation to link the Lange invariant N to the minimum noise performance Tmin or Fmin is also presented. A new term DeltaN is defined and demonstrated to be invariant to lossless transformations. Its sign is important for the network to contribute as little noise as possible. Finally, conditions required for a two-port's noise figure to be either minimum or maximum are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]