Search

Abstract This research introduces a Computer-Aided Diagnosis-system designed aimed at automated detections & classification of tomato leaf diseases, combining traditional handcrafted features with advanced deep learning techniques. The system’s process encompasses preprocessing, feature extraction, feature fusion, and classification. It utilizes enhancement filters and segmentation algorithms to isolate with Regions-of-Interests (ROI) in images tomato leaves. These features based arranged in ABCD rule (Asymmetry, Borders, Colors, and Diameter) are integrated with outputs from a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) pretrained on ImageNet. To address data imbalance, we introduced a novel evaluation method that has shown to improve classification accuracy by 15% compared to traditional methods, achieving an overall accuracy rate of 92% in field tests. By merging classical feature engineering with modern machine learning techniques under mutual information-based feature fusion, our system sets a new standard for precision in agricultural diagnostics. Specific performance metrics showcasing the effectiveness of our approach in automated detection and classifying of tomato leaf disease.

This research introduces a Computer-Aided Diagnosis-system designed aimed at automated detections & classification of tomato leaf diseases, combining traditional handcrafted features with advanced deep learning techniques. The system's process encompasses preprocessing, feature extraction, feature fusion, and classification. It utilizes enhancement filters and segmentation algorithms to isolate with Regions-of-Interests (ROI) in images tomato leaves. These features based arranged in ABCD rule (Asymmetry, Borders, Colors, and Diameter) are integrated with outputs from a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) pretrained on ImageNet. To address data imbalance, we introduced a novel evaluation method that has shown to improve classification accuracy by 15% compared to traditional methods, achieving an overall accuracy rate of 92% in field tests. By merging classical feature engineering with modern machine learning techniques under mutual information-based feature fusion, our system sets a new standard for precision in agricultural diagnostics. Specific performance metrics showcasing the effectiveness of our approach in automated detection and classifying of tomato leaf disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Museologia e Patrimônio is the property of Museologia e Patrimonio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mitra yang dilibatkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah kelompok UKM souvenir dan handcraft. Selama ini mereka bekerja dengan sistem manual membuat kerajinan dengan menggunakan tangan sehingga tingkat akurasi tidak terlalu tinggi. Jumlah produk yang dihasilkan juga tidak terlalu banyak Selain itu, Mitra juga kurang memanfaatkan teknologi dalam proses manajemen serta penjualan yang masih mengandalkan peralatan sederhana. Hal ini berdampak pada hasil penjualan yang kurang maksimal. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Mitra dalam menggunakan teknologi dan kemampuan manajemen serta peningkatan hasil produksi. Kegiatan ini dimulai dari pelatihan menggunakan teknologi 3D printing untuk membuat spouvenir, kemudian dilanjut dengan pelatihan manajemen produksi keuangan dan pemasaran. Setiap proses yang dilalui menggunakan teknologi, setelah seluruh pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan selanjutnya Mitra didampingi untuk mengetahui hal-hal yang belum dipahami dengan benar oleh Mitra. Setelah Mitra mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan ini terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan proses produksi manajemen hingga hasil pemasaran dari Mitra dari sebelum dilakukan pendampingan. Sesimpulan dari kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan ini adalah proses produksi manajemen dan pemasaran UMKM handcraft dan souvenir mengalami peningkatan setelah memanfaatkan teknologi modern seperti 3D printing. Selain itu daya saing dari Mitra juga mengalami peningkatan.

In contrast to many other Russian authors of his time, Nikolai Leskov makes a point of investigating economic questions not only in his journalism articles, but also in his literary works. He focuses on social groups that earn their living through work, in particular merchants and craftsmen. Among these are bridge builders and icon painters, as in Zapechatlennyi angel. The skilled craftsmanship of the painters is especially emphasised in the angel story, which demonstrates, above all, what Leskov considers to be good work: his expectations include mastery of the material, a good cause for the work, and its use for a social collective. Adequate pay is valued, but profit is not the objective. With these demands, Leskov undermines not only the capitalist growth imperative, but also the image of a Russian tendency towards idleness. In the end we are, as in all of Leskov's economic stories, referred to the merits of literary craftsmanship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artvin Coruh University International Journal of Social Sciences (ACUSBD) is the property of Artvin Coruh University International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Art-E is the property of Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Fine Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Home-based working is a type of working that is increasing day by day among women, where the working area is home and handcraft is produced. Home-based working can be done independently, on order, and dependently. Self-employed women, that is, women doing home-based work independently, are included in the scope of this study. The qualitative method was used in the research. The data of the research were obtained through in-depth interviews with 17 women working in the Handicraft Market affiliated to Denizli City Council, and the data were analyzed with the descriptive analysis method, which is used in the analysis of qualitative data. This study aims to reveal the social characteristics, working life, attitudes towards work, problems arising from home-based working, and leisure time perceptions of women who work from home independently. In the study, it was revealed that informal employment and working without social security are widespread among women working from home independently, that they work without legal regulations, and that they get irregular income from home-based work. However, despite all these negativities, it was concluded that home-based working has positive aspects such as being a socialization tool for women in Denizli Handcraft Market, providing women with an income, enabling them to see themselves as employees, increasing their self-confidence and participation in family decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study that is prepared with the aim of examining, emerging and documenting the Ankara coppersmith craft having an important role in our country in terms of culturally and the people making artifacts from copper is catered for not forgetting Ankara coppersmith craft in addition to bring to light the unknown related to the this issue, document this new information and publicize it. The target population of this descriptive survey model is composed of the people making artifacts from copper in Ankara and copper products; the sample group of the is composed of 20 people making artifacts from copper in Ankara and 15 copper products. For this study, the characteristics of people whose jobs are coppersmith, and their products in Ankara have been obtained through survey questions by interviewing with each person. The raw materials, devices, technique, size, design, the range and qualification of the products , observation and examination being made on the sample products that are used in producing of the copper are ascertained. According to findings obtained from the research, in Ankara, the coppersmith is one of the main handcrafts and there are ones available who live off this art. In copper products, the technique of “forging” is used extremely during structural forming. However, in superficial forming, the technique of “scraping” is generally used. Copper products in Ankara are produced as usage products (such as kitchen, bath etc.) and decorative products (such as ornament, touristic etc.). Like in many branches of handcrafts, the coppersmith of Ankara has some problems, too. It is thought that it will provide benefits in terms of economic situation if the coppersmiths which are one of the traditional culture prosperities is utilized in tourism.

Spurred by the rising consciousness among a niche consumer segment for eco-credentials, khadi denim is a recent development in India. Born of two fabrics of distinct origin, it is a spin-off from conventional denim. Khadi, a homespun and handwoven fabric was promoted by Mahatma Gandhi as a symbol of self-rule and continues to be an enduring legacy for India. The juxtaposition of khadi – an expression of the pre-independent Indian national identity, with denim – a symbol of the American entrepreneurial spirit, holds dual significance. Both fabrics have transformed from their original avatars – denim from its working-class origins into a global symbol of youth, and khadi from its deeply entrenched image as a fabric associated with politicians. The integration of khadi with denim is an example of fusion, adaptation, and increased value where design innovation leads to a redefined Indian sartorial identity. The discussion presented here about khadi denim is the outcome of research initiatives of a textile manufacturer to develop an authentic, indigenous, and differentiated denim fabric, an international retail brand, and of a fashion designer committed to sustainable, handmade production processes. The strategic decisions to frame the challenges of making and positioning khadi denim hold embedded emotional value and appeal for the discerning Indian consumer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economía Creativa is the property of Centro de Diseno y Comunicacion, S.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mexican post-revolutionary cultural institutions excelled at implementing Mexican art and popular arts as key elements in cultural diplomacy. However, while there is abundant research regarding these arts and their inclusion in international exhibitions during the first part of the twentieth century, there is little research on their role in international cultural diplomacy during the second half of that century. In the first part of this article I present a historiographical appraisal of the 1968 Mexican Cultural Olympiad and the resolutions of the "First Latin American Seminar on Popular Arts and Crafts" sponsored by UNESCO in Mexico City in 1965. In the second, I examine the case of U.S. participation in the "Exposición Internacional de Artesanías Populares" (International Exhibition of Popular Arts), which was part of the 1968 Cultural Olympiad's programme – largely neglected by the historiography of the XIX Olympics – to explain how popular arts were made to perform as agents of cultural diplomacy in Mexico and the U.S. during the Cold War. In addition, I argue that U.S. participation in this exhibition also reveals negotiations and redefinitions of the concepts of handcraft and arte popular, and the economic and social situation of their makers in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this text is to think about how the handmade presents itself in the language of a tridimensional storytelling tapestry created and sewn into books--a technique and enterprise for the promotion of reading that originated on France and has developed in Brazil as of 1997--thinking over its survival in technological and accelerated times. For a better study of such the question, an experiment was made in the specific context of the "Solar Meninos de Luz" (a philanthropic educational institution) with children between 9 and 11 years old. The objective was to observe how the children would appropriate the given materials and the language of the story through elaborating on the given, original narrative. Our research led to the formulation of the methodological concept of research-atelier, and the hand-crafted practice of creating and sewing tapestry as a vehicle for the identity-development of the self-storyteller. It also led to reflection on how children relate to dimensions of the handmade through the experience of storytelling with tapestry. The research suggests specific practical applications, and helps us in thinking about the exercise of expression, the elaboration of speech/narrative, and the process of communication in the educational medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current article is to investigate the role played by sociomateriality and power relations in action networks focused on organizing craftsmanship processes, based on the Certeaunian perspective. It addresses the way power is articulated in studies about craftsmanship and analyzes power relations in the sociomateriality of craftsmanship-practice organization. Moreover, it articulates the approach of action networks and Certeaunian contributions to power relations in the daily life of individuals in order to investigate the case of filezeiras (artisans from Maceió County/AL). Data were collected through interviews, participant observation and shadowing techniques, as well as subjected to Content Analysis, based on the thematic modality. Craftsmanship sociomateriality involved transgressions to places of established power or convergences towards these places. Finally, as non-human object, craftsmanship is a frontier object linking different domains, whereas as practice, it is enabled by action networks in these domains, where actions are connected through power relations. Conflicts and disagreements are seen in power relations, as well as connections. This malleability of power relations allows better understanding the common production of craftsmen in daily conflicts, disaggregations and connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both economic and environmental aspects significantly influence the design process since the early phases of preliminary design. The total Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the End of Life (EoL) of products have to be defined in the early design phases too but, for industrial products that are not feasible to automatic production, they are hard issues. However, the EoL of products can be assessed by evaluating the disassembly of joints assembling the product, even when the production process is subject to an important contribute of workmanship. In this paper, a useful method is proposed to analyze the disassembly plant of products, in order to optimize the design process in the early preliminary phases. The method quantitatively evaluates a Disassembly Index that describes the attitude of a product to be disassembled. A case study describes the disassembly attitude of structural subassemblies of a sailboat. In order to test the applicability of the model described to both manual and automated disassembly, a further application of the method is proposed on a Computer CPU. As result, the model demonstrated good sensitiveness to the testing of products quite different for dimensions, number of components, manufacturing processes and, in all cases, it quantified the disassembly easiness with good relevance.

In this paper, a new Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system for the detection and classification of dangerous skin lesions (melanoma type) is presented, through a fusion of handcraft features related to the medical algorithm ABCD rule (Asymmetry Borders-Colors-Dermatoscopic Structures) and deep learning features employing Mutual Information (MI) measurements. The steps of a CAD system can be summarized as preprocessing, feature extraction, feature fusion, and classification. During the preprocessing step, a lesion image is enhanced, filtered, and segmented, with the aim to obtain the Region of Interest (ROI); in the next step, the feature extraction is performed. Handcraft features such as shape, color, and texture are used as the representation of the ABCD rule, and deep learning features are extracted using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture, which is pre-trained on Imagenet (an ILSVRC Imagenet task). MI measurement is used as a fusion rule, gathering the most important information from both types of features. Finally, at the Classification step, several methods are employed such as Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and Relevant Vector Machines (RVMs). The designed framework was tested using the ISIC 2018 public dataset. The proposed framework appears to demonstrate an improved performance in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods in terms of the accuracy, specificity, and sensibility obtained in the training and test stages. Additionally, we propose and justify a novel procedure that should be used in adjusting the evaluation metrics for imbalanced datasets that are common for different kinds of skin lesions.

Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademik Sanat is the property of Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Both economic and environmental aspects significantly influence the design process since the early phases of preliminary design. The total Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the End of Life (EoL) of products have to be defined in the early design phases too but, for industrial products that are not feasible to automatic production, they are hard issues. However, the EoL of products can be assessed by evaluating the disassembly of joints assembling the product, even when the production process is subject to an important contribute of workmanship. In this paper, a useful method is proposed to analyze the disassembly plant of products, in order to optimize the design process in the early preliminary phases. The method quantitatively evaluates a Disassembly Index that describes the attitude of a product to be disassembled. A case study describes the disassembly attitude of structural subassemblies of a sailboat. In order to test the applicability of the model described to both manual and automated disassembly, a further application of the method is proposed on a Computer CPU. As result, the model demonstrated good sensitiveness to the testing of products quite different for dimensions, number of components, manufacturing processes and, in all cases, it quantified the disassembly easiness with good relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary men wear bowties as part of formal and casual attire. Since clothing is a form of personal expression, the purpose of this study was to explore the needs of current male consumers in regard to bowties using Lamb and Kallal's FEA model [Lamb, J. M., & Kallal, M. J. (1992). A conceptual framework for apparel design. Clothing and Textile Research Journal, 10, 42-47. doi:10.1177/0887302X9201000207] to consider the function, expressive qualities, and aesthetic needs for bowties. Six bowties were made and an online survey was conducted with 220 men to determine their needs and preferences. Overall, the men preferred the digital print bowties. The men referenced function, expressiveness, and aesthetics in their comments, suggesting that menswear requires more than just functional qualities. The findings of this project are important to the menswear industry because they explore the needs of today's male consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feretiko (Rize Fabric) has still been woven locally in Rize which is located in region of Black Sea. Feretiko is a kind of cloth which are woven on hand looms. Feretiko belongs to culture of Rize and it is known as "Rize Cloth" due to woven in region. Today, Rize Cloth (Feretiko) weaving, are shown considerable interest in Rize. Thanks to Geographical Indications this interests getting higher. Culture and handcrafts goes together, they improve and identity eachother. Today, Rize Fabric (Feretiko) weaving shows the cultural aspect of Rize province. In this research, Rize Cloth (Feretiko) weaving has been examined. In this respect, Feretiko's cultural side, importance of Geographical Indication, connection between handcraft and culture, present state, used motifs of the woven fabrics, composition and chracteristic of handling have been indentified by photos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crafters are reliant upon raw materials in order to create craft projects; however, there is little research focused on understanding how the characteristics of raw materials or the retail environment affect the consumption of crafters. The purpose of this research was to describe why crafters choose to consume from certain craft businesses and what characteristics of yarn affected the consumption of crafters. The levels of design as described by Donald Norman and principles of the slow fashion movement provided the theoretical framework for the study. Data were gathered using an online survey. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered. A total of 657 usable surveys were collected. Four themes emerged related to the characteristics of retail environments and raw materials, which influenced crafters to consume yarn: business factors, utilitarian requirements, visual/tactile requirements, and intangible requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over 2000 years the manual craft of papermaking has been practiced all over the world utilizing a variety of techniques. This review describes the evolution of hand papermaking and its cultural significance. Paper’s evolution has been shaped by the structure and chemical composition of the fibers. Almost every aspect of modern papermaking technology has been foreshadowed by traditional practices. Such practices were passed down for many generations within families of papermakers. The main sources of cellulosic fiber evolved as the ancient craft migrated from its birthplace in China to Korea and Japan, the Islamic world, and then to Europe and America. Though most paper made today comes from automated, continuous production systems, handmade paper has enjoyed a resurgence, both as a traditional craft and as an art-form. In addition, traditional papermaking methods can provide insights to help in modern applications involving cellulosic fibers.

This paper proposes a review of the various contributions of an « in situ analysis » upon the study of mosaics and architecture. They are helpfull to understand the story of the building and to distinguish workshops of mosaicists. They result from the association between mosaic specialists, archaeologists and restorers.

In this article we will try to examine, from the anthropological perspective, everything feminine is in the traditional Galician pottery beyond the stereotypes assigned. We are aware of the difficulties in applying the gender perspective to the field of traditional crafts beyond those related to the clothing. Our interest will focus on to find women at one activity who own tradition to set aside, at least in his speech, as a male labor camp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mola blouses, sewn and worn by Kuna Indian women living in Panama, display iconography from many sources and are subject to fashion trends. This study examines molas with iconography related to local, national, and international politics dating to the 1950s and 1960s that are found in museum and private collections. These mola designs suggest the wide political concerns of Kuna women from the time of universal suffrage in Panama, exercised from the 1948 election, until the early years of the military dictatorship that began in 1968. The motivation of Kuna women is explored in terms of their changing roles in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, and the political involvement of the Kuna people in Panamanian national politics. The purposeful promotion of political and social issues displayed on dress may be considered a direct form of activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Craft has been an important part of mail art practice throughout its relatively short history. While the theoretical underpinnings of the mail art network have been the focus of much of mail art literature due to the political context from which mail art emerged, craft remains almost entirely ignored. However, craft remains an important factor in the production of mail art works exchanged via the postal system, particularly as many contemporary mail artists have returned to a nostalgic handcrafted (i.e. objects made by hand or hand-drawn) way of working as part of a larger exploration into the ways in which communication systems frame our identity and social relationships. In comparing the work of these contemporary mail artists to some of mail art's earliest and well-known practitioners, craft emerges as a fundamental element in the development of mail art as an artistic genre. While the avant-garde aspects of mail art practice have shifted to reflect a dialog between old and new systems of communication, a hallmark of the current time period, a sustained interest in exploring how these systems frame our identity and relationships continues to unite mail artists across time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Kuna language the word mola is polysemous, with meanings which include cloth, a rectangular panel of appliqued cloth and a complete blouse. A pair of mola panels joined together with a yoke and sleeves form a mola blouse, thus the word mola means both part and whole of an item of clothing. Sewn and worn by Kuna women and girls, molas have become identified with Panama and mola panels have become the quintessential tourist souvenir. Parallels are made between the meaning and iconic role of the Kuna mola and art forms from other indigenous cultures. Individual mola panels are found in the collections of major ethnographic, art, and textile museums and there are many private collectors in the US, Europe, Japan and Australia. The role of the mola blouse as part of the dress ensemble of Kuna women is frequently not appreciated, since complete mola blouses form a small part of many collections. The display of mola panels as artworks in ethnographic and art museum exhibitions promotes their intrinsic aesthetic qualities and contributes to distancing them from their role as a component of dress. The meaning of molas may be considered to be polyvalent: Kuna women who sew and wear molas and Kuna communities may derive various meanings; there may be various meanings attributed to specific designs; and outsiders may derive different meanings. The attraction of molas to the Western eye is explored in terms of Kuna ethnoaesthetic principles and choice of iconography, as well as aesthetic appreciation. Molas may be interpreted as early examples of craftivism and contemporary collectors are attracted to their handmade qualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of young women who knit has increased dramatically in the past ten years; however, there is little research focused on understanding young, female knitters. The purpose of this research was to examine the motivations of females 18 to 30 years of age, for participation in knitting. Uses and Gratifications Theory provided the theoretical framework for the study. Qualitative data were collected from 15 in-depth interviews. The interviews were analyzed with a constant comparative approach. Three major themes (incentives, barriers, and outcomes) and 12 subthemes emerged from the data. The emergent themes were compared to Uses and Gratifications Theory to determine the motivations for young women who participate in knitting. A Model of Motivations for Knitting among Young Women, was created to illustrate the relationship between the motivational themes that emerged from the data and categories within Uses and Gratifications Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]