Search

Os ornamentos também integram espaços de jardins de cura. No entanto, é essencial que os objetos artísticos comuniquem mensagens apropriadas para estímulos à cura interior. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender a leitura visual dos ornamentos de jardins de cura infantis. Particularmente, este estudo tem o interesse de revelar o potencial de identificabilidade dos ornamentos, sob o enfoque dos materiais, das silhuetas, das linhas de contornos e dos padrões de informação de objetos expostos nos jardins. A análise da linguagem visual dos objetos de cinco jardins de cura infantis, construídos entre 1999 e 2018 nos Estados Unidos, permitiu interpretar que os ornamentos também podem exibir silhuetas não identificáveis ou expressar fatores visuais negativos. Tal alerta pode ser útil para orientar a concepção de ornamentos de jardins destinados ao público específico de pacientes infantis com deficiências ou em processo de reabilitação.

Introduction: this article describes the senses associated with plays and toys, by professionals from different areas of health in the hospital environment. Objective: analyze the senses associated with plays and toys, by professionals from different areas of health in the hospital environment. Materials and methods: from a qualitative design and under the case study method, the semi-structured interview is used as a data construction technique to expose the results of the senses category from two nuclei of theoretical significance: autobiographical subjective sense and clinical sense. Results: the findings reveal the way in which the subjective autobiographical sense of these professionals permeated the professional practice and some clinical senses are described in relation to the way in which play and toy allow these professionals to formulate hypotheses about subjective, affective, relational and communicative aspects in which a diagnostic, therapeutic or educational exercise is supported. Conclusions: these senses are oriented from two pillars: the infancy of these professionals as a starting point to build ties with the patient, since there is a strong connection between the subjectivity itself to dynamize, in particular, the therapeutic relationship with children in the hospital and, the second, the professional practice as an experience from which a sense for the play and the toy is configured [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esta pesquisa transversal teve como objetivo, realizar a classificação dos medicamentos padronizados em um hospital infantil quanto ao seu uso off label, através da avaliação dos medicamentos prescritos aos pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica. Identificou-se que do total de 6.091 medicamentos prescritos, 3.041 foram utilizados de forma off label, representando 49,9% dos medicamentos prescritos,sendo 64,0% dos medicamentos off label de via de administração, 30,5% por faixa etária e 5,5% de indicação farmacológica. Concluiu-se com este estudo que, uma grande quantidade de medicamentos foi utilizada off label em crianças.

A descriptive cross-sectional study of 1 819 patients with fever and reactive serology, admitted in "Dr. Antonio María Béguez Caesar" Pediatric Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out through presumptive diagnosis of dengue from January, 2015 to December, 2016, from whom samples of serum were obtained in the Microbiology Department of the above-mentioned institution, which were sent to the laboratory of "Dr. Pedro Kourí" Tropical Medicine Institute in Havana for their processing and possible confirmation. A 54,3 % of positive cases was obtained in the case material, as well as the prevalence of children older than 5 years with 1 451, those coming from Santiago de Cuba municipality were 1 651, those with fever were 847 and those with occurrence of the infection during the trimester October-November were 864. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 54 patients with infections associated with the health care in "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Teaching Pediatric Hospital was carried out in Santiago from Cuba, from January, 2015 to December, 2016. The analyzed variables included age, sex, infection type, result of the cultures, isolated organism and origin service. All the culture samples were processed in the Microbiology Department of the institution. The age group 5-17 years, male sex, infection in the surgical wound, the positivity of the cultures, isolation of Escherichia coli and the Intensive Care Unit prevailed in the case material. Only 2 of the infants with 0-11 months died, for 3,7 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive, observational and longitudinal investigation in the Otolaryngology Service of "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Children Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2015 to December, 2017, aimed at characterizing the 341 children and adolescents assisted in the emergency room because they presented aerodigestive foreign bodies. In the case material There was a prevalence of under 5 age group (62.5 %), male sex (52.8 %), urban origin (65.1 %), organic foreign bodies (67.4 %), the nasal cavity as anatomical localization, nasal obstruction as main symptom and the manual extraction through previous rhinoscopy. In 11.1 % of the radiographic exams the foreign body was observed. Just a patient died during the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 23 patients with head and neck tumors, assisted in the Oncology Pediatric Service of "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Teaching Children Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba during 2000-2016. In the case material there was a prevalence of the 10-14 age group (39.1%), male sex, nasopharyngeal localization (39.1%), non Hodgkins lymphoma and papillary carcinoma as histological varieties, phase III clinical stage and the highest number of patients diagnosed in 2013 and 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba en el 2010, a fin de describir los factores relacionados con la conducta suicida en 26 de 31 adolescentes de 11 a 17 años, atendidos en dicha institución durante ese período. Se halló que el grupo más afectado fue el de 14-15 años, con primacía del sexo femenino. Entre los factores de riesgo predominantes figuraron, por citar los principales en la casuística: los maltratos físicos y psicológicos como las humillaciones efectuadas por los propios padres; la falta de redes de apoyo familiar en la mayoría de ellos; la ausencia de solución de sus problemas; la ingestión de medicamentos para suicidarse, fundamentalmente psicofármacos, así como la depresión y el consumo de alcohol como antecedentes patológicos familiares.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 31 pacientes con neumonía asociada a la ventilación, ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2007 hasta diciembre de 2011, a fin de caracterizarles desde el punto de vista clinicoepidemiológico. En la serie predominaron los niños menores de un año, la insuficiencia respiratoria como la causa principal de ventilación, los pacientes con 4 o más días de ventilados como los más afectados, la fiebre y los cambios de las secreciones bronquiales como los síntomas más comunes, la sedación como el factor de riesgo más frecuente, los sedantes y los relajantes musculares como los medicamentos que más causaron neumonía y las cefalosporinas de tercera generación como los fármacos más usados.A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 31 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Teaching Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from January 2007 to December 2011, in order to characterize them clinically and epidemiologically. Children under one year, respiratory failure as the main cause of ventilation, patients with 4 or more days of ventilation as the most affected predominated in the series, as well as fever and changes in bronchial secretions as the most common symptoms, sedation as the most common risk factor, sedatives and muscular relaxers as drugs that mostly caused pneumonia, and third generation-cephalosporins as the most used drugs.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de los 1 311 pacientes que recibieron antimicrobianos de amplio espectro en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre de 2009, a fin de analizar el uso de estos medicamentos, para lo cual se revisaron las historias clínicas correspondientes y los controles del Departamento de Farmacia. En la casuística predominaron la ceftriaxona como medicamento más empleado (64,8 %), la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos como el servicio que más lo utilizó (41,7 %), la neumonía bacteriana como entidad clínica más común (42,0 %) y la evolución favorable de los afectados (98,5 %).A descriptive and cross-sectional study of the 1 311 patients who received wide spectrum antimicrobials in "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Teaching Northern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2009, in order to analyze the use of these drugs. For this aim, the corresponding medical records and the controls of the Pharmacy Department were reviewed. Ceftriaxone as the most used medication (64.8 %), the Intensive Care Unit as the most used service (41.7 %), the bacterial pneumonia as the most common clinical entity (42.0 %) and the favorable clinical course of those affected (98.5 %) prevailed in the case material.

Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo y transversal de 48 pacientes ingresados por intoxicaciones exógenas agudas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2006 hasta diciembre del 2010, con vistas a caracterizarles según algunas variables clinicoepidemiológicas. En la serie, predominaron las edades de 10 a 14 años, el sexo femenino, el intento suicida como antecedente personal de mayor importancia, el estado grave de los pacientes al hospitalizar, la procedencia urbana, especialmente del municipio cabecera (Santiago de Cuba), y los medicamentos como el xenobiótico causal más frecuente, con prevalencia de la carbamazepina. Para evaluar la información se utilizó el cálculo porcentual y los resultados fueron expresados en porcentaje, los cuales mostraron la necesidad de continuar perfeccionando las estrategias de intervención, con la integración de los niveles primario y secundario de atención sanitaria.An epidemiological descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 patients admitted due to acute exogenous poisoning at the Intensive Care Unit of "Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Teaching Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January 2006 to December 2010, with the purpose of characterizing them according to some clinical epidemiological variates. Ages between10 and 14 years, female sex, suicidal attempts as the most important past medical history predominated in the series, as well as the critical condition of patients to be hospitalized, urban origin, especially from Santiago de Cuba municipality and drugs as the most frequent causative xenobiotic with prevalence of carbamazepine. To evaluate the information the percentage calculation was used and the results were expressed as a percentage, which showed the need to continue to improve intervention strategies, with the integration of primary and secondary levels of care

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de 64 pacientes con infección urinaria, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde enero hasta diciembre del 2010, con vistas a determinar algunos aspectos clínicos diagnósticos. En la mayoría de los niños hospitalizados prevalecieron: anemia, leucocitosis, eritrosedimentación acelerada, así como leucocituria ligera; y entre los microorganismos: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis y Enterobacteriaceae. Para verificar la presencia de esas alteraciones, deben indicarse los exámenes complementarios: hemograma completo, eritrosedimentación, cituria y urocultivo, cuyos resultados posibilitan establecer un diagnóstico concluyente.A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of 64 patients with urinary infection, admitted at the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2010, with the objective of determining some clinical and diagnostic aspects. In most of the hospitalized children, anemia, leucocytosis, accelerated erytrosedimentation, as well as mild leucocyturia prevailed; and among the organisms: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacteriaceae. To verify the presence of these changes, additional tests such as complete blood count, erytrosedimentation, cyturia and urine culture should be indicated as their results facilitate to establish a conclusive diagnosis.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 457 pacientes, atendidos en los servicios quirúrgicos del Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde 1996 hasta 2011, con vistas a mejorar la calidad de la terapéutica anestésico-quirúrgica en niños y niñas, minimizar la estadía hospitalaria y disminuir los costos institucionales, entre otros aspectos. En la serie predominaron la colecistitis crónica, las afecciones ginecológicas y respiratorias, así como las enfermedades asociadas. Entre los fármacos preanestésicos primaron el diazepam, el midazolam y la atropina, utilizados en todos los pacientes; y entre los anestésicos de inducción, el tiopental en 335. Teniendo en cuenta que los resultados de las técnicas empleadas fueron satisfactorios y las complicaciones atribuibles a la anestesia, escasas, ello sentó las pautas para la asistencia a niños y adolescentes en dichos servicios.A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 457 patients, attended at the surgical services of the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from 1996 to 2011, aimed at improving the quality of the anesthetic-surgical therapy in children, to minimize the hospital stay and to decrease the institutional costs, among other aspects. In the series, chronic colecystitis, gynecological and breathing disorders, as well as associated diseases prevailed. As the results of the applied techniques were satisfactory and the complications attributable to the anesthesia were scarce, it was possible to attend children and adolescents in this services.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo de 153 pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba desde junio de 2008 hasta igual mes de 2010 y atendidos en consulta externa durante ese bienio por experimentar manifestaciones clínicas urogenitales. Las variables seleccionadas para la investigación fueron, entre otras, las siguientes: sexo, estado nutricional, presentación clínica, tipo de malformación y técnica de imagenología realizada. En el momento de establecer el diagnóstico predominaban el sexo femenino y la infección urinaria. La malformación congénita más frecuente resultó ser la ectopia renal, confirmada fundamentalmente a través de la ecografía, por lo cual se recomienda que se utilice esta técnica por encima de otras que pudieran estar disponibles en la institución.A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in 153 patients admitted to "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Teaching Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba from June 2008 to June 2010 and attended in outpatient department during that biennium due to urogenital clinical manifestations. The variables selected for the study were, among others, the following: sex, nutritional status, clinical presentation, type of malformation and imaging technique performed. At the time of the diagnosis female sex and urinary tract infection predominated. The most frequent congenital malformation was the renal ectopia confirmed mainly through ultrasonography, so it is recommended to use this technique over others that could be available at the institution.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal para caracterizar, desde los puntos de vista clínico y epidemiológico, a 71 pacientes de 3 a 36 meses de edad con fiebre sin foco infeccioso evidente, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Norte "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba durante el 2010. En la casuística predominaron el sexo masculino (60,4 %), las edades de 3 a 6 meses (43,6 %), la fiebre elevada (62,0 %) y el aspecto normal (94,3 %), con leucocitosis en 53,5 % y velocidad de sedimentación globular acelerada en 67,5 %. Los niños y niñas egresaron básicamente con diagnóstico de bacteriemia oculta (25,3 %), luego de haber sido tratados preponderantemente con cefalosporinas de tercera generación (50,6 %).A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to characterize from the clinical and epidemiological points of view 71 patients aged 3 to 36 months admitted to "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba due to fever without apparent infectious source during 2010. Male sex (60,4 %), ages between 3 and 6 months (43,6 %), high temperature (62,0 %) and normal appearance (94,3 %) with 53,5 % leukocytosis and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 67,5 % prevailed in our cases. Children were basically discharged with diagnosis of hidden bacteriemia (25,3 %) after being treated predominantly with third-generation cephalosporins (50,6 %).

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal de 53 pacientes de 0-19 años de edad, con glaucoma del desarrollo, operados mediante trabeculectomía en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde 1999 hasta 2010, para lo cual se determinaron las características generales del diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento médico integral, este último nunca inferior a un lustro después de la intervención. Se tomaron en cuenta desde los primeros síntomas referidos hasta la rehabilitación óptica y se compararon los resultados de la técnica en todos los integrantes de la casuística, de donde se derivó que fue efectiva en 69,0 % de ellos. También se proporcionan otros datos clínicos y sobre la atención brindada a los niños y adolescentes que padecían la enfermedad.A descriptive and longitudinal study of 53 patients aged between 0 and 19 years old with growth glaucoma surgically treated through trabeculectomy at Ophthalmology Service from the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from 1999 to 2010. General characteristics of diagnosis, surgical treatment, and comprehensive follow-up were determined. The latter was never lower than a lustrum after the intervention. First symptoms referred to optical rehabilitation were taken into account. Results of this technique applied in all the members of the case material were compared, from which it was derived that this technique was effective in 69,0 % of them. Furthermore, other clinical data as well as some related to the health care offered to children and teenagers undergoing this sickness are provided.

A pesar de las numerosas investigaciones realizadas en torno a la sepsis, la morbilidad y mortalidad elevadas por su causa revelan un insuficiente conocimiento al respecto, que impide en muchos casos identificar oportunamente sus manifestaciones clínicas y pone en riesgo la supervivencia de los niños hospitalizados; razón por la cual se impone aumentar y actualizar el volumen de información que posee el personal de la salud encargado de atender a la población infantil ingresada en instituciones sanitarias pediátricas. Para ello se revisaron los resultados de discusiones médicas en conferencias de consensos internacionales, donde se debatió acerca de importantes aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos y clínicos relacionados con el asunto, siempre con el propósito de disminuir la incidencia de ese factor de riesgo.Despite the numerous researches on sepsis, the high morbidity and mortality because of it reveal a lack of knowledge about it, which prevents in many cases timely identification of its clinical manifestations and threatens the survival of hospitalized children; reason why it should be increased and updated the volume of information that the people in charge of health care for children admitted to pediatric health institutions have. With this purpose the results of medical discussions on international consensus conferences were reviewed, where important epidemiological, pathophysiological and clinical aspects related to the subject were discussed, always with the aim of reducing the incidence of this risk factor.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de todos los pacientes con tumores del sistema nervioso central, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba, desde 1987 hasta el 2006, a fin de analizar la supervivencia de esta población infantil, cuya media fue de 45-49 meses ± 5,84. Se halló que la edad, los aspectos tisulares, la localización anatómica, el grado de resección, así como los tratamientos aplicados (radioterapia y quimioterapia), constituyeron factores determinantes para mejorar el pronóstico de vida de los integrantes de la casuística.A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of all the patients with tumors of the central nervous system, admitted to the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from 1987 to 2006, in order to analyze the survival of this population whose mean was 45-49 months ± 5,84. It was found that age, tissue aspects, anatomical site, and resection degree, as well as the applied treatments (radiotherapy and chemotherapy), constituted decisive factors to improve the life prognosis of the case material.

Se hizo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de 218 neonatos que presentaron malformaciones congénitas en cualquier aparato o sistema, atendidos en el Servicio Abierto de Neonatología del Hospital Infantil Norte "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira", desde enero del 2001 hasta diciembre del 2007, a fin de caracterizarles según variables de interés para la investigación. En la serie predominaron el sexo masculino y los recién nacidos a término con peso normal. Las malformaciones más frecuentes resultaron ser las aisladas y entre ellas las digestivas y cardiovasculares. El diagnóstico prenatal fue de baja efectividad y la mortalidad mínima, generalmente causada por malformaciones congénitas múltiples.A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 218 neonates that presented congenital malformations in any apparatus or system, assisted in the Open Service of Neonatology of "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Children Hospital was carried out, from January , 2001 to December, 2007, in order to characterize them according to variables of interest for the investigation. The male sex and the full- term newborns with normal weight prevailed in the series. The most frequent malformations were the isolated ones and among them the digestive and cardiovascular ones. The prenatal diagnosis was of low effectiveness and mortality was low, generally caused by multiple congenital malformations.

An observational, descriptive and cross sectional study was carried out in "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Teaching Northern Pediatric Hospital from Santiago de Cuba province in 2010, in order to describe the factors related to the suicidal behavior in 26 of 31 adolescents from 11 to 17 years, assisted in this institution during that period. It was found that the most affected group was that of 14-15 years, with prevalence of the female sex. Among the predominant risk factors there were, as the main ones in the case material: the physical and psychological abuses as the humiliations carried out by parents; the lack of family support groups in most of them; the absence of solution to their problems; the drugs ingestion to commit suicide, fundamentally psychodrugs, as well as depression and the alcohol consumption as family pathological history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se describe el caso clínico de un adolescente de 16 años de edad, con antecedentes de buena salud, que fue ingresado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Infantil Norte "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba por sospecharse la presencia de neumonía bacteriana y anemia moderada. Los resultados de los exámenes complementarios permitieron concluir que el paciente presentaba anemia hemolítica autoinmune por anticuerpos fríos y anemia falciforme de aparición tardía, por lo cual fue trasladado al Servicio de Hematología, de donde egresó sin complicaciones.The case report of a 16 year-old adolescent , with history of good health is described. He was admitted in the Pediatric Intensive Cares Unit of "Dr. Juan of the Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba due to suspicions of the presence of bacterial pneumonia and moderate anemia. The results of the additional tests allowed to conclude that the patient presented autoimmune hemolytic state due to cold antibodies and sickle cell anemia of late onset, reason why he was referred to the Hematology Service, where he was discharged without complications.

Um estudo sôbre o estado de nutrição de 2.007 crianças entre 0 e 24 meses de idade, internadas num Hospital Assistencial do Município de São Paulo, revela que o percentual total de desnutridos corresponde a cêrca de 3/4 da população observada. O percentual total de distróficos foi menor em 1963 do que em 1961, mas em 1969 ultrapassou o de 1963. O maior percentual de desnutridos em grau mais avançado (D³), que se encontrava, em 1961 e 1963, no primeiro semestre do segundo ano de vida, deslocou-se em 1969, para o segundo semestre do primeiro ano de vida.The nutritional status of 2.007 children, between zero to 24 months, admitted to an Assistential Hospital of S. Paulo City irrespective of diagnosis, was studied. The total percentage of distrophics in all grades reached almost 3/4 of the supervisioned children. The percentual decrease of undernourished children observed in 1963 did not persist in 1969. The greatest percentage of children in D3 which in 1961 and 1963 was found in the first semester of the 2nd year of life, displaced itself in 1969 to the 2nd semester of the first year of life.