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This paperes tablishes the chronologyof the ElPozuelo megalithic complexand discusses it in the context of other dolmens that have been dated in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The working methodology combines the study of the stratigraphy and architectural sequence with the Bayesian modeling of the 27 AMS 14C dates obtained for charcoal samples from the four monuments in the Los Llanetes cluster. The most significant chronological results (at 68% probability) are (a) the antiquity and long duration of the megalithic sites, in which several monumental structures succeeded one another ca. 3970–1980 cal BC; (b) the existences of different temporalities in the LateFinal Neolithic dolmens: simple chambers (3970–3760 cal BC), elongated chambers (3790–3620 cal BC) and multiple chambers (3660–3260 cal BC; (c) the continuity of activity during the Copper Age (2980–2580 and 25302180 cal BC); and (d) the permanence of megalithism in the Early Bronze Age, through the presence of terraced enclosures with circular platforms ca. 2230–1940 cal BC. This diachronic sequence and the contextualized analysis of the 152 available radiocarbon dates (27 new, 125 published) supports the establishment of the temporal dynamics of megalithism in the Iberian southwest, introducing key aspects on the emergence, span, and rebuilding of the different dolmens (passage graves, simple chambers, elongated chambers, and multiple chambers) and establishing the phases of activity and reuse of the different architectural types., This study has been carried out within the framework of the R D i Project “MEGA-LITHOS. Geo-archaeological study methods for the investigation of the Huelva megalithisms” (UHU- 1263153) at the University of Huelva, funded by the Operative Programme ERDF 2014-2020 and the Department of Economy and Knowledge in the Government of Andalusia. The radiocarbon dates were commissioned at the CNA by the Culture Department in the Government of Andalusia within the Exceptional Archaeological Activity under our direction. The funding of the open access charge has been assumed by the University of Huelva, thanks to the agreement established with Cambridge University Press. I am grateful to Coronada Mora Molina for her invaluable participation in the excavation and research of the Los Llanetes cluster. Juan Carlos Vera-Rodríguez and Luc Laporte, supervisors of my doctoral thesis, for their guidance and observations for the investigation. M´onica Ruiz Alonso has contributed to the anthracological study of the charcoal samples. Thanks to the reviewers for their comments and suggestions, which have improved several aspects of the work

This paper reports on a new Bronze Age settlements located in the area of El Andevalo (Huelva, Spain). Furthermore, it studied a differentiation in the delimitation of this territory, areas that are within the South Portuguese geological zone (SW Iberia), where there are abundant mineral resources (Iberian Pyrite Belt) and those others which belong to the Unit Pulo do Lobo (Pulo do Lobo Formation), where there are not any mining resources. In the first one predominates an habitat that is concentrated in fortified settlements, accompanied of large enclosures fortified without evidence of habitat, in sectors where the mineralizations rich in copper carbonates abundant. In the second area, without any mining evidence, the settlement continues being in heights, but there are not signals of fortifications, and according to their material culture they are related to settlements of the Late Bronze Age of the of the Alentejo (Portugal)., En este trabajo se dan a conocer una serie de nuevos hábitats fortificados de la Edad del Bronce en la comarca onubense de El Andévalo. Se concluye haciendo una diferenciación en la delimitación de este territorio, las zonas que se encuentran dentro de la Zona Geológica Surportuguesa, donde son abundantes los recursos minerales (Faja Pirítica Ibérica) y aquéllas otras que pertenecen a la Unidad Pulo do Lobo (Formación Pulo do Lobo), donde no existen recursos mineros. En la primera zona predomina un poblamiento que se concentra asentamientos fortificados que están acompañados de grandes recintos fortificados sin evidencias de asentamiento, en sectores donde abundan las mineralizaciones ricas en carbonatos de cobre. En la segunda, sin ninguna vocación minera, el hábitat sigue siendo en altura, pero no se encuentran señales de fortificaciones, y por su cultura material se relacionan con los poblados del Bronce Final del Alentejo (Portugal).

UID/HIS/04666/2019 Um estudo preliminar sobre a presença de “aegyptiaca” na costa ocidental da Península Ibérica. Este artigo aborda o material egípcio e egipcizante trazido para o território ibérico pela expansão fenícia entre os séculos VIII – V a.C. Uma vez que se trata de um material pouco estudado, propor a construção de um corpus para a região do Sudoeste Ibérico será uma mais-valia para a compreensão do fenômeno das relações entre nativos e estrangeiros. Assim, essa cultura material será a base para um estudo da presença fenícia no que outrora consistia de uma unidade geopolítica: o Sudoeste Ibérico. As relações comerciais, a transferência de tecnologia e a subsequente transição do Bronze Final para o Ferro Inicial entre as sociedades nativas são temas de interesse desse levantamento de corpus. A presença de bens de luxo e status em necrópoles nativas e mistas demonstra o gradual processo de adoção de elementos mediterrâneos nos ritos funerários e relações cotidianas dessas sociedades nativas, iluminando todo um processo de reformulação social, dando origem a estruturas hierárquicas mais complexas. This is a preliminary study on the presence of aegyptiaca on the Western coast of the Iberian Peninsula. This article deals with the Egyptian and Egyptianizing material brought to the Iberian territory by the Phoenician expansion between the 8th and 5th centuries BC. As this material is still little studied, proposing the construction of a corpus for the region of the Iberian southwest will be a valuable tool for understanding the phenomenon of relations between natives and foreigners. Thus, this material culture will be the basis for a study of the Phoenician presence in what was once a geopolitical unit: the Iberian southwest. Commercial relations, technology transfer and the subsequent transition from Late Bronze to Early Iron ages between native societies are topics of interest in this corpus development. The presence of luxury goods in native and mixed necropolises demonstrates the gradual process of adopting Mediterranean elements in the funerary rites and in the daily relationships of these native societies, illuminating an entire process of social reformulation and giving rise to more complex hierarchical structures. publishersversion published

SFRH/BPD/97963/2013 UID/HIS/04666/2013 The following article focuses on two fundamental questions about how the ocean was perceived in late medieval Christianity: how did Christians envisage the oceanic element at a time of historical crossroads? What weight did this “world view” have in (people’s) daily contact with the ocean, especially along the southwestern coasts of Christianity? During the Middle Ages, two perceptions of the ocean prevailed in the Iberian territory. The first, inherited from the medieval autorictas, was in consonance with medieval Europe’s more continental and rural view, and tended to eliminate the aquatic element from the horizon – or minimize it as much as possible. The second, more positive and optimistic, became especially predominant in the south of Christendom, and was therefore closer to the Classical and Muslim heritage. In the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in Portugal, the second view of the ocean prevailed after the transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern Era. However, it was still permeated by vestiges of the continental vision, more averse to the sea… publishersversion published

As result of several field trips following doctoral research in Marianic-Monchiquensean Sector, we describe a new heathland named Lavandulo viridis-Ericetum lusitanici ass nova hoc loco (Genistion micrantho-anglicae, Rivas- Martínez 1979) as a thermomediterranean to lower mesomediterranean, upper dry to humid, schistose association. The analysis of 11 relevés, following Braun-Blanquet methodology shows the floristic identity of this new association as well as the chorological segregation of its area of occurrence. Finally, despite these communities already being relatively well known and although they are poor in species number, such heathlands show floristic singularity and own sinecology, with a large and distinct geographical area of distribution, so we emphasized its integration within Atlantic wet heaths priority habitat (⁄4020 – Annex B-I from Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992).

This work results as an in-depth study of climatophilous cork-oak woodlands from Iberian southwest, by the necessity to profound the knowledge of this West-Mediterrenean vegetal formations, particularly in the most atlantic territories. Accordingly, we describe a new cork-oak forest association subhumid to humid, thermomediterranean, siliceous, from « Marianico-Monchiquense » sector as a climatophilous serie, named Lavandulo viridis-Quercetum suberis new ass. Their floristic, ecologic and dynamic particularities are exposed. It’s also presented a comparison with the rest of the cork-oak communities described to the Querco rotundifoliae-Oleion sylvestris Barbéro, Quézel & Rivas-Martínez in Rivas-Martínez, Costa & Izco 1986 alliance. Finally, some considerations are made about the conservation status of these sclerophyllous formations and highlighted the most important management policies that aim to protect, recover and increase the value of cork-oak forests.

The authors analyses the process of the research on the Bronze Age in the south of Portugal, since the heroic phase of the precursors (final of the nineteenth century) represented by Sebastião P. M. Estácio da Veiga, António Santos Rocha and José Leite de Vasconcelos; in the middle of the XX century, phase of increasing field-archaeology carried out by a group of archaeologists related with Abel Viana, an expansion of the culture of El Argar was proposed reaching the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Based on the excavation of the necropolis of Atalaia and on the re-elaboration of accumulated information, a new paradigm emerges, that considers the Bronze Age of southern Portugal an individualized and independent entity. Although, some influence from the culture of El Argar had been recognized, its origin was rooted in the regional late Chalcolithic. The most complete formulation of the concept of the Bronze Age culture of the Iberian Southwest, including the south of Portugal and the provinces of Huelva and Badajoz, is due to Hermanfrid Schubart (1975). Finally, the authors briefly allude to the current contributions to the knowledge on the Middle Bronze Age in the Iberian Southwest.