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RESUMO Este trabalho traz a descrição anatômica de cinco espécies de madeiras (Pachystroma ilicifolium, Esenbeckia leiocarpa, Cariniana estrellensis, Ocotea porosa e Cassia ferruginea), comumente utilizadas na construção civil. As descrições apresentadas demonstraram que as espécies do estudo podem ser separadas pela anatomia do lenho, o que indiretamente contribui não só com garantias de segurança, mas também com a conservação das espécies florestais.

The trees known as “canela” belong to the genera Ocotea and Nectandra (Lauraceae) and are difficult to identify at the genus and species level based on their wood. The present work describes anatomical and organoleptic characteristics of the wood of Ocotea and Nectandra species that can be used for identification. Wood discs were collected at breast height (BH 1.30 m) from trunks of Nectandra megapotamica, N. lanceolata, Ocotea porosa, O. puberula, O. pulchella and Ocotea sp., in four municipalities in the interior of Santa Catarina State. The macroscopic anatomy and organoleptic characteristics were described based on standard techniques used in wood anatomy studies. The results show that the species of Nectandra and Ocotea can be separated by their axial parenchyma distinctness, diagonal arrangement of vessels, wood color and odor. A dichotomous key to the studied species of Lauraceae is also provided. The present work found that it was possible to identify the species studied using macroscopic anatomy and organoleptic properties of the wood; however, it was not possible to distinguish Ocotea from Nectandra.

Colorimetric parameters have potential to differentiate tree species through their wood type. Therefore, this can be used to aid the inspection of illegal trade. Thus, considering the need to identify species with precision and speed, this study aimed to explore the potential of these parameters in order to characterize wood of some species of native Myrtaceae from the Araucaria Forest: Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg., Eugenia pyriformis Cambess., Myrcia retorta Cambess., and Plinia Peruviana (Poir.) Govaert. Twelve trees were collected randomly - three per species - for the removal of a disc at diameter at breast height (DBH). We took samples from three regions of the disc (next to the bark, intermediate and next to the pith) and analyzed them in three anatomical sections (transversal, radial and tangential) by the system CIE L*a*b* using a bench colorimeter. We analyzed the data based on the following criteria: test of means in order to differentiate species, quantitative factor analysis (considering the region of the disc and the anatomical section as factors), and principal components analysis (PCA). Then, we used the original spectrum and the values of parameters L*, a* and b* in order to verify the distribution of the species. The analysis determined that the species present different values for the colorimetric parameters. In addition, the factors region of the disc and anatomical section have specific influence for each species. Finally, the PCA indicated that only E. pyriformis differs from the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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