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2. The Complete Genome Sequence of Thermoproteus tenax: A Physiologically Versatile Member of the Crenarchaeota

Author

Fabian Blombach, Sonja-Verena Albers, Melanie Zaparty, Bettina Siebers, Kira S. Makarova, Christa Lanz, Reinhard Hensel, Steve D. Bell, Andrea Rosinus, Hans-Peter Klenk, Stephan C. Schuster, Nikos C. Kyrpides, Britta Tjaden, André Plagens, Markus Rampp, Mathias von Jan, Arnulf Kletzin, and Guenter Raddatz

Subjects
Chemoautotrophic Growth, methanobacterium-thermoautotrophicum, Transcription, Genetic, central carbohydrate-metabolism, Enzyme Metabolism, Genome, Biochemistry, Energy-Producing Processes, sulfolobus-solfataricus, Molecular cell biology, Crenarchaeota, Genome, Archaeal, Microbiologie, Archaeal Taxonomy, 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Genome Sequencing, Amino Acids, Fakultät für Chemie » Biofilm Center, Phylogeny, Protein Metabolism, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, biology, Protein translation, Archaeal Biochemistry, Proton-Motive Force, Genomics, Archaeal Physiology, Thermoproteus, Enzymes, Protein Transport, ddc:57, binding-protein, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Medicine, Metabolic Pathways, ddc:570, Biologie, Research Article, DNA Replication, Physiogenomics, pyrobaculum-aerophilum, Archaeans, Science, DNA transcription, Chemie, Bioenergetics, transfer-rna genes, Biosynthesis, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, dna-replication, Complete sequence, ignicoccus-hospitalis, Genome size, Gene, Biology, VLAG, Biological Transport, Comparative Genomics, biology.organism_classification, Thermoproteales, Metabolism, Protein Biosynthesis, ribulose monophosphate pathway, Gene expression, Energy Metabolism, acidianus-ambivalens, Archaea
Abstract

Here, we report on the complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeum Thermoproteus tenax (strain Kra1, DSM 2078(T)) a type strain of the crenarchaeotal order Thermoproteales. Its circular 1.84-megabase genome harbors no extrachromosomal elements and 2,051 open reading frames are identified, covering 90.6% of the complete sequence, which represents a high coding density. Derived from the gene content, T. tenax is a representative member of the Crenarchaeota. The organism is strictly anaerobic and sulfur-dependent with optimal growth at 86°C and pH 5.6. One particular feature is the great metabolic versatility, which is not accompanied by a distinct increase of genome size or information density as compared to other Crenarchaeota. T. tenax is able to grow chemolithoautotrophically (CO₂/H₂) as well as chemoorganoheterotrophically in presence of various organic substrates. All pathways for synthesizing the 20 proteinogenic amino acids are present. In addition, two presumably complete gene sets for NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) were identified in the genome and there is evidence that either NADH or reduced ferredoxin might serve as electron donor. Beside the typical archaeal A₀A₁-ATP synthase, a membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is found, which might contribute to energy conservation. Surprisingly, all genes required for dissimilatory sulfate reduction are present, which is confirmed by growth experiments. Mentionable is furthermore, the presence of two proteins (ParA family ATPase, actin-like protein) that might be involved in cell division in Thermoproteales, where the ESCRT system is absent, and of genes involved in genetic competence (DprA, ComF) that is so far unique within Archaea. OA Förderung 2011

Published
2011

3. The Complete Genome Sequence of Thermoproteus tenax: A Physiologically Versatile Member of the Crenarchaeota

Author

Siebers, B., Zaparty, M., Raddatz, G., Tjaden, B., Albers, S.V., Bell, S.D., Blombach, F., Kletzin, A., Kyrpides, N., Lanz, C., Plagens, A., Rampp, M., Rosinus, A., von Jan, M., Makarova, K.S., Klenk, H.P., Schuster, S.C., Hensel, R., Siebers, B., Zaparty, M., Raddatz, G., Tjaden, B., Albers, S.V., Bell, S.D., Blombach, F., Kletzin, A., Kyrpides, N., Lanz, C., Plagens, A., Rampp, M., Rosinus, A., von Jan, M., Makarova, K.S., Klenk, H.P., Schuster, S.C., and Hensel, R.

Abstract

Here, we report on the complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeum Thermoproteus tenax (strain Kra 1, DSM 2078(T)) a type strain of the crenarchaeotal order Thermoproteales. Its circular 1.84-megabase genome harbors no extrachromosomal elements and 2,051 open reading frames are identified, covering 90.6% of the complete sequence, which represents a high coding density. Derived from the gene content, T. tenax is a representative member of the Crenarchaeota. The organism is strictly anaerobic and sulfur-dependent with optimal growth at 86 degrees C and pH 5.6. One particular feature is the great metabolic versatility, which is not accompanied by a distinct increase of genome size or information density as compared to other Crenarchaeota. T. tenax is able to grow chemolithoautotrophically (CO(2)/H(2)) as well as chemoorganoheterotrophically in presence of various organic substrates. All pathways for synthesizing the 20 proteinogenic amino acids are present. In addition, two presumably complete gene sets for NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) were identified in the genome and there is evidence that either NADH or reduced ferredoxin might serve as electron donor. Beside the typical archaeal A(0)A(1)-ATP synthase, a membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is found, which might contribute to energy conservation. Surprisingly, all genes required for dissimilatory sulfate reduction are present, which is confirmed by growth experiments. Mentionable is furthermore, the presence of two proteins (ParA family ATPase, actin-like protein) that might be involved in cell division in Thermoproteales, where the ESCRT system is absent, and of genes involved in genetic competence (DprA, ComF) that is so far unique within Archaea.

Published
2011

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