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Nell’ultimo trentennio il fenomeno della disuguaglianza ha conosciuto una certa recrudescenza. Si tratta di un fenomeno molto complesso che si presta ad una pluralità di letture ed interpretazioni. Il presente contributo riflette su una linea di segmentazione presente nel dibattito sul tema, data dalla distinzione tra gli approcci che, da un lato, analizzano “dall’alto” le forze e gli impatti generali e quelli che, dall’altro lato, assumono una prospettiva “dal basso”, indirizzando il focus analitico sui vissuti delle persone, sui processi e sulle interazioni tra i aspetti soggettivi e oggettivi. Si tratta di due approcci analitici complementari, entrambi indispensabili per una piena comprensione del fenomeno. In the last thirty years the phenomenon of inequality has experienced a certain upsurge. It is a very complex phenomenon that lends itself to a plurality of readings and interpretations. This paper reflects on a segmentation line of the debate on this topic, given by the distinction between the approaches that, on the one hand, assume a “top down” analytical perspective, observing the overall forces and impacts and those that, on the other hand, take a "bottom-up" perspective, addressing the analytical focus on people’s experiences, processes and interactions between subjective and objective aspects. These are two complementary analytical approaches, both indispensable for a full understanding of the phenomenon.

Resumen: El estudio explora la realidad laboral y social que las mujeres inmigrantes haitianas están viviendo en Chile y específicamente describe cómo se desarrolla su experiencia de inserción laboral en el mercado del trabajo chileno. El trabajo remunerado como único espacio de “integración social” para la población migrante, se convierte en un predictor tanto del bienestar individual como social de la persona y en el caso de las mujeres, se añade la interacción de factores de desigualdad distintos que sus pares hombres. El enfoque es de carácter cualitativo y utiliza el estudio de casos como su metodología de base. Entre sus conclusiones, se propone incorporar acciones concretas en las políticas públicas que permitan disminuir las barreras y riesgos en el campo del trabajo, a los que se exponen cotidianamente estas mujeres migrantes y sus familias en el Chile actual. Abstract: The investigation explores the social-work situation that Haitian immigrant women are living in Chile and specifically describes how their experience of labor insertion develops in the Chilean labor market. Paid work, considered the only space of “social integration” for the migrant population, becomes a predictor for both the individual and social well-being of the person, and regarding to women we have to add the interaction of different inequality factors which are not the same as their peers’ men. The approach is qualitative in nature and uses case studies as its basic methodology. Among its conclusions, it is proposed to incorporate specific actions in public policies that allow reducing the barriers and risks in the work field, which migrant women and their families are daily exposed nowadays in Chile.