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The underlying causes and mechanisms of pre-eclampsia (PE), its exact etiology remains unclear and poorly understood. Hypoxia, ischemia, and oxidative stress induced by free radicals have been associated with development of PE. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a chemically modified albumin due to oxidative stress. IMA, a serum biomarker of hypoxia, ischemia, and oxidative free radicals is a potential biomarker for PE. The aim of the current proposal was to study serum IMA as a diagnostic biomarker of pre-eclampsia (PE) in pregnant females and to evaluate the correlation between serum IMA and different markers of pre-eclampsia (BP, urinary protein, LFT, KFT, serum total protein & uric acid). A total of 60 pregnant women aged between 21 and 35 years were recruited (30 PE cases and 30 normal pregnancy). Serum IMA was measured by spectrophotometric method developed by Bar-Or D. BP and biochemical parameters (urinary protein, LFT, KFT, serum total protein & uric acid) were also assayed and compared between two groups. Correlation analysis was done for analyzing the relationship between serum IMA and biochemical parameters. The mean serum IMA was significantly higher in normotensive pregnant females (0.93 ABSU) than PE cases (0.71 ABSU). Kidney function and liver function parameters were more deranged in PE cases than in controls. Serum IMA was positively correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.322), serum uric acid (r=0.54) and urinary protein (0.376) whereas negatively correlated with total serum bilirubin (r=−0.515) and serum albumin (r=−0.380). Elevated serum IMA concentrations in normotensive pregnant controls as compared to PE cases suggest that apart from ongoing ischemia and oxidative stress in placenta IMA values are influenced by many other mechanisms in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of the current research is to study the serum levels of ischemia modified albumin (IMA), a new oxidative stress indicator, and various peptides (galanin, alarin, and meteorin-like protein) that may affect the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, determine their relationship with clinical features and each other, and compare them to those in healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study consisting of 45 individuals with schizophrenia who are in remission and 45 healthy individuals. The differences and relationships between categorical variables and serum protein levels of the patient and control groups were statistically analysed. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used for the diagnostic decision-making properties of serum protein levels to predict the presence of the disease. Results: In comparison with the control group, the median levels of serum proteins galanin and alarin were statistically lower in the patient group, whereas METRNL and IMA levels were higher. Considering the predictive values of serum proteins in the diagnosis of the disease, it was observed that serum galanin, alarin, and IMA levels had a sensitivity and specificity higher than 80%, followed by METRNL with 73.3% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. Conclusion: Our findings reveal galanin, alarin, meteorin-like protein, and IMA are important molecules with high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing schizophrenia. Furthermore, we think that further studies are needed to use them as reliable parameters in terms of clinical course, classification, and prognosis in explaining the etiopathogenesis of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: SCUBE-1 (Signal peptide-CUB (complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp1)-EGF (epidermal growth factor)-domain-containing protein 1) is a novel marker of ischemia, which is a cell surface-secreted protein in the platelets and endothelial cells. The aim of the study is to measure serum SCUBE-1 levels and investigate their association with uteroplacental blood flow in patients with preeclampsia. Methods: The study was conducted on patients with preeclampsia. Maternal serum SCUBE1 and IMA levels were the main outcomes. The control group consisted of gestational-age-matched pregnant women. Fetal umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI), middle cerebral artery PI, cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), and maternal uterine artery (UtA)-PI were also examined, and correlation analysis was performed to reveal the association between maternal serum SCUBE1 levels and Doppler findings. Results: The study group consisted of thirty-two preeclamptic patients, and the control group consisted of thirty-two uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Maternal serum SCUBE1 and IMA levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic women compared to the control group (p < 0.000, p < 0.004, respectively). Mean UtA-PI values and fetal UA-PI values were significantly higher in preeclamptic pregnant women compared to the control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). However, the average CPR was significantly lower in pregnant women with preeclampsia (p < 0.05). While no significant correlation was found between maternal serum SCUBE1 levels and UA-PI and CPR (p > 0.05, p > 0.05, respectively), a significant correlation was found between right and left UtA-PI (p < 0.004, p < 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: The maternal serum SCUBE1 level is increased in patients with preeclampsia, and this increase is significantly correlated with the maternal uterine artery pulsatility index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease in childhood. Interleukin 17 (IL17) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that has an important role in the pathogenesis of many skin diseases including AD. Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is an indicator of oxidative stress, inflammation and ischemia. The aim of the study was to assess the IL-17 and IMA serum levels in the children patients with AD in comparison to a control group. Additionally, the study seeks to examine the correlation between these biomarkers and their association with disease severity, disease stages, and other clinical characteristics. Methods: The case-control study enrolled two groups: (patient group: 50 children with AD) and (control group: 50 healthy age and sex-matched children). Full history was taken from all cases along with full dermatologic examination. The assessment of AD severity was conducted by using Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). Evaluation of IL-17 and IMA was performed by using ELISA technique. Results: There was a statistically significant elevation in the mean levels of IL-17 and IMA in patients with AD compared to the control group. A strong positive correlation was observed between IL-17 and IMA levels. Additionally, both IL-17 and IMA levels exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation with the duration of the disease and the age of the patients. Conclusion: The elevated serum levels of IL17 and IMA and their positive correlation confirm that AD is a systemic inflammatory disease influenced and associated with increased oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality after ischemic heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of silent ischemia in carotid stenosis without acute clinical symptoms by checking ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level before and 14 days after sten-ting. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients who applied to our clinic and did not have acute ischemic stroke findings were included in the study. Patients with diseases that caused an increase in ischemia-modified albumin levels were excluded. Samples taken from the patients before and after stenting were centrifuged and stored. All samples were studied on the same day. Results: Thirty-two patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 66.96±11.27 years. No significant difference was found in IMA levels between patients over 70 and under 70 years of age (p>0.05). It was found that the IMA level before carotid stenting (43.94±20.18) was significantly higher than the IMA level after stenting (22.00±11.34) (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that there is a silent ischemic process in carotid stenosis even in the absence of clinical findings and that IMA can be used as a non-invasive marker of silent cerebral ischemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is produced during ischemia and reactive oxygen species production. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IMA and mortality in a larger population and the prognostic value of the combination of IMA and lactate for predicting mortality in septic shock patients in the emergency department. This retrospective observational study included adult septic shock patients between October 2019 and December 2021. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was performed. IMA was significantly higher in the non-surviving group than in the surviving group (89.1 ± 7.2 vs. 83.8 ± 6.2 U/mL, p < 0.001). IMA was independently associated with 28-day mortality after adjustments (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.075, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.016–1.138, p = 0.012). The area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of IMA was 0.712 (95% CI: 0.648–0.775, p < 0.001) and was comparable to that of lactate. The AUROC of the combination of IMA and lactate was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.786–0.889, p < 0.001). The group with both high lactate and high IMA levels showed an extremely high risk of mortality than other groups (86.1%; aHR 8.956, 95% CI 4.071–19.70, p < 0.001). The elevation of IMA was associated with mortality in septic shock patients. The combination of IMA and lactate can be a helpful tool for early risk stratification of septic shock patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome is a critical respiratory illness that affects premature newborns and can lead to very severe, unfavorable consequences as a result of hypoxia, Aim: To assess the relationship between Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) and the prognosis of RDS in preterm patients, Patients and methods: This was prospective case control study performed on 90 newborn infants in the NICU of Al-Zahra University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, and Tala General Hospital in Menoufia governorate from November 2020 to November 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: Preterm group (n=45, GA=36 weeks) and full term group (n=45, GA>36 weeks). They followed up by clinical examination and laboratory investigational study until their outcome either discharge either death. Results: IMA was significantly higher among patients who needed mechanical ventilation. Duration of mechanical ventilation correlated positively with IMA levels, with statistical significance difference. Increased IMA levels were associated with an increased total hospital stay duration. Regarding outcome, IMA levels were significantly higher among patients who died, with a statistically significant difference. At a cut-off value equal to 222.8, IMA had 100% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity to predict a poor outcome for pre-term infants with respiratory distress, Conclusion: Ischemia-modified albumin could be used as a diagnostic modality for respiratory distress syndrome among premature neonates with high reliability and reproducibility. It could also be utilized as a predictor of disease outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The liver synthesizes albumin, a pivotal protein with approximately 60-65% of total plasma proteins. During ischemic attacks linked to oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, and acidosis, the properties of albumin undergo alterations. This leads to generation of ischemia-modified albumin, which is characterized by a diminished metal-binding capacity, particularly for transition metals like copper, nickel, and cobalt. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the significance of serum albumin and ischemia-modified albumin concentrations in Iraqi individuals with hepatitis B virus Methods: A case control study consisted of 50 patients with hepatitis B were recruited from Gastroenterology hospital in the Medical city/ Baghdad/ Iraq, during the period January to February in 2023, The patients group included males and females; whose ages ranged from 18 years to 77 years with a mean value 44 year. Meanwhile the study group consisted of 50 age- and sex-matched normal healthy individuals. Albumin concentration was determined in the serum samples, using a Biosystems kit, and ischemia modified albumin concentration were measured through the albumin cobalt binding test. The ischemia modified albumin/ [albumin] ratio and Ischemia modified albumin index were then calculated. Statistical Analysis: results were reported as a mean value ± standard deviation. The differences were considered highly significant if (p < (0.001), and significant where (p = (0.002) and (p = (0.033) Results: lower serum albumin concentration was measured in the patients group, while the mean value of ischemia modified albumin concentration in the patients' group and healthy control were 0.466 ± 0.114 absorbance unit & 0.395 ± 0.070 absorbance unit, respectively, with a statistically significant increase (P < 0.001). The ischemia modified albumin ratio in the hepatitis B patients and control groups were 0.172 ± 0.073 and 0.117 ± 0.050, respectively, showing a significant increase as well (P < 0.001). Additionally, the ischemia modified albumin index in the patients and the control groups were 0.491 ± 0.167 & 0.390 ± 0.131, respectively, with a statically significant increase (p

The objective of this research was to explore the link between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and alterations in ischemia modified albumin (IMA), thiol, and disulfide levels, with a focus on their potential clinical implications.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA), galectin-3 (Gal-3) and sudden cardiac death after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: 205 patients with acute STEMI complicated with HFpEF who underwent PCI were followed up for 1 year, 45 patients with sudden cardiac death were included in the study group, and 160 patients without sudden cardiac death were included in the control group during the follow-up period. The levels of serum IMA and Gal-3 before PCI were compared between two groups. The influencing factors of sudden cardiac death after PCI were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with control group, the levels of serum IMA and Gal-3 in study group before PCI were higher (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, elevated preoperative serum IMA level, elevated Gal-3 level, multi-vessel disease, and cardiac function Killip grade IV were independent risk factors for sudden cardiac death in patients with acute STEMI complicated with HFpEF after PCI (P<0.05). Conclusion: Elevated serum IMA and Gal-3 levels are risk factors for sudden cardiac death in patients with acute STEMI complicated with HFpEF after PCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition that needs primary care. It is increased with age and is more prevalent in females. Hypothyroidism is diagnosed biochemically, being overt primary hypothyroidism defined as serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations above and thyroxin concentrations below the normal reference range. Methods: For this purpose, 180 subjects (40 control groups and 70 patients with hypothyroidism underwent treatment for 3 months) were selected for the study. The study materials were registered from the laboratories in Kirkuk city. Results: The results are summarized in the following points: zinc-α2-glycoprotein was highly significantly increased (p<0.001) in hypothyroid patients compared to the control group, according to before and after treatment. Serum Level of Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) was non significantly difference (0.852) in hypothyroid patients compared to the control group, according to before and after treatment. Serum Level of Human TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) in Women was significantly difference (0.0001 significant) in hypothyroid patients compared to the control group, according to before and after treatment. The parameters of Thyroid hormones TSH, T3 and T4 were highly significantly increased (p<0.001) in the serum of hypothyroid patients compared to the control group, according to before and after treatment. Conclusions: Zinc-α2-glycoprotein levels were significantly higher in patients with hypothyroidism, and no significant differences in IMA levels before and after treatment with levothyroxine in hypothyroid patients, indicating that the differences in IMA levels were due to hypothyroidism itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• IMA levels higher in COVID-19 patients than controls. • IMA associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 cases. • No association of severe respiratory failure or ICU admission by IMA. • IMA elevated in COVID-19 patients with AKI on admission. Patients with COVID-19 can rapidly deteriorate and develop acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Prominent features of the disease include severe inflammation, endotheliitis, and thrombosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic effectiveness of ischemia modified albumin (ΙΜΑ) in a cohort of COVID-19 patients. This prospective observational study included adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, who were hospitalized specifically for COVID-19. The outcomes of interest were progression to severe acute respiratory failure during the index hospitalization defined as partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen lower or equal to 150, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and in-hospital mortality. Admission IMA levels were determined using the commercially available "IMA Assay Kit" method (Abbexa LTD, Cambridge, UK). Adults without SARS-CoV-2 infection were used as controls. 135 COVID-19 patients and 64 controls were included. Admission IMA levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared to controls [[24.38 (11.94) ng/ml vs. 14.69 (3.52) ng/ml, p < 0.01]. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of admission IMA showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 94% (p < 0.0001) for COVID-19 diagnosis (cut-off value: 17.5 ng/ml; sensitivity: 90.37%; specificity: 87.5%). Admission IMA was also associated with mortality (AUC: 68%, p = 0.01). However, it was not associated with severe acute respiratory failure (AUC: 47%, p = 0.53) or ICU admission (AUC: 58%, p = 0.41). Admission IMA was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients and was associated with in-hospital mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Maternal vascular hypoperfusion is the most common cause of fetal growth restrict ion. Maternal oxidative status features are identifiable on placental pathology, and antepartum diagnostic methods are rapidly evolving. The current study was constructed to determine the maternal oxidative status by measuring serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in pregnancies complicated with idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The current study was designed as a descriptive and cohort trial. A total of 87 pregnant women; 45 healthy controls and 42 pregnancies complicated with idiopathic IUGR were included to the study population. Maternal serum IMA concentration was measured prior to the administration of any medication. The perinatal outcomes of patie nts were also recorded. Maternal serum IMA concentration in pregnancies complicated by idiopathic IUGR was higher than in healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the groups (0.54±0.04 versus 0.55±0.06 ABSU, p: 0.314). IUGR is a significant pregnancy complication. Elevated oxidative stress which leads to an ischemic microenvironment is associated with IUGR. Maternal serum IMA which is a possible marker for oxidative stress is not increase in pregnancies complicated with idiopathic IUGR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective The serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA), biglycan, and decorin levels of pregnant women who were hospitalized for threatened preterm labor were measured. Methods Fifty-one consecutive pregnant women with a single pregnancy between the 24th and 36th weeks with a diagnosis of threatened preterm labor were included in the present prospective cohort study. Results As a result of multivariate logistic regression analysis for predicting preterm delivery within 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days, 14 days, ≤ 35 gestational weeks, and ≤ 37 gestational weeks after admission, area under the curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval [CI[) values were 0.95 (0.89–1.00), 0.93 (0.86–0.99), 0.91 (0.83–0.98), 0.92 (0.85–0.99), 0.82 (0.69–0.96), and 0.89 (0.80–0.98), respectively. In the present study, IMA and biglycan levels were found to be higher and decorin levels lower in women admitted to the hospital with threatened preterm labor and who gave preterm birth within 48 hours compared with those who gave birth after 48 hours. Conclusion In pregnant women admitted to the hospital with threatened preterm labor, the prediction preterm delivery of the combined model created by adding IMA, decorin, and biglycan in addition to the TVS CL measurement was higher than the TVS CL measurement alone. Clinical trial registration The present trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04451928.

Monitoring biomarkers related to inflammation and oxidative stress is critical in dogs because parvovirus causes both inflammatory and antioxidant alterations. The aim of this study was to investigate inflammatory and antioxidant changes caused by canine parvoviral enteritis to better understand the oxidative stress process related to this disease. Thus, the total thiol, native thiol, disulfide, and ischemia-modified albumin levels of Canine parvovirus infected symptomatic puppies and healthy puppies were examined. Using the results of complete blood counts, the blood serum thiol-disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels of the puppies with Canine parvoviral enteritis (n = 65) and the healthy puppies (n = 34) were compared. Canine parvoviral enteritis and control groups showed a statistically significant difference in thiol disulfide levels (p < 0.01), while no significant difference was observed in ischemia modified albumin levels between the two groups. As a result of this study, a picture contradictory to the literature information was discovered; it is believed that integrating research on oxidative stress at various stages of disease progression, including the early stage, clinical period and recovery processes may provide more information about the dynamics of oxidative stress during disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is considered a marker of oxidative stress and ischemia. Objectives: In this study, we aimed at establishing an association between IMA and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Patients and methods: One hundred individual participated in the study.70 T2DM patients, 35 in group A had DN, 35 in group B without DN and 30 healthy individuals, group C as a control group. We used urinary microalbuminuria test and urinary albumin creatinine ratio for assessment of diabetic nephropathy. Results: plasma levels of IMA were higher in T2DM with DN (122.47±7.23) u/ml than in T2DM without DN(79.60±7.76) u/mlwho were higher than the control group (41.79±1.54)u/ml, p 110.5 u/ml (sensitivity=100%, specificity=94.4%, PPV=87.9% NPP=100%). Conclusion: The ischemia modified albumin levels were significantly higher and positively associated with the duration of diabetes, RBS and HbA1c levels in T2DM patients with nephropathy. IMA could be used as a risk marker for Type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is produced during ischemia and reactive oxygen species production. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IMA and mortality in a larger population and the prognostic value of the combination of IMA and lactate for predicting mortality in septic shock patients in the emergency department. This retrospective observational study included adult septic shock patients between October 2019 and December 2021. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was performed. IMA was significantly higher in the non-surviving group than in the surviving group (89.1 ± 7.2 vs. 83.8 ± 6.2 U/mL, p < 0.001). IMA was independently associated with 28-day mortality after adjustments (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.075, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.016–1.138, p = 0.012). The area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of IMA was 0.712 (95% CI: 0.648–0.775, p < 0.001) and was comparable to that of lactate. The AUROC of the combination of IMA and lactate was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.786–0.889, p < 0.001). The group with both high lactate and high IMA levels showed an extremely high risk of mortality than other groups (86.1%; aHR 8.956, 95% CI 4.071–19.70, p < 0.001). The elevation of IMA was associated with mortality in septic shock patients. The combination of IMA and lactate can be a helpful tool for early risk stratification of septic shock patients.

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoimmune disease with periodic fever attacks recurring with mutations in the MEFV gene and chronic inflammation. The new molecule which is formed as a result of the chemical changes made by oxidative free radicals in the albumin molecule during ischemic events is called ischemia modified albumin (IMA). Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the IMA levels as a predictor of the cardiovascular risk factor in FMF patients in the attack-free period and to evaluate the relationship between IMA and inflammation markers. Methods: Forty FMF patients without any additional disease, non-smokers, and in their attacks-free period, 40 ankylosing spondylitis patients whose disease activity criteria is less than 4 from Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and 39 healthy adults were included in the cross-sectional analytical research. Results: The value of IMA was statistically significantly higher in the AS group compared to the control group (p = 0.01). The positive correlations between IMA and ESR, LDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride, CRP, and fibrinogen were statistically significantly determined in FMF patients (respectively; r = 0.594; p < 0.001, r = 0.382; p = 0.015, r = 0.335; p = 0.034, r = 0.363; p = 0.021, r = 0.597; p < 0.001, r = 0.656; p < 0.001). The positive correlations between IMA and ESR, CRP were found in AS patients (respectively; r = 0.383; p = 0.015, r = 0.382; p = 0.015). Conclusion: IMA can be used as a predictor similar to cardiovascular risk factors and it is a precious marker for inflammation. The use of IMA in these fields and the multi-centred and comparative studies about predictability of it may contribute to science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) rises promptly after an ischemic event and stays elevated for several hours. However, a knowledge gap still exists in terms of the association between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and IMA levels. Objective: The purpose of this study is to ascertain any potential relationships between cord blood IMA levels and IUGR in preterm newborns with or without complex gestations, Methods: A prospective case-control study included 80 mothers of preterm neonates (<37 gestational weeks). Based on antenatal ultrasound findings, eligible women were divided into two groups: case group including the women diagnosed antenatally with IUGR, and control group including women with normal fetal development. The analysis and quantification of the IMA levels was done using a double-antibody sandwich ELISA kit Results: The albumin level was significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group (3.18 ± 0.28 versus 3.88 ± 0.49; p <0.001), while the IMA level was significantly higher in the case group compared to the other group (145 (97.5 - 210) versus 40 (25-90); p <0.001). At a cut-off point of ≤ 3.4, the albumin had an AUC of 0.993, a sensitivity of 95%, and a specificity of 87.5% for differentiating IUGR. While the cut-off point of IMA of >50 had an AUC of 0.850, a sensitivity of 92.5%, and a specificity of 67.5% for prediction of IUGR. Conclusion: The levels of IMA and albumin in the cord blood have a strong correlation with the IUGR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children are significantly more likely to be malnourished due to their special nutritional needs for growth. Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) is a new marker of ischemia that occurs when serum albumin comes in contact with the heart's ischemic tissues. IMA has been used to measure several acute conditions but has never been used to measure acute malnutrition in children. This study aims to examine albumin and IMA in malnourished children to see if they can be used as markers of malnutrition in children. Materials and Methods: 84 children were examined (41 boys and 43 girls, mean age (SD): 6.18 (3.89); range: 0.92-16.75 years) who were referred to the hospital from 20 October to May 20, 2020. A physician performed nutrition examinations on children. BMI of less than 18.5 was considered malnourished children. The hypothesis of the normality of variables was accepted with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. To study the difference in variables means at groups, the T-test and Phi-Correlation were used. The ANCOVA was used to study the relationship between variables and Albumin and IMA values at different levels. Results: The amount of albumin in the study group ranged from 4.10 to 5.15 (mean ± SD 4.82± 0.17), and the IMA range in the study group was 0.56 to 1.25 (mean ± SD 0.74± 0.13). The amount of albumin in the control group ranged from 4.19 to 5.19 (mean ± SD 4.83± 0.18), and the IMA range in the control group was 0.44 to 1.11 (mean ± SD 0.67± 0.13). No significant difference was observed between the albumin values (p-value = 0.752) between malnourished and healthy children. However, the IMA level in malnourished children was significantly higher (p-value = 0.19) than in healthy children. Conclusions: Although albumin was not significantly different between the two groups, the IMA of malnourished children was significantly higher than that of healthy children. This result means that IMA can be used as a marker for malnutrition in children. This study is a preliminary study showing that IMA can be used as a malnutrition marker in children with malnutrition and we believe that it will contribute to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Iron is an element, which is found in the structure of antioxidant enzymes and has an important role in the inactivation of reactive oxygen species. Disruption of oxidant-antioxidant balance may be playing a role in the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis (DTDH) and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels are important indicators of pro-oxidant/antioxidant status. In this study, we aimed to evaluate DTDH parameters and serum IMA levels in children with newly diagnosed IDA, who did not receive iron therapy. Material and Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with IDA and 33 healthy age- and sex-matched control patients were included in the study. DTDH parameters and IMA levels of the patients and control groups were measured. The same parameters were also compared in patients with Hb<7 g/dl (profound IDA) (n:14/50, 28%) and Hb≥7 g/dl (mild- moderate IDA) (n: 36/50, 72%) in the IDA group. The relationship between DTDH parameters in these groups were investigated. Results: Native thiol, total thiol, native thiol/total thiol levels, constituting antioxidant capacity indicators, were found to be significantly lower in IDA patients; while oxidant disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, and IMA levels were found to be statistically higher compared to those in the control group (p<0.050). When DTDH parameters and IMA levels were examined; there was a positive correlation between antioxidant parameters and a negative correlation between oxidative parameters with hemoglobin and ferritin levels (p<0.050). Also, oxidative parameters were found to be much higher in profound IDA group than in the group with Hb>7 g/dl (p<0.050). Conclusion: In this study, increase in serum disulfide and IMA levels with the decrease in serum native thiol and total thiol levels indicated oxidative stress in IDA patients before treatment, compared to the control group. Evaluation of these indicators in children is important in predicting the toxicity due to IDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis (TDH) parameters and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in calves with neonatal diarrhea and compare with healthy controls. A total of 50 calves were included in the study. There were 25 calves in both diarrhea and healthy groups. Serum native thiol, total thiol, disulfide and IMA levels were measured using new methods. Native thiol (P=0.025) and total thiol (P=0.041) values decreased significantly in calves with neonatal diarrhea compared to the healthy control group. Disulphide (P= 0.133), disulphide/native thiol ratio (P=0.001) and IMA (P=0.0018) parameters were lower in healthy group, and the difference between the two groups was significant for the parameters other than disulphide. This study shows that TDH is impaired in neonatal calf diarrhea and IMA levels are increased due to oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Clinical manifestations range from subclinical infection to severe manifestations of focal or systemic disease septic shock. A suitable, economic, sensitive and specific endogenous marker is crucially needed to detect sepsis at an early stage. Objectives: We aimed to identify whether ischemia modified albumin (IMA) level can be used as a marker in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and evaluate its prognostic significance. Methods: A case control study was conducted on 36 newborn babies (18 with neonatal sepsis and 18 without sepsis based on blood culture). Babies were subjected to full medical history, thorough clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations according to our local standards. Serum ischemia modified albumin was measured and correlated to clinical symptoms and prognosis. Results: There was a significant difference between sepsis group and control group as regards mean serum IMA level (103.7± 31.82 versus 85.36 ± 14.07 ng/ml) with positive predictive value 80% and negative predictive value 65%. Conclusion: We concluded that IMA seems to be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hashimoto thyroiditis is a common cause of goiter and acquired hypothyroidism in individuals residing in areas of no iodine deficiency. The fact that the structure of serum albumin exhibits changes in ischemic conditions has paved the way for the discovery of a new serum cardiac ischemia marker, Ischemia Modified Albumin. The other one, thiol/disulphide homeostasis, plays an important part in antioxidative protection, detoxification, cell growth, and apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate both the relationship between Thiol/Disulphide homeostasis and Ischemia Modified Albumin in patients diagnosed with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. A total of 70 Hashimoto’’s thyroiditis patients and 50 healthy ones were included in this study. Age, gender, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (TG) levels were recorded. Ischemia Modified Albumin and thiol-disulphid homeostasis parameters were measured through automated spectrophotometric methods. The ages of individuals included in the study ranged from 35 to 58 years. The native thiol/total thiol were found to be significantly lower in Hashimoto patients when compared to those enrolled in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the Ischemia Modified Albumin, disulphide, native thiol, total thiol, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol were found to be significantly higher in Hashimoto patients when compared to those in the control (P < 0.05). Increased Ischemia Modified Albumin, native and total thiol, and disulphide levels are related to increased oxidative stress. Although Ischemia Modified Albumin and Thiol-disulphide defense are important oxidative indicators in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, many determinants are known to be involved in this process.

Objective: The association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness, which is a determinant of endothelial dysfunction, and acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been investigated. Our aim in this study was to investigate the association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness, IMA, MPO levels and acute kidney injury. Material and Method: Seventy four AKI and 74 non-AKI cases in our intensive care units were included in the study. Furthermore, age, BMI, creatinine, e-GFR, CRP levels and APACHE II scores of each case were recorded. Results: There was no significant relationship between hypovitaminosis D and epicardial adipose tissue thickness (p >0.05). As E-GFR values increased, epicardial adipose tissue values decreased, and when E-GFR increased by one unit, epicardial adipose tissue thickness values decreased by 0.027 unit (p <0.001). As albumin levels increased, epicardial adipose tissue thickness values decreased, and when albumin increased by one unit, epicardial adipose tissue thickness values decreased by 0.706 unit (p =0.010). As the E-GFR values increased, the IMA values decreased, and when the E-GFR increased by one unit, the epicardial adipose tissue thickness values decreased by 0.001 unit (p =0.040). Conclusion: Epicardial adipose tissue thickness, which is a determinant of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque formation, can be safely used as a simple non-invasive determinant in AKI follow-up. Similarly, it may be assumed that both IMA and MPO are reliable biomarkers in the follow-up of AKI. Measuring epicardial adipose tissue thickness in the follow-up of AKI cases will be a rational and practical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute stroke is one of the important causes of death and disability around the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of acute stroke. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a novel biomarker Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) in diagnosing the cases of stroke in diabetic and non diabetic patients along with albumin adjusted Ischemia Modified Albumin index, a modification to IMA values as suggested by few authors. Materials and method: This study included 30 patients of diabetic stroke, 30 non-diabetic stroke patients along with 30 healthy volunteers serving as controls. IMA was estimated using Albumin cobalt binding test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for IMA and albumin adjusted IMA index separately in 'diabetic stroke' and 'non-diabetic stroke' patients group and measures of diagnostic efficacy were calculated. Results: Area under the curve (AUC) of serum IMA was 0.968 in 'diabetic stroke' group as compared to 0.917 in 'non-diabetic stroke' group. The AUC of albumin adjusted IMA index was 0.800 in 'diabetic stroke' group as compared to 0.811 in 'non-diabetic stroke' group. All the measures of diagnostic efficacy of albumin adjusted IMA index were much lower as compared with that of serum IMA. Conclusion: Albumin adjusted IMA index is not a better marker for diagnosis of stroke in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients as compared to serum IMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Among one of the common hereditary causes of chronic kidney disease is autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and its incidence rate is reported as one between 500 and 1.000 individuals. The most common complications of ADPKD are hypertension (HT) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HT occurring in the early stage of ADPKD leads to deteriorations in renal function. Aims: It was aimed to investigate the ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels and the effect of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers on serum IMA levels in patients with ADPKD. Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients were included as ADPKD (n = 50), HT (n = 35), and healthy control (HC) groups (n = 30). Patients with ADPKD and HT were divided into two subgroups as RAAS blocker-users and non-users. Results: Serum IMA levels were detected as 0.42 (0.17–0.80) in ADPKD and 0.28 (0.04–0.51) in HT and 0.36 (0.22–0.56) in HC groups as absorbance units (ABSU), and the highest serum IMA level was seen in Group ADPKD. Serum IMA levels were 0.33 ± 0.14 in RAAS blocker-users and 0.41 ± 0.11 ABSU in non-users with ADPKD. Serum IMA levels were witnessed to be significantly lower in RAAS blocker-users in Groups ADPKD (p = 0.038) and HT (p = 0.004), compared to non-users. Given basal and 6-month values of those with ADPKD, the levels of serum IMA within 6 months were significantly lower (p = 0.002). Conclusions: We consider that serum IM levels should be assessed in oxidative stress (OS)-related conditions, such as ADPKD, and RAAS blockers may be effective in reducing serum IMA levels in ADPKD and HT patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA), sialic acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) are the most frequently used biomarker of oxidative stress in many health problems. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores in the cupping blood of the interscapular region in women with headache, low back pain, and backache. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 96 women between the ages of 18-55. Participants were divided into three groups according to complaints of backache (30 women, group 1), low back pain (31 women, group 2) and headache (35 women, group 3). IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels were measured spectrophotometrically in the cupping blood of the interscapular region. Results: There was no significant difference between IMA, sialic acid and MDA levels in the cupping blood of the interscapular region of groups. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MDA levels of group 1, group 2 and group 3 and VAS values (p <0.01). In addition, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between sialic acid levels and VAS values of group 1 and group 3 (p <0.01). In addition, statistically significant positive correlation was found between IMA levels and VAS values of group 3 (p <0.01). Conclusion: Our study was the first study in the literature investigating the MDA, IMA and sialic acid levels in the cupping blood in the differential diagnosis of different region pain types. The levels of these parameters were not found to be different in distinguishing different region etiologies of pain in the obtained findings. However, according to our VAS scores, there was a decrease the pain of the patients after cupping therapy and the relationship between these values and oxidative parameters was also determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic condition that develops during pregnancy and is associated with complications. This studies aim was to evaluate and measure the oxidative stress markers and antioxidants levels in women with gestational diabetes and compare them with healthy pregnant women. There were 77 pregnant women who participated in this case-control study. Forty female patients diagnosed with GDM participated in the study as the case group and 37 healthy women as the control group. All biochemical analyzes (IMA, MDA, GSH, CAT) were performed using the spectrophotometric method. When comparing the two groups, the patients group's serum IMA levels (1.531±0.407 AbsU) were higher than those of the control group's (0.863 ±0.092 AbsU) (p<0.001). Similarly, the patient group's MDA levels (1.769 ±0.357 μmol/L) were higher than the control group's (1.025 ±0.018 μmol/L) (p<0.001). Conversly, the patient group's GSH levels (0.023 ±0.014 mmol/g) were lower than those of the control group's (0.186 ±0.012 mmol/g) (p<0.001). This study als o found that both groups' CAT activity levels had no significant statistical difference (GDM -0.072±0.019 and Control-0.075±0.013 U/L) (p<0.395). These results suggest that while the oxidative stress increased, the antioxidant defense levels decreased in women with GDM. It is recommended that patients with GDM are strictly monitored throughout pregnancy, which may help in the management of oxidative stress together with glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rather common cardiovascular disorder constituting one of the major manifestations of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It is associated with high mortality and substantial recurrence rates, and its diagnosis may be challenging, especially in patients with respiratory comorbidities. Therefore, providing a prompt and accurate diagnosis for PE through developing highly sensitive and specific diagnostic algorithms would be of paramount importance. There is sound evidence supporting the use of biomarkers to enhance the diagnosis and predict the recurrence risk in patients with PE. Therefore, several novel biomarkers, such as factor VIII, Ischemia Modified Albumin, and fibrinogen, as well as several MicroRNAs and microparticles, have been investigated for the diagnosis of this clinical entity. The present review targets to comprehensively present the literature regarding the novel diagnostic biomarkers for PE, as well as to discuss the evidence for their use in daily routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the effect of epilepsy on cord blood oxidative stress status. Thirty (n = 30) pregnant women with epilepsy and thirty (n = 30) healthy controls enrolled in this case control study. Albumin and IMA values and dynamic thiol/disulfide parameters were measured. Decreased native thiol and total thiol levels were found in the epilepsy group when compared to the control group (p: 0.001, p: 0.002). Higher IMA (p: 0.036) and lower albumin cord levels (P < 0.001) were measured in the epilepsy group with respect to the control group. Apgar scores at 1 and 5 miutes were lower in the epilepsy group (respectively; p = 0.012, p = 0.010). A negative correlation was found between IMA and cord pH value (r = 0.288 p = 0.034). This study showed that epilepsy may alter thiol disulfide homeostasis and IMA levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explain the altered oxidative status and thiol/disulfide homeostasis before and after surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

INTRODUCTION: The thiol-disulphide (TDH) homeostasis was investigated in a number of disorders. The aim of the present study is to investigate the dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis in patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice and to compare the dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis with ischemia-modified albumin. METHODS: A total of 146 participants who were admitted to the emergency department and who consisted of 69 patients and 77 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Detailed blood samples were obtained from the patients at the time of admission. Thiol/disulphide levels were examined using a brand-new method developed by Erel and Neselioglu on the patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice during the admission. Data were evaluated in the computer system. RESULTS: The levels of total thiol (p =0.025) and native thiol (p =0.023) were statistically significantly lower in the patient with obstructive jaundice than in the control group. It was observed that there was a significant negative correlation between the native thiol levels and the ALP (r =-0.262, p

Aim: This study aimed to investigate to usability of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and IMA/albumin ratio (IMAR) values in the follow-up of ALF patients. King College criteria (KCC) and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score are the most commonly used criteria in the follow-up of patients with acute liver failure (ALF). However, these criteria cannot always predict prognosis and the need for liver transplantation (LT). Materials and Methods: IMA and IMAR values of 23 ALF patients and 43 healthy volunteers were measured. Then IMA and IMAR values were compared with KCC and MELD score to predict LT requirement and prognosis in ALF patients. Results: IMA and IMAR values were significantly higher in ALF patients compared healthy volunteers (p=0.001, p=0.001; respectively). IMA and IMAR values predicted LT requirement in ALF patients such as KCC and MELD (=30) score (p=0.006, p=0.04, p=0.001, p=0.03; respectively). IMA values were found to better than KCC in predicting mortality (p=0.008, p=0.02; respectively). MELD (=30) score failed to predict mortality (p=0.44). Conclusion: IMA and IMAR values can be used as diagnostic biomarkers in ALF patients. IMA is a better prognostic biomarker in the follow-up of ALF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim: Oxidative stress is known to increase in patients receiving anesthesia before undergoing surgery. Since newborns are more sensitive to oxygen-free radicals, the effects and characteristics of anesthesia methods that are used for pregnant women require analysis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on oxidative stress by investigating thiol disulfide and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) concentrations in the cord blood of patients undergoing cesarean section (Csection) via spinal or general anesthesia. Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study included 60 patients who were indicated for elective cesarean section. Patients with chronic disease, pregnancy complications and/or required emergency cesareans were not included. Group 1 (n = 30) underwent general anesthesia, and Group 2 (n = 30) underwent spinal anesthesia during their C-sections. Thiol-disulfide levels were evaluated concurrently in all blood samples taken from the umbilical artery remaining on the placental side. Results: The mean age (SD) of the mothers was 30.6 (4.4) years and the mean gestational age (SD) was 39.0 (0.9) weeks. Gestational age, birth weight, and first and fifth min Apgar scores of the two groups were similar. The mean (SD) native thiol (362.4 [63.8]; 323.2 [45.8]), total thiol (409.6 [70.2]; 363.5 [46.1]), and disulfide values (23.6 (5.4); 20.2 (4.3)) were significantly higher in group 1 than group 2, while the median (interquartile range [IQR]) values of IMA (0.89 (0.85-max 0.92); 0.85 (min 0.82-max 0.879) were significantly higher in group 2 than group 1 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: As general anesthesia may cause a higher degree of oxidative stress, selecting the appropriate anesthetic technique may be especially important for risky pregnancies in which increased oxidative stress in the mother and baby may be critical for the outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coronary ischemia can lead to myocardial damage and necrosis. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases often includes increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defense. The study aimed to assess levels of ischemia modified albumin (IMA), malondialdehyde acid (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase in individuals diagnosed with ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI. Methods: The present study prospectively included 50 STEMI patients, 55 NSTEMI patients, and 55 healthy subjects. Only patients who were recently diagnosed with STEMI or NSTEMI were included in this study. IMA, MDA, SOD, and catalase activities were measured spectrophotometrically. Significant coronary artery lesions were determined by angiography. Results: Patients with ACS had significantly greater IMA and MDA values than the healthy controls (p

Objective: To evaluate the role of oxidative stress in endometriosis patients by determining dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels. Patients and Methods: This prospective case-controlled study was conducted at a tertiary gynecology clinic in Istanbul, Turkey. 86 patients previously diagnosed with endometriosis and persistent endometriomas were included in the study group. 60 patients who visited the clinic during the study period for routine gynecological control were included in the control group. Thiol/disulfide parameters and IMA levels were determined from the serum samples. Results: When the thiol/disulfide parameters were compared between the study and the control group no significant difference was observed (p=0.49). Mean disulfide level in the control group was 18.58 ± 5.73 µmol/L and in the study group was 18.61 ± 7.37 µmol/L. Levels were statistically similar in both groups (p=0.98). In addition, there were no differences between the groups in terms of IMA and albumin levels. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed no significant difference in the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis among the endometriosis patients. Although, it has been accepted as a potential oxidative stress marker in other chronic inflammatory diseases, its use in determining the systemic oxidative stress level in endometriosis patients is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective:Ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) has frequently been studied in recent years in ischaemia-based studies. In this study, IMA changes and postoperative pain were investigated in patients who underwent tourniquet and non-tourniquet knee arthroplasty, and the effect of the tourniquet on pain was investigated quantitatively.Methods:After obtaining institutional review board approval, 64 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were divided into two groups: tourniquet and non-tourniquet using the block randomisation technique. Blood was collected at the 15th minute and 24th hour postoperatively. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used by patients to evaluate their pain.Results:According to the results, a significant correlation was found between VAS scores and IMA levels in the blood taken at the postoperative 15th minute (p

Background and objective: This study aimed to differentiate acute myocardial infarction from unstable angina upon the onset of chest pain, by evaluating the usefulness of combined biomarkers troponin I, ischemia modified albumin, and heart-type fatty acid binding protein as early as possible. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University. This study included 73 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, who attended to the Emergency and /or Cardiac Care Unit departments of Hawler Teaching Hospital and Rojhalat Emergency Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, and who were diagnosed with either acute myocardial infarction (n=45) or unstable angina (n=28) between 12 May 2013 and 25 January 2014. Serum troponin I, heart-type fatty acid binding protein, and ischemia modified albumin were determined twice, at between 30 minutes and 4 hours, and between 6 and 12 hours after the onset of chest pain. Results: For diagnosing and differentiating between acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina, the sensitivity and specificity of serum troponin I cut-off value at (≤4) hours of chest pain was 53.3% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 97.8% and 96.4 at 6-12 hours after onset of chest pain. The sensitivity and specificity of heart-type fatty acid binding protein cut-off values at (≤4) hours was 48.9% and 100%, respectively, increasing to 84.4% and 100% at 6-12 hours. The combined use of serum troponin I and heart-type fatty acid binding protein enhanced sensitivity to 73.3% at the first interval, and 100% at the second. Conclusion: A combination of troponin I and heart-type fatty acid binding protein tests improves sensitivity in diagnosing and differentiating acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina within the first 4 hours of chest pain.

Background Birth asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal mortality. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels may have a predictive role in the identification and prevention of hypoxic disorders, as they increase in cases of ischemia of the liver, heart, brain, bowel, and kidney. Purpose This study aimed to assess the value of IMA levels as a diagnostic marker for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods Sixty newborns who fulfilled 3 or more of the clinical and biochemical criteria and developed HIE as defined by Levene staging were included in our study as the asphyxia group. Neonates with congenital malformation, systemic infection, intrauterine growth retardation, low-birth weight, cardiac or hemolytic disease, family history of neurological diseases, congenital or perinatal infections, preeclampsia, diabetes, and renal diseases were excluded from the study. Sixty healthy neonates matched for gestational age and with no maternal history of illness, established respiration at birth, and an Apgar score ≥7 at 1 and 5 minutes were included as the control group. IMA was determined by double-antibody enzymelinked immunosorbent assay of a cord blood sample collected within 30 minutes after birth. Results Cord blood IMA levels were higher in asphyxiated newborns than in controls (250.83±36.07 pmol/mL vs. 120.24±38.9 pmol/mL). Comparison of IMA levels by HIE stage revealed a highly significant difference among them (207.3±26.65, 259.28±11.68, 294.99±4.41 pmol/mL for mild, moderate, and severe, respectively). At a cutoff of 197.6 pmol/mL, the sensitivity was 84.5%, specificity was 86%, positive predictive value was 82.8%, negative predictive value was 88.3%, and area under the curve was 0.963 (P

Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusive (CTO). Methods Coronary angiography was performed in the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017 to 08 to 2019–02 to identify 128 patients with CTO lesions in at least one major coronary artery. According to the Rentrop evaluation criteria, the degree of CCC formation was divided into the poor CCC formation group (Rentrop0–1 grade,n = 69) and the good CCC formation group (Rentrop2–3 grade,n = 59). The IMA level of the patients was measured using an albumin-cobalt binding assay. The general data, routine blood panel, total bilirubin (TBIL), blood lipids, uric acid (UA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and other indicators of the patients were recorded and analyzed while assessing the patients’ blood vessel occlusion. Results The proportion of platelet count and diabetes in the poor CCC group was higher than that in the good CCC group (P

Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate whether urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels could serve as early biomarkers of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with normal serum creatinine values who undergo coronary angiography (CAG).Methods:This study was conducted in 78 patients undergoing CAG. Urinary NGAL and serum IMA values which measured prior to and 6 hours after CAG were compared with creatinine values that measured prior to and 48 hours after CAG.Results:IMA and NGAL values obtained 6 hours after CAG differed significantly from those obtained at baseline. Statistically significant differences were found between the baseline and 6th-hour values of urinary NGAL and serum IMA (p

Abstract Objective Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA)is a modified type of albumin protein that is formed under oxidative stress. This study aims to compare the levels of serum IMA between normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies and to evaluate the relationship between the severity of the disease. Methods A total of 90 pregnant women aged between 18 and 45 years participated in this cross-sectional study. The levels of serum IMA were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 30 preeclamptic pregnant women with the severe signs of the disease, 30 preeclamptic pregnant women, and 30 normotensive pregnant women.. The study was designed as a cross-sectional clinical study. Results When the demographic characteristics were examined, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of age, gestational week at birth and blood pressure. Age was higher in the preeclampsia with signs of severity group than in the normotensive group (p = 0.033). Pregnancy week was significantly the lowest in the preeclampsia with the severity signs group (p = 0.004). In normotensive patients, IMA levels were lower than in the preeclampsia groups (p = 0.001) but there was no significant difference in terms of severity of disease (p = 0.191). According to laboratory data; only the creatinine level was significantly different between the groups. Conclusion The levels of serum IMA were higher in patients with preeclampsia than in healthy pregnancies. However, there was no significant correlation in terms of preeclampsia severity; more extensive, prospective and long-term studies are needed.

ObjectiveTo investigate the serum level of cystatin C (CysC), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease (LEASOD) and their correlation.MethodsFrom March 2017 to December 2019, 110 patients with T2DM with LEASOD, who were treated in our hospital, were selected as the observation group. One hundred ten healthy persons who received medical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum CysC, IMA, LP-PLA2, and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were detected in each group. According to the ABI index, the observation group was divided into three subgroups, namely, the mild group (n = 45), the moderate group (n = 42), and the severe group (n = 23). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 levels in patients with T2DM with LEASOD and their condition. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 levels in patients with T2DM with LEASOD.ResultsThe serum levels of CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum levels of CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 in the severe and the moderate group were higher than those in the mild group, and the serum levels of CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 in the severe group were higher than those in the moderate group (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 levels were all negatively correlated with ABI (r = −0.802, r = −0.757, r = −0.764, p < 0.001). The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum CysC in the diagnosis of T2DM with LEASOD was 0.806, and the best cut-off value was 1.74 mg/L. The AUC of serum IMA for diagnosis of T2DM with LEASOD was 0.772, and the best cut-off value was 92.58 g/L. The AUC of serum LP-PLA2 in the diagnosis of T2DM with LEASOD was 0.781, and the best cut-off value was 544.86 ng/L. The AUC of the three combined diagnoses of T2DM with LEASOD was 0.863.ConclusionSerum levels of CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 were increased in patients with T2DM with LEASOD. Serum CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 are closely related to the severity of the disease. The higher the serum levels of CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2, the more serious the degree of lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusion, which can be used as an important serum marker to monitor the severity of T2DM with LEASOD. The combined detection of serum CysC, IMA, and LP-PLA2 has good diagnostic value for patients with T2DM with LEASOD.

Objectives: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) may aid in the early detection and management of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this study, we examined the relationship between IMA and DR, and the effect of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) on IMA levels in patients with DR. Methods: This Quasi-experimental study was conducted from March-December 2018 at a Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Adult patients (age = 18 year) with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presenting to the Diabetic Clinic were categorized as control (Group-A n=30: DM without DR) or case (Group-B n=59: DM with DR). Patients in Group-B received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (anti-VEGF). Visual acuity, retinoscopy and serum IMA were recorded at baseline and at a 30-day follow-up for both groups. Results: A significant drop in IMA levels was seen one month after bevacizumab (IMA baseline: 1590.82±121.22 and follow up: 940.8±91.26; p<0.01) in Group-B subjects. Visual acuity (VA) of patient in Group-B also improved one month after bevacizumab injection in both eyes (p<0.001). Whereas, the IMA levels in Group-A showed an upward rising trend after one month (baseline 448.80±22.4ng/ml and follow up 522.21±33.15 ng/ml; p>0.05) indicating disease progression. Conclusion: Ischemia modified albumin may be used as an effective and novel screening biomarker for assessing oxidative stress associated with DR, and to quantify response to and prognosis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection for DR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a commonly seen chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs as scaly reddish-brown itchy patches on sebaceous, gland-rich areas of the scalp, face, and trunk. The relation between SD disease and serum IMA (Ischemia modified albumin) levels remains unknown. To investigate the potential role of serum IMA and corrected IMA levels in SD disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven participants who were diagnosed with SD disease and sixty-two healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in the study. Venous blood samples were collected from each participant, and serum IMA was measured spectrophotometrically using the albumin cobalt binding test. Results: The serum IMA and corrected IMA levels were statistically significant between the groups, and the levels of IMA and corrected IMA were measured as SD patients group 0.70, 0.70 and control group 0.52, 0.51 ABSU (absorbance units), respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, serum IMA and corrected IMA levels were statistically significant between male and female groups in terms of gender as 0.75 and 0.69 ABSU, respectively (p < 0.05). Serum albumin levels, age, and BMI (body mass index) were statistically insignificant between these groups. Conclusion: Our results show increased serum IMA and corrected IMA levels in patients with SD. Evaluation of IMA and corrected IMA levels in SD disease may contribute to diagnosis and prognosis. Further and comprehensive studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]