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Kinesiophobia, the fear of movement, can significantly impede an individuals ability to engage in daily activities. This fear often stems from past traumatic experiences or witnessing others in pain, leading to an increased fear of injury. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia among Iranian post-surgery patients. A methodological study conducted in 2023 involved a sample of 400 post-surgery patients selected through convenience sampling. The translated scale underwent psychometric evaluation, including network analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity, as well as assessments for convergent and discriminant validity. Internal consistency of the scale was also assessed. The mean age of the participants was 44.38 (SD = 13.49) years and the majority of them (77.8%) were women. Exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation identified two factors explaining 60.28% of the variance, comprising 17 items. The final model was confirmed after necessary adjustments in confirmatory factor analysis. Both convergent and discriminant validity were established, and alpha and omega coefficients of the subscales were above 0.7. The Persian version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia showed robust psychometric properties among Iranian post-surgery patients, serving as a valuable tool for evaluating and addressing kinesiophobia in this population. These findings enhance the understanding and management of kinesiophobia within the Iranian healthcare context.

Background: This study aimed to systematically search for relevant evidence on the management of kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery both home and abroad. The evidence was evaluated and integrated to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: According to the '6S' evidence pyramid model, evidence related to managing kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery were systematically searched from relevant domestic and foreign guideline websites and professional association websites and databases from the date of their establishment to December 31, 2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated by two master's students who had completed their professional training and assessment at the Evidence-based Nursing Center of Fudan University. These students also extracted and summarised the pertinent evidence that met the literature quality evaluation standards. Results: Sixteen studies were included, including two guidelines, three expert consensus, six systematic reviews, two meta-analyses, and threerandomizedcontrolled trials. A total of 20 pieces of evidence were formed in seven aspects: management principles, exercise guidance, pain management, psychological intervention, health education, social support, and follow-up management. Conclusions: The comprehensive evidence summarised in this study for managing kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery can provide resources for clinical translation. These insights can inform the development of kinesiophobia management plans to support the rapid recovery of patients after major surgery. Trial registration: This study was registered at the Center for Evidence-Based Nursing of Fudan University (registration number ES20245486). Clinical trial number: This study was registered at the Center for Evidence-Based Nursing of Fudan University (registration number ES20245486).This study is a summary of the best evidence and does not involve clinical trials and, therefore, no Clinical trial number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multimodal rehabilitation has shown good results in adults with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), but there is still doubt regarding the protocol's ideal format (face-to-face or online), and its effectiveness among adolescents. The purpose of this study is to describe a randomized clinical trial protocol of face-to-face and online multimodal rehabilitation, in adolescents with TMD, and to determine its effects on pain, peripheral oxygenation of the masseter muscle, and mandibular range of motion, kinesiophobia and parafunction. Methods: A randomized, controlled clinical trial, blinded to statistical analyses, will be carried out, involving 26 adolescents, diagnosed with TMD. After randomization, the participants will be allocated into two groups: (1) telerehabilitation and (2) face-to-face treatment groups. Each group will undergo an initial assessment, followed by three treatment sessions, reassessment, and follow-up. Appointments and reassessments will be face-to-face, with instruments validated and adapted for adolescent age groups. The intervention protocol also aims at practicality, ease of execution, and strategies for the patient to easily self-manage and perform independently, adapted for face-to-face or online formats. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, physical and psychosocial aspects, algometry, near-infrared spectroscopy, and the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia will be used to assess the outcomes. Discussion: It is expected that this study will contribute to online and face-to-face assessments and demonstrate the differences in the practice of rehabilitation of adolescents with TMD. Data will be published after the study is completed, and if the benefits are proven, care modalities may be implemented. Trial registration: REBEC—RBR-5scd5tm, UTN code: U1111-1288–4495. Registered on 19 May 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to kinesiophobia in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Purposive sampling was employed to conduct semi-structured interviews with 14 patients and 4 healthcare professionals who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, from May 2023 to June 2023. Data were coded, categorized, and thematically analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method. Results: The factors contributing to kinesiophobia in patients post-PCI were classified into four primary themes: heightened psychological stress, increased uncertainty regarding exercise, reduced self-efficacy, and inadequate support systems. Conclusion: Kinesiophobia in patients post-PCI hinders adherence to cardiac rehabilitation protocols. Early identification and analysis of the factors contributing to kinesiophobia can guide the development and implementation of effective intervention strategies. Clinical registration number: Not applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fear of movement in patients with traumatic hand–arm injuries can negatively affect functional outcomes. Therefore, it is important to evaluate fear of movement in this patient population. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in patients with traumatic hand–forearm injuries. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Hand rehabilitation unit in a university hospital. Participants: The study included 170 patients with traumatic hand–arm injuries and a mean age of 37.57 (11.85) years. Main measures: Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and pain severity rating (via Visual Analog Scale) were completed by interview in the first session. In addition, Modified Hand Injury Scoring System was used to determine severity of the injury. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia was re-administered 15 days after the first session. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia were evaluated. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was completed using baseline data. Results: Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.604, and test–retest reliability was acceptable (ICC = 0.646). Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia had a significant relationship with Beck Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.269, p < 0.001), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.457, p < 0.001) and pain severity at rest (r = 0.168, p = 0.029). Factor analysis estimated the scale represented five subsections in this population. Conclusions: Psychometric properties of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia were acceptable in patients with hand–forearm injuries. However, since our results were weaker than those in the literature, this should be considered when interpreting the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aquatic training is known for its effective and gentle rehabilitation benefits, but its impact on athletes with chronic ankle instability (CAI) remains underexplored. This study compares the effects of water-based and land-based balance training on functional performance, dynamic balance, fear of reinjury, and quality of life in athletes with CAI. Methods: Forty-one athletes with chronic ankle instability (CAI) were randomly assigned to water-based (WBBE, n = 21) or land-based (LBBE, n = 20) balance exercise groups, completing 24 sessions of 30–45 min over 8 weeks. Assessments before and after the interventions included functional ankle instability (CAIT), kinesiophobia (TSK-17), quality of life (SF-36), dynamic postural control (Y Balance Test), and functional performance (Figure-8 hop and single-limb side-hop tests). Perceived treatment effects were measured using the Global Rating of Change (GROC) post-intervention. Data were analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05). Results: The statistical analysis of the study revealed no significant time × group interaction effects for CAIT scores, kinesiophobia scores, the Psychological Quality of Life (QoL) Component, or SEBT scores (p > 0.05). The LBBE group showed significant improvements in functional tasks, specifically in F8H and SLSH scores, compared to the WBBE group (p < 0.05), while the WBBE group had better outcomes in overall Quality of Life and the Physical QoL Component than the LBBE group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both land-based and water-based balance exercises benefit athletes with CAI, with land-based exercises improving functional performance and water-based exercises enhancing physical and overall Quality of Life. A flexible rehabilitation program combining both approaches can optimize recovery, addressing specific needs, even though no significant differences were found in ankle stability, kinesiophobia, psychological Quality of Life, and dynamic balance between the two methods. Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry under Clinical Trials UMIN000051746 on July 29, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Kinesiophobia has a major health impact on patients with Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in their functional and physical activities, which leads to poor outcomes, loss of motivation, loss of mobility, and decreased quality of life. Despite the burden of kinesiophobia among MSDs, there is limited evidence about the burden of kinesiophobia in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and its associated factors of kinesiophobia among MSD patients attending physiotherapy outpatient clinics. Method: An institutional multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2023 with a sample size of 424. A systematic random sampling technique and face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire and chart review were used. The collected data was entered into Epi-data version 4.6.0.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the potential candidates for multivariable logistic regression with a p-value less than 0.25. Finally, multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed and variables at p < 0.05 with 95% CI were considered statistically significant contributors to kinesiophobia. Result: The overall prevalence of kinesiophobia among MSD patients was 48.3% (95% CI, 43.3–53.3). Being overweight and obese BMI value (AOR = 3.98; 95% CI, 2.17–7.29), having moderate pain level (AOR = 3.31; 95% CI, 1.51–7.26), having severe pain level (AOR = 9.29; 95% CI, 3.79–22.77), physical inactivity (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI = 1.84–4.89), anxiety (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.57–4.19), and depression (AOR = 8.21; 95% CI = 3.47–19.46) were significantly associated with kinesiophobia among musculoskeletal disorder patients. Conclusion: kinesiophobia is a public health burden among patients with MSDs. Nearly half of the people with MSDs had reported kinesiophobia. Being overweight and obese BMI value, pain severity level, physical inactivity, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with kinesiophobia. Thus, we suggest screening for kinesiophobia, be physically active, avoiding being overweight and obese, and managing depression, anxiety and pain will help to reduce the occurrence of kinesiophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute or chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects many individuals. When chronic, it can lead to disability, thus impacting a person's daily activities. The present study aimed to determine the effects of core stabilization exercises with conventional physiotherapy (CP) on pain, balance, kinesiophobia, and disability in patients with CLBP. Materials and Methods: The experimental study included 52 patients with CLBP who were divided into two groups (n = 26 each). Group A received core stabilization exercises with CP and group B received only CP. The intervention was given three times per week for four weeks. Pain, balance, kinesiophobia, and disability assessment were performed at baseline and after four weeks of the intervention. Results: Findings indicated that pain, balance, disability, and kinesiophobia were significantly improved in group A, which received core stabilization with CP (P < 0.01). Group B showed improvement in pain, disability, and kinesiophobia only, without any significant effect on balance. Conclusion: The study shows that core stabilization in combination with CP can be an effective method for improving pain, kinesiophobia, balance, and disability in patients with CLBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kinesiophobia or fear of movement is a cause of decreased level of activity in patients with chronic neck pain. Traditional forms of treatment, such as physiotherapy alone, can tackle problems of neck pain, but not kinesiophobia. This study aims to study the effect of visual distractiontechnique in the treatment of kinesiophobia. Study design: Quasi experimental study. Methods: A total of 43 participants with chronic neck pain and kinesiophobia were selected for the study. These participants underwent assessments on the NRS, Tampa scale and evaluation of cervical ROM. Assessment was done pre and post intervention of two weeks. Results: A significant reduction in Tampa score and NRS scores was observed and improvement in cervical ROM were seen post intervention in all subjects. Conclusion: The new visual distraction tool is effective in reducing kinesiophobia levels and NRS scores and improving cervical ROM in patients with chronic neck pain with kinesiophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of Review: Provide a concise review of currently utilized functional metrics and patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) determining appropriate return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Recent Findings: When determining return to sport following ACLR, a limb symmetry index (LSI) ≥ 90% when compared to the contralateral extremity is the most commonly reported functional metric. LSI is most commonly assessed using isokinetic quadriceps strength, followed by single-leg vertical hop and cross-over hop test. A minimum ACL-Return to Sport Index (ACL-RSI) score of 68.2 was reported, as well as a mean International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score of 88.3%. A minimum Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Quality of Life (KOOS-QoL) of 62.5% was reported in a single investigation. Summary: There remains limited data on reported metrics guiding return to sport following ACLR. Evaluation of LSI when compared to the contralateral extremity is the most commonly reported functional measure, with ACL-RSI, IKDC and KOOS-QoL also being reported. Further investigations examining return to sport rate and the incidence of recurrent injury, factoring in differences in sex, competition level, and the presence or absence of concomitant meniscal injuries, based on functional metrics and PROMs is warranted to better understand which outcome measures are predictive of successful return to sport following ACLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]