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Analizirali smo 125 izolatov bakterije Escherichia coli iz brisov pešpoti v slovenskih turističnih jamah ter iz gvana netopirjev, ki so jih vzorčili sodelavci Inštituta za raziskovanje krasa ZRC SAZU. E. coli je ena izmed primarnih intestinalnih bakterij pri ljudeh ter endotermnih živalih in je pogosto uporabljena kot indikator fekalne onesnaženosti. Večina sevov E. coli je neškodljivih, težavo pa predstavljajo sevi, ki so zaradi prisotnosti različnih genov za dejavnike virulence patogeni. Takšni sevi so lahko pogosto tudi odporni proti protimikrobnim učinkovinam, kar dandanes predstavlja veliko nevarnost za zdravje ljudi po vsem svetu. Cilj magistrskega dela je bil okarakterizirati izolate E. coli in ugotoviti njihov patogeni potencial ter odpornost proti protimikrobnim učinkovinam. Izolate smo z uporabo metode ERIC-PCR razvrstili v 75 različnih klonalnih skupin ter jih uvrstili v filogenetske skupine po prvotni in po prenovljeni metodi. Z uporabo molekularnih metod smo pri neklonalnih sevih preverili prisotnost 37 virulenčnih genov, genov za beta-laktamaze ter izbrane sekvenčne tipe. Dodatno smo pri sevih ugotavljali tudi izražanje hemolize ter preverjali odpornost proti sedmim protimikrobnim učinkovinam. Večino sevov iz brisov površin smo uvrstili v filogenetsko skupino B1 (43 %), sevov iz gvana pa v skupino B2 (36 %). Sevi iz gvana so imeli v povprečju 7 genov za dejavnike virulence na sev, sevi iz brisov površin pa 5. Najbolj virulenten sev iz gvana je imel 19 virulenčnih genov, iz brisov površin pa 21. Zanimivo je, da je bilo le 7 sevov (15 %) iz brisov površin in 2 (7 %) iz gvana odpornih proti vsaj eni izmed testiranih protimikrobnih učinkovin. We analysed 125 Escherichia coli isolates from swabs taken from footpaths in tourist caves in Slovenia and from bat guano sampled by the Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU. E. coli is an important intestinal bacterium in humans and endothermic animals and is generally considered an indicator of faecal pollution. Although most E. coli strains are commensals, they can also become pathogens if they acquire virulence factor genes. Such strains can also be frequently resistant to antimicrobial agents, posing a major threat to humans worldwide. The objective of the thesis was to characterise E. coli isolates and determine their pathogenic potential and resistance to antimicrobial agents. Isolates were classified into 75 different clonal groups using the ERIC-PCR method. Non-clonal strains were assigned to phylogenetic groups according to the original and revised protocol. Molecular methods were used to examine all strains for the presence of 37 virulence genes, genes encoding beta-lactamases, and sequence types. It was also determined whether the strains exhibited hemolysis and resistance to antimicrobial agents. The majority of strains from surface swabs were assigned to phylogroup B1 (43 %) and strains from guano were mainly assigned to phylogroup B2 (36 %). The strains isolated from bat guano had an average of 7 virulence factor genes per strain, while the strains from surface swabs had 5 genes. The most virulent strain from guano had 19 genes, while the most virulent strain from surface swab had 21 genes. Interestingly, only 7 strains (15 %) from surface swabs and 2 strains (7 %) from guano were resistant to at least one of the antimicrobials tested.

O stratigrafiji Potočke zijalke inavguralna disertacija, ki jo je predložil Brodar Srečko za dosego doktorske časti

Rad se bavi pregledom i analizom članaka pulskog dnevnika Corriere Istriano u razdoblju od listopada do prosinca 1943. godine, a vezano uz stradale Istrane u fojbama i boksitnim jamama nakon kapitulacije Italije 8. rujna iste godine. U općenarodnom ustanku koji je uslijedio uhićen je dio fašističkih čelnika, skvadrista te osoba za koje se sumnjalo (katkad i neopravdano, djelomice i iz osobnih razloga), da su bili u vezi s fašističkim strukturama. Pulski Corriere počevši od listopada 1943. opisuje sudbinu brojnih uhićenih i ubijenih te potom bačenih u boksitne i kraške jame – fojbe. Opisujući rujanske događaje, dnevnik se usko držao fašističke propagande, s uvijek prisutnom usporedbom partizana, odnosno komunista, s divljim, krvoločnim zvijerima koje su za cilj imale uništiti talijansku Istru. Nadalje, uloga samih istarskih ustanika, antifašista, bila je smišljeno minorizirana, a za veći dio stradalih rečeno je da su pripadali fašističkom poretku. Ujedno je najviše prostora dano opisu njihovih herojskih života, posvećenih napretku talijanske domovine. Od sveukupno stotinjak tekstova, polovica nam daje konkretne podatke o deset pronađenih fojbi i boksitnih jama te 219 trupala, odnosno objavljena imena njih 118., The paper offers a survey and an analysis of articles published in the period October- December 1943 in the Pula daily paper Corriere Istriano, relating to the Istrians who had been thrown into foibas and bauxite pits following the Italian capitulation on 8 September 1943. In the general uprising that had followed, some of the fascistic leaders – the Blackshirts – were arrested, together with persons suspected (wrongfully in some cases and partly for personal reasons) to have collaborated with the fascistic structures. Starting in October 1943, Corriere Istriano described the doom of many arrested and killed, who were subsequently thrown into bauxite pits and karst sinkholes – foibas. In describing the September events, the daily paper followed the fascistic propaganda closely, always comparing the partisans (or communists) with wild, murderous beasts, who wished to destroy the Italian Istria. The role of the Istrian antifascists was deliberately degraded, and it was claimed that the majority of the victims had been members of the fascistic movement. The newspaper articles offer many descriptions of their heroic lives, dedicated to the progress of their Italian homeland. In a half of the approximately one hundred texts available, specific data on the ten traced foibas and bauxite pits, as well as 219 corpses and the names of 118 of them are found.