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This study examined workplace inclusivity experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and others (LGBT) using the Self-affirmation Theory, Workplace Belongingness, and Motivation. With Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, LGBT from diverse industries in Batangas were questioned utilizing a semi-structured interview. This study aimed to explore the inclusivity experience of LGBT members in their workplace and proposed comprehensive activities that can help promote an inclusive workplace effectively. To do this, the researcher examined the responses of the LGBT members. It was found that Self-affirmation Attributes; Conditional Positive Self-View; Self-affirmation Strategies for Self-esteem; Workplace Inclusivity, and Belonging; Diverse Spectrum of Workplace Facilities and Treatment for LGBT Groups; Sustainable Approaches to Inclusivity and Gender Equality Efforts; Dualistic Workplace Experiences; Innate Motivation Perform; Diverse External Motivators and Demotivators; and Fulfillment and Motivation in Assigned roles existed as part of their workplace experience. This study also recommended a Comprehensive Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Value Proposition to be adopted in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the most recent changes to the Relationships and Sex Education (RSE) curriculum in England encourage primary schools to include LGBT content, this inclusion is primarily focused on teaching about different types of families. In view of this, and recent research suggesting the dominance of homonormative LGBT inclusion in primary schools, this article uses interview and questionnaire data from 363 primary school teachers and school workers alongside policy analysis of the RSE curriculum to illuminate the type of LGBT content present in English primary schools, and the factors underpinning its inclusion. LGBT inclusion in this data was found to largely exclude non-familial presentations, which were seen at times as relatively less accessible and less appropriate. Using the theoretical work of Michel Foucault and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, this article examines how the dominance of homonormative presentations in the LGBT content demonstrates the complexity of the line between the queer and heteronormative, offering a degree of LGBT inclusion in primary schools that sustains certain normative ideas of what is appropriate in the curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the experiences, needs, and interests of queer people who are also neurodivergent, or live with a chronic illness or disability (i.e. IMMI: individuals with multi-minority identities) in Italy and the Netherlands. Five focus groups were conducted in Italy with 22 queer IMMI to identify their most relevant topics regarding and experiences with sex education. Building on the discussion topics of the focus groups, a survey in Italian and English was distributed via snowball sampling. The survey was created to explore the experiences related to sex education in the two countries. The final sample of respondents included 138 (97 Italian, 41 Dutch) queer IMMI. Results indicated that sex education received in both formal (e.g. school) and informal (e.g. family) contexts failed to include information that was sensitive and supportive of queer community’s experiences. Participants reported the need to explore more topics addressing the specific needs of different identity intersections. Cross-cultural differences related to the experiences of Italian and Dutch participants were found. Overall, current sex education in Italy and the Netherlands is far from meeting the sexual health needs of queer people living with different intersections. Practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deinstitutionalization of marriage suggests more support for divorce and the forgoing of marriage. In this study, we examine attitudes toward both marriage and divorce in the context of having children and how they coincide with each other, creating a new typology of attitudes. Based on a national probability sample of 2,789 adults from the American Marriage Survey conducted in 2021, we find that just over half (55%) of people express transformative deinstitutionalization attitudes, in which they support divorce as well as forgoing marriage, while the next largest group (22%) hold divorce deinstitutionalization attitudes, in which they support divorce but also encourage marriage when children are involved. Findings show that women, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual individuals, and those who are cohabiting or divorced are more likely to hold transformative deinstitutionalization attitudes compared to pro-institutionalization attitudes, which support marriage and oppose divorce when children are involved. Meanwhile, older individuals, those who attend religious services more frequently, and those who identify as more politically conservative are less likely to hold any form of deinstitutionalization attitudes. Interestingly, education and parenthood have no impact on this set of attitudes. Given trends that show decreases in marriage and increases in LGBT identification, there may be further movement toward the disconnection of marriage and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During COVID-19, sexual minority groups may have experienced heightened mental health challenges, amplified by unique stressors and the effects of pandemic-related restrictions. This study investigates the differential impact of the pandemic on mental health across sexual orientations, leveraging population-representative data to explore these disparities. Prospective cohort design. Data from the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study (waves 8–12) was used. Monthly COVID-19 incidence rates at the regional level were used to indicate pandemic severity. Mental health outcomes were evaluated using the Mental Component Score of the Short Form-12 (MCS-12) survey. To examine whether COVID-19 led to differential impacts across sexual orientation, fixed-effect longitudinal models were employed, controlling for individual and time-variant covariates. Lesbian women experienced a significant mental health decline during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a 3.10 MCS-12 score decrease (95 % confidence interval (CI): -5.77 to -0.43) and an 11.0 % higher likelihood of depression (95%CI: -0.3 % to 22.3 %, p = 0.057) compared to heterosexual women. Conversely, the impact on the mental health of heterosexual women was negative but not significant (-0.22; 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.04). Bisexual individuals and other women showed non-significant mental health declines. For men, COVID-19's effect on heterosexuals was similarly non-significant (-0.21; 95%CI: -0.48 to 0.1), with no significant differences observed in gay, bisexual, and other men. Sexual minority individuals, especially lesbian women, faced heightened mental health challenges during COVID-19, emphasizing the urgency for targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to several recent studies, physicians in various medical branches have some differences in attitudes towards transgender and gender‐diverse (TGD) persons based on religious or political beliefs. Our study aims to uncover the attitudes of the general physician community in Turkey, which has a youthful profile, regarding TGD individuals. The attitudes towards transgender individuals scale (ATTI) and the general conservatism scale, along with a form that asks about socio‐demographic factors, political beliefs, and level of religion, were administered online to physicians. The ATTI score of physicians (mean = 77.8) is favourable and did not vary among branches. Being female, being close to TGD, having left‐wing views, low conservatism and low religious belief scores were associated with positive attitudes towards TGD individuals. The physician profile's moderate religious belief and left‐wing views can be interpreted as a country‐specific dynamic and did not prevent the approach from being positive. Despite physicians' positive attitude towards TGD individuals on a professional level, there is resistance to contacting them in their daily lives. The possibility of the partial contribution of socially desirable response behaviour to positive scores should not be ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional concepts of sexuality and intimacy contain normative assumptions that limit the fluidity and creativity with which individuals' relational, gender, and affectional identities can be expressed. This theoretical article applies the seven axioms of Hammack et al.'s paradigm of queer intimacy to a case study of a client who identifies as queer, kinky, poly, transmasculine, and neurodivergent. The resulting conceptualization illustrates ways in which kink and bondage/domination and sadomasochism can contribute to identity development, congruence, and self-actualization. Implications for counseling are provided along with humanistic themes found within the case study. Humanistic counselors can connect more authentically with queer, kinky, polyamorous clients by acknowledging the diversities of clients' identities and behaviors and increasing counselor competencies related to queer, kink, and poly cultures and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the reality that LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and others) students remain more likely to experience harm, harassment, and violence at school as well as miss school due to feeling unsafe and the fact that students identifying as transgender, nonbinary, and gender-nonconforming (TNBGNC) are at even greater risk of bullying, harassment, and significant mental health concerns, Chicago Public Schools' (CPS) Office of Student Health and Wellness (OSHW) created a novel professional development (PD) requirement in 2019, entitled "Supporting Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Nonconforming Students." The PD, a recorded webinar encouraging independent time for reflection and planning, takes an intersectional approach and is required of all CPS staff members across the entire district. A pre- and postevaluation of the PD, guided by the Kirkpatrick model, was completed by 19,503 staff members. The findings from this evaluation show that staff members significantly increased their knowledge, showed statistically significant gain in self-reported skills, and articulated key actions they could take toward sustaining an environment that fosters skill implementation and culture change more broadly. Findings reveal that a culture that supports staff members in learning from their mistakes can help to encourage staff members to employ gender-inclusive behaviors such as asking individuals for their pronouns and using gender-neutral pronouns. This districtwide mandatory PD approach shows value in influencing staff members' thinking and behaviors known to be supportive of TNBGNC students and may serve as a model for other school districts looking to build capacity to support TNBGNC students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review was to explore the beliefs and practices used to promote physical and mental health among youth ages 18–25 years, identifying as LGBTIQ+ experiencing housing insecurity. Method: The approach used strategies described by Whittemore and Knafl. Peer‐reviewed, published research articles in English were identified using eight electronic databases. Eighteen research reports using qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods were identified. Articles were evaluated for quality using the American Association of Critical Care Nurses Evidenced‐Level Hierarchy evaluation tool. Data were analyzed and synthesized using Braun and Clarke's method. Findings: Four themes related to the purpose were extracted: pervasive experiences of stigma and discrimination, constantly attuned to navigating risks, inconsistent engagement in health information and care, and inner strength developed through personal and community experiences. Discussion: There are strong implications for future research, public health nursing practice, and health policy. Public health nurses should incorporate social determinants of health (addressing harmful social processes such as homophobia and racism) as well as a strength‐based upstream approach in research, education, and health care practices. More research must also be done to assess engagement in physical and mental health information and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender-affirming care and legal gender recognition (LGR) have been relatively well developed in Russia since Soviet times. During the past decade, in line with the general authoritarian and conservative turn, transgender (trans) rights have increasingly come under attack. In 2023, anti-trans forces succeeded in bringing about the adoption of a law that prohibited gender-affirming care and LGR, preventing marriage and adoption of children for trans people. This article uses the Authoritarian Gender Equality Policy Making framework to understand the structural opportunities, actors, framings, and the autocrat's signaling that led to this result. The policy reversal resulted from increased visibility of trans issues in Russia and worldwide coupled with their reframing from a medical problem to a geopolitical threat in the context of a military and cultural confrontation with the West following Russia's "special military operation" against Ukraine in February 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: This study aims to analyze the entrepreneurial intention (EI) manifested by potential entrepreneurs for LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) and traditional markets, thereby tracing a comparative EI for both markets. The intention is to understand the vision of potential future entrepreneurs related to markets focused on the LGBT public (i.e. if entrepreneurs perceive this market as an option for future business). Design/methodology/approach: Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from a sample of 157 students in Brazil and analyzed by applying structural equation modeling. Findings: This study primarily identified a difference between EI when comparing the focus on LGBT and traditional markets. Results show that the impact of personal attitude is significantly higher on EI for general markets (all markets) than for markets focused on LGBT audiences. Furthermore, the impact on entrepreneurship for traditional markets is generally significantly lower than for the LGBT market. Originality/value: The study explored the EI for LGBT markets, which has not been studied extensively. It aims to gain a better understanding of various aspects that may influence the decision-making and perceptions of potential future entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the study compares traditional and LGBT audiences, providing valuable insights for potential future entrepreneurs in both scenarios. This comparison is a unique contribution to the literature and contributes to important analyses and debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the challenges faced by LGBT Myanmar migrants in Thailand, including discrimination and abuse due to their gender identity or sexual orientation, and their coping strategies. Through qualitative interviews with 20 self-identified LGBT Myanmar migrants aged over 18 years who experienced discrimination or abuse in Thailand, the findings underscore the presence of a segment within the Myanmar LGBT migrant community in Thailand subject to discrimination and violence across diverse settings, including workplaces, public areas, and even within their homes. Additionally, the research identified healthy coping strategies like self-soothing thoughts, relaxation activities, and seeking support, contrasted with unhealthy coping strategies such as negative self-talk, rumination, and suppressing one’s identity, leading to harmful behaviors and even suicidality. The experiences of severe discrimination and violence among LGBT migrants help this study advocate for policy interventions, such as extending the coverage of the Gender Equality Act to encompass LGBT migrants and implementing mental health support services as a form of secondary prevention. Given the significant contribution of LGBT migrants to various sectors of Thailand’s workforce, these measures are essential. However, the existing legislation concerning gender equality in Thailand inadequately addresses the specific concerns of this demographic group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPhenomenon. The language of medicine (i.e., biomedical discourse) represents queerness as pathological, yet it is this same discourse medical education researchers use to resist that narrative. To be truly inclusive, we must examine and disrupt the biomedical discourse we use. The purpose of this study is to disrupt oppressive biomedical discourses by examining the language and structures medical educators use in their publications about queerness in relation to physicians and physician trainees. Approach. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC in October 2021 and again in June 2023 using a combination of controlled vocabulary (select terms designated by a database to enhance and reduce ambiguity in search) and keywords to identify articles related to sexuality, gender, identity, diversity and medical professionals. Searches were limited to articles published from 2013 to the present to align with the passage of The Respect for Marriage Act. Articles were included if they focused on the experiences and paths of physicians and physician trainees identifying with or embodying queerness, were authored by individuals based in the United States, and presented empirical studies. We excluded articles only discussing attitudes of cisgender heterosexual individuals about queerness. Two authors independently screened all articles for inclusion. We then used narrative techniques to “re-story” included articles into summaries, which we analyzed with four guiding questions, using queer theory as a sensitizing concept. Finally, we sought recurrent patterns in these summaries. Findings. We identified 2206 articles of which 23 were included. We found that biomedical discourse often: characterized individuals associated with queerness as a single homogenous group rather than as individuals with a breadth of identities and experiences; implied queer vulnerability without naming–and making responsible–the causes or agents of this vulnerability; and relied minimally on actual intervention, instead speculating on potential changes without attempting to enact them. Reflections. Authors each reflect on these findings from their positionalities, discussing: disrupting essentializing categories like “LGBT”; addressing harm through allyship around queerness; editorial responsibility to disrupt structures supporting oppressive biomedical discourse; the importance of program evaluation and interventions; and shifting the focus of medical education research toward queerness using QuantCrit theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite growing attention and guiding frameworks, we still know very little about how environmental exposures may be contributing to the health inequities experienced by sexual and gender minority (SGM) people, especially exposures beyond psycho-behavioral mechanisms that have traditionally been viewed as the pathways between minority stress and negative health outcomes. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a scoping review to determine the extent to which disparities in environmental exposures between SGM and non-SGM (ie, heterosexual and cisgender) populations have been measured in the United States. We searched PubMed for studies that were (1) peer-reviewed; (2) written in English; (3) quantitatively measured environmental exposures; (4) included 1 or more groups identifying as a sexual minority, gender minority, or both; (5) compared to the general population; (6) in the United States; and (7) published on or after January 1, 2011. Our scoping review identified very few studies that examined and documented environmental exposure disparities between SGM and non-SGM populations in the United States. These studies focused mostly on cigarette smoke exposures. None examined environmental exposure disparities between gender minority and cisgender populations. To address this critical gap in environmental health research for SGM populations in the short term, researchers can merge existing environmental data (eg, data from the Environmental Protection Agency) with SGM population data. Longer-term solutions require systematically including validated sexual orientation and gender identity measures across federal, state, and local datasets, as well as increased funding for original research that explores diverse environmental exposures. Taken together, these efforts can significantly advance our ability to identify and address environmental health inequities experienced by SGM people. Plain language summary: This review looks at how different environmental factors affect the health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities, which include people who identify as LGBTQ+. The study found that there is not much research available on this topic, and what exists focuses mostly on cigarette smoke exposure. The review suggests that more research is needed to understand these health disparities and to develop policies that can help protect the health of LGBTQ+ communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although awareness and understanding of LGBTIQ+ people's experiences of homelessness are rising, their broader housing experiences remain under‐researched. This paper uses qualitative interview data to explore takatāpui and LGBTIQ+ people's experiences of housing instability in Aotearoa New Zealand. In expanding the focus to housing instability, this paper explores how LGBTIQ+ people experience and navigate the housing system, which sheds light on the upstream factors that contribute to the disproportionately high rates of homelessness amongst LGBTIQ+ communities worldwide. A reflexive thematic analysis of the data generated four themes to takatāpui and LGBTIQ+ people's experiences of housing instability; personal experiences are political, survival within inequitable systems is nuanced, instability is relational, and selfhood is mediated through instability. These results highlight the impact of policy and structural failures on LGBTIQ+ communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people experience higher levels of economic insecurity and poverty compared to non‐LGBT people. Social safety net programs may reduce this disparity, but the uptake of these programs among LGBT adults has rarely been assessed. We conducted a secondary data analysis of the 2018–2020 Well‐Being and Basic Needs Survey to compare differences in material hardship and social safety net program utilization between LGBT and non‐LGBT adults in the United States. LGBT participants were more likely to report lack of an emergency fund, food insecurity, utilities hardship, medical hardship, and multiple material hardships. LGBT adults had higher odds compared to non‐LGBT adults of using SNAP, income‐ or disability‐based insurance, SSI or SSDI, and housing assistance. There were no differences in use of WIC, reduced‐price/free school lunch benefits, or charitable food. Future studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the social safety net programs for reducing material hardship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People these days can easily involve themselves in everything, including sexual activity, relationships with other people, and a lot more. Although some of the people are unaware what are the possibilities, and even the consequences of all this in their lives. A person's life might be changed because of disease, and it will continue to carry it for a very long time. In other words, the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) continues to exist nowadays, and a lot of individuals who are living with HIV have had difficulties all throughout their lives. And it can be acquired by getting into someone who has been infected by having fluids from the body, exchanging a syringe with blood, breastfeeding, or having sexual intercourse are all possible sources. This research study aims to explore and observe the specific situations and problems that encountered of the people living with HIV including the lived experiences particularly; (1) to discuss the lived experiences of People Living with HIV (2) to discover the challenges faced by People Living with HIV (3) to identify the coping mechanisms of people living with HIV. With the use of Thematic Analysis (TA), the study findings are the following; (1) Some of the people in the Philippines easily jumps into conclusions wherein in their perspectives when a gay (Bakla) they easily addressed and tend to assumed that this person are associated and normalizing that they contracted on the HIV diseases resulting that this is a discrimination and misconception for them especially to LGBT which this can be also have a big impact on their overall well-being as a person. (2) People living with HIV are facing and experiencing anxiety and depression regarding their HIV status wherein these individuals tend to overthink and cry because of the situations that they had. Other than that they also struggle when it comes to services, and finances including; the laboratory-based diagnosis, transit for care access and limited availability in healthcare. (3) Lastly, despite the situation and experiences that they had, people living with HIV had coping strategies at which point the advocacy really helps them to understand and to cope up their HIV status to understand their situations as a HIV individual. And they also distancing themselves from negativity that could also affect their emotional and mental health well-being as a PLHIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: While issues related to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health are increasingly incorporated into medical training, there remains limited guidance and opportunities for continuing medical education in LGBT health. It is unclear how participation in LGBT-specific training is distributed across physician specialties and practice regions. Additionally, national data assessing cultural competency training for physicians are scarce and do not delineate LGBT-specific training or training completed prior to, during, or after graduate medical education. METHODS: Using data from the 2016 National Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Physician Survey, this study evaluated patterns of post-residency cultural competency training, as well as associations between LGBT-specific training and provider perceptions of patient care outcomes. RESULTS: Provider specialty, practice region, and receiving cultural competency training as a trainee were associated with post-residency LGBT-specific training. Surgical providers (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42; confidence interval [CI] 0.25–0.73; p =.002) and those practicing in the South (OR: 0.49; CI: 0.26–0.92; p =.025) had lower odds of completing LGBT-specific cultural competency training while in independent practice. Post-residency LGBT-specific training was associated with provider agreement that cultural competency training improves the quality of care (OR: 2.76; CI: 1.44–5.28; p =.002), patient satisfaction (OR: 2.55; CI: 1.32–4.93; p =.005), and patient comprehension (OR: 2.03; CI: 1.05–3.90; p =.034). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide disaggregated analyses that nuance the assessment of cultural competency interventions and support a broader effort to increase attention to LGBT health in continuing medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017, the Landless Workers Movement (MST) institutionalised a lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) collective as part of its representative claims on behalf of the marginalised. This study explains the conditions preceding such representation and how this is now negotiated by the MST and its members in the context of land justice in Brazil. In addition, it discusses the construction of peasant and LGBT as bounded political identities. The argument presented is that the coupling of peasant and LGBT representations relies on a convergence of events happening locally and globally, which – in addition to granting the MST important representational value – has resulted in improved living conditions for sexual and gender minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an examination of its discursive presence in the UK Parliament (Westminster), this article explores political elites' problematisations of LGBT homelessness. In particular, I consider whether the dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that have been critically identified in relation to the mainstreaming of 'gay rights' in other sites are evident in the emerging discourse on LGBT homelessness in Westminster. I find that the cross-party emphasis on data collection as a predicate for action on LGBT homelessness enables the Conservatives to signal sexual progress without risking the Party's traditional supporters. Moreover, the almost exclusive focus on LGBT homeless youth in the parliamentary discourse, which is echoed to a lesser degree in existing research, stabilises divisions of 'deserving/undeserving' poor and entrenches the relationship between housing security, normative forms of intimacy and anti-migrant nationalist sentiments. To escape the terms of its current emergence, I argue, a coalitional and grass-roots-led definition of the problem of LGBT homelessness is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on female same-sex relationships has predominantly considered a single partner's perspective on couple satisfaction, and has compared same-sex couples with heterosexual couples. Drawing upon Personal Construct Theory, this study explores how identification, acceptance, commonality and sociality (mutual understanding) between two female same-sex partners are associated with the couple's satisfaction. Forty Italian women involved in same-sex relationships completed the Partnership Questionnaire and 160 repertory grids involving the exchange grid method. A mixed-method analysis was conducted. Higher couple's satisfaction was associated with higher identification with the partner but not with higher commonality and sociality, partner acceptance was associated with higher scores in tenderness. Perceived similarity was higher than commonality and sociality, and partner's acceptance was higher than identification with her. Qualitative analysis heightened the centrality of the participants' experience when compared with the dominant prejudice with regard to homosexuality and the tension between autonomy and fusion. This study revealed the importance of identification and acceptance in terms of couple's satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Not enough is known about the labels that transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals – and especially adolescents and young adults – use to describe their sexual orientation. This is likely due to a historical conflation of sexual orientation and gender identity, where both researchers and the public have failed to examine the ways that these constructs differ. Consequentially, there are few statistics about TGD young people's sexual orientations. The present study aims to help address this gap by examining the sexual orientation labels 208 TGD young people (13–22 years old) used at time of an assessment for readiness to start gender affirming hormones. Results indicate that the vast majority of youth in the sample used non-heterosexual orientation labels, with the most commonly endorsed label being "bisexual". Fischer's exact tests reveal that participants who affirmed a male/transmasculine gender were more likely to use the label "heterosexual" compared to female/transfeminine and non-binary young people. Findings underscore the importance of mindful sexual orientation and gender identity demographic information collection for TGD young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sibling support for transgender and nonbinary (TNB) youth has the potential to improve TNB youths' mental health. A scoping review was conducted to map the knowledge of TNB youths' sibling relationships to create a foundation for the development of sibling-based support interventions for TNB youth. Nine included articles covered two areas: TNB youths' perceptions of sibling support (n = 5) and cisgender siblings' lived experience with a TNB sibling (n = 4). Siblings were perceived to support TNB youth, and their support was associated with less depression, suicidal ideation, and externalizing problems. Siblings of TNB youth lacked knowledge of TNB identities and support for their own understanding and acceptance. Siblings may experience unique stressors around their TNB sibling's changing gender identity. Overall, having a TNB sibling was perceived as a positive experience. None of the studies included intervention with or for siblings of TNB youth. Sibling support can be helpful for TNB youths' mental health. However, cisgender siblings' unique needs are rarely addressed. Providing cisgender siblings with knowledge of TNB identity, a place to process fears and concerns, and skills to navigate situations that may arise in relation to their sibling's gender, has the potential to benefit both siblings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: With needed and growing attention to sexual minorities and unmarried individuals, there is a need to consider how best to capture relationships and relationship organization in family studies. Background: Traditional measures of marital status are commonly used to examine differences in relationships and socioeconomic outcomes, but they do not adequately capture the diversity of relationship experiences and leave certain types of relationship experiences invisible. Method: This article examines the inclusion of a relationship measure in the American Marriage Survey, a national probability‐based sample of 2806 adults in the United States, to provide a more diverse and expansive perspective on relationships and relationship organization. While there is a great deal of overlap between those who are married or cohabiting (marital status) and those who are in an exclusive relationship (relationship status), there is also potential for variation in what kinds of relationships, if any, people are in. Results: We find that the relationship measure is particularly useful in showing that a majority of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual individuals are in an exclusive relationship and also that gender and sexual minorities are more likely than cisgender and heterosexual individuals to be in consensual nonmonogamous relationships. This article also provides direction on re‐coding open text responses from the relationship status measure. Conclusion: We conclude that a relationship status measure allows for greater inclusivity and visibility of sexual minorities and unmarried persons, including but not limited to queer individuals, families, and communities, as well as consensual nonmonogamous relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: 1) Describe sexual and gender minority (SGM) older adults' current practices and concerns for communicating end-of-life (EOL) and daily care preferences in long-term care (LTC); 2) Elicit ideas about adapting a video-based intervention to facilitate communication. Methods: After consulting a community advisory board, we conducted two focus groups with SGM older adults ≥55 years of age recruited from a community-based service organization (n = 4) and a continuing care retirement community (n = 9). We audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded data using directed content analysis methods and summarized results descriptively. Results: Most participants were cisgender (n = 12), female (n = 11), lesbian (n = 10), White and non-Hispanic (n = 13); mean age was 70.62. Participants' concerns included discrimination, autonomy, chosen family, and community; they linked daily care preferences with personhood and quality of life. They advocated for building intentional community-based support networks to help peers discuss preferences and produce videos before LTC transition and ensure compliance after. Conclusions: For SGM older adults, asserting and protecting their full personhood, through daily care preferences, is essential to quality of life in LTC. Clinical Implications: Video-recorded statements of daily preferences, facilitated and supported by a peer network, could promote culturally competent, person- and community-centered care for SGM older adults in LTC settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weak evidence base and profound consequences of gender-affirming interventions for youth call for a particularly sensitive and complex psychoanalytic exploration. However, prohibitions on knowing at the individual and social levels significantly constrain psychoanalytic work with trans-identified youth. Barriers to exploration and thinking that patients bring to treatment are reinforced and reified by the dominant socio-political trends that saturate the contexts in which young people dwell. These trends increasingly frame any attempt to deeply explore why a young person is seeking medical or surgical gender-affirming interventions as “off-limits” and a form of conversion therapy. Furthermore, politically driven clinicians who promote medical gender-affirming interventions misrepresent and attempt to discredit clinicians who explore the meaning and function of trans identification, or who express concern that transitioning may be a drastic solution to various forms of psychic pain. In doing so, they minimise the significance of the weak evidence base for these interventions and their serious, known risks. At the same time, they obscure or deny the psychic pain that is sometimes humming beneath the experience of gender dysphoria. The author asks: If there are significant uncertainties and risks of harm associated with medical interventions for young people, do we want to know? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: There has been an ongoing mental health crisis among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. This continues amidst rising population-level depression and suicide rates, especially among students in higher education. This work aims to understand changes in SGM student mental health over time. Participants: N = 483,574 responses to the Healthy Minds Study (2007C2022) were examined from 18 to 35-year-old U.S. college and university students. Methods: Linear and logistic regressions were used to examine associations between SGM identity and mental health. Mediation and structural equation modeling were used to examine potential links among risk factors. Results: On average, ∼18% of students identified as SGM, which included a 6-fold increase in SGM self-identification across this 15-year period. Depression rates increased over time; ∼12% of students reported major depression. SGM students were 3.18 times (z = 111.16, p < .001) more likely to report depression than non-SGM students (26.85% vs. 8.53%). Disproportionate discrimination and lack of school belonging partially explained SGM disparities in depression. SGM students were twice as likely to utilize therapy (z = 115.42, p < .001) but half as likely seek help from family (z = 55.48, p ≤ .001). Conclusions: Academic institutions must take concrete steps to reduce barriers mental health care, combat discrimination, and bolster community belonging and interpersonal support for SGM students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research highlights how vital it is that LGBTQIA+ students receive support as they transition into further and higher education. However, there is also a need to move beyond simply providing greater 'support', to tackle cis and hetero-normativity, and to enable LGBTQIA+ agency and resistance. This inter-disciplinary participatory research project explored the use of zines as a space for navigating LGBTQIA+ life and identities. This was done through a series of zine-making workshops that took place at the Manchester Poetry Library. In total, 15 LGBTQIA+ university students took part in the zine-making workshops as co-researchers and participants. The informal conversations during the workshops were captured using audio recording devices and through use of fieldnotes. Towards the end of the workshops, the students engaged in co-interviews and a focus group. Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to analyse the data in collaboration with the students as co-researchers. The findings support the unique nature of zines and zine-making workshops for affirmation – for the self and others, and for community-building. We hope that the findings will inform strategies to create LGBTQIA+ positive higher education experiences to enable LGBTQIA+ students to feel they matter, as well as belong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores LGBT retirees as agents of change who are renegotiating the terms of healthy aging in place and expanding our understanding of lifestyle and retirement migration. For the first time in history, a generation of self-identified lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgender individuals have entered retirement. However, their subjective experiences have largely been glossed over in popular discourses of successful aging and migration in heteronormative society. This article explores why and how older LGBT people are choosing housing options to age "out of place" in order to support their sexual lives and identities. Examining the everyday experiences of these seniors—members of a double minority, both aged and LGBT—allows us to disrupt the idea of what healthy "aging in place" means and when it might actually be unhealthy. Employing standpoint theory pushes the analysis of marginalized voices to the fore and allows us to ask about these seniors' subjective realities. What results is a reimagining of the aging landscape. Interview data from LGBT seniors who have migrated to LGBT naturally occurring retirement communities or LGBT-focused housing complexes in France, Sweden, and Germany are used to stretch our notions of wellbeing and aging in place for these diverse retirees. One finding is that for these LGBT seniors, disrupting social norms by aging out of place is not escapist or amenity-seeking, but is key to honoring their sexuality and aging process in a safe and supportive environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite the research on a health-disparate population, less is known about the social determinants of health (SDOH) inequities among older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults. This scoping review aimed to explore and summarize what is known in the literature regarding the SDOH among older LGBT adults. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) approach guided this scoping review, which examined 31 articles that included quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies. Data were analyzed by three independent reviewers through a predesigned process of data charting, descriptive summary, and thematic analysis. Results: Older participants were primarily LGBT and LGB. The findings identified four intersecting dimensions of individuals, social, economic, and health care system, contributing to health inequities and poor health outcomes. Conclusion: Given the importance of SDOH for older LGBT adults, stakeholders including health care providers need to better understand the multiple intersecting influences, provide culturally congruent health care, and integrate sources of support into the care of these sexual- and gender-minority older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LGBTQ+ people experience higher burdens of life-limiting illnesses, poorer health outcomes, and multilevel barriers to accessing palliative, end-of-life, and bereavement care. High quality evidence is needed to inform interventions to address these inequities, and inform inclusive practices and policies. Despite global initiatives to improve availability of peer-reviewed journal articles, the minority of research is open access (OA). We aimed to evaluate accessibility of literature related to LGBTQ+ inclusive palliative, end-of-life, and bereavement care. A rapid review of the evidence regarding LGBTQ+ inclusive palliative, end-of-life, and bereavement care was conducted; OA status of identified articles was assessed. Articles from three published systematic reviews were included (2012, 2016, and 2020). Review articles were updated using the original search and inclusion/exclusion strategies. 66 articles related to LGBTQ+ inclusive palliative, end-of-life and bereavement care were identified between 1990-2022. Of these, only 21% (n =14) were OA. Of the OA articles, 79% were published between 2017 and 2022, and 50% were published between 2020-2022, reflecting more recent shifts towards OA publishing. Health and social care professionals and policy makers rely on access to high quality evidence to inform their work. Failing to make articles related to the needs of LGBTQ+ people and populations OA risks further marginalisation and worsened inequities. Innovative journal policies and funding are needed to enable access, particularly for research that foregrounds the needs of marginalised communities. Where articles are currently behind paywalls, there is a need for accessible summaries or policy briefs to inform inclusive policy and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people experience exclusion and animosity in most organizations and societies, their rights have gradually gained recognition in several countries in the world. Within the LGBT community, transgender people are the least researched group. Our empirical investigation focuses on the lived experience of transgender people in Hungary, within an increasingly precarious social context, particularly in the workplace, labor market, and certain aspects of private lives. Our findings shed light on the significant challenges they face, including a particularly harsh situation in the labor market and the subsequent impact on their workplace environment and private lives. These circumstances often force them to temporarily hide their transgender identity, although this often eventually comes out. This study, consistent with prior research of transgender individuals' lived experiences, demonstrates their critique of gender binaries, with their own lives serving as evidence for the dispensability of the gendered professions. The empirical investigation clearly shows the significant influence of the social context on the lives of vulnerable individuals. Particularly, recent legislative changes and escalating transphobic political discourse have notably worsened transgender individuals' lives in Hungary, affecting their employment and specific aspects of their private lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internalized sexual stigma is an important contributor to LGBT mental health disparities. In Thailand, the absence of validated instruments represents a research barrier. The study's purpose was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Internalized Homophobia (IHP-R) scale. Based on the cross-cultural principle, team translation was applied. The IHP-R was translated by the principal author and reviewed by bilingual Thai nurses, and clarifications were made. Multidisciplinary experts provided back translation and reconciled the finalized Thai version. The psychometric properties were established in 412 Thai LGBT individuals. Data was collected via online and paper-pencil surveys and analyzed using SPSS. Most participants were male, age ranged 18–53, with moderate levels of internalized homophobia (M = 2.3, SD = 1.04). The inter-item and item-total correlations were.38-.63 and.55-.68. The content validity index was high (I-CVI, S-CVI/UA/Ave = 1). The exploratory factor analysis confirmed one construct of internalized sexual self-stigma (factor loading =.702–.816). Scores on IHP-R were correlated with stress and experiences of discrimination (r =.14 and.12). Internal consistency reliability was also high (Cronbach's alpha coefficient =.83). The IHP-R Thai version has high psychometric properties and is appropriate for LGBT research in Thailand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the level of LGBT+ representation among staff and students in higher education in England and Wales. We compare data from the 2021 England and Wales Census to Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) data. We find that LGBT+ people are more highly represented in higher education among all staff groups and students than in relevant comparator groups according to age and educational level in the general population. LGBT+ representation among students and STEM academics is modestly higher than the general population comparator group, while representation among non-STEM academics is substantially higher than one would expect from the general population comparator group. We found no statistically significant under-representation in any particular higher education institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Until 12 January 2000, the UK Armed Forces retained a policy of discharging all gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender personnel under exemptive military laws. The so-called 'gay ban' was enforced with the rationale that homosexuality was incompatible with military service. Little research has explored the experiences of LGBT + veterans or the impact of the 'gay ban' policy. Methods: In 2021, 15 LGBT + veterans who had been affected by the 'gay ban' participated in semi-structured interviews lasting around 90 minutes. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Five overarching themes were identified in exploring the experiences and impact of the 'gay ban' policy: LGBT + identity struggle; camouflage; intense investigative process; extraction, exclusion and loss; and the personal impact. Conclusions: Serving in the UK Armed Forces during this homosexuality ban policy affected the social, health and well-being of LGBT + veterans. The necessity for LGBT + veterans to hide their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, the impact of investigations, loss of careers and alienation have led to long-term experiences of social isolation, loneliness due to barriers to connecting to others and difficulties around health and well-being. Policy Implications: LGBT + veteran vulnerability and traumatic experiences need to be understood in the context of help-seeking behaviour and service provision. The implications for policy change include achieving health and social care equity in relation to access to support services. Support services need to ensure that there is an awareness of the impact of serving under the discriminatory 'gay ban' policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns Asian American queer masculinity and how the “coming out” process for gay Chinese men and their non-White immigrant families does not fit neatly within neat Western gender distinctions of public/private space. Using the film Ethan Mao as a primary text and case study, I argue for an intersectional approach to the coming out process for racialized sexual minorities. Ethan Mao is a film that tells the story of a Chinese American boy expunged from the home upon his family’s discovery of his homosexuality who returns to hold his family members hostage. The fictional story thematizes the indistinct spatial and symbolic boundaries of queer Asian American identity, masculinity, and domesticity. The film observes how gay men of color do not simply come out of the closet but break into it. Through an intersectional queer of color critique, I reconceptualize “the closet” as a synecdoche of the private home space, refiguring it as a contested site of belonging/exclusion to recognize the difficulties of “coming out” for certain queer racial male subjects.

Past research has shown significant inequities in mental health outcomes between rainbow and non-rainbow people, particularly for youth. Rainbow youth report mixed experiences when accessing support, signalling the need for increased rainbow competency training for mental health professionals (MHPs). While previous research has explored the experiences of rainbow young people, little research has sought direct messages from rainbow youth to training MHPs. The current study presents a thematic analysis of messages from rainbow rangatahi (14–24 years) to training MHPs. We identify six themes: (1) check your assumptions, (2) treat us with empathy and respect, (3) earn our trust, (4) you need to self-reflect, (5) balance getting to know me with educating yourself, and (6) hear our stories. Participants’ responses describe their experiences within the mental health sector and in life, and their recommendations for what practitioners should both implement and avoid in their practice. We reflect on whether current recommendations for MHPs working with rainbow people align with these messages. Finally, we discuss the possibility of personal narratives enacting social change. The findings of the current study reflect the need for rainbow cultural competency training, grounded in the voices of rainbow people, to become mandatory for all MHPs.

This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people, an under-researched population. While past studies have posited a co-occurrence of autism and transgender identity, little research focuses specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. This community-based study draws on interview data from 44 nonbinary participants. Participants expressed nuanced and informed understandings of their gender identities, highlighting fluidity and a rejection traditional binary gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how their identity is shaped by external forces such as politics, community, and interpersonal relationships. Findings highlight the need for the inclusion of nonbinary autistic people in autism research and for autism services and programming to be affirming of various gender identities. This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people. The relationship between autistic and nonbinary identities has not been researched in detail. Few studies focus specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. We interviewed 44 nonbinary individuals for this study. Participants had thought-out opinions on gender identity and emphasized identifying with fluidity rather than traditional gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how it affected how people saw them and how they saw themselves. We have recommendations for programming, policy, and research from these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, or other gender identities or sexual orientations (LGBTQIA+) often face workplace bias or discrimination. Unique dynamics in academic neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry departments warrant specific investigation. Trainee, staff, and faculty participants (N = 534) completed an online survey assessing identity and workplace experiences. Many respondents were not out about their identity at work (46%) despite most being out personally (81%). A positive workplace climate is critical to outness, career satisfaction, and mental health. Experiences of exclusionary behaviour (24%) and depression (37%) were common. Qualitative responses called for explicit LGBTQIA+ inclusion in diversity and classroom curricula, structural and financial support for LGBTQIA+ people, and greater support for individuals of colour and/or identifying as trans. Respondents expressed a pervasive sentiment that academic institutions should avoid putting undue, unpaid burden of diversity work on minoritized individuals and should aim to promote meaningful structural change rather than creating the appearance of inclusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black sexual minority men (SMM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV in the United States. Intimate partner violence (IPV), substance use, and depression are associated with HIV risk behavior such as condomless sex. In this study, we assessed cross-sectional associations between multiple types of IPV victimization and condomless sex with serodiscordant partners. We then evaluated the mediating roles of mental health and substance use, in a sample of 213 Black SMM living with HIV. We used validated scales to assess IPV victimization, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, general mental health, and substance use. All independent variables (IPV type) that had at least a marginal (p <.10) association with the dependent variable (condomless sex with a serodiscordant partner) and any potential mediator were included in mediation models. Mediator role was determined based on a statistically significant outcome (p <.05) in the mediation model. Physical assault, injury-inducing IPV, and sexual coercion were each positively correlated with condomless sex. Depression, overall mental health, and substance use were associated with physical assault and injury-inducing IPV, and depression was associated with sexual coercion IPV. Both physical assault and injury-inducing IPV were associated with overall mental health, but none of the mental health and substance use measures mediated the associations between IPV and condomless sex. Findings suggest that HIV prevention efforts for Black SMM may need to incorporate IPV screening and prevention services. Further research is needed to understand the psychosocial pathways by which physical forms of IPV relate to condom use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore how and why a local conglomerate in Sri Lanka (Pride-H) decided to introduce Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transexual (LGBT) inclusivity to their policies and practices, contravening legal, social and religious strictures. Under the interpretive research paradigm and qualitative research design, an embedded case study approach was employed. In-depth interviews and publicly available information were used as data for the study. Theoretically, this paper draws on institutional logics perspective and organizational filters. The findings reveal that the decision and initiative for LGBT inclusivity at Pride-H emerged through interconnected sequences and logics – specifically, the convergence of social justice and corporate logics. Additionally, certain organizational attributes, such as being a market leader, one of the largest conglomerates in the country, possessing an extensive customer and stakeholder base, and demonstrating a commitment to values of equal treatment, functioned as filters to counteract conflicting state, cultural, and religious strictures (logics). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the differences in mental health problems by sexual orientation and gender identity in first-year university students in Chile during the pandemic. Methods: 7,213 first-year students aged 18 years and older from five universities participated as part of the World Mental Health - International College Student initiative in Chile. Students completed an online self-report survey between 2020 and 2021 that included measures of lifetime and 12-month major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, drug abuse/dependence, alcohol dependence, non-suicidal self-injuries, and suicidal risk. Prevalence of mental health problems were estimated and the differences by sexual orientation and gender identity were examined using logistic and multinomial logistic regression models. Results: Between 84.1% and 98% of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBT+) students screened positive for at least one lifetime mental health problem and between 67.6% and 90.6% for two or more problems. For most outcomes, non-heterosexual (Odds Ratio [OR] between 1.25 and 7.00) and trans and gender nonconforming students (OR between 1.72 and 5.81) had significantly higher odds of positive screening for lifetime mental health problems than heterosexual and cisgender students, respectively. Similar results were observed for 12-month mental health problems. Conclusion: The results show differences in the prevalence of mental health problems in LGBT+ university students in Chile, which are consistent with those found in other countries. These results may be useful for planning interventions to improve the mental health of LGBT+ students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aging members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community experience heterosexism and age-based discrimination that may contribute to lower quality of life as they age. This two-phase, sequential-explanatory study investigates perceived ageism, quality of life, and the unique experiences of 155 LGBT Filipinos between 45 and 74 years old. Phase 1 is a quantitative, cross-sectional design examining whether ageism predicts quality of life. Participants completed the everyday ageism scale (EAS) which measures perceived age-based discrimination and the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) which measures material, physical, social, and personal well-being. Phase 2 is a phenomenological design that further examines LGBT Filipino aging experiences using in-person semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Quantitative results from Phase 1 showed that everyday ageism predicts quality of life among Filipino LGBT older adults. Thematic analysis in Phase 2 supported these findings and revealed six essential themes (empowerment through advocacy and visibility; health and autonomy; integrated support system; social interaction and connectivity; professional fulfillment and community engagement; quality of life and aging perspectives) that contribute to LGBT participants' quality of life. Given the lack of literature examining the aging LGBT Filipino population, our results have implications for policy, practice, and research aimed at providing more inclusive and targeted support initiatives for this community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender individuals (LGBT) are at high risk for suicide. This study aimed to examine an integrative psychological model of risk factors among LGBT individuals and explore the psychological pathways connecting social stigma, mental pain, and interpersonal characteristics to suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) in this population. LGBT adults (N = 473) responded to an online questionnaire about stigma, mental pain, interpersonal characteristics, as well as suicidal ideation and behaviors. We found group differences between LGBT respondents in the study variables: Transgender people reported the highest levels of SIB and depression, closely followed by bisexuals. The association between stigma-related variables and SIB was mediated by depression, entrapment, and perceived burdensomeness. These results highlight the role of entrapment and burdensomeness in facilitating suicide risk among LGBT adults, as they may increase the damaging effect of negative societal stigma against LGBTs and thus, elevate the suicide risk in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States is witnessing a wave of laws targeting transgender people, ranging from prohibitions on participation in sport, denial of access to gender affirming health care and regulating bathroom access and what people wear. This anti-trans trend that we are seeing in the United States is sending shock waves through the trans community in Australia. Is Australia going to follow the US 'hate manual'? Are trans and gender diverse people here at risk of being persecuted, vilified and discriminated against in the same way? This article considers the gaps in Australia's protection of the human rights of trans and gender diverse people and identifies where our laws need to be strengthened to ensure we follow a path of inclusivity and respect, not hate and division. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past research has shown significant inequities in mental health outcomes between rainbow and non-rainbow people, particularly for youth. Rainbow youth report mixed experiences when accessing support, signalling the need for increased rainbow competency training for mental health professionals (MHPs). While previous research has explored the experiences of rainbow young people, little research has sought direct messages from rainbow youth to training MHPs. The current study presents a thematic analysis of messages from rainbow rangatahi (14–24 years) to training MHPs. We identify six themes: (1) check your assumptions, (2) treat us with empathy and respect, (3) earn our trust, (4) you need to self-reflect, (5) balance getting to know me with educating yourself, and (6) hear our stories. Participants' responses describe their experiences within the mental health sector and in life, and their recommendations for what practitioners should both implement and avoid in their practice. We reflect on whether current recommendations for MHPs working with rainbow people align with these messages. Finally, we discuss the possibility of personal narratives enacting social change. The findings of the current study reflect the need for rainbow cultural competency training, grounded in the voices of rainbow people, to become mandatory for all MHPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Patients from the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer plus (LGBTQ +) community face various health inequalities and report poor healthcare experiences. Little is known about how knowledgeable and confident UK doctors are around LGBTQ + health, and previous research demonstrates that UK medical schools rarely deliver teaching in this area. This research evaluated the level of knowledge, awareness and confidence of LGBTQ + health among Internal Medical Trainees (IMTs) in London. Methods London IMTs were invited to complete an online questionnaire evaluating knowledge, awareness and confidence in LGBTQ + health. Stratified analysis of results by demographics was performed. Results Three hundred and fifteen surveys were analysed from 796 eligible trainees (40%). Confidence in caring for LGBTQ + patients was variable. Confidence in discussing gender identity was lower than for sexual orientation. Knowledge of health issues affecting LGBTQ + patients varied. Most participants had never received training on LGBTQ + health at undergraduate (n = 201, 64%) or postgraduate level (n = 252, 80%), but the majority of participants felt that training would be useful (n = 233, 74%). Stratified analysis revealed that IMTs who received previous LGBTQ + teaching at undergraduate or postgraduate level were considerably more confident discussing sexual orientation with patients, compared to those who received no previous teaching. Conclusions There is a clear need for education on LGBTQ + health, given the varied levels of knowledge and confidence identified. A significant majority of IMTs in London have never received teaching on LGBTQ + health, although there exists a strong desire for this. LGBTQ + health topics should be integrated into undergraduate and postgraduate training and examinations for IMTs. This would support IMTs in delivering high quality and inclusive care for all patients, particularly those of sexual orientation and gender identity minorities. There are relatively few published studies exploring competency in LGBTQ + health among doctors, and this is the first among UK Internal Medicine Trainees.

Abstract Background The number of cancer survivors has increased in recent decades, and the majority of them suffer from sequelae of their disease and treatment. This study, which is part of the larger research project OPTILATER, aims to explore different aspects of care services for long-term survivors (≥ 5 years after initial cancer diagnosis) in Germany. The study places an emphasis on the situation of people from different age groups, with different socio-demographic and cultural backgrounds, and sexually and gender diverse individuals. Methods To investigate experiences related to follow-up care, focus groups (n = 2) will be conducted with members of patient advisory councils and advocacy groups, representatives of communities, healthcare workers and networks, as well as members of Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians. Guided interviews will be carried out with patients and relatives (n = 40) to investigate needs, barriers and obstacles in terms of follow-up care. On this basis, additional focus groups (n = 2) will be carried out to derive possible scenarios for improving the consideration of needs. Focus groups and interviews will follow a semi-structured format and will be analysed content-analytically. Focus groups and interviews will be conducted online, recorded, transcribed, and analysed independently by two persons. Discussion The qualitative approach is considered suitable because of the exploratory research aims. The identification of experiences and barriers can reveal disparities and optimization potential in the care of long-term cancer survivors.