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9 results on '"lithium-battery"'

1. Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 negative electrode material in a fluidized bed thermogravimetric analyzer.

Author

Tao, Ling, Samih, Said, Sauriol, Pierre, and Chaouki, Jamal

Subjects
LITHIUM titanate, NEGATIVE electrode, FLUIDIZED bed reactors, TITANIUM oxides, ENERGY storage, SCANNING electron microscopy
Abstract

Spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) is the most promising negative electrode material for energy storage which can be applied in lithium‐ion batteries lithium‐sulphur batteries, and supercapacitors. However, the high cost of Li4Ti5O12 powder and its high molecular weight limit its application due to the complicated synthesis process. In this work, a facile solid‐state reaction in a fluidized bed reactor was used for the first time to synthesize spinel Li4Ti5O12 using lithium carbonate and titanium oxide as solid reactants. We investigated the fluidization behaviour of starting materials and studied different synthesis temperature in fluidized and fixed beds. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed to characterize the samples. The results demonstrate that the mixture of Li2CO3 and TiO2 had a complete fluidization velocity of 0.88 cm/s and showed good fluidization behaviour. Pure spinel Li4Ti5O12 was obtained via solid‐state reaction in a fluidized bed reactor at 800°C for 30 minutes, which is much lower than a conventional solid‐state reaction in a fixed bed or muffle furnace. By this novel method, the micro‐sized Li4Ti5O12 particles (6‐8 μm) have hollow porous structure composed of nano‐sized particles (<100 nm) synthesized. According to the experimental results, we proposed a different reaction mechanism for the synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 in fluidized beds which explains how the Li2CO3 and TiO2 react to form hollow lithium titanate nano‐structured micro‐particles in fluidized beds. The bulk density, surface area, and bulk conductivity of the synthesized Li4Ti5O12 are 3240 kg/m3, 4.6 m2/g, and 3.90 × 10−6 S/cm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Molar conductivities of concentrated lithium chloride–glycerol solutions at low and high temperatures: application of a quasi-lattice model.

Author

Benouar, A., Kameche, M., and Bouhlala, M. A.

Subjects
*MOLAR conductivity, *LITHIUM chloride, *GLYCERIN, *LATTICE models (Statistical physics), *HIGH temperatures, *DEBYE-Huckel theory
Abstract

Conductivities of concentrated solutions of lithium chloride in glycerol were measured for concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 1.5 mol.dm−3. The conductivity dependencies were analysed successively using the Debye–Huckel–Onsager limiting law (DHO) at very low concentrations, the Fuoss equation of 1978 up to 0.1 mol.dm−3, the Casteel–Amis empirical equation and the quasi-lattice model (QLM) at moderate and higher concentrations. The molar conductivities at infinite dilution, obtained using DHO and QLM were quite different from each other, because the salt forms contact pairs which were underestimated in the Λ = f(C1/3) in QLM, as it may well be proved by Raman spectroscopy. Besides, the value of Madelung constant suggests that LiCl crystallises face centred cubic (FCC) at higher concentrations. On the basis of Raman spectroscopy analysis of previous lithium salts, we assume that the dissociation coefficient varies slightly with concentration and fraction of paired ion constant, the QLM equation is applied successfully in the concentration range used in this study. The temperature dependency of conductivity was also described using the Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher (VTF) empirical equation where the Arrhenius type was found. The results also suggest that as NaCl, LiCl can be considered as a structure maker electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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3. Energy management based on frequency approach in an electrical hybrid boat

Author

Brayima Dakyo, Alireza Payman, Mamadou Bailo Camara, Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Test bench, Engineering, energy management, 02 engineering and technology, Propulsion, 7. Clean energy, Load profile, boats, diesel generator, propulsion operations, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mathematical model, 0203 mechanical engineering, electric motors, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Supercapacitors, supercapacitor, lithium-battery, dynamic response, diesel-PMG, programmable electrical load, Electrical engineering, DC-DC power convertors, 020302 automobile design & engineering, DC-AC converters, thruster system, dSPACE-based test bench, Three-phase, three phase controlled rectifier, load profile simulation, Diesel generator, Electric motor, Electrical load, diesel-electric generators, rectifying circuits, Permanent magnet synchronous generator, hybrid electric vehicles, marine propulsion, Batteries, frequency approach, Fluctuations, energy management systems, permanent magnet generators, cells (electric), business.industry, DC-link, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, DC-AC power convertors, supercapacitor bank, Generators, EHB, variable speed diesel permanent magnet generator, battery bank, dynamic responses, Electrical Hybrid Boat, business, permanent magnet motors, bidirectional DC-DC converters, bidirectional DC/DC converter
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents a frequency-based approach energy management in an Electrical Hybrid Boat (EHB) application. An association of a variable speed Diesel Permanent Magnet Generator (Diesel-PMG) with a supercapacitor and a battery bank is proposed to satisfy energetic demand of EHB. The supercapacitor and the battery bank are connected to DC-link via bidirectional DC/DC converters, while the variable speed Diesel Generator is connected to DC-link through a three phase controlled rectifier. The two DC/AC converters connected to two electric motors are used as thrusters system which emulates energetic demand of Electrical Hybrid Boat in propulsion operations. Power requirements of the thrusters are then emulated in a programmable electrical load to simulate the load profile. The contribution of this paper is focused on load's profile sharing between a variable speed Diesel Generator, a supercapacitor and a battery bank according to dynamic responses of each source. The performances of proposed method are evaluated through experimental results obtained by a dSPACE-based test bench.

Published
2016
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4. Real time energy management for hybrid electric boat applications — Using variable speed diesel generator and lithium-battery

Author

Mamadou Baïlo CAMARA, Dakyo, B., Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Current control method, Buck-boost converter, Lithium-battery, hybrid electric vehicles, hybrid electric boat applications, secondary cells, Batteries, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], DC/AC converters, Fluctuations, energy management systems, permanent magnet generators, variable speed drives, variable speed diesel-permanent magnet generator, Diesel engines, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Energy management, DC/DC converters, 10.1109/AQTR.2016.7501371 AC/DC converter, DC-AC power convertors, Boats, Generators, rectifiers, real time energy management, lithium-battery module, Frequency control, three phase controlled rectifier, Diesel generator, Frequency approach, Hybrid Electric Boat
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents energy management improvement for a Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) applications using frequency approach. A variable speed Diesel-Permanent Magnet Generator (Diesel-PMG) is assisted by the lithium-battery to satisfy energetic demand of HEB. The lithium-battery module is connected to DC-bus through a buck-boost converter, and that of the variable speed Diesel Generator, it is connected to DC-bus using three phase controlled rectifier. The two DC/AC converters connected to two electric motors are used as thrusters system which enables to emulate energetic demand of Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) in propulsion operations. The power requirement of thrusters is added to embedded appliances demand to obtain load's profile. The contribution of this paper is focused on load's profile sharing between a variable speed Diesel Generator and Lithium-battery according to the dynamic responses of sources. The performances of proposed method are evaluated through some simulations using MATALB/Simulink software and experimental tests in reduced scale.

Published
2016

5. Energy Management in Hybrid Electric Boat Based on Frequency Distribution Approach - Using Diesel, Lithium-Battery and Supercapacitors

Author

Brayima Dakyo, Zhibin Zhou, Mamadou Bailo Camara, K. Bellache, Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Electric motor, Engineering, diesel-electric generators, energy management, Energy management, 02 engineering and technology, Propulsion, Polynomials, 7. Clean energy, hybrid electric vehicles, bidirectional converters, secondary cells, diesel generator, Batteries, frequency distribution, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Rectifier, 0203 mechanical engineering, electric motors, Hardware_GENERAL, DC/AC converters, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, energy management systems, lithium-battery, Supercapacitor, supercapacitors, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, thrusters system, MATALB/Simulink software, 020302 automobile design & engineering, Converters, Boats, Generators, Three-phase, Frequency control, hybrid electric boat, rectifier, Diesel generator, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents energy management improvement for a Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) using frequency approach. Diesel generator is assisted by supercapacitors and lithium-battery to satisfy energetic demand of hybrid electric boat. Supercapacitors and lithium-battery are linked to DC-bus through two bidirectional converters, and diesel generator is connected to DC-bus using three phase controlled rectifier. DC/AC converters connected to two electric motors are used as thrusters system which enables to emulate energetic demand of Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) in propulsion operations. The power requirement of thrusters is added to embedded appliances demand to obtain load's profile. The contribution of this paper is focused on load's profile sharing between Diesel generator, supercapacitors and lithium-battery according to the dynamic responses of these sources. Proposed method performances are evaluated through some simulations using MATALB/Simulink software.

Published
2015
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6. Energy management for Hybrid Electric Vehicles using load power fluctuation compensation - ultracapacitors and lithium-battery

Author

Camara, Mamadou Baïlo, Camara, M.B., Dakyo, B., Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Engineering, business.product_category, energy management, Current control method, Energy management, Buck-boost converter, Automatic frequency control, battery pack, Hybrid Electric Vehicle, load power fluctuation compensation, Lithium-battery, 7. Clean energy, AC/AC converter, lithium compounds, hybrid electric vehicles, secondary cells, Li-battery connection, Batteries, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mathematical model, DC/AC converter, Ultracapacitors, Electric vehicle, Supercapacitors, HEV behavior, energy management systems, DC-bus, Supercapacitor, business.industry, automotive electrics, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, DC/DC converters, DC-AC power convertors, dynamic drive cycle, Battery pack, Polynomial control, electrical machine, ultracapacitors module, load (electric), Frequency control, Inverter, frequency distribution approach, business, Frequency approach, Driving cycle
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents ultracapacitors (U) and lithium-battery connection with an energy management strategy based on the frequency distribution approach. The module of ultracapacitors is linked to DC-bus through the buck-boost converter, and that of the lithium-battery is connected to DC-bus without a converter. DC/AC converter (inverter) and electrical machine (EM) are used to emulate the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) behavior. The contribution of this paper is focused on demand energy in HEV sharing between ultracapacitors module and battery pack according to the dynamic responses of these sources. The performances of the proposed method are evaluated through some simulations and experimental tests using a dynamic drive cycle.

Published
2015
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7. Hybrid Electric Boat based on variable speed Diesel Generator and lithium-battery - using frequency approach for energy management

Author

Brayima Dakyo, K. Bellache, Mamadou Bailo Camara, Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Engineering, AC/DC converter, Propulsion, 7. Clean energy, boats, lithium compounds, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], electric motors, DC-bus, dynamic response, lithium battery, Diesel engines, Electrical engineering, Energy management, DC/DC converters, HEB applications, load profile sharing, Three-phase, propulsion operation, three phase controlled rectifier, Diesel generator, Electric motor, diesel-electric generators, Current control method, rectifying circuits, Buck-boost converter, Permanent magnet synchronous generator, Lithium-battery, hybrid electric vehicles, secondary cells, DC-AC converter, Rectifier, Batteries, frequency approach, energy management systems, permanent magnet generators, variable speed diesel-permanent magnet generator, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, electric propulsion, thrusters system, DC-AC power convertors, DC-BUS, Generators, energy management improvement, Electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, Integrated circuit modeling, Frequency control, hybrid electric boat, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents energy management improvement for a Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) applications using frequency approach. A variable speed Diesel-Permanent Magnet Generator (Diesel-PMG) is assisted by the lithium-battery to satisfy energetic demand of HEB. The lithium-battery module is connected to DC-bus through a buck-boost converter, and that of the variable speed Diesel Generator, it is connected to DC-bus using three phase controlled rectifier. The two DC/AC converters connected to two electric motors are used as thrusters system which enables to emulate energetic demand of Hybrid Electric Boat (HEB) in propulsion operations. The power requirement of thrusters is added to embedded appliances demand to obtain load's profile. The contribution of this paper is focused on load's profile sharing between a variable speed Diesel Generator and Lithium-battery according to the dynamic responses of sources. The performances of proposed method are evaluated through some simulations using MATALB/Simulink software.

Published
2015
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8. Energy management in the decentralized generation systems based on renewable energy sources

Author

Mamadou Bailo Camara, A. Tani, Brayima Dakyo, Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Engineering, air conditioning, 02 engineering and technology, Micro-grid, 7. Clean energy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Mathematical model, Ultracapacitors, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Supercapacitors, wind energy, Analytical models, electrical energy consumption, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Photovoltaic systems, microgrid energy management, multimedia, Wind power, Electrical engineering, Energy management, DC/DC converters, PV panel, Polynomial control, programmable DC-source, DC distribution, electronic devices, Distributed generation, diesel generator behavior emulation, energy storage devices, Residential energy, batteries, residential microgrid applications, Current control method, 020209 energy, Lithium-battery, Energy storage, energy management method, distributed power generation, decentralized energy generation systems, Intermittent energy source, computers, energy management systems, DC current, renewable energy sources, Pumped-storage hydroelectricity, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, photovoltaic panels, Photovoltaic panel, Energy technology, Maximum power point tracking, electronics load, dynamic responses, Grid energy storage, business, multisource systems
Abstract

International audience; The DC distribution in the multisource systems seems to be a reasonable solution because the supplied energy is in the DC form for several sources, such as the photovoltaic panels (PV), the batteries, and the Ultracapacitors. Additionally, the major parts of the used electronics devises in the buildings operate with the DC current, such as computers, air conditioning, and multimedia. Based on these remarks, the authors propose an energy management method for the decentralized energy generation systems. The studied system includes the renewable energy sources (wind energy, and photovoltaic panels), the energy storage devices (lithium-battery, and Ultracapacitors), a programmable DC-Source for the Diesel generator behavior emulation, and the electronics load which emulate the electrical energy consumption in the building. Contrary to the previously works, the proposed control method is focused on the residential micro-grid energy management according to the dynamic responses of the sources and their availability. The performances of the method are evaluated through some simulations and the experimental tests, dedicated to residential micro-grid applications.

Published
2012
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9. Energy management based on two-phase interleaved buck-boost and boost converters for Electric Vehicles applications - using lithium-battery and fuel cell

Author

Brayima Dakyo, Mamadou Bailo Camara, Hamid Gualous, Groupe de Recherche en Electrotechnique et Automatique du Havre (GREAH), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Universitaire des Sciences Appliquées de Cherbourg (LUSAC), and Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN)

Subjects
Engineering, Energy management, Context (language use), Lithium-battery, Polynomials, fuel cell vehicles, 7. Clean energy, Interleaved buck-boost converter, energy management method, converter efficiency, Dynamic control, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Batteries, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], currents control methods, PIC18F4431 microcontrollers, Electronic engineering, energy management systems, EV applications, Fuel cells, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Li, Buck converter, business.industry, Boost converter, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Buck–boost converter, Voltage measurement, polynomial correctors, Converters, Current measurement, Polynomial control, energetic autonomy problems, power convertors, Microcontroller, lithium, Fuel Cell, Voltage control, dc-bus voltage, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, electric vehicles applications, electric current control, microcontrollers, two-phase interleaved buck-boost converters, Voltage
Abstract

International audience; This paper deals the energy management method between the lithium-battery and the fuel cell for the Electric Vehicles (EV) applications. This idea is due to the present trend in the EV applications, knowing that the major drawback in these last one is the energetic autonomy problems. In this context, using the lithium-battery and the fuel cell with a good strategy for energy management is a promising solution to improve the system's performances. This paper is focused on the DC-bus voltage and the currents control methods based on the two-phase interleaved buck-boost and boost converters using the polynomial's correctors. The two-phase interleaved buck-boost converter is proposed to do a good compromise between the cost and the converter's efficiency. The efficiency of the two-phase interleaved converter is compared to that of the conventional buck-boost converter. The proposed control methods are implemented in the two PIC18F4431 microcontrollers to control the experimental tests bench. Through some experimental results obtained in the reduced scale, the authors present an improved energy management method for the EV applications.

Published
2012
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