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This article aims to analyze the concept of evaluation adopted by the Latin American Laboratory for the Assessment of Quality Education (LLECE), an agency linked to the United Nations for Education, Science and Culture Organization (Unesco). The methodology consists in interpreting the documents resulting from the Laboratory activities. In order to organize the discussion, four topics are presented, starting with brief considerations on the LLECE history and organization. Then, some notes will follow on the First Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (1997), the activities of the Second Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (2007) and, finally, we will discuss the synthesis of the Third Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (2014). As a result, we observed that, in Brazil, large-scale assessment has converged with the LLECE guidelines in the last decades. A consolidation of a merit-based and managerial profile of assessment practices was also noted. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la concepción de evaluación adoptada por el Laboratorio Latinoamericano de Evaluación de la Calidad de la Educación (LLECE), organismo vinculado a la Organización de las Naciones Unidas Para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (Unesco). La metodología se refiere a la interpretación de los documentos resultantes de las actividades del Laboratorio. Con el propósito de organizar la discusión se presentan cuatro tópicos. Inicialmente, breves consideraciones sobre el historial y la organización del LLECE. A continuación, consideraciones relativas al Primer Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (1997), a las actividades del Segundo Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (2007) y, por fin, la síntesis del Tercer Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (2014). Como resultado, señalamos que la evaluación en gran escala en Brasil converge con las orientaciones del LLECE en las últimas décadas. Se constata la consolidación de un perfil gerencial y basado en la meritocracia para las prácticas evaluativas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a concepção de avaliação adotada pelo Laboratório Latino-Americano de Avaliação da Qualidade da Educação (LLECE), órgão ligado à Organização das Nações Unidas Para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco). A metodologia se constitui na interpretação dos documentos resultantes das atividades do Laboratório. Com o intuito de organizar a discussão, quatro tópicos são apresentados. Inicialmente, breves considerações sobre o histórico e a organização do LLECE. Na sequência, apontamentos referentes ao Primeiro Estudo Regional Comparativo e Explicativo (1997), as atividades do Segundo Estudo Regional Comparativo e Explicativo (2007) e, por fim, a síntese do Terceiro Estudo Regional Comparativo e Explicativo (2014). Como resultado, sinalizou-se que a avaliação em larga escala, no Brasil, converge com as orientações do LLECE nas últimas décadas. Constata-se a consolidação de um perfil meritocrata e gerencial para as práticas avaliativas.

El presente Trabajo Final de Máster “Estudio y Análisis Comparativo de los Sistemas de Evaluación de la Calidad de la Educación a Nivel Latinoamericano” analiza las dos principales escalas de evaluación educativa estandarizada de la región, la primera desarrollada por el Laboratorio Latinoamericano de Evaluación de la Calidad de la Educación (LLECE) a través del Tercer Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (TERCE) versus el conocido informe PISA o Programa Internacional para la Evaluación de Estudiantes la cual es realizada por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE). El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la situación educativa de la región por medio de la comparación de los resultados obtenidos por nueve países del área que participaron en ambas pruebas internacionales aplicadas en los niveles de educación primaria y secundaria. Con este estudio se busca e intenta identificar las posibles causas de las diferencias existentes entre ambas escalas de medición para así comprender los resultados de cara al desarrollo de las políticas educativas de Latinoamérica y el Caribe. This Master’s Degree Final Project "Research and Comparative Analysis of the Assessment Systems of the Quality of Education in Latin America" analyzes the two main scales of standardized educational assessment of the region, the first one developed by the Latin American Laboratory for the Assessment of the Quality of Education (LLECE) through the Third Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (TERCE) versus the well-known PISA report or Programme for International Student Assessment which is carried out by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The purpose of this research is to know the educational situation of the region through the comparison of the results obtained by nine countries of the area that participated in both international tests applied in primary and secondary education levels. This research seeks and tries to identify the possible causes of the differences between both measurement scales in order to understand the results for the development of educational policies in Latin America and the Caribbean.

This paper presents the largest globally comparable panel database of education quality. The database includes 163 countries and regions over 1965-2015. The globally comparable achievement outcomes were constructed by linking standardized, psychometrically-robust international and regional achievement tests. The paper contributes to the literature in the following ways: (1) it is the largest and most current globally comparable data set, covering more than 90 percent of the global population; (2) the data set includes 100 developing areas and the most developing countries included in such a data set to date -- the countries that have the most to gain from the potential benefits of a high-quality education; (3) the data set contains credible measures of globally comparable achievement distributions as well as mean scores; (4) the data set uses multiple methods to link assessments, including mean and percentile linking methods, thus enhancing the robustness of the data set; (5) the data set includes the standard errors for the estimates, enabling explicit quantification of the degree of reliability of each estimate; and (6) the data set can be disaggregated across gender, socioeconomic status, rural/urban, language, and immigration status, thus enabling greater precision and equity analysis. A first analysis of the data set reveals a few important trends: learning outcomes in developing countries are often clustered at the bottom of the global scale; although variation in performance is high in developing countries, the top performers still often perform worse than the bottom performers in developed countries; gender gaps are relatively small, with high variation in the direction of the gap; and distributions reveal meaningfully different trends than mean scores, with less than 50 percent of students reaching the global minimum threshold of proficiency in developing countries relative to 86 percent in developed countries. The paper also finds a positive and significant association between educational achievement and economic growth. The data set can be used to benchmark global progress on education quality, as well as to uncover potential drivers of education quality, growth, and development.