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Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder caused by a cerebral lesion, such as a stroke. People with aphasia can experience various difficulties that may involve speaking, listening, reading, or writing. These difficulties have multiple impacts on their expression of their needs, interests, and opinions. Accordingly, people with aphasia often encounter barriers and facilitators when using local services, which reduces their participation. For instance, grocery shopping or going to a coffee house can be challenging for them. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to synthetize the barriers and facilitators for people with aphasia when using local services. Following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guidelines, five databases and Google Scholar were searched for the literature published through April 2024. A total of nine studies were included in the present work. The results highlight that most of the barriers to communicational access to local services are environmental ones related to other people or society. A few environmental facilitators were mentioned, but these were mainly a reflection of the barriers. Personal facilitators were noted, but people with aphasia said that they were insufficient for counterbalancing environmental barriers. The results highlight the need to raise awareness of aphasia.

Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder caused by a cerebral lesion, such as a stroke. People with aphasia can experience various difficulties that may involve speaking, listening, reading, or writing. These difficulties have multiple impacts on their expression of their needs, interests, and opinions. Accordingly, people with aphasia often encounter barriers and facilitators when using local services, which reduces their participation. For instance, grocery shopping or going to a coffee house can be challenging for them. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to synthetize the barriers and facilitators for people with aphasia when using local services. Following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guidelines, five databases and Google Scholar were searched for the literature published through April 2024. A total of nine studies were included in the present work. The results highlight that most of the barriers to communicational access to local services are environmental ones related to other people or society. A few environmental facilitators were mentioned, but these were mainly a reflection of the barriers. Personal facilitators were noted, but people with aphasia said that they were insufficient for counterbalancing environmental barriers. The results highlight the need to raise awareness of aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Estudios de la Administración Local y Autonómica is the property of Instituto Nacional de Administracion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lex Humana is the property of Lex Humana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wieś & Rolnictwo is the property of Instytut Rozwoju Wsi & Rolnictwa, Polska Akademia Nauk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concept of the 15-minute city is receiving increasing attention, both in planning practices and in the academic literature, especially now that the pandemic has made evident the need for a minimum set of proximity-based services accessible by active travel. Most issues of this concept can be traced back to more or less past planning ideas such as the garden city, the neighbourhood unit, the superblock etc.; however, further studies are needed, as many theoretical and methodological questions for its implementation remain unresolved. The paper presents a methodology to operationalise the concept of the 15-minute city, in order to show which parts of the city and what percentage of its population can access a location of a given service on foot within three time thresholds (5, 10 and 15 minutes). The methodology is tested on the Italian city of Turin. The results show that, at least in dense European cities such as the case study, the 15-minute threshold cannot always be assumed as the necessarily most appropriate target, since many services can already be reached by foot within this time, or even less, by the majority of the population. Moreover, the levels of accessibility to services are significantly determined by the number and spatial distribution of the locations of these services. Finally, a recovery of the operational research on accessibility measures and indicators that was developed in the field of regional sciences in the second half of the last century and in the last twenty years is recommended to complexify the operationalisation of the 15-minute city concept.

Purpose: The cultural policy of the Republic of Turkey was carried out between the years 1932-1950 by means of the People's Houses. This study aims to discuss the destruction of books and libraries with the law on the closure of People's House which was mentioned in the Official Gazette dated 11 August 1951. Method: The descriptive method was used in the study. The hypothesis of the study is that the closure of People's House, which is a non-governmental organization, caused the destruction of about 1000 libraries and the slaughter of hundreds of thousands of books. Findings: The number of books in the People's House, which were established on February 19, 1932 in order to promote and disseminate Atatürk's principles and revolutions throughout the country and to keep the state's cultural policy alive, exceeded 750 000, and the number of libraries in the People's House, People's Rooms and People's Reading Rooms reached to one thousand. Implications: People's House libraries functioned very properly as public libraries for 19 years, especially fulfilling their purpose within the local environment. Beyond the closure of People's House with the transition to the multi-party period, most of the books in these cultural institutions were looted, destroyed, and libraries were closed. Originality: In the study, only the local activities and library services of the Library and Publication Branch of the People's House, which serve with nine branches; This disgraceful situation on behalf of Turkish librarianship is examined for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Çankırı Karatekin University Journal of the Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Cankiri Karatekin University, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The delivery of local services is one of Swiss local governments' main tasks and has a long tradition of public provision. In the last few decades, a shift from in-house production to the corporatization of utilities has emerged in Switzerland, but the public sector is still seen as predominant in the provision of local services. This research explores the current situation of urban utilities in Switzerland and which factors influence the opportunities for the private sector in the provision of energy services at the local level. Results show that opportunities for the private sector and disruptive actors in energy services might rely on partnerships with public institutions and on innovative services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geleneksel kamu yönetimi ve yeni kamu işletmeciliğinin eksikliklerine ve pratikteki sorunlarına da dikkat çekerek yeni birtakım kıstaslarla yeni kamu hizmeti adı verilen model ortaya atılmıştır. Bu model kamu hizmetlerinin yürütülmesi sürecinde temel ve çok boyutlu dinamikleri de dikkate alan bir yaklaşımı benimsemektedir. Bu açıdan kamusal mal ve hizmetlerin üretilmesinde ve yönetilmesinde yeni bir anlayışın ortaya çıkması da kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Kuşkusuz kamu hizmetlerinin bir boyutu da yerel kamu hizmetlerine dairdir. Bu alanda merkezi idarenin taşra teşkilatları kadar çalışmamızın odak noktasını oluşturan belediyelerin kamu hizmetlerinin yürütülmesinde benimsedikleri metotlar incelenmiş, uygulamadaki bazı sorunlara dikkat çekilerek muhtemel riskler konu edinilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda yeni kamu hizmeti anlayışının Türkiye’de yerel düzeyde nasıl bir konumda olduğu resmedilmeye çalışılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın amacı yeni kamu hizmeti modelinin Türkiye’de yerel kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda ne ölçüde işletilebildiği ve yerel yönetimlerin kamu hizmetlerinin yürütülmesinde hangi yolları takip etmeye çalıştıkları kamu yararı ve katılım olgusu ile özelleştirme uygulamaları kapsamında değerlendirilecektir. Bu bağlamda pratikteki sorunlara dikkat çekilerek yerel kamu hizmetlerinin daha katılımcı ve vatandaş odaklı işletilebilmesinde alternatif mekanizmalar ve öneriler sunulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Background and purpose: Establishing multi-professional, interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral teams are presently regarded as a preferred strategy to address complex problems within person-centred services in health and social care. In Norway, successive governments have initiated the establishment of teams locally. However, despite national support for establishing teams, the local implementation remains a challenge. The purpose of this paper is to cast light on the piloting of two team organisations recently proposed by national health authorities to ease the co-work taking place in local multi-professional and inter-sectoral teams in health and social services. The analytical model used is presented by Reeves et al, (2009) and is a generic approach to factors that promote/prevent successful teamwork. Theory/Methods: National policies are developed within silos and local governments and are designed as solutions to the inherent tensions of often inconsistent demands from users, services and health authorities. The analyses, thus, will use organisation theory to address the question of firstly, why teams are implemented locally (e.g. Thompson, 1964, Stabell and Fjeldstad, 1996). Secondly, the question of how teams are organised (e.g. Axelsson and Axelsson, 2009; Berlin et al, 2009; Reeves et al 2009, Øvretveit, 1996). The paper is based on mixed methods; document studies, a survey and interviews are reanalysed to synthesise findings about contextual, organisational, processual and relational factors determining the implementation of teams locally. Findings and discussion: Findings indicate that it is difficult to establish generalised knowledge about factors determining the success of teams. Contextual factors are important especially in the matrix type of organisation, which create challenges of authority and autonomy. Teams may be “wedged” into a crowded service field, adding to the coordination problems they are supposed to reduce. Organisational factors separate particularly between cross-functional teams (members working mostly in their mother services) and multidisciplinary teams (members working full time in teams), the latter being more efficient in their internal work. Processual factors are particularly about the number of tasks and degree of complexity in work tasks: a high number of tasks and the more complex these tasks are, the less likely it is that the team manage to reach their goals. Relational factors deal mostly with the cooperation between representatives from different professions. The intention to work in non-hierarchical work settings is important, especially for the development of new roles and knowledge about team work. Conclusions: In the context of Norwegian local health and welfare system, the “wedging” of teams into crowded service fields calls for clear leadership roles in teams as well as mother organisations. Routines for devolving authority for team members to actually engage in teamwork should be established, and knowledge about teamwork should be developed and distributed among relevant staff and team members to create roles efficient for teamwork. Limitations/suggestions for future research: Data reanalysed for the purpose of this paper does not capture the whole picture of teamwork. Future research should use an explorative design and more ethnographic methods.

This paper has been written to confirm the economic value of our traditional main street centres as we move into a digital world of smart cities, online shopping and increasingly digital, rather than physical interaction. It highlights the need for, and benefit of, traditional centres to be supported as they continue to evolve and address the emerging issues of the 2020s, in the same way that they have evolved in line with urban evolution over the past 200 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognizing the opportunity for Public Administration to directly commit a public local service is an attempt to conciliate the Competition Policy of the European Law and the self-organization power recognized to Public Administration. PA is not obliged to lift these services out, but only to respect the public contract regulation if PA decides to turn to market as the most suitable solution to grant the affordability, the efficiency and the efficacy of the administrative action. The In house providing is the result of the enhancement of the self-organization power recognized to Public Administration: it assumes that a public subject has the power to externalize some activities in order to fulfil many public interest tasks, promoting the creation of new organizational models as instruments that could determine and increase innovation processes, improve workers performances and their wellness, as well. However, this operation must be organized in order not to compromise any rules that regulate a correct market operation, and so not violating any rules contained in the Competition policy Treaty. This paper will talk about the most important steps in this institution evolution, to highlight the negative approach about its use by the Italian legislator - and so the national Courts - that considers this practice a derogatory instrument of the competition policy. Even if the European guidelines about contracts have fixed the principle of "free administration by public authorities", the Italian legislator imposed many limits to the use of the In house providing in the new public contracts guideline (art. 192, comma 2, d.lgs n.50/2016), highlighting a basic adversity against this system and promoting a derogatory and exceptionally perspective of its nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the increasing effect of pollution on public health has moved the attention of local authorities toward innovative strategies to promote low-carbon mobility. The bicycle is both an alternative to private cars and can complement the use of them, especially in medium- and small-sized towns. For this reason, it is important to focus on designing facilities and services linked to soft mobility (pedestrian, bicycle, roller skates, and skateboard transfer). This article presents a context and technical analysis as a case study, in the framework of the regional project [include full name of project here] (P.A.S.Ca.L.), which deals with a bike lane network for urban and suburban mobility. This network would also work as an important tool to enhance the landscape and cultural heritage of the Susa Valley. Working with the Municipality of Almese (Turin, Italy), this study presents the exploratory investigation to promote soft mobility by improving and redesigning the existing cycle tracks, including the technical feasibility and the economic assessment of the project. The main purpose of the project is to facilitate the daily travelling requirements of local inhabitants through secure bike lanes and also to propose a sustainable choice for tourism. Context analysis, user-centered design and research on innovative and sustainable materials for road paving and public lighting are important aspects considered in the design process, in order to present new opportunities in future development of soft mobility in the metropolitan area of Turin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Aksaray University Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Aksaray Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Aksaray University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Macedonia began the process of fiscal decentralization in July 2005. Decentralization, including fiscal decentralization, has the goal to bringing local government services close to its residents. This paper provides a descriptive account of the fiscal decentralization in Macedonia. Critiques argue that fiscal decentralization did not reduce dominance of already developed municipalities such as the City of Skopje and did not necessarily improve the services to its constituents. It has also been contended that money transferred to local government units is insufficient. This paper points to another problem, institutional incapacity to spend their money. Further research is needed to determine the roots of this major problem. Keywords: Geopolitic, Geostrategy, USA, EU, Russia, China, Turkey, Balkan, Euroasia, Sovereignty, Economic investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores trends in business retention and expansion (BRE) and business clusters over the last two decades (1994–2014). Using national surveys of local governments, this article finds that BRE has evolved from a focus on strengthening branch plants and their competitive links to parent firms to a broader emphasis on building local business cluster networks. BRE strategies have diffused across the nation, but business clusters are more common in metro core cities. Municipalities that have written economic development plans and use local funding are more likely to use BRE. This article finds cluster strategies are embedded in a broader set of community economic development strategies that strengthen quality of life and the foundation for community wellbeing. Unlike Michael Porter’s emphasis on business clusters and competitiveness alone, this article finds economic developers recognize the need to focus not only on business clusters and competitiveness, but also on local services. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Günümüzde yerel yönetimler kamusal hizmetlerin büyük bir kısmınıüstlenmişlerdir. Zamanla sunulan kentsel hizmetler hem çeşitlenmek hem de bu hizmetler için kamu kaynaklarının etkin kullanılmasıgerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Kamusal hizmetlerinin sunulmasında hizmetten faydalanan halkın tercihlerinin dikkate alınmasıhem kamusal kaynakların rasyonel olarak kullanılmasınısağlamakta hem de halkın kamu hizmetlerinden memnuniyet derecesini arttırmaktadır. Dolaysıyla belediyeler vatandaşların ihtiyaçlarınıkarşılayabildikleri ve memnuniyet düzeylerini sağladıklarıölçüde başarılı/etkin olarak tanımlanabilirler. Bu çalışmada Isparta ilinde 2004 ve 2009 yerel seçimleri sonucunda göreve gelmişiki belediye yönetiminin döneminde yürüttüğü kentsel hizmetlere ilişkin vatandaşın memnuniyet algısıkarşılaştırmalıolarak ölçümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ağustos-Eylül 2007 ve EylülEkim 2011 yıllarında her iki dönemi de içine alan bir alan araştırmasıyürütülerek veriler toplanmıştır. Yapılan çeşitli istatistiksel analizlerle, demografik bulgular, Belediye hizmetlerini takip ve yararlanma düzeyine ilişkin bulgular ve son olarak belediye hizmetlerinden memnuniyet bulgularıbaşlıklarıaltında iki döneme yönelik sonuçlar karşılaştırmalıolarak elde edilmiştir.

In our study ,the efficiency of the local administration on presenting social service has been studied.Because of the specific example, a field research has been done in Salihli municipality.At first information has been given.Later ,the information about the Salihli municipaliyts application of jeothermal has been gathered ,by a poll (system) consequently,the research on the Salihli manicipalitys presentation of jeothermal service has been done and the results of the research have been analyzed.

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Local governments are increasingly utilising the public–private partnership (PPP) model as a means of organising service delivery in the public–private domain. This article examines the experiences with construction and operation of 131 PPP wastewater treatment plants in the region of Aragon, Spain. The study highlights how an inadequate management of construction risk and unsuitable transfer of demand and revenue risk resulted in significant time delays in execution of the PPP projects. The research also shows how the involvement of public bodies at local, regional and national level further added to the complexity of implementing the projects. The findings contribute to the literature on local service delivery and provide insights regarding risk transfer in long-term PPP contracts for the delivery of local services in general and water services in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose – Ageing and population movement from rural regions to regional centres have raised new questions regarding the value of locally available services. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of individuals’ functioning status, housing arrangements and social context on services value. The authors approach the topic with the following research question: how do the personal capabilities and social spheres of rural residents influence demand for local services? Design/methodology/approach – Results are based on a postal survey conducted in southeast Finland. Data were collected using a random sample of 3,000 people from age 60 to 90 years in rural areas surrounding a regional centre. A total of 1,121 valid responses were received. Findings – The influence of individuals’ mobility on value depended on the travel distance between services and living arrangements. The authors find that subjective norms and social interactions influenced attitudes; meanwhile, the government indirectly influenced the perceived value of services. Research limitations/implications – The self-efficacy of future rural populations in adopting new services would also be a worthwhile topic. Further research should compare different living arrangements and cultures. Originality/value – The findings of this study highlight the importance of community-wide interventions. Governmental influence did not have a direct influence on perceived value of service but has significance for the subjective norm. The moderation effect, however, revealed that governmental influence is significant where community population density is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on two European Union-funded projects: Life 2.0, which was recently completed, and My Neighbourhood, which is still ongoing. The goal of the former was to create locationbased and socially networked services to support elderly people in living independently. The aim of the latter is to develop a platform to activate hidden or latent resources in neighbourhoods. Both of the projects are an application of service design to the public sector and together provide useful insights about designing and scaling up highly localized and personalized services and service platforms. While several analogies can be found between the existing generation of social networking platforms and the services proposed in these projects, there are also several important differences that challenge the way local and individual services should be designed in the perspective of being scaled up to larger contexts. This paper reflects on the lesson learned from the work undertaken so far and proposes criteria and hypotheses for the diffusion of these types of services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the types of management of social housing areas from the temporal point of view. Two sorts of relationships to time in particular are described in order to analyze how they work together (or not) and how they are (or not) synchronized. Our aim is to show up the dissonances between the physical time involved in the relationship with the resident and the postponement that long-distance management induces. For the systems for managing the relation to the resident contribute to postponing the answer to requests by creating two separate temporalities, one implying the direct relationship with the resident, the other implying delays. That particularity creates temporal conflicts for the agency’s employees connected to that form of management as well as specific temporalities that come from their involvement in the field.

Current digital terrestrial television networks make use of either single frequency networks (SFN) or multifrequency networks (MFN). These network topologies are not ideally suited for delivery of both global and local services in an efficient way. MFNs enable the efficient transmission of local services but need a significant amount of frequency spectrum. The basic principle of SFNs is that all transmitters radiate the same signal synchronized in time and frequency, therefore are especially suitable for global services due to mutual support of the signal by multiple transmitters. Without violating the SFN principle, local services meant to address sub-regions of an SFN must therefore be transmitted throughout the whole network, causing inefficient distribution of local services. This paper describes the complementary techniques adopted by the next generation mobile broadcasting standard digital video broadcasting—next generation handheld for providing global and local contents in SFN topologies: hierarchical modulation (H-LSI) and orthogonal local services insertion (O-LSI) techniques. H-LSI uses hierarchical modulation to transmit local services on top of the global services in areas close to the transmitters, by transmitting the local services in the low priority stream and the global services in the high priority stream. The O-LSI scheme specifies groups of OFDM subcarriers in specific OFDM symbols for the exclusive use of particular transmitters to transmit local services. For both techniques, the transmission of local content through the whole SFN network can be scheduled in a way that different local areas do not interfere with each other. In addition to the description of both H-LSI and O-LSI schemes, the applicability of these approaches in terms of network topologies, implementation issues, and performance evaluation are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Croatian & Comparative Public Administration is the property of Institut za Javnu Upravu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The last quarter century has seen the rapid rise of walled or gated communities in a number of cities across the globe, including in Canada. Many claims have been made about those who move into gated communities. It has been said that the rise of gated living leads to segregation, driven by fear of crime or a desire for ‘civic secession’ as wealthy and/or white communities seek to separate themselves from different others. Alternatively, some scholars argue that such forms of community arise mainly from preferences for shared amenities and specialised facilities or from an emphasis placed on the protection of property values and thus do not imply a process of social segregation. Such arguments have different implications for how gated communities might affect the planning of the city. However, it is unclear whether gated community residents differ socio-demographically from other urban residents in Canada, and the preferences driving residential location decisions remain unknown. This article sheds light on such issues, through a survey of respondents living in three Canadian metropolitan regions (Vancouver, Calgary and Toronto), approximately one-quarter of which reside within twenty different gated communities. The results show that there are few socio-demographic differences between gated and non-gated community suburban residents and that gated communities are not at present vehicles of class or racial segregation in Canada’s cities. However, gated community residents do report statistically different preferences that lead them to move into such communities. The implications of this research are discussed in relation to these preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal Architecture & Planning is the property of King Saud University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper demonstrates how the tribal administrations in Bechuanaland Protectorate (now Botswana), despite severe logistical, financial and personnel constraints, played a significant role in the provision of the much needed local services from as early as 1900. In some East and West African colonies this began only in the 1950s after the Second World War and towards independence. Moreover, the tribal administrations in Bechuanaland were able to do this in spite of constrains of inefficiency and conservatism of some Chiefs, and the ill-treatment of the subject tribes. Therefore, it is argued that the tribal administration in Bechuanaland had a developmental thrust which may explain the uniqueness of post-colonial Botswana, which took a completely different route to that of other Sub-Saharan African countries in terms of service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]