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Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La conservación de la biodiversidad del sur del departamento de Córdoba, específicamente en el Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo, enfrenta desafíos debido a los procesos de intervención antrópica, especialmente vinculados con la cacería de mamíferos. Las comunidades campesinas e indígenas hacen uso de los recursos de la selva húmeda no solo por tradición cultural, sino también por necesidad. Por esto, implica comprender las dinámicas culturales y económicas, al integrar el conocimiento local con el conocimiento científico, promoviendo la participación comunitaria para crear estrategias de conservación que sean culturalmente aceptadas por las comunidades.

The distribution pattern of a taxon is a consequence of historical and contemporary processes—specifically ecological and evolutionary processes—which tend to result in distributional congruence among species that respond similarly to the same processes. This congruence leads to the establishment of areas of endemism that are important for delimiting biogeographic regions. In the Neotropical region, different definitions of area of endemism have been proposed based on the distributional patterns of mammal species, each according to different methods and assumptions. In this study, we aimed to identify areas of endemism of Neotropical mammals, represented by 361 species of Placentalia (Xenarthra, Chiroptera, and Carnivora) and Marsupialia (Didelphimorphia and Paucituberculata), using an endemicity analysis implemented by the software NDM (eNDeMism software) and a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Simpson's beta dissimilarity metric (βsim). The results suggest alternative spatial configurations within northern and southern parts of the Neotropics along transition zones. Additionally, there are indications of more restricted areas of endemism throughout the Neotropical region and with more species supporting the areas, such 1 area located in the region corresponding to the Atlantic forest and 2 areas corresponding to Mexican transition zone. The study enhances our understanding of Neotropical mammal biogeography and underscores the importance of using primary distribution data. Previous studies found 82 endemic species based on range maps, whereas our analyses identified 172 endemic species, including 125 that are newly proposed as such, and also confirmed the existence of 47 previously reported endemic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of globalized industries has increased the demand for oil, increasing accidents in its exploitation and transport. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess the acute and chronic toxic effects of oil on terrestrial and aquatic mammals. A search for information was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, SciELO and other sources such as Google Scholar. The PRISMA approach was used for the analysis and selection of information, and 54 articles were selected for this systematic review. The review on mammalian exposure to hydrocarbons revealed that cetaceans are the most studied, with a focus on marine mammals. The most frequently mentionedcontaminants were oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), due to spills such as Deepwater Horizon and Exxon Valdez. These hydrocarbons cause DNA damage, inflammation and genetic mutations, affecting the health and reproduction of species, with acute and chronic impacts, underlining the need for mitigation strategies to protect marine wildlife and human health. Recent studies show that oil spills cause chronic effects on mammals, such as genetic and physiological damage, affecting their survival and reproduction. This occurs through exposure by contact, inhalation, and ingestion. This is why strict policies and effective remediation measures are needed due to bioaccumulation and difficult oil degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El Bosque Seco Tropical (Bs-T) en Colombia está altamente amenazado y actualmente cuenta con menos del 8% de su cobertura original, debido a la expansión agrícola y urbana. Se llevó a cabo un inventario de mamíferos grandes y medianos en una localidad periurbana de Bs-T en el municipio de Ibagué (departamento del Tolima), con el propósito de contribuir al conocimiento científico de este ecosistema. Se encontraron 12 especies dentro de las cuales se destaca la presencia de nutría (Lontra annectens), armadillo cola de trapo (Cabassous centralis), grisón (Galictis vittata) y chucha de agua (Chironectes minimus), siendo los primeros registros documentados para el municipio de Ibagué. Estos hallazgos resaltan la presencia de las especies en paisajes intervenidos y la importancia de conservar áreas boscosas para la fauna local, en medio de la expansión agrícola y urbana. Sin embargo, son necesarias medidas de conservación para garantizar su supervivencia, especialmente para especies vulnerables como Lontra annectens.

Libro de resúmenesde las XXXVII Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontología de Vertebrados, que tuvo lugar en la Ciudad de Corrientes (Corrientes, Argentina) del 14 al 17 de Mayo de 2024.

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se presenta una lista actualizada comentada de los mamíferos de Entre Ríos, incluyendo los recientes cambios taxonómicos y agregando nuevos registros. La recopilación de datos se basó en la revisión de la literatura, el material depositado en colecciones científicas, tesis, datos en línea (GBIF, Inaturalist, EcoRegistros y la Red Argentina de Fauna Atropellada), páginas de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Proyectos de Investigación y ONG, junto a datos inéditos del autor. Cuatro ecorregiones convergen en la provincia de Entre Ríos donde se determinaron 64 especies nativas, que corresponden a 7 Órdenes y 17 Familias, de las cuales 14 están casi amenazadas y tres con datos insuficientes. Por otro lado 10 especies presentes en la provincia son exóticas. La nueva lista destaca la disminución de especímenes de museos y paulatino aumento de los registros de campo y una legislación desactualizada. Siete especies de mamíferos nativos enfrentan algún grado de amenaza. Cuatro son Vulnerables: Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Chrysocyon brachyurus, Leopardus fasciatus, Blastocerus dichotomus, y tres están En Peligro: Bibimys torresi, Ctenomys pearsoni, Ctenomys rionegrensis. Este trabajo contribuye a conocer las especies y su estado de conservación como referencia para estudios de impacto ambiental y proporcionar información para diseñar nuevas estrategias para la gestión y conservación de los mamíferos nativos.

La relación entre el peso y la superficie del ámbito hogareño en vertebrados ha sido ya estudiada por los ecólogos. Puesto que las bases de datos utilizadas no han considerado a los carnívoros presentes en Chile y demás países Neotropicales, caracterizados por una amplia diversidad de ambientes, se realizó un análisis de correlación-regresión para ambas variables transformadas logarítmicamente para determinar si esta relación también ocurre en este caso. En concordancia con estudios previos, realizados para otras especies de mamíferos presentes en otros ambientes, también se encontró que esta relación fue lineal y alométrica con una pendiente entre 1,12 y 1,6, apoyándose su generalidad.

Las especies de felinos silvestres en El Salvador han permanecido poco estudiadas y con escasa información. Este estudio aborda esta brecha investigando las cuatro especies de felinos residentes, incluido el mamífero terrestre más grande del país, el puma (Puma concolor), y tres especies de pequeños felinos: ocelote (Leopardus pardalis), tigrillo (Leopardus wiedii) y gato zonto (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) Empleando revisión de literatura, sistemas de información geográfica, entrevistas virtuales con expertos y participación de actores locales, esta investigación es pionera en una comprensión nacional de los félidos de El Salvador. Identifica amenazas y oportunidades para la conservación, y sirve como recurso fundamental para futuros esfuerzos de conservación e investigaciones dedicadas a la preservación de los felinos silvestres. A pesar de las limitaciones inherentes, este estudio marca un paso crucial hacia la protección de las poblaciones de felinos silvestres de El Salvador y sus hábitats.

El presente estudio es un aporte al conocimiento específico de la fauna de vertebrados de la finca Los Naranjos del SENA, Centro Agroindustrial del Meta, en Granada, Meta, Colombia. El área objeto de estudio fue de aproximadamente 89,9 hectáreas. Se agruparon observaciones casuales de anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos realizadas a lo largo de seis años tanto del autor como del personal de la finca, las cuales fueron verificadas mediante fotografías para validarlas y datos de iNaturalist e eBird tomados a un máximo de diez kilómetros de la finca. No se contabilizaron las observaciones sino las especies observadas. El resultado muestra dos especies de anfibios de distinta familia, dieciocho reptiles de nueve familias repartidas en tres órdenes, 194 aves distribuidas en 54 familias de 23 órdenes y 10 especies de mamíferos de 9 familias en 5 órdenes. Tres de estas especies, una tortuga y dos mamíferos, tienen categoría de Vulnerables en la lista roja y una subespecie de primate se considera endémica del departamento. Se estima que la población de aves representa el 10% del total de la biodiversidad de esta clase en Colombia.

Los pequeños roedores son los reservorios naturales más importantes de especies patógenas de Leptospira spp. En Yucatán, México, varias especies de estos pequeños roedores han sido descritas como portadores. Se reconoce que, para disminuir el riesgo de transmisión de Leptospira spp. a los hospederos susceptibles, entre ellos los seres humanos, es relevante identificar a los portadores y conocer su distribución. El objetivo es evidenciar la presencia de Leptospira spp. patógena en pequeños roedores capturados en Tinum, Yucatán, México. Se capturaron 47 roedores de las especies Heteromys gaumeri, Ototylomys phyllotis, Peromyscus yucatanicus, Sigmodon hispidus y Mus musculus en cuatro sitios del municipio de estudio. Se recolectó un fragmento de riñón que se empleó en la extracción de ADN total. Se utilizaron dos reacciones en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) punto final para detectar ADN de Leptospira spp. La especie de bacteria se determinó mediante análisis bioinformáticos y la construcción de un árbol filogenético. Las reacciones arrojaron una frecuencia total de infección del 8,5 % (IC 95 % 3,3 – 19,9 %). Todos los ejemplares positivos fueron O. phyllotis. La especie identificada en los análisis bioinformáticos y el árbol filogenético fue L. interrogans. Esta especie de Leptospira es importante para la salud pública, debido a que es responsable de la mayor parte de los casos graves de leptospirosis en humanos. Asimismo, ha sido identificada previamente en pequeños roedores de México y Yucatán. Los hallazgos apuntan a que O. phyllotis es portador de L. interrogans. Son necesarios más estudios para establecer el riesgo de transmisión por contacto con otros hospederos susceptibles, incluyendo seres humanos.

Se evaluó la efectividad del uso de cebos comestibles como atrayente en estaciones de fototrampeo para la detección de mamíferos medianos y grandes en la Reserva Valle del Mamoní, república de Panamá. Por medio del uso de cebos cárnicos y frutales se detectaron seis especies pertenecientes a cinco órdenes y seis familias, donde la tayra (Eira barbara) fue la especie con mayor frecuencia relativa y de aparición con el 0.064% y 0.0021% respectivamente. Otras especies como Panthera onca y Tapirus bairdii también fueron detectadas gracias al uso de cebo cárnico, presentando un solo individuo.

Copyright of Periplo Sustentable is the property of Yanelli Daniela Palmas Castrejon and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletim Paranaense de Geociências is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El monitoreo de fauna silvestre se basa en conteos directos o indirectos de animales o sus rastros, en unidades de muestreo (cámaras, transectos, trampas, redes, grabadores, u otro). Los conteos por unidad o esfuerzo de muestreo se expresan como tasa de encuentro, tasa fotográfica, tasa de captura, etc. Cuando se asume que la tasa está relacionada con el tamaño poblacional, entonces es considerada como un índice de abundancia relativa (IAR). Los cuales son empleados como alternativa a las estimaciones absolutas de la abundancia o densidad. Los IAR son utilizados para monitorear el cambio de una población a través del tiempo, o bien para comparar poblaciones de la misma especie en localidades diferentes. Con el incremento en el uso de las cámaras trampa se ha popularizado el cálculo de los IAR para todas las especies fotografiadas en el área de estudio. Sin embargo, se debe tener precaución con esta interpretación ya que los IAR están sesgados por la detectabilidad que varía entre especies. En este artículo se 1) reviso las definiciones, los supuestos y las limitaciones de los IAR; 2) explica la diferencia conceptual entre los IAR y las tasas de encuentro; 3) enfatiza la importancia de la probabilidad de detección como factor que afecta a los conteos y por ende a las tasas de encuentro; 4) sugiere usar los IAR solo para comparar a la misma especie temporal y espacialmente, mientras que la tasa de encuentro usarla para comparar entre especies; y 5) sugiero algunas alternativas de análisis estadísticos basados en modelos jerárquicos.

Los patrones de ocurrencia espacial de las especies silvestres son expresión de procesos multiescalares y multifactoriales que actúan simultáneamente. La introducción de especies domésticas en sitios cercanos a especies nativas puede culminar en una competencia interespecífica. Dentro de las interacciones que se pueden dar entre estas especies se consideran la depredación por perros, la competencia por interferencia, la competencia de explotación y la competencia mediada por enfermedades. En esta nota se documenta un evento en el que un tapir muestra una interacción negativa con un perro. Los registros reportados en esta nota se ubicaron en el ejido Santa Rosa, en el municipio de Calakmul en la Selva Maya en el sureste de México. Como parte del Proyecto Monitoreo de fauna silvestre en comunidades de Calakmul, de diciembre de 2021 a junio de 2022 se colocaron 49 estaciones de fototrampeo. Con un esfuerzo de muestreo acumulado de 5,489 días/trampa, donde se obtuvieron fotografías en las que se observa a un tapir en un comportamiento defensivo hacia un perro. La Selva Maya ha sido considerada el espacio con la población más importante de tapires en México, el incremento en la población humana y animales domésticos potencia futuras interacciones interespecíficas entre fauna nativa y perros, algo relevante en relación con la zoonosis en paisajes modificados por humanos.

Mammals are predicted to vary in body size following Bergmann's rule, with individuals found at higher latitudes in colder temperatures being larger in size compared to conspecifics occurring at lower latitudes in warmer temperatures. Body size is similarly expected to vary temporally, with a decrease in size through time due to recent climate warming. While Bergmann's rule is well-supported in mammals, there is increasing evidence of exceptions to the rule. Here, we present patterns of size variation in 17 North American mammal species using five morphological traits (condylobasal skull length, skull width, maxillary toothrow length, body weight, and head-and-body length) to determine if size varies predictably for each species in space and time. We found little support for a widespread Bergmannian pattern for these species at a broad spatial scale (across North America) and a contemporary temporal scale (the past 120 years). The effects of latitude or year on each trait were highly variable with three types of responses: an increase, a decrease, or no change in size across space or through time. Spatial size trends were detected more often than temporal size trends, as the temperature range was significantly larger in space than through time. Body weight (the most variable trait) and head-and-body length were more likely to conform to Bergmann's rule than craniodental measurements. We did not detect any changes in size variability with latitude, and our study species either increased or decreased in size variability over time. Our findings demonstrate that size variation in mammals is highly context-dependent. As such, caution is needed when using rules of body size variation to predict the future response of species to climate warning while valid in theory, it is likely too simplistic of an approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearctic ungulates such as artiodactyls, perissodactyls, and proboscideans arrived in South America during the Great American Biotic Interchange. Among them are camelids, cervids, tayassuids, equids, tapirids and gomphotherids. A historical collection of Nearctic ungulates from Pleistocene deposits of the Pampean region in Argentina is here studied and described. The collection consists of specimens collected by Santiago Roth in the nineteenth century and brought to Europe, where they are housed in the paleontological collections of the University of Zurich and the Natural History Museum of Geneva. Among the taxa reported here are Notiomastodon platensis,Lama guanicoe, Hemiauchenia paradoxa, Tayassu pecari, Morenelaphus sp., Hippidion cf. H. principale, Equus cf. E. neogeus, and other indeterminate gomphotherids, camelids, tayassuids, cervids, and equids. The exact stratigraphic position of these fossils collected more than 130 years ago is in many cases uncertain. The historical collection is still relevant for taxonomic studies and for offering new insights into palaeobiogeography and palaeobiology of mammalian fauna of the region during the Pleistocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being central to the implementation of conservation policies, the usefulness of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is hampered by the 14% of species classified as data‐deficient (DD) because information to evaluate these species' extinction risk was lacking when they were last assessed or because assessors did not appropriately account for uncertainty. Robust methods are needed to identify which DD species are more likely to be reclassified in one of the data‐sufficient IUCN Red List categories. We devised a reproducible method to help red‐list assessors prioritize reassessment of DD species and tested it with 6887 DD species of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). For each DD species in these groups, we calculated its probability of being classified in a data‐sufficient category if reassessed today from covariates measuring available knowledge (e.g., number of occurrence records or published articles available), knowledge proxies (e.g., remoteness of the range), and species characteristics (e.g., nocturnality); calculated change in such probability since last assessment from the increase in available knowledge (e.g., new occurrence records); and determined whether the species might qualify as threatened based on recent rate of habitat loss determined from global land‐cover maps. We identified 1907 species with a probability of being reassessed in a data‐sufficient category of >0.5; 624 species for which this probability increased by >0.25 since last assessment; and 77 species that could be reassessed as near threatened or threatened based on habitat loss. Combining these 3 elements, our results provided a list of species likely to be data‐sufficient such that the comprehensiveness and representativeness of the IUCN Red List can be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This letter to the editor aims to address claims made by Bailey et al. [2023. Appeasement: Replacing Stockholm syndrome as a definition of a survival strategy. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 14(1), 2161038] about the history of the concept of appeasement in relation to mammalian survival responses as well as the fawn response, by offering a brief overview and analysis of the literature. Appeasement in political and foreign policy, social justice, ethology, psychology, and communication studies (multiple mammalian and avian species) feature elements of coregulation. The original conceptualisation of the fawn response may result in the misperception that it is unrelated to coregulation. Appeasement and coregulation can occur whether the vulnerable party initiating the appeasement is in a state that supports affiliative, distress, or shutdown behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El comercio de carne de monte es una actividad que ha ocasionado la disminución persistente y la extinción local de un gran número de especies, cuya extracción irracional está produciendo cambios en la composición vegetal y agotamiento de la vida silvestre en los bosques. En este trabajo se reportaron las especies de fauna silvestre que son utilizadas para la venta en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena, Colombia. Se realizaron conversaciones no estructuradas con los vendedores ubicados en el mercado urbano, y se registraron las especies usadas para el comercio, los precios locales del kilogramo en pesos colombianos y la regularidad de los productos en los puntos de venta. Doce especies de fauna silvestre son vendidas en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena. Los mayores precios los presentan Sylvilagus floridanus y Dasypus novemcinctus, mientras que Hydrochoerus isthmius y Trachemys callirostris son las especies más comunes en los puestos de venta. Este es el primer reporte sobre el comercio ilegal de carne de animales silvestre en la región centro del departamento del Magdalena. Es importante hacer seguimiento de esta actividad en los demás municipios de esta subregión con el fin de conocer el posible impacto que se pueda estar generando en las poblaciones silvestres.

Os vertebrados tetrápodes constituem o grupo de animais melhor conhecido tanto pelos pesquisadores quanto pelo público em geral. Abarcam uma diversidade relativamente elevada de nichos ecológicos nos ecossistemas atuais e uma proporção considerável de espécies do grupo está ameaçada de extinção pelas atividades humanas. A implantação de Unidades de Conservação constitui estratégia fundamental para preservar estas espécies. Dessa forma, nosso objetivo foi avaliar a capacidade de um sistema regional de Unidades de Proteção Integral (UPIs) em contemplar a fauna de tetrápodes. Avaliamos os dados disponíveis em publicações científicas para as unidades estaduais e federais do estado de São Paulo. Para 68 UPIs, ou 87% do total destas unidades no estado, foram relatadas 1.199 espécies de tetrápodes, 86% do total conhecido para São Paulo, o que indica o papel dessas áreas na proteção da biodiversidade regional. Entretanto, apesar deste resultado, os dados indicam a necessidade de novos inventários para todos os grupos, tanto para áreas não contempladas quanto para as que já apresentam alguma informação disponível. Também, devido às mudanças climáticas em curso, algumas dessas áreas podem se tornar inadequadas para certas espécies, e inventários recorrentes ao longo do tempo devem ser realizados para se compreender como estas mudanças na distribuição e abundância ocorrem ao longo do tempo, o que pode fornecer informações sobre o que fazer para continuar a conservar esta importante fração da biodiversidade.

El tirica Leopardus guttulus es un felino de pequeño tamaño, cuya distribución se extiende desde centro-este de Brasil, hasta el nordeste de Argentina. En nuestro país contaba con registros fehacientes solo en la provincia de Misiones. Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo dar a conocer el primer registro documentado de la presencia de L. guttulus en la provincia de Corrientes.

North American mammals follow a well-established latitudinal diversity gradient in species richness. However, the degree to which species in different mammal clades follow the same latitudinal gradient—and to which each clade contributes to the pattern observed for all mammals remains unknown. Here, we separate the overall mammalian latitudinal diversity gradient by mammal orders and investigate the impact of climate and topography on the distribution of each major mammal clade. We joined an equal-area grid (100 × 100 km cells) of continental North America embedded with environmental variables (n = 10) with mammalian species ranges (n = 753). We used spatial regression models to quantify the relationship between species richness and latitude for all mammals, all mammals excluding select clades, and for each individual subordinate clade (n = 9). We used multiple linear regression and simultaneous autoregressive regression models to determine which environmental variables best explained patterns of species richness for each mammal order. Whereas North American mammals altogether exhibit a strong latitudinal diversity gradient in species richness, most orders deviate from the species richness pattern observed for all mammals and their gradients are weak or entirely absent. Bats (Chiroptera) exhibit the strongest latitudinal gradient—their removal from the pattern for all mammals substantially weakens the total mammalian gradient, more so than when rodents are removed. Environmental variables explain patterns of species richness well for some clades, but poorly for others. The gradient we observe for North American mammals today is likely a combined product of multiple diversification events, dispersals, and climatic and tectonic histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Luna Azul is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Fondo Editorial Fundacion Universitaria Luis Amigo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar las Representaciones Sociales (en adelante RS) que las comunidades rurales poseen sobre las aves y mamíferos silvestres en las veredas El Vergel del municipio de Filandia y San Rafael del municipio de Calarcá-Quindío, a través de herramientas etnográficas como la encuesta y la entrevista semiestructurada. Se utilizó el enfoque de investigación cualitativa apoyado con análisis cuantitativos que, mediante el análisis de categorías a través de la oralidad como herramienta de comunicación y reflexión de las prácticas sociales y culturales, busca la comprensión de las comunidades rurales sobre su relación con el ambiente. La información sobre el modo en que se conciben las aves y los mamíferos silvestres fue analizada a través de las dimensiones constitutivas de las RS (cognitivas, emocionales y simbólicas). Se encontró que las representaciones que el ser humano construye en relación con los componentes ambientales en los que se encuentra inmerso es compleja en términos de percepción, valoración y construcción de atributos objetivos y subjetivos que influyen en sus actividades cotidianas y que, a su vez, configuran su modo de estar en el mundo.

Seabirds have been particularly affected by invasive non‐native species, which has led to the implementation of numerous eradication campaigns for the conservation of these keystone and highly vulnerable species. Although the benefits of eradication of invasive non‐native species for seabird conservation have been demonstrated, the recovery kinetics of different seabird populations on islands after eradication remains poorly evaluated. We conducted long‐term monitoring of the number of breeding pairs of seven seabird species on a small atoll, Surprise Island, New Caledonia (southwestern tropical Pacific). Marine avifauna of the island were surveyed yearly 4 years before to 4 years after rodent eradication (conducted in 2005), and we conducted multiple one‐time surveys from ∼10 years before and ∼15 years after eradication. We sought to determine how different seabird species responded to the eradication of invasive rodents in an insular environment. Three species responded positively (two‐ to 10‐fold increase in population size) to eradication with differences in lag time and sensitivity. The number of breeding pairs increased (effect sizes = 0.49–0.95 and 0.35–0.52) for two species over 4 years post‐eradication due to immigration. One species had a longer (at least 5 years) response time than all others; breeding pairs increased for over 10 years after eradication. Long‐term sampling was necessary to observe the responses of the seabird populations on the island because of the delayed response of a species to eradication not visible in the first years after eradication. Our results confirmed the positive effects of eradication of invasive non‐native species on seabirds and emphasize the importance of mid‐ and long‐term pre‐ and posteradication surveys to decipher the mechanisms of seabird recovery and confirm the benefits of eradication for conservation purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper documents the first record of chromatic anomalies in Collared Peccary (Pecari tajacu) and the third in the Raccoon (Procyon lotor) for Mexico. The findings were made during monitoring conducted between 2009 and 2021, using camera traps, primarily in the Sierra Madre del Sur ecoregion of the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Procyon lotor was recorded between November 5th and December 1st, 2019, in riparian vegetation of a deciduous tropical forest (17°47'35"N, 98°39'59"W, 1134 m altitude). Meanwhile, Pecari tajacu was recorded on June 7th and July 22nd, 2021, in an abandoned crop clearing (17°38'12"N, 100°40'50"W; 1532 m altitude). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Habitat connectivity is essential to mitigate the effects of fragmentation by maintaining ecological processes, exchange of individuals, and gene flow among isolated populations. In the last two decades, the importance of habitat connectivity has been highlighted and the number of studies that address this issue has increased.We review and describe the habitat‐connectivity studies for the Carnivora in the Americas to identify taxonomic, geographic, and methodological biases, and we examine the number of publications on habitat connectivity and their relationship with country‐level parameters.We reviewed habitat‐connectivity studies published between 2000 and 2020. We quantified studies by region, country, family, and species. We identified information gaps and analysed each country based on the proportion of land modified by humans, species richness, percentage of carnivoran species that are at risk of extinction, and the percentage of territory that is within Protected Areas. G‐tests were performed to verify if the number of published connectivity studies differed based on these variables.There is an increasing trend in the number of studies; however, this increasing is not proportional among countries, among families, or among carnivoran species. We identified that there is a regional bias, since more than 75% of the studies were carried out in North America, in addition, taxonomic bias indicates that the studies focused on large carnivorans. Regarding the methodological bias, the least‐cost path was the most used approach.There are fewer studies on habitat connectivity in countries with higher fragmentation rates, higher percentages of species that are at risk of extinction and less percentage of land in Protected Areas. The capability of countries to invest in research, the study focused on large charismatic species and the difficulty to obtaining dispersion data are factors that have influenced in the study of habitat connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: Actualmente, la biodiversidad está administrada principalmente por áreas protegidas, pero la proximidad con las actividades humanas genera conflictos, los cuales están poco estudiados en los trópicos. Objetivo: Estimar el conflicto entre humanos y vida silvestre en la zona de amortiguamiento de la Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes, San Ramón, Costa Rica. Métodos: Entrevistamos a los propietarios o administradores de 59 fincas. Resultados: Registramos 540 incidentes, en su mayoría con mamíferos (N=479); los coyotes (Canis latrans) mataron 1 074 animales en 183 ataques en 12 granjas. También registramos conflictos con jaguar, Panthera onca, puma, Puma concolor, ocelote, Leopardus pardalis y tigrillo, Leopardus wiedii, que depredaron 261 animales domésticos. También se reportaron otros mamíferos y serpientes, especialmente la terciopelo, Bothrops asper. En seis ocasiones, los hechos se produjeron a más de 500m de una vivienda; sin embargo, la mayoría estaban a 0-25m de una casa (media 398m). Los campesinos han sacrificado pumas, coyotes, mapaches y serpientes y no hubo un control coordinado de instituciones, ONG y comunidades. Conclusión: Los coyotes son los animales salvajes más comúnmente involucrados y se necesita un esfuerzo coordinado que incluya tanto a las organizaciones como a las comunidades.

Landscape‐scale conservation that considers metapopulation dynamics will be essential for preventing declines of species facing multiple threats to their survival. Toward this end, we developed a novel approach that combines occurrence records, spatial–environmental data, and genetic information to model habitat, connectivity, and patterns of genetic structure and link spatial attributes to underlying ecological mechanisms. Using the threatened northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) as a case study, we applied this approach to address the need for conservation decision‐making tools that promote resilient metapopulations of this threatened species in the Pilbara, Western Australia, a multiuse landscape that is a hotspot for biodiversity and mining. Habitat and connectivity were predicted by different landscape characteristics. Whereas habitat suitability was overwhelmingly driven by terrain ruggedness, dispersal was facilitated by proximity to watercourses. Although there is limited evidence for major physical barriers in the Pilbara, areas with high silt and clay content (i.e., alluvial and hardpan plains) showed high resistance to dispersal. Climate subtlety shaped distributions and patterns of genetic turnover, suggesting the potential for local adaptation. By understanding these spatial–environmental associations and linking them to life‐history and metapopulation dynamics, we highlight opportunities to provide targeted species management. To support this, we have created habitat, connectivity, and genetic uniqueness maps for conservation decision‐making in the region. These tools have the potential to provide a more holistic approach to conservation in multiuse landscapes globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fipronil is one of the most important pesticides used in agriculture and domestic animals. At very low concentrations used for controlling target species, it is also toxic to nontarget species including bees and numerous aquatic and terrestrial macroinvertebrates. Laboratory and field studies have shown that both fipronil, and its degradation products, at relevant environmental concentrations are sufficient to endanger numerous taxa in the aquatic community, including fish. In this review, ecotoxicology studies are described that show significant impact on non-target species that have been instrumental to ban fipronil for agriculture in the European Union since 2013 and restricting many uses in the United States. In Colombia, at least 60 fipronil-based products continue to be registered and since August 2021 its use has been prohibited in avocado, coffee, citrus and ornamental flower plantations. In 2017, following the widespread contamination of eggs with fipronil across Europe, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) conducted several risk assessments for the consumption of eggs and chicken meat contaminated with fipronil residues. The conclusion was that the consumption of fipronil at the concentrations detected in eggs and meat did not exceed levels expected to pose health hazard for humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies the importance of milk in mammals and, above all, its value in the human species beyond breast milk. The main supplier of this milk has been the cow. For this reason, the work focuses on telling the history of cow's milk in Gipuzkoa, from the end of the 19th century to the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Intropica is the property of Revista Intropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira (1756-1815), o primeiro zoólogo nascido no Brasil, que reuniu importantes coleções e sobre elas escreveu trabalhos de bastante mérito para o seu tempo, não teve a sorte de os ver publicados em vida. Seus manuscritos foram depositados inicialmente no Real Museu de Lisboa, onde permaneceram desconhecidos, e daí vieram ter ao Rio de Janeiro em 1842, graças a entendimentos havidos entre os governos de Portugal e Brasil. Alguns dos trabalhos foram então publicados em diversas revistas. Alguns desenhos foram copiados em cor no Real Jardim Botânico de Portugal, para o Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, e aqui identificados por E. Goeldi (1886). Por outro lado, parte dos manuscritos e coleções, conservados em Lisboa, foram levadas para o Museu de Paris como presa de guerra por Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire em 1808. Ali, muitos dos exemplares serviram para descrições do próprio Étienne (1812). de Desmarest & Blainville (1817), Isidore Geoffroy (1844), etc. Em 1934 foi publicado mais um MS original, as Observações geraes e Particulares sobre a Classe dos Mammaes, observados nos três Rios, das Amazonas, Negro, e da Madeira. Não sendo esta edição acompanhada de notas críticas, resolvemos executar a tarefa. Esta não tem apenas o interesse histórico que logicamente desperta a obra do infortunado bahiano; tem também importância científica, pois sua coleção serviu de base à descrição de inúmeras formas, sobre diversas das quais há incerteza, quando não erros e omissões.

Como contribuição ao conhecimento da masto-fauna amazônica, apresentamos mais uma simples lista faunística anotada dos mamíferos capturados em uma excursão realizada pelo autor e pelos taxidermistas José Hidasi e Manuel Amaral, durante os meses de julho a outubro de 1957, em área compreendida entre os rios Araguaia e Xingu. Parte da coleta foi feita na borda do planalto central, entre 200 a 400 metros de altitude e em áreas florísticas bem demarcadas (campos do Brasil Central), parte na hileia amazônica.

New tetrapod footprints were recently found close to Pozo Salado, on the Atlantic shoreline west of Punta Mejillón area (Río Negro Province, Argentina). Footprints are preserved on the top-surface of a fine-grained sandstone included in a stratigraphic section belonging to the Neogene Río Negro Formation. The tracksite displays abundant footprints but a relatively low ichno-diversity. Both footprint morphologies and extra-morphologies suggest that the surface and subsurface remained compliant to producers of different size-classes during a relatively long time of exposure and trampling. Footprints sufficiently detailed to allow an ichnotaxonomic allocation were classified as Gruipeda maxima, Gruipeda cf. maxima, cf. Porcellusignum isp., and indeterminate Eutardigrada tracks, related to gruiform/ciconiiform birds, hydrochoerid rodents and ground sloths, respectively. The new finding, more than 100 km SW of the typical track-bearing localities of the Atlantic coast, enriches the vertebrate track record from the Río Negro Formation and adds a newly reported ichnospecies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O atropelamento de fauna silvestre em estradas é responsável pela perda direta de milhões de indivíduos anualmente no Brasil, sendo importante acessar, compreender e mitigar seus impactos. Apresentamos um diagnóstico sobre o atropelamento de mamíferos na bacia hidrográfica do alto Paraguai (BAP), com o objetivo de acessar o atual estado de conhecimento, identificar lacunas e propor medidas de conservação e mitigação. Os dados foram coletados através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica, posteriormente caracterizados de acordo com tipo de estudo, localidade na BAP, riqueza e status de conservação de espécies e taxas de atropelamento. Identificamos 15 estudos que realizaram monitoramentos sistemáticos de atropelamento, a maioria em estradas do Mato Grosso do Sul. Entre eles, 93% dos monitoramentos foram realizados por carro, com uma duração média de 14 meses. Compilamos 5.241 indivíduos atropelados, distribuídos em dez ordens e 47 espécies, sendo a ordem Carnivora a mais representativa. Doze espécies apresentaram o status de ameaçada de extinção em nível nacional; destas, o tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) possui as maiores médias de taxas de atropelamento. Nosso diagnóstico se mostrou importante para identificar espécies vulneráveis aos efeitos dos atropelamentos, nortear novas pesquisas e auxiliar nas estratégias em políticas públicas e mitigação de impactos.

O turismo de observação de fauna é uma atividade que vem aumentando gradativamente em diversas regiões no mundo, principalmente em países com alta diversidade, como o Brasil. Essa atividade busca a observação em vida livre de espécies carismáticas, entre as quais se enquadram muitos mamíferos. No Brasil, a atividade ainda é pouco desenvolvida, contudo o Pantanal é o bioma com o maior potencial para a expansão e a consolidação desse tipo de turismo. O Pantanal é considerado uma savana brasileira, com abundância de fauna, havendo facilidade para observação de grandes vertebrados, como porcos-do-mato, capivaras, ariranhas e até mesmo onças-pintadas. O turismo de observação de fauna tem aumentado nos últimos anos neste bioma, principalmente na região norte, no Pantanal de Cuiabá, e ao sul, no Pantanal de Miranda e Aquidauana. Neste artigo, discutimos as características da atividade de observação de fauna no Pantanal, as principais espécies observadas, as leis e regras já estabelecidas, os problemas existentes, abordando também a importância do turismo como atividade econômica para o desenvolvimento sustentável desta região.

As áreas protegidas são reconhecidas como principal estratégia na conservação in situ da biodiversidade, sendo utilizadas como um indicador válido e mensurável do progresso na conservação da biodiversidade remanescente na esfera mundial. O objetivo deste artigo foi estruturar uma base de informações de ocorrência de mamíferos nas unidades de conservação (UC) do Pantanal e avaliar a efetividade das mesmas quanto à proteção da mastofauna presente no bioma. No levantamento de dados de mamíferos presentes nas UC de proteção integral do bioma, foram registradas 112 espécies. Somando-se os registros das UC de uso sustentável, obteve-se o total de 125 espécies. As UC de proteção integral apresentaram registro de aproximadamente 68% das espécies listadas para o bioma pantaneiro. Acrescidos dos registros das UC de uso sustentável, totalizou-se aproximadamente 76% das espécies. Quanto às espécies ameaçadas, foram contabilizadas 22 espécies presentes com pelo menos um registro na rede de UC de proteção integral do bioma. Uma abordagem voltada à construção de uma rede de UC com amplos objetivos de manejo e de conservação é a principal estratégia para garantir a sustentabilidade do bioma, ainda pouco representado no sistema nacional (4,65% de seu território protegido).

Las Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontología de Vertebrados (JAPV) se realizan anualmente en nuestro país desde la década de 1980. El objetivo general es presentar, promover, difundir y discutir los últimos avances y resultados originales de los estudios sobre los vertebrados fósiles de Argentina. Aunque originalmente la reunión se planteó desde la necesidad de interacción entre la comunidad de paleontólogos de vertebrados de Argentina, durante las últimas décadas ha alcanzado un nivel internacional que convoca a especialistas del mundo especializados en diferentes temáticas tales como: taxonomía, anatomía, paleobiología, filogenia, paleobiogeografía, diversidad, evolución. Con la misma motivación, las 35º JAPV 2022 se realizaron por tercera vez con sede en el Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio (MEF), Trelew, Chubut. Esta institución (Unidad Asociada a CONICET) presenta investigadores/as y becarios/as de CONICET que trabajan en diversas líneas de investigación en vertebrados fósiles (paleoherpetología y paleomastozoología), abarcando Mesozoico y Cenozoico hasta la actualidad.