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This essay explores the dichotomy between mass and family communication and provides a status update to the mass and interpersonal communication dichotomy discussed by Reardon and Rodgers in 1988. This piece begins with an introduction to the history of and hindrance caused by this dichotomy from translational and scholarly perspectives. Next, an overview is provided of each discipline – their histories, popular paradigmatic and methodological approaches, and theoretical developments. An argument is then presented for why the integration of these two areas is so crucial in order to best serve families and conduct communication research with greater meaning. Three significant research areas wherein media and family intersect are discussed along with three long-term integration goals for the field of communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hallin and Mancini's Comparing Media Systems has provided Mass Communication research with valuable tools to compare media settings from a transnational viewpoint. However, most recent contributions around media systems theory focus on suggesting new dimensions or variables to update the three models presented in the authors' book, leaving behind the discussion concerning the factors galvanizing the transformation processes. We then ask: What factors explain the transformation of media systems? Through a literature review and the discussion of an extensive array of examples from different countries, our essay formulates new insights to refine a crucial concept in media studies. We examine material, institutional, and cultural logics of change to point out how the described transformations might unfold at different paces in particular social systems. By resorting to the idea of "critical junctures," our essay illustrates how supposedly isolated shifts in the media systems can have unexpected impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Secretary (16742354) is the property of Secretary Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the challenges faced by the media education and curricula development in Pakistan, and how the safety of journalists is apportioned in the courses and curriculum of mass communication in different universities. The study uses a mixed method research, including quantitative approach through surveys from one hundred and fifty media students from different universities of Pakistan, it further uses qualitative in-depth interview method in which fifteen media academics are interviewed. The research reveals that safety of journalists has never been a priority in the curriculum, even if the future journalists are really hungry to be educated and trained to cover any hostile event, pandemics and conflict sensitive reporting, and to cope with post coverage traumas. Safety of journalists has been occasionally discussed in lectures on the demand of students, but can never get a space in the mass communication curriculum. This study lays the foundation of ESCR Model of Journalism Education that deals with ethics and safety in crisis and risks. It further suggests the training of academics themselves; and collaboration of media professionals with the academia to realistically develop a curriculum taking into account what media industry and future journalists actually need to mug up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundVarious trainings are designed to educate nurses to become simulation educators. However, there are no good strategies to sustain their learnings and keep them engaged. We developed a series of 10 interactive digital storytelling comic episodes 'The Adventures of Super Divya (SD)' to strengthen simulation educator's facilitation knowledge, skills, confidence, and engagement. This endline evaluation presents results on the change in knowledge after watching the episodes and retention of that knowledge over 10 months.ObjectivesThe objectives of this pilot study are to: 1) assess the change in knowledge between the baseline and post-episode surveys; and 2) understand the retention of knowledge between the post-episode and the endline survey.MethodsA human-centred design was used to create the episodes grounded in the lived experience of nurse simulation educators. The heroine of the comic is Divya, a 'Super Facilitator' and her nemesis is Professor Agni who wants to derail simulation as an educational strategy inside obstetric facilities. Professor Agni's schemes represent real-life challenges; and SD uses effective facilitation and communication to overcome them. The episodes were shared with a group of nurse mentors (NM) and nurse mentor supervisors (NMS) who were trained to be champion simulation educators in their own facilities. To assess change in knowledge, we conducted a baseline, nine post-episode surveys and an endline survey between May 2021 and February 2022.ResultsA total 110 NM and 50 NMS watched all 10 episodes and completed all of the surveys. On average, knowledge scores increased by 7-9 percentage points after watching the episodes. Comparison of survey responses obtained between 1 and 10 months suggest that the gain in knowledge was largely retained over time.ConclusionsFindings suggest that this interactive comic series was successful in a resource limited setting at engaging simulation educators and helped to maintain their facilitation knowledge over time.

Leadership refers to the ability and capacity to direct, inspire and influence individuals or groups to achieve a common goal. However, leadership is a multifaceted concept that covers a wide range of qualities, behaviors and communication skills exhibited by individuals who are in a position of authority and naturally assume the leadership role. Communication skills are the ability to effectively and efficiently convey information, thoughts, ideas and feelings to others through verbal, non-verbal, written or visual elements. The combination of these components brings success in both personal and social interactions. One of the factors behind the success of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who built a modern, democratic and secular nation-state from the ruins of the Ottoman Empire, is that he had both leadership and effective communication qualities. Atatürk has always been an example to both his nation and the world with these qualities. These talents of his were instrumental in shaping modern Turkey, in putting forward the vision of the nation, in implementing bold reforms, in building a state after struggles and in instilling a sense of national unity and solidarity. Turkish people has made him a national hero while being respected by the world. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's intellectual, political, charismatic, transformative, democratic and autocratic leadership types and his communication skills. In order to determine the above-mentioned characteristics, firstly, Atatürk's life and some of the revolutions he made were included. Then, in order to determine his leadership characteristics, his actions in the context of leadership theories were discussed. Afterwards, some of their behaviours were examined within the scope of basic communication skills in order to understand their communication skills. In the study, the descriptive research method, which is a method that aims to reveal the relationships between events by evaluating existing or past information in line with standards, was used. As a result of the examination, it was concluded that Atatürk had all of the basic leadership qualities and effective communication skills.

Belediyelerin sosyal medya kullanımının incelendiği bu araştırmada, iletişimin insan hayatının vazgeçilmez bir parçası olduğu belirtilmiştir. Gelişen iletişim teknolojilerinin bu durumu daha da önemli hale getirdiği belirtilen araştırmada, iletişimin çift yönlü bir süreç olduğu vurgulanmıştır. X platformu özelinde yapılan araştırmada, sosyal medyanın bilgilendirme ve haber alma aracı olarak kullanılmasının, toplumdaki kurumların da bu araca yönelmesini kaçınılmaz kıldığı belirtilmiştir. Belediyelerin sosyal medyayı kullanma stratejileri incelenmiş ve hedef kitleyi belirleme, içerik hazırlama, yasal gizlilik endişeleri ve erişilebilirlik konuları ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada, Türkiye’nin 7 coğrafi bölgesinden büyükşehir özelliği taşımayan merkez belediyelerinin x platformu üzerinden yaptığı 1 Ocak ve 31 Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasındaki paylaşımlar incelenmiştir. Burdur, Çanakkale, Karaman, Tokat, Muş, Siirt ve Uşak belediyeleri üzerinden elde edilen verilerin analizi, çok yönlü olarak ele alınmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde, belediyelerin sosyal medyayı etkili bir şekilde kullanabilmeleri için, uygun stratejiler geliştirmeleri önerilmiştir. Ayrıca, belediyelerin sosyal medya platformlarını düzenli olarak analiz etmeleri ve stratejilerini optimize etmeleri gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi içerik analizi olarak belirtilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, belediyelerin sosyal medyayı etkin bir şekilde kullanarak vatandaşlarla iletişim kurarak hizmetlerini tanıtması önerilmiştir.

Copyright of Journal of Traffic & Transportation Research / Trafik ve Ulaşım Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Traffic & Transportation Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Communicata is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

News reporting is a vital cog in the news industry. People always show a great interest in reading and listening to Crime News. Investigation plays an important role in Crime News. As readers and viewers of Crime News, one has to know the difference between Crime News Reporting and Investigative News Reporting. No one can deny the roles of these reporting in the enhanced circulation of newspapers/magazines and viewership in visual media. There are many different kinds of crime news, including fraud, blackmail, kidnapping, rape, murders, blazes, accidents, robberies, and burglaries. To purge the element of criminal behaviour from society, reporting crimes helps in pursuing justice, and social reform. In a significant way, it benefits the community by serving as a vigilant watchdog and alerting individuals about potential crimes and criminal activities. This paper enumerates and analyses the roles of reporters involved in reporting these. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of what the function of media tools becomes in the simulation universe constitutes the problem of this study. The article aims to discuss how the process takes place in the simulation universe where the media becomes a part of the existing sign game and this determines the use value. According to Baudrillard, an object first has a use value, then an exchange value and finally a sign value. In the order of objects that emerges in the simulation reality, it is the sign value that determines the exchange and use value. In this reality where things are reversed, it is no longer the ideologies that matter, but the signifiers of ideologies and the place of these signifiers in the models oscillating in the simulation reality. The findings of the study, which is based on a traditional literature review, are as follows: The media has lost the use and exchange value it gained in parallel with the functions it fulfilled in the first and second simulacrum reality in the simulation reality. In the process, the media, which gained a use value within the game of signs, is now read, watched or listened to as a sign compatible with the objects of that model while presenting the model to which it belongs. Just like other technologies, the media is nothing but a sign that works for the continuation of the simulation universe and continues its existence by creating the illusion that it fulfills its old functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article compares Swedish social workers, teachers, and journalists' experiences of workplace violence. It addresses similarities and differences between the three professional groups in terms of who exposed them to workplace violence, what it was about, and what triggered it. The article is based on an online survey study, and the findings suggest that consumer-related violence from target groups was the most common among all three professional groups. Looking at worker-on-worker relationship violence, the teachers were the most exposed, followed by social workers and journalists, and such violence suggests bullying in the workplace. Most respondents stated that the hate, threats, and harassment were about their professional competence. While all of these professional groups have a position of power in society, they also perceive that it is often in the situations in which they exercise their power (e.g., making a decision for social workers and teachers or when journalists publish) that they become targets for workplace violence. Plain Language Summary: Powerful and vulnerable: Workplace violence against Swedish social workers, teachers, and journalists This article compares Swedish social workers, teachers, and journalists' experiences of workplace violence. It addresses similarities and differences between the three professional groups in terms of who exposed them to workplace violence, what it was about, and what triggered it. The article is based on an online survey study. It was most common with workplace violence from target groups such as clients for social workers, pupils for teachers and readers/viewers for journalists. Most respondents stated that the hate, threats, and harassment were about their professional competence. While all of these professional groups have a position of power in society, they also perceive that it is often in the situations in which they exercise their power (e.g., making a decision for social workers and teachers or when journalists publish) that they become targets for workplace violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates how populism in power influenced news media in Ecuador during leftist president Rafael Correa's presidency (2007–2017). Correa's administration triggered a bold media reform in Ecuador challenging traditional media and promising media democratization, but his government received sharp denunciations from press freedom and media organizations which considered Ecuador as a "not free" country, especially after the passing of a Communication Law in 2013 that regulated media extensively. Through content analysis of news and opinion pieces published in 2005, 2006, 2015, 2016, and 2018 by Ecuador's main legacy newspapers, El Comercio and El Universo, different legal and political contexts are examined. The main observations suggest an increase in polarization and improvements in journalistic professionalism, two results consistent and divergent to mainstream academic approaches and public discussions about populism. This contradictory situation may be explained by the emergence of a new political parallelism, absent before Correa came to power, which combines consistent stances based on the rejection of Correa's leadership, with an improvement in professional practices, especially when Correa was in power. These results, and novel approach adopting a detailed content analysis to explore the relationship between populism and journalism in a Latin American media system, may contribute to a better understanding of the influence of populism on news media. This study calls for more comparative and longitudinal analyses in different media systems and populist experiences, focused on the connection of professional practices and political positioning, with or without populist actors in power. Plain language summary: This article investigates how populism in power influenced journalism in Ecuador during leftist president Rafael Correa's incumbency (2007–2017) in a pioneering study using content analysis to observe what happened in the country after years of a populist presidency. One of the most complex cases of the so-called Latin American Pink Tide, also represented by the governments of Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, Cristina Fernandez in Argentina, or Evo Morales in Bolivia, Correa's Ecuador revolutionized the media system, amidst Correa's attacks to the "corrupt press," promises of media democratization and sharp denunciations from most press freedom and media organizations. Through analysis of news and opinion pieces, this article presents findings of how polarization and professionalization performed in Ecuador's main legacy newspapers, El Universo and El Comercio, before, during, and after Correa's era. The main observations suggest an increase in polarization and improvements in professionalization, two results consistent and divergent to mainstream academic discussions. This contradictory situation may be explained by the emergence of a new political parallelism, which combines consistent stances based on the rejection of Correa's leadership, with an improvement in professional practices, especially when Correa was in power. These results, and novel approach toward the relations between populism and news media, may contribute to a better understanding of the influence of populism on news media and to call for more comparative and longitudinal analyses in different media systems and populist experiences, focused on the connection of professional practices and political positioning, with or without influential populist actors in power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to conceptualize, rethink and systematize methods used for measurement and evaluation (M&E) corporate communication. Design/methodology/approach: The reflection is based on 462 key English-language books and papers devoted to M&E in the fields of corporate communication and public relations from the 1970th to 2023. Keywords in the titles and abstracts found the necessary materials. A critical analysis of the central concepts, models and methods described in the literature was conducted. As a result, a new model that unifies and structures the M&E toolkit is proposed for discussion. Findings: Despite the significant contribution to developing a wide range of M&E models, they are still not perfect and universal. In addition, this system of approaches is continuously self-evolving and changing under the influence of digital innovations, so it requires steady rethinking and updating. On the other hand, most previous studies focused on communication management processes, losing focus on communication aspects. This led to the need for an alternative view based on proven theories to fill this gap. The proposed model combines quantitative and qualitative M&E methods for the five main components of corporate communication (communicator, audience, content, channels and result), covering a wide range of tools, from statistical and sociological research to big data analysis and neuro research. Originality/value: This work contributes to developing the M&E theory of corporate communication, systematizing existing methods and opening new research perspectives. From a practical point of view, companies can use the presented approach for a more accurate and objective internal evaluation of the main components of corporate communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the complexities of language utilization in political slogans and campaigns may reveal its importance in molding public conversation and impacting electoral results. The present study examined the meaning of the various election campaign posters in the Philippines, employing rhetorical semantic analysis. The central questions that the study seeks to answer are: How are meanings constructed from these election campaign slogans? and What rhetorical devices were used to build these election campaign slogans? Findings revealed that political slogans in the Philippines embodied a unique linguistic structure. In other words, Philippine slogans possess a distinct linguistic style, as they convey messages of commitment, authenticity, and service from the political candidates. While our findings highlight the use of a more straightforward language in political slogans, it could also be noted that such simplicity of the language is reinforced by the use of the local language. This is very important in the context of political communication because the Philippines is a multilingual country, and using the local language is a good way to appeal to the people’s emotions. This could suggest familiarity and relatedness, which are important traits for people to vote for a particular political candidate.

In the context of natural disasters, the leader’s attitude undoubtedly has a significant impact on the victims. The use of language in responding to such disasters is one manifestation of the leader’s attitude, which is also inseparable from interpersonal functions. The discourse employed by leaders must be carefully crafted to prevent the emergence of negative stigmas among the public and to build effective leadership. Therefore, this qualitative descriptive research aims to investigate how leaders respond to natural disasters in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The leader’s discourse is utilized as research data, extracted from five selected speeches by Edy Rahmayadi retrieved from mass media official YouTube. This data is then analyzed using appraisal analysis. The results indicate that Edy’s discourse contains sources of positive, negative, and neutral attitudes. He presents resources of positive, negative, and unbiased attitudes as a leader. Additionally, he tends to involve various contextual domains that influence why his lexical choices are perceived as positive, negative, or even neutral, such as social relationships (tenor), religious factors, and humanitarian considerations. The result reveals the nuanced role of language in shaping public response and leadership effectiveness. Understanding how leaders’ linguistic choices—shaped by their personal and cultural backgrounds—can influence both immediate reactions and long-term perceptions. This research underscores the broader significance of effective communication in crisis management, relevant to international contexts where leadership and language intersect in disaster response.

The article examines some problems of Russia’s humanitarian policy and humanitarian cooperation. According to the author, domestic humanitarianism does not go beyond the boundaries established by the Helsinki Final Act. The formulation of tasks and directions of domestic humanitarian policy contained in strategic planning documents is reduced only to a description of the methods and conditions of communication, leaving the specifics of humanitarian activities and humanitarian instruments outside the scope of strategic planning documents, thereby complicating its institutionalization. The author believes that the goal of humanitarian cooperation may be the formation of a global structure of support for domestic foreign policy initiatives, representing a dense network of interactions that provides ripple effects, expanding Russia’s influence and forming new dependencies. But achieving such a goal is impossible without putting forward a clear alternative to the modern world order, which will reflect not only the interests of Russia, but also of countries that disagree with the Western-centric world order.

The article undertakes a theoretical analysis of mass media as a means of mass communication, which is a vital factor in the socialisation and well-being of humanity. The article aims to conduct a theoretical analysis of the role of mass media as a crucial factor in socialisation and well-being, to identify its impact on the human psyche, mass consciousness, and behaviour. The article also aims to assess the level of media literacy in Ukraine, investigate both the positive and negative aspects of the influence of mass media on mental health and emphasise the importance of psychosocial support through mass media in crisis situations. The study uses theoretical methods (content analysis, comparative analysis, generalisation, and systematisation) as well as an analysis of empirical data on the level of media literacy in Ukrainian society. It has been found that communication in the internet space should be aimed at immersing individuals in the media environment and oriented towards self-realisation and consumption tools. It has been noted that mass media exert a certain influence on the human psyche, mass consciousness, behaviour, and thoughts, which affects the process of socialisation. The conducted analysis of scientific research showed that the media literacy level among people in Ukraine is increasing. In Ukraine’s information space, electronic means of information transmission dominate. At the same time, it has been emphasised that information can control individuals, affect their psyche, and stimulate their thinking, actions, and deeds. It has been asserted that the process of information transmission is purposeful. It is determined that mass communication is not limited to specific videos or texts as tools of information transmission. It has been found that personal development is an uninterrupted process and continues even in complex and extreme conditions that exist in Ukraine now. It has been established that the crisis is a source of a person’s development. It has been shown that mass media is a useful tool for psychosocial support. One of the most important approaches to psychosocial aid via mass media is the dissemination of helpful information and skills that can help people with various mental states, problems, etc. It has been emphasised that mass media can provide information about professional aid, the availability of useful resources to support mental health, and whatever. It has been found that mass media cannot replace professional psychotherapy or counselling, especially in severe cases. It has been highlighted that mass media can have both positive and negative effects on mental health, particularly causing stress, anxiety, and depression. It also has been noted that mass media have a greater impact on the psyche of teenagers than adults. It has been claimed that the positive impact of mass media includes their ability to effectively and diversely disseminate information, increase the level of users’ education, provide new forms of entertainment and facilitate relaxation, as well as ease communication and establish new communicative connections. On the other hand, mass media can manipulate the psyche and public opinion, and spread fake news and disinformation, leading to a destructive impact on the psyche and developing dependence on them. It has been concluded that media have a significant influence on society, especially on children and youth, hence media literacy becomes essential for effective interaction with mass media and adequate behaviour in the information environment. In the modern world, where media play a crucial role in society and social issues, media literacy becomes an important competence for professionals in the field of psychosocial work. This professionally important quality encompasses understanding media systems, critical thinking, the ability to analyse social problems, readiness to communicate with media, and selfassertion in the media space.

The article covers the main principles of the contextual approach in studying the elective course “Theory of Mass Communication” in pedagogical universities. The aim of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of applying the contextual approach to teaching the elective course “Theory of Mass Communication” to undergraduate students in pedagogical universities (specialties “Geography” and “Music Art”); to develop situational tasks aimed at fostering media literacy, the ability to codify, and the creation of informational sectoral blocks for dissemination in educational and media spaces. In the research, methods of content analysis, specification, problem-posing, as well as task-based and contextual approaches were used. It has been found that the study of university-wide elective courses appeals to interdisciplinarity in thematic correlation. On the one hand, it involves developing a system of situational tasks that contribute to improving the professional training of students in the specialties “Geography” and “Music Art”. It has been substantiated that the contextual approach is oriented towards teaching material based on methodological foundations, theoretical sectoral knowledge, and forms of activity. The context in the study of academic disciplines involves transforming didactic material, where the objective meanings and significance of sectoral knowledge are transformed into the personal experience of the future teacher. The integral platform allows for the design of situational tasks, the resolution of which combines educational and educational-professional experience. Situational tasks, based on the contextual approach to teaching the course “Theory of Mass Communication”, are built considering the professional training of students in higher pedagogical institutions in the specified specialties (“Geography” and “Music Art”). The didactically processed field of mass communication as a university-wide discipline encompasses thematic blocks such as “Basics of Mass Communication”, “Artistic and Aesthetic Parameters of Mass Communication”, “Sociological and Psychological Dimensions of Mass Communication”, and “Mass Communication in the Conditions of Digital Society”. A diachronic consideration of the development of mass communications allows for identifying the cultural and historical factors that shape the transmission paths of channels aimed at the recipients of certain knowledge. Addressing the diachronic consideration of mass media information significantly expands the understanding of its essence and the processes of information transmission within mass communication models. It has been outlined that the social and psychological aspects of mass communication determine the language behaviour of professional communicators. This specific feature was taken as the basis in developing situational tasks for communicators – future geographers and musicians. The prepared tasks were correlated with the normative disciplines studied at the stage of professional training. It has been concluded that studying the elective course “Theory of Mass Communication” based on the contextual approach contributes to the development of professional competencies of teachers who transmit sectoral information in the conditions of the informational educational environment. It has been proved that the study of semiotics of mass communication should be considered at the level of modelling cultural codes (since geographical names, musical and artistic works contain cultural and historical information, which is actualized in educational discourse at the stage of transmitting sectoral knowledge). Situational tasks, aimed at transmitting sectoral information at the level of a professional communicator (manifestation of language culture), should appeal to conducting press conferences as a type of communication, building one’s professional image. The experience of students working with advertising material considering the professional training direction is positive.

Journalism is a highly technology-dependent profession, and students, educators, and professionals must develop specific digital skills. This study uses the theory of disruptive innovation to examine how journalism educators adapt their programs in response to changing media environments. A survey of accredited journalism and mass communication programs identified three key challenges: the need for long-term investment, the ability to predict future change and demand, and difficulty in hiring faculty expertise. When asked which technologies will affect journalism curricula in the next 3 to 5 years, artificial intelligence (AI) topped the list, followed by drone journalism, virtual reality, and augmented reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Communication is an important aspect of life humans, because it allows them to interact, meets needs, and building relationships with each other. Communication development Humans have led to the concept of "mass communication" driven by human desire for progress and improvement of information quality Delivered. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of attractiveness hosts and television programs on the interest in watching, by comparing two television hosts, namely Vincent and Desta. Methods: This study used a comparative quantitative method to Comparing the Appeal of Hosts and Television Programs on interest in watching between Vincent and Desta. Results: The results of the study showed that the attractiveness of the host and program television has a significant influence on viewing interest, and There is a difference in influence between hosts Vincent and Desta. Conclusion: The attractiveness of the host and television program is a factor important that affects the viewer's interest in watching. Differences in characteristics. The host can produce a difference in influence on viewing interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Route Educational & Social Science Journal (Ress Journal) is the property of Ress Academy Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mass communication researchers have applied Bandura's selective moral disengagement (SMD) concept in diverse contexts to explain audiences' acceptance of moral violations and reduced condemnation. Recent updates to moral psychology—specifically the application of social intuitionist theories—challenge SMD's underlying assumptions, necessitating a reconceptualization. In this article, we incorporate modern social intuitionist theories of moral judgment into SMD's underlying assumptions. We further propose a two-stage moral signal detection process consistent with current decision-making theory in order to explain how SMD reflects a modulation of both moral condemnation and moral commendation. Building on these extensions, we reconceptualize SMD's eight original mechanisms as expanded continuums of moral influence applicable to diverse forms of moral perceptions and moral judgments. This reconceptualization of SMD removes unnecessary boundary conditions, improves the internal consistency of the theory, and can begin to resolve scholarly disagreements. We conclude the article by providing concrete suggestions for future empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change transformed Pakistan into 5th most vulnerable nation across globe facing threats of food and water scarcity, increased flooding, extreme heat, more disease, and economic loss. Balochistan is its largest province and challenges are multifold. In order to face these, role of mass communication and social media is vital and needs exploration to evaluate and improve. Climate change forced major threat across Pakistan. Quetta as capital of Baloshistan acts as hub of educational institutions. Hence sensitization amongst students needed exploration to identify gaps and future strategies. Online questionnaires using purposive sampling method was used to collect data from three universities during COVID19 pandemic. Major of the respondents were aware of climate change, its causes, its impacts and role of media was acknowledged to be critical for future mass scale sensitization. Future strategies must incorporate social media and digital means in social and public sensitization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the digital attention economy, the following analysis presents SlimScore, a method for assessing the resonance of content in social networks, focusing on direct interactions. To test the effectiveness of the tool, a study is carried out focusing on the social network X, based on a sample of 345,000 messages from more than 17,000 nodes (profiles). Through a comparative analysis with the Ayzenberg Social Index metric, it is shown how this approach provides more accurate results in measuring the virality of messages in social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid technological developments impose number of challenges on educational process today. This includes but not limited to educators, learners and learning environment, especially in light of changes brought by Covid-19. This study aims to tackle the actual reality of mass communication education in light of these collective developments and challenges. Constructive alignment theory represents the theoretical framework for the study. According to this theory learners construct knowledge with their own activities, and that they interpret concepts and principles in terms of the ‘schemata’ that they have already developed1. On the other hand, the study is based on Education Excellence Framework that is part of Qatar University Strategy 2018-2022. Education excellence framework consists of six themes: learner-centric education, digital enriched education, excremental education, research-informed education and entrepreneurial education. The study attempts to provide a future vision of mass communication teaching strategies in light of Qatar University practices before and during Covid-19. This is based on the lessons learned from the pandemic and based on the fact that the teaching and learning after this pandemic should not be the same as it was before it [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study of intergroup emotions has been the focus of attention in recent decades to explain their incidence in the phenomena of political participation, electoral decision, social protest and collective actions, among others. However, there is still contradictory evidence on the role of emotions in political attitudes and behaviors, so reliable measures are required for their investigation. Currently, there are multiple measurement tools that are linked to innovative digital strategies for political communication, including specialized dictionaries for the detection of emotional language and its different valences (Garzón et al., 2020). However, it is required to expand the evidence of validity of new linguistic corpora that expand the existing dictionaries in Spanish to classify the narratives of political discourses. This study aims to validate a tool that allows linguistic analysis in political contexts. Method: An instrumental study was carried out and narratives of governors from 14 Latin American countries were analyzed, which were chosen by the Spanish language of the dictionary to establish measures of construct validity and convergence. Results: Existence of four factorial components (two positive and two negative) that group intergroup emotions, increasing the number of existing ones and delimiting them in the political context. Conclusions: Although the study provides elements to carry out studies based on intergroup emotions related specifically in political context, it is important to point out that it can be approached from different dimensions for a more holistic vision and in the understanding that socio-cultural and political juncture variables can determine errors, if they are approached only from a single methodological perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory, which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era, facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and health communication. This study employs a comprehensive framework based on the five elements of the mass communication model: information source, communication subject, communication object, message content, and post-communication feedback. Additionally, it incorporates the interactive ritual chain theory to examine the evolving dynamics and developmental trajectory of research in the social history of medicine during the new media era. Conclusively, this paper acknowledges the existing interaction gaps in the interaction between health communication and the social history of medicine research while outlining the challenges for fostering collaboration and proposing strategic optimizations for effective integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food safety culture has been posited as an important factor influencing employee behavior in the retail food industry. Although expressed as a subset of organizational culture, it is unclear the extent to which food safety culture is being defined and measured as a distinct but related organizational concept. Through a systematic review of the literature, this study explores how food safety culture is conceptualized and operationalized in studies investigating the concept in retail food establishments. Results showed no consensus in the conceptual definition, corresponding variables, and operational indicators for food safety culture across studies. Results also showed the corresponding variables identified for food safety culture were not derived from nor aligned closely with those associated with organizational culture. Together, these results suggest researchers are measuring different aspects of the same concept and not operationalizing food safety culture as a subset of organizational culture. As the development of measures to evaluate the prevailing food safety culture in retail food establishments is a prerequisite to the quantitative investigation of its impact on food employee behavior, the observed variation in corresponding variables and operational indicators of food safety culture can lead to incomparable results across assessments and studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the formation and development of Ukrainian show business in the 1990s. The author studies the communication models used by the members of artistic circles to present themselves to a wide audience. The main forms of representation of artists, in particular, through television, radio, and print media were analysed. It is found that in the early 1990s, traditional models of communication dominated, when the artist was an object of media influence. Later, however, there was a shift to the agency of performers who constructed their public image independently. The transformation of mass communication in Ukraine in the context of the establishment of a market economy and democratic freedoms was emphasized. The role of new media platforms (music channels and magazines) in shaping the popularity of artists is noted. The results of the study show that in the 1990s there was a transition from the "star" model of artists' presentation to more diverse forms of self-presentation. In particular, the role of artists in constructing their own image has become more important, which correlates with the processes of commercialization and democratization of the media space. The study is based on a comprehensive methodological approach that combines historical, cultural and socio-communication analysis. Content analysis of media materials and discourse analysis were used. The data obtained can be used for further research on the transformation of the national media system and cultural industries. The results of the study may also be of interest to specialists in the field of mass communications, sociology, cultural studies, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the history of Ukrainian culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The relevance of the research topic of improving graphic design and advertising as key means of mass communication requires an understanding of their impact on educational processes. This topic examines the educational aspects of graphic design and advertising, including their impact on perception, learning and communication in the modern world. Studying these aspects helps to develop effective strategies for using graphic design and advertising in education and mass communication. Research topic: theoretical and practical aspects of the interaction between graphic design and advertising as a means of improving mass communication in the context of educational dimensions, approaches and perspectives. The research methodology includes: a detailed consideration of the visual aspects of advertising and graphic design to determine their impact on the perception and reaction of the audience; analysis of the latest technologies in graphic design and advertising to determine their potential for improving the educational process and mass communication; study of specific cases of successful use of graphic design and advertising in education and communication to determine best practices; qualitative and quantitative data analysis, processing of collected data using both These methods will allow for an in-depth study of the interaction between graphic design and advertising in the context of educational goals and prospects for further development of this field. Research results. The article considers the influence of graphic design on the effectiveness of advertising, strategies for using graphic elements for educational purposes, as well as prospects for the development of this interaction in the future. This approach allows us to understand the importance of visual elements in the perception of information and the creation of effective communication strategies. The influence of graphic design and advertising on improving the effectiveness of mass communication, in particular in the context of education, is investigated. It is proved that it includes an analysis of the educational aspects of this interaction, different approaches to its use and prospects for further development. This topic is aimed at studying the role of graphic design and advertising in creating effective educational tools and communication strategies. This topic includes a number of educational approaches and perspectives: 1) the use of graphic design and advertising in educational materials: research and analysis of effective methods of integrating graphic elements into the educational process; 2) development of visual literacy through advertising and graphic design: understanding the impact of visual elements on the perception of information and skills in analysing advertising messages; 3) the use of technology and multimedia in graphic design and advertising to improve education and mass communication; 4) the role of graphic design and advertising in the formation of critical thinking and cultural awareness through visual means. The prospects for development and innovation in the use of graphic design and advertising are laid in the improvement of educational processes and mass communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses using of generative neural networks in education, especially in legal education, as an example, employing formal analysis in the context of the Russian legal system. Neural networks are considered as a kind of media and hence the issue of using neural networks by students is by nature a question of media education, its application, and its limits. The core question is whether it is possible to give students the opportunity to use generative neural networks when performing tasks like writing a diploma. Neural networks are considered as a kind of “new media” that must be assessed in the context of the media philosophy dichotomy between “tool” and “body”. The article reviews several scenarios of law students using neural networks and the conclusion is provided that not in all cases it is inadmissible. However, in the cases that concern the core competences that relate to understanding law as a phenomenon of information and communication, it is inadmissible. Such core competences imply command of natural language and writing reasoning skills. It is critical to take into an account the provisions of the legislation that focus on the concept and purposes of education which clarify the matter on the formal side. Ultimately, the “blackout test” is suggested to discern the cases were using of neural networks in education is not possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The modern era is characterised by global changes based on the acceleration and continuous «incitement» of civilisational processes. The complex collisions of life were reflected in the public consciousness by the actualisation of the identity problem, which acquired special significance. Therefore, many reasons can be given, but we will emphasise only such. First, the existing anthropological situation is marked by all the signs of novelty and unusualness; social life reveals a steady tendency to weaken individual identifications with traditional (ethnos) and modern (nation) communities. Secondly, in a situation where ethnic and national factors of identification are blurred, society becomes quite fragmented; under such conditions, a person exists at the intersection of local cultures, in an open cultural space, surrounded by a multitude of cultural forms, lifestyles, and traditions; all these forms become significant for a person at the same time and require ordering. Thirdly, the cultural self-determination of a modern person requires the interpretation of those models of cultural existence that represent other communities and the establishment of an individual relationship with them. Thus, identification processes in modern society, on the one hand, become problematic; on the other hand, they act as a driving force of cultural development. The purpose and task of the article are to study identity issues in the context of spectacular forms of mass communication. The research task is to analyse specific forms of mass visual production, ready-made visual images (images, brands, lifestyles) associated with the production of the phenomenon of «partial» identity. Research methodology. The application of the phenomenological method for revealing the content of human identity and the specificity of the phenomenon of human identification in modern society was important for this article. The theoretical basis of the article is also made up of approaches that emphasise the ontological openness of human existence, the universal significance of communicative interaction about human subjectivity, and the influence of spectacular forms on the construction of human identity. The results. In modern scientific discourse, the key term «identity» denotes a set of phenomena that cannot be reduced exclusively to psychological or socio-psychological forms; therefore, the following components are inherent in the phenomena of identity: a). – complex cognitive and figurative content; b). – a variable cultural component that changes due to many life factors, such as ethnic, speech, religious, political, professional, informational, gender, and virtual differences. We propose to consider «hyper-real reality» from the point of view of a special spectacular form of mass communication; the entire set of modern media resources is aimed at creating this form. In the conditions of the spread of spectacular forms of mass communication to all spheres of human life, popular images, lifestyles, and well-known brands become effective identification factors. At the same time, these factors are closely related. For example, acquiring a popular image and desired lifestyle by a person requires the consumption of positional goods and services. The production of such positional goods and services is aimed at meeting the needs of those groups of consumers who strive to be different from others in terms of level and quality of life. Many positional goods and services offered by global manufacturers and actively promoted on the market with the help of brands are created to meet urgent life needs and satisfy a certain human dream. Modern marketing strategies, represented in brands, contain certain signs of spectacular models of mass communication. Appealing to human feelings and inciting imagination, brands present the worlds of high fashion, entertainment and leisure as those that imitate the signs of the real world, creating the illusion of fulfilling desires. Therefore, the task of well-known brands as identification factors consists of the unification of personal meanings, goals, and desires, with the further transformation into one artificially narrowed meaning and one general need for material consumption. Conclusions. The article analyses specific forms of mass visual production, visual images, such as images, lifestyles, brands; in the conditions of the spread of spectacular forms of mass communication to all spheres of human life, these images become effective factors of «partial» identification; their task consists in the unification of personal meanings, goals and desires, followed by their transformation into one artificially narrowed meaning, into one general need for material consumption; it is believed that the conducted research on identity issues in the context of spectacular forms of mass communication will contribute to the development of scientific strategies and concepts of identity formation, will help to work out philosophical problems related to personal existence, creativity, and self-development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is devoted to the description of the linguopragmatic potential of media texts in the context of the informational and psychological impact on the individual and collective addressee of mass information broadcasting. As the key modern form of text existence in the information space, a media text contains not only verbal elements that influence the audience through either spoken or written words, but also non-verbal ones, introduced through video, picture and various sound means other than speech. The combined combination of communicative means of linguistic and non-linguistic nature enhances the information-psychological impact on the audience by achieving a synergistic effect. Due to the fact that with the complex use of verbal and non-verbal means, the media text acquires such essential characteristics as polycode and multimodality, its analysis should take into account not only the linguistic proper, but also the extralinguistic aspects of communication. Modern media text has a complex communicative structure that combines a text, hypertext, dynamic (static) image and sound, and provides a non-linear, multi-channel, multi-layered and multidimensional perception of the embedded conceptual and stylistic meanings. The aim of the study is to analyze linguopragmatic characteristics of a media text as the primary form of the informational and psychological impact realization in the modern mass media discourse. Descriptive, synchronic, diachronic and functional methods of research, as well as methods of contextual and communicative-pragmatic analysis have been employed. As to the material, the study is based on the analysis of theoretical works by Russian and foreign linguists for the past 30 years. The authors concluded that the information-psychological impact is enhanced by the use of PR and advertising techniques in the media text and is largely based on their application.

BACKGROUND: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, social media have influenced the circulation of health information. Public health agencies often use Twitter to disseminate and amplify the propagation of such information. Still, exposure to local government-endorsed COVID-19 public health information does not make one immune to believing misinformation. Moreover, not all health information on Twitter is accurate, and some users may believe misinformation and disinformation just as much as those who endorse more accurate information. This situation is complicated, given that elected officials may pursue a political agenda of re-election by downplaying the need for COVID-19 restrictions. The politically polarized nature of information and misinformation on social media in the United States has fueled a COVID-19 infodemic. Because pre-existing political beliefs can both facilitate and hinder persuasion, Twitter users belief in COVID-19 misinformation is likely a function of their goal inferences about their local government agencies motives for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: We shed light on the cognitive processes of goal understanding that underlie the relationship between partisanship and belief in health misinformation. We investigate how the valence of Twitter users goal inferences of local governments COVID-19 efforts predicts their belief in COVID-19 misinformation as a function of their political party affiliation. METHODS: We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of US Twitter users who followed their states official Department of Public Health Twitter account (n=258) between August 10 and December 23, 2020. Inferences about local governments goals, demographics, and belief in COVID-19 misinformation were measured. State political affiliation was controlled. RESULTS: Participants from all 50 states were included in the sample. An interaction emerged between political party affiliation and goal inference valence for belief in COVID-19 misinformation (∆R 2=0.04; F 8,249=4.78; P

The pandemic called Covid 19, which emerged in the last period of 2019, turned into a chaos that affected the whole world physically and psychologically. The pandemic period caused people's habits and communication styles to change. It has become a way of life for people to be unable to leave their homes due to restrictions. This situation has also caused a change in the way global brands reach consumers and the content of their advertising messages. In this study, two commercials prepared by the Coca Cola brand during the period when the effects of the pandemic were felt intensely and the effects of the pandemic were relatively alleviated were analyzed by semiotic analysis method. In this research, it is aimed to reveal how and for what purpose an international brand gives messages on a global scale in its advertisements, which intercultural codes it brings to the fore, to reveal the messages behind the visible messages and which elements in mass communication and for what purpose they are effective on people. The findings of the analysis carried out in the context of signifier-signified, denotation-connotation in the research overlap with the theoretical foundations of semiotics.