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Introduction. Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a rare capillary malformation characterized by persistent reticular and violaceous erythema. We present two cases of CMTC. Clinical observation. The first case involved a 13-month-old male with a reticular violaceous macule on the left gluteal region and a brownish papule with Darier's sign on the inner malleolus of the left foot, which was biopsied, revealing > 15 mast cells per field, leading to a diagnosis of CMTC and solitary cutaneous mastocytoma. The second case involved a newborn with a characteristic CMTC lesion without other malformations at birth, who subsequently developed two cutaneous tumors consistent with infantile hemangiomas during follow-up. Discussion. CMTC is a benign condition. However, approximately 50% of cases exhibit associated anomalies. When CMTC is suspected, musculoskeletal, ophthalmological, and cutaneous malformations should be ruled out. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CMTC associated with mastocytoma and one of the few cases associated with infantile hemangioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Chronic cutaneous mastocytosis is a genodermatosis of unknown etiology and that is within the group of rare or infrequent diseases. They are characterized by the growth and accumulation of mast cells in the skin and other organs of unknown cause and manifest as urticaria pigmentosa. The case of a male patient is presented, with erythematopapular lesions in the region of the hands that spread to the entire body and scalp that, when they disappeared, left hyperchromic spots with Darier's sign: positive. The diagnosis of urticaria pigmentosa was confirmed by skin biopsy. It is a rare disease with a low incidence, the cutaneous form has a favorable prognosis, so it is of vital importance to know and diagnose this entity early with a multidisciplinary management to prevent the systemic manifestations that appear. Taking a symptomatic treatment will allow a better quality of life in infants. The case is presented because mastocytosis is considered a rare disease, the prevalence and incidence of these cases is very low.

Foi realizado um estudo para verificar se há associação entre a ocorrência de mastocitoma cutâneo e dermatite atópica em cães atendidos de 2014 à 2018, com a casuística do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Vila Velha. Foram avaliados os sinais clínicos e exames de pacientes atendidos com diagnóstico de mastocitoma e, com base nos critérios de Favrot, que foram criados com base nas características clínicas do paciente com dermatite atópica canina para facilitar o diagnóstico pelo médico veterinário dermatologista. Dos 26 cães com mastocitoma, 15 (58%) também eram atópicos, (sendo nove (60%) fêmeas castradas e seis (40%) machos castrados). Dos demais, ou seja, 11 animais (42%), seis (55%) eram fêmeas e cinco (45%) machos. Observou-se então nesta pesquisa que os animais atópicos foram os que mais frequentemente apresentaram mastocitoma, sugerindo uma associação entre as duas doenças. Os achados obtidos neste trabalho reforçam a associação entre elas, pois a maioria dos animais com mastocitoma cutâneo também apresentava dermatite atópica canina (n=15), pois atendiam a cinco ou mais critérios de Favrot, ao contrário do grupo controle, com outras quatro neoplasias epiteliais (carcinoma de células escamosas, carcinoma de células basais, tricoblastoma e tricoepitelioma) os quais nenhum animal (n=16) apresentou dermatite atópica canina associada.

Cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cells tumor are neoplasms composed of mast cells that are part of the skin in canines. It is a very common tumor and the treatment is focused on the aggressiveness that it may present. Sometimes it can be limited to local treatment, but if there are metastases, the prognosis can be favorable. Tumor staging is of great importance to give a diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for those patients affected by this pathology. In this work, we present the clinical case of an 11-year-old German shepherd canine with the presence of an ulcerated mass in the right auricle. The diagnosis was made by cytology and histopathology of canine mastocytoma grade II and low malignancy according to Pakiel’s classification. The patient underwent a partial resection of the auricle with the presence of clean borders in the histopathological results. This is the first report of the presence of canine mastocytoma in the pinna in a canine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O presente estudo objetivou relatar o caso de uma cadela de 13 anos de idade, de 40kg e sem raça definida (SRD), diagnosticada com múltiplos nódulos mamários de diferentes tipos histológicos. Tumores malignos são prevalentes em cadelas não castradas ou castradas tardiamente, sendo comum a presença de diversos nódulos em qualquer uma das cadeias mamárias, podendo ou não apresentar classificações histológicas diferentes. A paciente foi submetida a um procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada dos nódulos, e não houve complicações de maior complexidade. O material coletado enviado para exame histopatológico teve como diagnóstico carcinoma mamário papilífero cístico grau II, carcinoma mamário in situ e mastocitoma subcutâneo infiltrativo.

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Objetivou-se com esse trabalho relatar a utilização de quimioterapia neoadjuvante para citorredução pré-operatória de mastocitoma em dois cães. O mastocitoma é um dos tumores cutâneos mais comuns na clínica de pequenos animais. Caracteriza-se por ser uma neoplasia maligna originada dos mastócitos. Acomete frequentemente as regiões perineal, genital e inguinal, também podendo atingir tronco, membros, cabeça e pescoço. Cães de meia idade a idosos e raças braquicefálicas parecem ser os mais predispostos. Esta neoplasia tem um comportamento variado, podendo se apresentar como formações circunscritas, alopécicas, eritematosas e edemaciadas, de consciência macia ou não, ulcerada ou não, manifestando desde um único nódulo até múltiplos nódulos. O diagnóstico é baseado nos achados de citologia aspirativa, entretanto o exame histopatológico é capaz de graduar o grau de malignidade em grau I, II ou II ou em alto e baixo grau. O tratamento indicado é a abordagem cirúrgica, acompanhada ou não de quimioterapia ou radioterapia. A utilização da quimioterapia como método neoadjuvante à cirurgia tem como propósito reduzir o tumor e ampliar a margem cirúrgica de segurança.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous mastocytoma is a rare mast cell tumor that belongs to the group of cutaneous mastocytosis, being the second in frequency (approximately 20%), preceded by urticaria pigmentosa (75%). Lesions occur before the two years of age in 90% of cases. CLINICAL CASE: A 5-month-old girl who, from birth, presented erythematous plaque on the dorsum of the right foot, associated with a flushing crisis and blistering of the lesion when rubbing. A skin biopsy and special stains were performed, and the diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytoma was confirmed. The treatment consisted of providing antihistamine, achieving the complete relieve of the case before the patient reached the two years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The cutaneous mastocytoma is a rare mast cell tumor, with specific clinical manifestations, which are present in most cases, therefore, knowing it is essential for an opportune diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mastocytoma is a genodermatosis of unknown etiology, so it is included in the group of rare or uncommon diseases; it usually appears in childhood or at birth. It is characterized by local or systemic accumulation of primed cells, which causes the appearance of persistent, pigmented and very itchy skin lesions with exclusive skin involvement, usually presents as a single lesion in the neck, trunk, arms and legs. Typical features are that of a reddish-brown or yellowish brown nodule, of gummy consistency, the surface looks like orange peel, and Darier's sign. The case of a 4-month-old infant with a diagnosis of solitary mastocytoma with Darier's sign is presented. This report is made due to the low frequency of this disease at the Paquito González Cueto de Cienfuegos University Pediatric Hospital. Currently the patient is monitored by dermatology specialists, with antihistamine treatment and mast cell stabilizer.

Los mastocitomas son tumores originarios de los mastocitos que usualmente afectan a los perros y los gatos. Pueden llegar a tener un comportamiento benigno, sin embargo, esto dependerá del grado de la neoplasia y su estadiaje. En felinos, clínicamente se han descrito dos patrones: visceral y cutáneo, de los cuales el cutáneo es el más frecuente, llegando a causar metástasis a órganos adyacentes e incluso afectar el bazo y/o intestino en estadios más diferenciados. Se presenta un caso de mastocitoma felino correspondiente a un ejemplar mestizo con cuadro clínico de inicio de más de dos meses de evolución, consistente en la aparición de una placa alopécica ulcerada y elevada en región interescapular, acompañada de prurito que presentó resolución espontánea. Mediante el curso clínico se imnunizó contra el virus de la rabia, posteriormente, se observó la aparición de una lesión nodular subcutánea de características inusuales de 2cm de diámetro. Acorde con el tiempo de evolución y el antecedente vacunal se decidió la realización de biopsia y resección quirúrgica. El reporte de la biopsia confirmó diagnóstico de mastocitoma grado histológico 3 de Patnaik, teniendo en cuenta las características histológicas, estructurales y su comportamiento clínico. Se realizó seguimiento del caso pasados ocho meses, donde se evidenció mejoría del cuadro clínico, sin aparición de nueva masa sugestiva de neoplasia, sin hallazgos de metástasis a otras estructuras, con cicatrización exitosa de herida quirúrgica y evolución satisfactoria.

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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia is the property of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Compagnia is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Foram avaliados, por meio da tomografia computadorizada, 19 cães com mastocitomas tratados com quimioterapia. Aspectos como contorno, atenuação, realce pós-contraste e presença de clivagem com estruturas adjacentes foram avaliados. Aplicaram-se os critérios RECIST e a mensuração volumétrica das lesões para se avaliar a resposta ao tratamento. Quanto à atenuação, os mastocitomas se mostraram como lesões homogêneas ou heterogêneas, com tendência a limites definidos e contornos regulares e apresentaram realce moderado após administração do contraste iodado intravenoso. Os métodos RECIST e a mensuração volumétrica apresentaram uma excelente concordância na classificação da resposta terapêutica, fornecendo um bom parâmetro da resposta ao tratamento instituído. O exame de tomografia computadorizada se mostrou útil na delimitação do tumor e importante ferramenta no planejamento das margens cirúrgicas.

O mastocitoma cutâneo (MTC) é a neoplasia maligna mais comum na pele dos cães e seu comportamento biológico é muito variável. Dentre os fatores prognósticos estudados nos MTCs, a classificação histopatológica, o índice proliferativo e o padrão de expressão doc-KIT são os que apresentam uma associação mais relevante com o provável prognóstico deste tumor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a expressão proteica de fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina tipo 1 (IGF-1), fator de célula tronco (SCF) e sua relação com o receptor tirosina quinase (c-KIT), alvo da rapamicina em mamíferos (m-TOR), grau histológico, índice proliferativo pelo KI-67e o número de figuras de mitose (IM) com dados clínicos de cães com MTCs . Foram utilizadas 133 amostras de MTCs, provenientes de 133 cães, dispostas em lâminas de microarranjo de tecidos (TMA). A técnica de imuno-histoquímica foi utilizada para a avaliação destas proteínas. Observou-se associação entre SCF e, a graduação histopatológica proposta em 2011, índice mitótico, proliferação celular (KI-67), escore de IGF-1, local da lesão, idade dos animais e padrão imuno-histoquímico do receptor c-KIT. A relação de dependência também foi observada entre IGF-1 e o porte dos animais, IM, m-TOR e c-KIT. A expressão de SCF teve relacção com a agressividade dos MTCs caninos, uma vez que foi mais freqüente em MTCs com c-KIT citoplasmático. A relação entre a expressão de IGF-1, SCF, c-KIT e m-TOR pode estar associada à integralização de suas vias de ação. A expressão de IGF-1 está associada à MTCs em cães de porte grande.Cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) is one of the most common neoplasms in the skin of dogs and express variable biological behavior. Among the MTC aspects studied, histological classification, proliferative index and protein expression of c-KIT show the most defined connection with the tumor prognostic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein expression of insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), steam cell factor (SCF) and theit relationship with tyrosine kinase receptor (c-KIT), mammalian target of rapamycin (m-TOR), histological classification (KI-67), proliferative and mitotic index and epidemiological data in MTCs. In this study 133 MTC samples from 133 animals were used, arranged in tissue microarray (TMA) slides. The TMA was used for evaluation the proteins. An association was observed between SCF and histological grade proposed in 2011, mitotic index, cell proliferation, IGF-1, lesion site, age of the animals, and immunohistochemical pattern c-KIT receptor. The dependence relationship was also observed between IGF-1 and animal size, mitotic index, m-TOR and c-KIT. The SCF protein expression was related to canine MTCs aggressiveness, since it is more frequent in MCTs with c-KIT cytoplasmic. The relationship between the expression of IGF-1, SCF, c-KIT e m-TOR can be associated with the integration of its actions ways. The IGF-1 expression is associated with large dog breeds MTCs.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o valor prognóstico de marcadores de proliferação celular em casos de mastocitomas cutâneos caninos. Vinte e três casos foram analisados quanto à expressão imuno-histoquímica de Ki67 e do Antígeno Nuclear de Proliferação Celular (PCNA), sendo subsequentemente acompanhados clinicamente. Observou-se que a expressão de Ki67 mantém relação negativa com a tradicional graduação histopatológica (p= 0,0418; pThis study evaluated the prognostic value of cell proliferation markers for canine cutaneous mast cell tumor cases. Twenty-three cases were analyzed with regard to immuno-histochemical expression of Ki67 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), and were clinically followed up. Ki67 expression was related to the traditional histopathological grading (p= 0.0418; p

The study aimed to establish the canine skin cancer prevalence in cases analyzed in the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Parana, Sector Palotina between 2010-2013. Of 1,395 lab file skin biopsies, 347 (24.87%) were categorized as neoplasia. The most affected breed were poodle (46/13,26%), boxer (27/7,78%), pitbull (19/5,48%), rottweiller (18/5,19%) and cocker spaniel (17/4,9%). The age average was 7,5 years. There was a predominance of occurrence in males (197/56.77%) compared to females (150/43,23%). The most prevalente neoplasia were: Mast Cell Tumor (62/17,87%), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (35/10,09%), Melanoma (29/8,36%), Adanal Gland Adenoma (25/7,20%), Cutaneous Transmissible Venereal Tumor (24/6,92%), Lipoma (22/6,34%), Histiocytoma (22/6,34%), Hemangioma (18/5,19%), Basal Cell Carcinoma (17/4,90%) e Hemagiossarcoma (16/4,61). Other neoplasia reached 77 cases (22,19%). Although concurring in results with similar studies in national and international the authors highlight the importance of epidemiological study of canine cutaneous tumors and its relevance within the veterinary oncology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of histologic classification by a 2-tier grading system only, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for KIT and Ki-67 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for internal tandem duplications (ITD) on exon 11 has improved the prognostication of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (CCMTs) particularly in the United States. However, these techniques are not commonly used in most Brazilian laboratories. Likewise, no studies, to date, have investigated the occurrence of ITD in CCMTs from the country. Thus, this study tested the 2-tier grading system, the immunohistochemistry for KIT and Ki- 67 and the PCR for exon 11 in a group of Brazilian CCMTs with the goal of investigating the applicability of these tests in a Brazilian laboratory. Of the 39 CCMTs, 69.2% (27/39) were identified as lowgrade and 30.8% (12/39) as high-grade by a 2-tier grading system. All tumors had a KIT expression pattern II, and 30.6% (11/36) had a high growth fraction (Ki-67). PCR amplification was successful in four of the 11 tumors examined. Two of these (50%) were positive for ITD. This study highlights the importance of using auxiliary techniques in the CCMT evaluation, identifies limitations and confirms the applicability of these methods on a routine diagnostic basis in Brazil. Our results will help to improve the prognostication of CCMTs in Brazilian diagnostic laboratories, encouraging the use of supplementary methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Quarenta e cinco mastocitomas cutâneos caninos foram graduados histologicamente com o uso de hematoxilina-eosina. Foram empregados os métodos azul de toluidina e região organizadora nucleolar argirofílica (AgNOR) para, respectivamente, evidenciar os grânulos citoplasmáticos e avaliar o índice de proliferação celular. Diversas características histológicas foram observadas, como distribuição das células na pele, tamanho, forma, aspecto de citoplasma e núcleo, quantidade de estroma, presença de eosinófilos e alterações associadas. Com base nessas caracteríscas, 37,8% dos mastocitomas foram classificados como grau I, 51,1% como grau II e 11,1% como grau III. A média geral de AgNOR nos mastocitomas foi de 1,9 (1,2 a 4,3) e as médias para os graus I, II e III foram, respectivamente, de 1,5, 1,85 e 3,25. A técnica de AgNOR mostrou ser de fácil execução, custo acessível e confiável como meio auxiliar para estimar um prognóstico mais objetivo para os mastocitomas.Forty-five cutaneous canine mast cell tumors were graded histologically on haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Toluidine blue and AgNOR methods were employed to enhance the intracytoplasmic granules and to assess cell proliferation, respectively. From these 45 samples histological features were observed as cell distribution, size, shape, nuclear and cytoplasmic appearance, amount of stroma, presence of eosinophils and some associated changes. Based on those features, 37.8% of the mast cell tumors were classified as grade I, 51.1% as grade II and 11.1% as grade III. General AgNOR mean value was 1.9 (range 1.2-4.3) whereas the means for grades I, II and III were, respectively, 1.2, 1.85 and 3.25. The AgNOR method proved to be feasible, inexpensive and a reliable tool to predict a more accurate prognosis for mast cell tumors.

Foram analisados os arquivos do laboratório de Patologia Animal do Hospital Veterinário da UFU de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2010, selecionando protocolos referentes a biopsias cutâneas de cães coletando-se as seguintes informações: diagnóstico morfológico, localização anatômica, idade, sexo e raça dos cães, com o objetivo de realizar um estudo epidemiológico. Foram diagnosticados 549 tumores cutâneos em 543 cães, sendo que 281 cães eram machos e 247 fêmeas. Cães adultos e idosos foram os mais acometidos, assim como os cães sem raça definida, Poodle, Boxer, Pit Bull e Dashchund. Os tumores malignos prevaleceram com 65,39% dos casos, sendo os de origem epitelial os mais frequentes. O carcinoma de células escamosas foi a neoplasia predominante, seguido pelo mastocitoma e histiocitoma. Com relação á localização anatômica prevaleceu as regiões do abdômen (19,49%), cabeça (16,40%) e membros (15,30%). Não houve diferença na probabilidade de apresentar tumor cutâneo com relação ao sexo, porém considerando-se os tipos de tumores há maior probabilidade da população canina apresentar carcinoma de células escamosas e mastocitomas em detrimento dos outros tipos de tumores cutâneos.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar as diferenças ultraestruturais de mastócitos neoplásicos de diferentes tipos histológicos de mastocitoma em cães, usando microscopia eletrônica de transmissão Os resultados mostraram que o núcleo e os grânulos citoplasmáticos são as estruturas mais indicadas para se avaliar o grau de anaplasia celular e o estádio de indiferenciação do tumor.The objective of this work was study the ultrastructural differences among the different histologic types of mast cell tumors in dogs collected in vivo. The ultrastructural analyses showed that the nuclei and cytoplasmic granules characteristics are the best structures to be appointed on evaluating the undifferentiation stage of this tumor.

Mastocitoma é uma neoplasia de carácter maligno originada pela proliferação excessiva dos mastócitos e comumente acomete o sistema tegumentar dos cães, porém pode afetar outros sistemas. Apresenta um comportamento biológico variável que vai desde baixa severidade até altamente maligno o que implica diretamente na evolução e prognóstico. O intuito do presente relato é descrever um caso atípico de mastocitoma em traqueia de um canino, raça Golden Retriever, 8 anos e macho, que foi utilizada a laringobroncoscopia como ferramenta diagnóstica. O paciente apresentava histórico de tosse, seca, alta e persistente mais intensa em repouso, não responsiva aos tratamentos prescritos e sem alterações significativas em exames complementares realizados. Sendo então solicitado a laringobroncoscopia, onde foi observado a traqueia com mucosa levemente hiperemica, discreta secreção de aspecto serosanguinolento e presença de estruturas teciduais elevadas, de aspecto proliferativo, se projetando acima da superfície mucosa, de forma irregular e não circunscrita, causando discreta redução do lúmen traqueal e localizadas a uma distância aproximada de 35-40 cm da arcada dentária superior. Uma semana após, o mesmo apresentou uma piora significativa do quadro respiratório, passando por avaliação com pneumologista e internação para estabilização. Foi realizado uma segunda laringobroncoscopia onde observou-se um acentuado crescimento da formação e consequentemente maior oclusão do lúmen. Através dos achados optou-se pela realização da traqueostomia com avaliação de histopatológico transcirúrgico, confirmando o diagnóstico de mastocitoma traqueal, o paciente permaneceu em cuidados intensivos e recebeu alta 72 horas após o procedimento dando continuidade do tratamento com o oncologista. Conclui-se que a laringobroncoscopia foi um exame imprescindível para auxiliar no diagnóstico e acompanhamento da neoplasia traqueal, além de ressaltar a importância da realização do exame em pacientes com tosse, ruído respiratório e/ou dispneia inspiratória sem causa específica e na inclusão do mastocitoma nos diagnósticos diferenciais de animais com formações em traqueia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the correlation between KIT gene expression determined by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) and the rate of tumour recurrence and tumour-related deaths in dogs affected with mast cell tumour ( MCT). Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to compare tumour recurrence and tumour-related death between patients. The log-rank test was used to check for significant differences between curves. KIT-I, KIT-II and KIT-III staining patterns were observed in 9 (11.11%), 50 (61.73%) and 22 (27.16%) tumours, respectively. Tumour recurrence rates and tumour-related deaths were not associated with KIT staining patterns ( P = 0278, P > 0.05), KIT ( P = 0.289, P > 0.05) or KIT ligand ( P = 0.106, P > 0.05) gene expression. Despite the lack of association between KIT staining pattern and patient survival time, the results suggest a correlation between aberrant KIT localization and increased proliferative activity of MCTs. RT-PCR seems to be a sensible method for quantitative detection of KIT gene expression in canine MCT, although expressions levels are not correlated with prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) associated with the cytological diagnosis mast cell tumor is a widely employed technique in human medicine, but it is still underused in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of FNA technique for the diagnosis of mast cell tumors in dogs. Over one year period all dogs referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais with tumor-like formations of the skin were submitted to FNA. In order to detect metastasis, both skin lesions and the regional lymph nodes were subjected to FNA. After surgical removal of the lesions, histological examination indicated a complete agreement with the cytological diagnosis. In conclusion, FNA technique is a good choice for diagnosis of mast cell tumors in dogs. In addition, FNA allows an adequate and early therapeutic planning.

Background: The proliferative disorders of mast cells include, in addition to mast cell tumor, systemic mastocytosis and myeloid leukemia of mast cells. Surgery is the treatment of choice for tumors in the skin, in regions which allow wide excision but adjuvant treatments should be performed in selected patients. However, the use of adjuvant chemotherapy remains empirical, due to the absence of controlled studies. Despite the relevance of the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of mast cell tumors, studies with these drugs have focused primarily on neoadjuvant scenery. Case: A 13-year-old male Poodle dog, weighing 4.6 kg, was presented with bilateral increase in inguinal lymph nodes and a vesicular cutaneous lesion, in the inguinal region, 75 days after surgery for the removal of a scrotum grade II mast cell tumor. Patient was admitted for surgery and the tissues removed were sent for pathological examination that allowed the diagnosis of grade II mast cell tumor and metastasis in all inguinal lymph nodes. The immunohistochemical study for CD117 revealed an aberrant expression of KIT receptor (KIT II), while the PCR for mutations in exon 11 of c-KIT gene revealed internal tandem duplications. The patient underwent a session of chemotherapy with lomustine, however it had serious side effects that resulted in discontinuation of treatment, opting for utilization of masitinib mesylate at a dose of 12.5 mg/m2 once daily. One hundred and fifty days after the start of masitinib and 198 days after surgery, multiple lesions, similar to pustules, were observed in the skin whose cytology revealed that it was moderately differentiated mast cell tumors. The disease-free interval was therefore 198 days. Fifteen days later blood count revealed mild anemia and severe thrombocytopenia and two mast cells were identified in the differential count of leukocytes. The cytological examination of bone marrow allowed the identification of 1% of mast cells in nucleated cells, that diagnosed the mast cell leukemia. The patient was in the final stage and thus, were euthanized, resulting in an overall survival of 213 days and 165 days of treatment with masitinib without major side effects. Discussion: Although no metastases were observed in abdominal organs, the patient was classified as stage III, due to lymph node involvement and the presence of skin lesions distant from the surgical scar, but close to the inguinal lymph nodes. This injury may be considered a satellite metastasis, probably related to tumor dissemination by lymphatic vessels in skin. Once the patient did not tolerate the standard protocol of chemotherapy used in the institution, for the mastocytoma scrotum in advanced stage, and presented the mutational status of the c-KIT, it was chosen to use masitinib, with the goal of delaying the appearance of metastases in distant organs. The patient was considered a candidate for treatment with the target molecular masitinib, since this tyrosine kinase inhibitor reaches a limited number of protein kinases, including KIT receptor being indicated for the treatment of mast cell tumors with aberrant expression of this receptor, with better outcomes in patients with functional mutations (exon 11) in c-KIT. Disease progression, as evidenced 198 days after surgery, could be related to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, after a favorable initial response. Patients with mast cell tumor and lymph node metastasis, receiving no treatment, have a mean survival of 42 days while those treated with surgery alone have median survival of 132 days. The survival of 213 days, in this case, can be attributed mainly to the use of masitinib as adjunctive therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solitary mastocytoma is an infrecuent benign tumor from a group of cutaneous mastocytosis. Common onset in childhood, sometimes congenital. It might be one or few lesions on trunk or limbs, with or whithout general symptoms. Its is self-limited and tends to disappear with time, there is not an effective treatment available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]